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EKEVETT HlAJo ©E: 



THE RECORD 



SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY, 



1861-65. 



Br ALONZO H. QUINT, 



ITS CHAPLAIN. 




BOSTON: 

JAMES P. WALKER. 

1867. 



Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1867, 

BY JAMES P. WALKER, 

In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the District of Massachusetts. 



Z ^ <^ Q ^ 







Cambridge : Press of John Wilson and^SoB*^-- 



TO 



THE MEMORY OF ITS DEAD, 

AND 

THE FUTURE OF ITS LIVING. 



PREFACE. 



Counting it the honor of my Hfe to have been the 
Chaphiin of the Second Massachusetts Infantry, the 
preparation of this record has been no less a work of 
love than of duty. 

My own full notes, compared with, and completed 
by, the note-books of officers and enlisted men, were 
its basis. I have also carefully studied all the various 
rolls, books, and reports of the regiment and of com- 
panies ; the full papers preserved by Brevet Major-Gen- 
eral Gordon ; private letters, and letters in newspapers ; 
official reports of generals, the Report of the Committee 
on the Conduct of the War, and the State papers ; 
special histories of campaigns and biographies, as well 
as rebel histories, biographies, and official reports. In 
addition to the thanks due to Adjutant J. A. Fox and 
others of the regiment, I acknowledge my obligations 
to the officials in the Adjutant-General's office, for the 
kindest facilities in the examination of their excellent 

records. 

The engraved portraits have, generally, been fur- 
nished by friends. 



^^ PREFACE. 



I have described general movements onlv sufficiently 
to specify the share of the Second. I have not criti- 
cised military operations. I was not a military man 
I pretend to no knowledge of strategy or tactics. 

If I have been silent as to the gallant deeds of par- 
ticular men, it was because I remembered the reply of a 
commander, in 1863, to a request for the names of 
men deserving medals : " Where all are meritorious, to 
mention some is to do injustice to the remainder." 
^^ " This regiment," wrote General Hooker, in 1864, 
" as is known to two armies, has no superior." Yet 
to indulge in praise seemed to me not only needless, 
but contrary to that spirit which refused to put the 
names of battles upon its colors. 

•I have been painfully convinced that it is impossible 
to record the history of a regiment. The narrative 
hxcks the hving experiences. But this record is made 
for men to whom every date is a scene, and everv name 
a comrade; for widows and orphans, and for childless 
parents. Their experiences will fill up the outline. 
Myself sadly dissatisfied with the result of unsparin. 
hxbor, yet I trust tiiat the men of the Second - from ' 
no one of whom,.in the discharge of my own dehcate 
duties did I ever receive a discourtesy- will appre- 
ciate the purpose, and be indulgent to the defects, of 
this work. 

New Bedford, Mass. ^' ^' ^- 



CONTENTS. 



THE HISTORY. 

Page 

I. The Beginning 1 

11. Ca:mp Andrew 14 

in. Patterson's Campaign 33 

IV. Watching the River 43 

V. The First Winter 60 

VI. The Spring Campaign 67 

VII. Banks's Retreat 80 

VIII. General Pope 9G 

IX. Cedar Mountain 104 

X. Pope's Retreat 119 

XI. Antietam 128 

XII. The Winter 143 

XIII. Chancellors ville 156 

XIV. From Beverly Ford to Gettysburg . . . 175 
XV. Journeyings 185 

XVI. Up and Down the R.vilway 195 

XVII. Home and Back 204 

XVIII. For Atlanta 219 

XIX. To the Sea 244 

XX. Through the Carolinas 256 

XXI. Northward 275 

XXII. The End 288 



"^"^ CONTENTS. 



THE MEN. 

I. The Enlisted Men, First Term 295 

" »» M Second Term 432 

" " Non-commissioned Staff . . 472 
II. Commissioned Officers 475 

III. Field and Staff ... r-nn 

509 

IV. The Colors and their Bearers ... 511 

V. The Band ^10 

olo 

VI. Tables: Nativities gj« 

«, Casualties in Action ciy 

The Enlisted Men Accounted For ... 520 

Commissioned Officers Accounted For . . 522 

,, Summary ^no 

Additions and Corrections 523 

Index . . 

525 



ENGRAVINGS. 

George H. Gordon opposite mie-page. 

Edward Gardiner Abbott oppositep.U 

George L. Andrews . . o. 

„ o4 

KrcHARD Cary . 

117 

Wilder Dwight 

James Savage, Jun. . . 

„ 148 

Charles Redington Mudge . 101 

-..^ loi 

VViLLiAM Cogswell . . o.„ 

, 256 

Alonzo PIall Quint ^g^^ 

William Blackstone Williams . 488 

Thomas Bavley Fox, Jun * 501 



SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



SECOND MASSACHUSETTS mFANTRY. 



HISTORY. 



I. 

THE BEGINNING. 

On SatiircLay, the 13th day of April, 1861, tidings 
of the attack upon Fort Sumter came to Boston. 
On that day, E. R. Mudge, R. S. Fay, jun., Greely 
S. Curtis, A. B. Underwood, and others, were in con- 
sultation with George H. Gordon, an educated and 
experienced soldier. " You must give up every thing 
now," said Major Gordon, addressing Mr. Under- 
wood, — "and prepare for the war. Get men ready. 
Go to drilling. Get yourself ready, and give up every 
thing else." 

Major Gordon had already fully considered the sub- 
ject. He had early foreseen the great troubles which 
were to come upon the nation, and advocated prepara- 
tion. His military knowledge had given him a promi- 
nent position in the consultations held at the State 
House. His advice had been sought, and largely fol- 
lowed, in the organization of the militia for active 
service ; which enabled the governor to send, upon a 
few hours' notice, the earliest regiments to the defence 

1 



^ SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

of the national capital. Ilis interest in the approaching 
struggle had led him to address a meeting of the Suf- 
folk bar. Pie had already pledged himself to re-enter 
the military service of the country, and had therefore 
resigned the command of the New-England Guards ; 
advising the members of that battalion to regard it as 
a nursery of officers, rather than to attempt to take it, 
as an organization, into the field. 

" Wherever," said Major Gordon to the battalion, upon 
resigning his command, " any son of Massachusetts can 
render the most efficient service to the State, there, in my 
judgment, should his efforts be given. Although, in the first 
outbreak of war, reliance must necessarily be placed upon 
oin- militia, in whose ranks are found men of the best classes 
in our community, yet, for prolonged and continuous service, 
a composition of forces like that constituting the army of the 
general government is indisputably the most efficient and ser- 
viceable, — a composition in which the character and intelli- 
gence of our best citizens must be used to organize and drill 
the bone and muscle of those upon whom we must rely for 
our armies. 

Then we may, with a small body of well-instructed gentle- 
men, impart information, raise into an organization and render 
efficient very many large bodies of men, all of whom will in 
time become soldiers rather tlian undisciplined mobs of raw 
militia. 

Wherever, in the present sudden emergency, any, even the 
least, capacity exists to impart information and efficiency to 
a company of privates, we cannot afford to waste precious 
material that may instruct many others, by caHing it to render 
individual service as privates rather than officers. 

My aim, as chief of the New-England Guards, has been 
rather to impart to my command the necessary instruction 



THE BEGINNIXG. 3 

to enable them to command rather than to build up a com- 
pany to serve as privates during the fatigues of a long cam- 
paign. 

Massachusetts needs to-day military skill, science, and 
power to instruct. No man has a right to refuse his skill to 
drill the body of the militia of our State, even though he 
sacrifices that ambition so near to a soldier's heart, to be the 
first to bleed for his country." 

On the 15th, Major Gordon was summoned to the 
State House, to advise regarding the forwarding of tlie 
militia regiments that morning called for by the Presi- 
dent of the United States. Upon returning from tlie 
consultation, he said to ]Mr. Underwood, "The governor 
has told me, that, when he gets these troops off, I shall 
go with the next regiment." That day, and the suc- 
ceeding, the gentlemen already mentioned, with others, 
discussed the measures necessary for raising troops 
"for the war." Underwood was ready to go; so was 
Curtis. 

So were George L. Andrews, Wilder Dwight, and a 
thousand gallant men all over the State ; who, as yet 
without concert, were destined to make a name in 
history for the Second Massachusetts Infantry. They 
were soon brouo-ht together. 

On the 18th day of April, Wilder Dwight entered 
the office of Major Gordon, — Dwight was a mem- 
ber of the New -England Guards battalion, — and 
said abruptly, "Will you raise a regiment?" j\Iajor 
Gordon replied, "I am already committed to that. 
I have spoker\ to the governor upon that subject ; 
and he has promised me the command of the first 



4 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

regiment which leaves the State for the war." D wight 
repeated his question, in its precise language, and re- 
ceived the same reply. Major Gordon then explained 
the difficulties in the way of raising- a regiment upon 
such principles as seemed to him essential. 

These difficulties depended upon the fact, that, at that 
time, no law authorized the reception of forces into the 
service of the Government otherwise than as organized 
militia, and that only for a brief period. By the laws 
of Massachusetts, all officers were to be chosen by the 
men, — a system which Major Goi'don, with all other 
soldiers, knew to be destructive of proper discipline. 
Nor would the clothing and equipment of the men 
follow the army model, which his foresight perceived to 
be necessary ; and the opposite of which, a very short 
experience, by another regiment, proved to be absurd. 

These and other difficulties were discussed at length 
in the interview, but without arriving at any satis- 
factory solution. But, before they separated, D wight 
suggested, as indispensable, the raising of a fund for 
regimental purposes. This was agreed upon, and the 
following paper was immediately drawn up : — 

Boston, April 18, 1861. 

Whereas it is proposed forthwith to raise, equip, and 
organize a regiment of men, to be drilled for efficient service 
in the defence of the Government wherever they may be 
needed; and whereas Major George H. Gordon has offered 
his services to superintend and aid in this purpose, and action 
has already been taken by the Governor to offer such a regi- 
ment to the Government, — 

The undersigned hereby agree to contribute the sums set 



THE BEGINNING. 5 

opposite their respective names to pay the expense of such 
equipment and organization, and the support of the regiment 
until it can be received into the service and pay of the Gov- 
ernment. 

With this paper, Dwight left the office : in less than 
an hour he brought it back, bearing subscriptions for 
five thousand dollars. In a few days, the sum was 
increased to nearly thirty thousand, only sixty-five 
per cent of which proved to be necessary. Of this 
fund, Mr. Thomas Dwight was the treasurer. The list 
of subscribers will be given in a subsequent page. 

At this same interview, the manner of addressing 
the public was discussed ; for that a regiment was to 
be raised was a foregone conclusion, notwithstanding 
all difficulties. It was determined to issue bills adver- 
tising the raising of a regiment; and, within a day or 
two, these were printed, and posted in public places. 
This notification, it is believed, preceded the measures 
under which any other three-years' regiment was raised. 

It was also soon settled, that George L. Andrews, of 
Boston, who had also been in the councils at the State 
House, ought to be lieutenant-colonel. 

It would have been difficult to find three men equally 
qualified for the work before them. 

The first, after graduating at West Point, in 1846, 
had immediately entered upon active service. He had 
participated in every action of General Scott's cam- 
paign, from Vera Cruz to the city of Mexico ; had been 
severely wounded after the fall of that city ; had been 
brevetted " for gallant and meritorious conduct ; " and 



b SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

not until after nine years of service, sometimes as far 
away as Oregon, had he conckided to return to civil 
Hfe. Entering upon tlie practice of the law, he was 
rapidly making himself successful, when he again 
brought to the service of the country the clear intellect, 
thorough knoAvledge, rapid decision, and power of 
exciting enthusiasm, which have been recognized by 
subsequent promotion, well-earned, and only too slowly 
given. 

George L. Andrews had graduated at West Point, 
in 1851, at the head of his class. Assigned to duty as 
assistant to Colonel Thayer of the Engineers, he had 
been engaged for three years in the construction of Fort 
Warren, in Boston harbor ; had been ordered to West 
Point as Acting Assistant Professor in the Department 
of Civil and Military Engineering, the Science of War, 
&c., where he remained a year, and resigned on 
account of the absurd inadequacy of the (then) })ay to 
support a family. Thoroughly acquainted with military 
science from its broadest principles to its slightest 
details, a thorough disciplinarian, a man to whom duty 
was law, his merit has shown itself in higher stations 
and important commands. These qualifications he 
brought to the Second, refusing the place of paymaster, 
and also the colonelcy of a regiment of volunteers. 

Wilder D wight was a graduate of Harvard College, 
— of high rank in the class of 1853, — and of its Law 
School. With a clear mind, high culture, indomita- 
ble Avill, genial and persuasive powers, with the culture 
obtained by foreign travel and the discipline of study 



THE BEGINNING. 7 

with Caleb Gushing and Judge Hoar, — lie had sprung 
at once into the higlier ranks of his profession. lie was 
not without some knowledge of military routine, ac- 
quired at a military school. lie would have seen high 
rank but for the fatal day of Antietam. 

These men gave their best powers and most earnest 
devotion to their country. For its sake they deter- 
mined to make a regiment worthy of the cause. How 
far they succeeded is now historical. 

Previous to any overt act of rebellion, Greely S. 
Curtis, of Boston, had said to Major Gordon, "If this 
thing leads to war, I wish to go ; and I should like to 
go under your command." In the interviews alluded 
to, Mr. Curtis again spoke of entering the service. 
He was promised a commission. He mentioned the 
names of several of his friends whom he thought quali- 
fied ; among them were James Savage, jun., and Henry 
L. Higginson, of Boston. After some inquiries they 
were promised suitable positions. These gentlemen 
and others assisted in raising money, and in other 
methods. Their recommendation was justified. 

On Thursday, April 25, the "Boston Journal" 
said : — 

" Recruiting offices for the new I'egiment under Major 
Gordon were opened yesterday at 22, Canal Street ; at Clin- 
ton Street, corner of Merchants' Row; and at 129, Federal 
Street. . . . Another ... at No. 55, State Street, next to en- 
trance to Merchants' Exchange." 

At Canal Street was Mr. Curtis ; at Clinton Street, 
Mr. A. D. Sawyer ; at Federal Street, j\lr. Under- 



8 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

wood, and Richard S. Fay, jun. ; at State Street, J. 
Parker Whitney, — afterwards, Mr. Underwood, and, 
still later, Francis H. Tucker and T. L. Motley, jun. 

Some of these offices were temporarily suspended 
after a few days ; for the consideration was weighty 
that there was yet no authority to raise a regiment, and 
no evidence that one tendered would be accepted. It 
was determined, therefore, to apply for authority 
directly to the War Department. The State gave its 
sanction, and Messrs. Andrews and D wight were se- 
lected to go to Washington. 

They left Boston on the 25th of April. South of 
Philadelphia, they began to find troops on the road : 
but, being bearers of despatches from Governor Andrew, 
they found no difficulty in getting to Perryville on the 
Susquehanna, where they were obliged to take a tug- 
boat for Annapolis ; for this was the time when the 
road through Baltimore was in the hands of a brutal 
mob allowed to work its will by an inefficient Executive. 
Late in the evening of the 26th, Messrs. Andrews and 
D wight reached Annapolis. The buildings and grounds 
of the Naval School were filled with three-months' men ; 
and, although there were the usual bustle and want of 
system of raw troops, it was pleasant to see that the 
Government had so far been spurred into life. Passes 
were procured from General Butler for Washington ; 
and information that a train would start at some uncer- 
tain time in the night, — uncertain, because the road had 
been damaged by Maryland rebels. Three days before, 
a Massachusetts soldier, looking at a locomotive disabled 



THE BEGINNING. 9 

by Annapolis people, said, "I made this engine ; and I 
can put it together again ; " and the Massachusetts 
Eighth and the New-York Seventh opened the way to 
the junction. But the road was again injured ; and 
when Messrs. Andrews and Dwight, wifh Captain 
(since Colonel) Maynadier of the Ordnance Corps, a 
loyal Virginian, who had accompanied them from Perry- 
ville, — after remaining all night in the station-house, 
and settino; in the morning a breakfast of the usual 
Southern hog and hominy, — started on the train, they 
found frequent delays necessary for repairs. At Annapo- 
lis Junction were trains filled with troops, and camps 
were near by. Pickets were stationed along the road to 
Washington ; troops were in that city, and reconnoi- 
sances were being made. The loyal people were then 
cheerful; but Breckenridge, Mason, Wigfall, Hunter, 
and Clingman were still in Washington. 

An interview with the Secretary of War was ob- 
tained by the help of General Ripley, Chief of Ord- 
nance, on Monday, April 29. The application did not 
meet with favor. The Secretary doubted his right to 
authorize the raising of a three-years' regiment. Then, 
as some time later, it required effort to obtain the 
privilege of defending the country. The messengers 
from Massachusetts persisted. Dwight thought he 
could draft a paper which would be satisfactory. Ap- 
parently wearied with the importunity, the Secretary 
told him to do so. It was done ; and, after a little 
hesitation, signed. Dwight immediately telegraphed, 
" All riirht : so ahead ! " 



10 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

In that paper, which pledged the Secretary to accept 
the regiment when it should be raised, the first author- 
ity, in point of time, to raise a three-years' regiment, 
was thus given to what became the Second Regiment 
OF jNIassachusetts Infantry. When the President 
issued his call. May 4, 1861, for thirty-nine regiments 
of infantry and one of cavalry, for three years, this 
regiment became one of the thirty-nine ; and it was, 
with all other volunteer regiments, subsequently a part 
of the half-million of men authorized by Act of Con- 
gress, July 22, 1861. 

With this permission, Andrews and D wight returned 
home, still by way of Annapolis. With this authority, 
with the assurance of aid from the Governor, and with 
his promise that the commander should select his 
officers, and with funds in plenty, the work was pushed 
vigorously forward. The recruiting offices were re- 
opened on the 29th, and others added. Charles F. 
Morse opened an office in Salem ; James Savage, jun., 
in Eitehburg ; Charles R. Mudge, in Lynn ; Marcus 
M. Havves, in Lawrence ; Eufus Choate, in Springfield ; 
Richard Cary, Richard C. Goodwin, and others, in 
Boston ; while men were recruited in Easton, in Berk- 
shire County, and a few in other places, at the same 
time. 

The control of the funds and the designation of 
methods were left with the commander. The particu- 
lar rank to be given to Curtis, Savage, Higginson, 
Mudge, and others was, by common consent, undecided : 
the simple assurance, that, at the proper time, a suitable 



THE BEGINNING. 11 

assignment of rank should be made, conforming to the 
impressions of the colonel as to fitness and capacity, 
gave entire satisfaction and secured entire harmony. 

The principal office — headquarters in Boston — was 
opened at 20, State Street, Colonel Gordon being there 
except during a temporary illness, when Lieutenant- 
Colonel Andrews took charge. Charles Wheaton, jun., 
of Boston, was soon selected to aid, eventually becom- 
ing adjutant. His value is well remembered, as he 
remained in that capacity, declining promotion, until 
he became, in 1862, commissary of subsistence, in 
which station he rose to a place on the staff of a 
corps commander. R. Morris Copeland, in the latter 
part of April, by advice of James Savage, with whom 
he had become acquainted in Salignac's drill-club, ap- 
plied for the place of regimental quartermaster ; it was 
given him ; and his indefatigable zeal and business 
abihty made him a most valuable officer. Energetic 
and faithful, he afterwards was aid to Major-General 
Banks, and then assistant adjutant-general, with the 
rank of major. Patriotic, able, and brave, yet — he 
will pardon it — impulsive, he was finally sacrificed 
to personal pique, — all who knew him felt unjustly 
and on mere pretence. 

It was held as a principle, that the officers should 
be first selected, and they should recruit their own 
companies ; and not that the men elect their officers. 
This principle was apparently varied from in two instan- 
ces, but only apparently. One was in the case of the 
"Abbott Grays." 



12 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

This was a company raised in Lowell. On the 
mornino: succeeding; the attack of the Baltimore rebels 
on Massachusetts troops, Edward G. Abbott, of Low- 
ell, commenced raising a company "for the war." It 
was filled that day. Organized under the militia laws 
of the State, under the name of the " Abbott Grays " 
(in compliment to Hon. J. G. Abbott), it had a cap- 
tain and four lieutenants, who received their commis- 
sions from the Governor. When it was known that 
Colonel Gordon was raising; a rcijiment, Hon. Mr. 
Abbott applied to him to 'receive this company as a 
part of his command. After an interview with Captain 
Abbott, the manly qualities of that officer, and the 
superior material in the ranks, satisfied the Colonel ; 
and the company was received, with Edward G. Abbott 
as captain ; Harrison G. O. Weymouth, for a few 
weeks, first lieutenant; then William D. Sedgwick, 
first lieutenant ; and James Francis, second lieutenant : 
A.bbott, to fall at Cedar Mountain ; Weymouth, to 
attain the rank of major, and to lose a limb at Frede- 
ricksburg; Sedgwick, to die at Antietam ; and Francis, 
to become a field-officer, but to bear for ever the marks 
of the enemy's bullets,. 

On the same day with the above, William Cogswell, 
a lawyer in Salem, commenced recruiting there. The 
company was soon filled ; named the " Andrew Light 
Guard," while in State service ; and went into camp 
on Winter Island, Salem Harbor, in "Camp Webb," 
about the 2 2d of April. Through the instrumentality 
of the Governor, it was made a part of Colonel 



THE BEGINNING. 



13 



Gordon's regiment, i with William Cogswell, captain, 
to become brevet-brigadier-general ; Edwin R. IIill, 
a former soldier in Mexico, first lieutenant, to fall in 
battle ; and Robert B. Brown, second lieutenant, then 
a law-student, but to leave the service senior captain in 
his regiment. 



1 » Major Gordon, of this city, is raising a regiment. He is a West-Point 
officer of great merit. His second officer is also a distinguished graduate 
of West Point. Perhaps you would find it agreeable to add so valuable a 
body of men as you offer, to his corps; and I presume that your applica- 
tion, under cover of this letter, may invite his respectful consideration, if 
his ranks are not already full, and his officers selected." - Letter of Gwer- 
nor Andrew, May 6. 



1-i SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY 



II. 



CAMP ANDREW. 

Brook Farm, a locality in West Roxbury, once well 
known as the seat of an experiment on the " community " 
system, was owned, in 1861, by Rev. James Freeman 
Clarke, of Boston. When it became necessary to secure 
a site for a camp, this place occurred to ]Mr. Copeland 
as suitable. The patriotic owner freely consented, and 
gave its use without pay.^ It was capacious and pleas- 
ant, well watered, and had upon it some large build- 
ings. Its use was obtained on the 9th of May; and, 
on the 11th of May, Camp Andrew — so named from 
respect to the faithful, patriotic Governor — was estab- 
lished by the coming of Captain Abbott's company, 
thenceforward known as " Company A." 

On the afternoon of May 14, Captain Cogswell's 
company (C) ari'ived in camp, seventy -five men; and, 

1 The liberal proposal of anotlier gentleman, who had been inquired of 
regarding an estate of his, ouglit to be noticed. " If the State of Massachu- 
setts requires any such place for the accommodation of its soldiery, for one 
year, or for three years, or during the whole term of the war now in pro- 
gress, my estate in West Roxbury, at the end of Weld Street, and opposite 
the Brook farm, is at its service, to be occupied by its artillery, cavalry, or 
infantry, without any expense to the State, —free and gratis, — and with- 
out payment of rent or taxes." — John C. Gore ^ Sons. 




SA[PI [E[S)WA[^© -SoAKS 



CAMP ANDREW. 15 

shortly after, forty-two men from Fitchburg- and vicinity, 
the first detachment of Company D, Captain Savage. 
In the evening of the same day. Captain Whitney's 
company (F), seventy-eight men, arrived. Late at 
night — eleven o'clock — on the 15th, Captain Under- 
wood brought Company I, eighty -two men. On the 
20th, Company E, from Mcdway, eighty men, came to 
camp. This company had been raised in April, and had 
chosen its own officers. But, concluding to enter the 
regiment, it agreed, as the condition of acceptance, to 
take the officers designated by Colonel Gordon. These 
were, Samuel M. Quincy, captain, who came to be 
colonel, but found his health so shattered by wounds 
received at Cedar Mountain, and by rebel captivity, 
that he could not endure the hardships of field service, 
and became assistant inspector-general, with the rank 
of lieutenant-colonel, and afterwards colonel of the 
Seventy-third IT. S. C. T., and subsequently brevetted 
brigadiei'-general ; William B. Williams, first lieuten- 
ant, — a captain when he fell bravely at Cedar Moun- 
tain ; and Ochran H. Howard, second lieutenant, to 
be subsequently in charge of the signal corps of a 
department. 

Captain T. J. C Aniory, United - States Army 
(afterwards brigadier - general of volunteers), being 
appointed mustering-officer, began his duty at Camp 
Andrew on the 18th, mustering in companies A, C, 
F, I, and parts of other companies. As detachments 
came, he mustered their men in. No record of the 
first date appears ; it was probably omitted because the 
reofiraent was at last mustered in as a whole. 



16 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

The companies not already mentioned came in detach- 
ments as recruited. They were organized as follows : — 

Company B, — Greely S. Curtis, captain, whom ill 
health, in 1864, drove from the service, when he was 
major in the First Massachusetts Cavalry ; Charles F. 
Morse, first lieutenant, who, after a faithful service 
(once wounded in North Carolina) , led home the regi- 
ment in 1865 ; and James M. Ellis, second lieutenant, 
who subsequently became commissary of subsistence, 
with the rank of lieutenant-colonel. 

Company D, — James Savage, jun., captain,' — a 
lieutenant-colonel, when, a true soldier and gentleman, 
he died of wounds received at Cedar Mountain ; Wil- 
liam D. Sedgwick, first lieutenant, but transferred to 
Company A before leaving camp, and succeeded by 
Henry L. Higginson, who remained in the service 
until ill health forced him to resign the commission of 
major in the First Massachusetts Cavalry ; and (after the 
promotion of Higginson) Fletcher M. Abbott, second 
lieutenant, who was eventually disabled by disease. 

Company F was officered by Charles R. Mudge, •♦ 
captain (after a brief service by J. Parker Whitney), 
who met a soldier's death while leading the regiment in 
that gallant, fatal charge at Gettysburg ; Robert G. 
Shaw, first lieutenant, who sleeps at Wagner ; and 
Thomas R. Robeson, second lieutenant, who fell with 
Mudge at Gettysburg. 

Company G was commanded by Richard Cary, who 
lingered one day after the sad 9th of August, 1862 ; 
Henry S. Russell, first lieutenant, since colonel of the 



CAMP ANDREW. 17 

Fifth Massachusetts Cavahy ; and Anson D. Sawyer, 
second lieutenant, who so long and so ably filled the 
post of quartermaster, until, in front of Atlanta, ill 
health sent him home. 

Company H, — Francis H. Tucker, captain ; Thomas 
L. Motley, jun., first lieutenant, to be permanently dis- 
abled by wounds while major in the First IMassachu- 
setts Cavalry ; and (after a brief service of Robert G. 
Shaw) Stephen G. Perkins, second lieutenant, who 
was added to the list of dead at Cedar Mountain. 

Company I had Adin B. Underwood, captain, made 
a brigadier - general for his gallant leading of the 
Thirty-third Massachusetts at Wauhatchie, where he 
was maimed for life ; Marcus M. Hawes, first lieuten- 
ant, afterwards assistant quartermaster in the Depart- 
ment of the Gulf; and Rufus Choate, second lieutenant, 
whose broken constitution and recent death were the 
price of his loyalty. 

Company K was commanded by Richard C. Goodwin, 

who left an ambulance, at Cedar ]\Iountain, to fall in 

"battle : George P. Bangs, first lieutenant, afterwards 

prostrated by disease ; and Charles P. Horton, second 

lieutenant, afterwards an assistant adjutant-general. 

The staff, in addition to the adjutant and quarter- 
master already noticed, was composed as follows : — 

Lucius M. Sargent, jun., surgeon, who, after dis- 
playing eminent ability in that post, entered the First 
Massachusetts Cavalry as captain, and fell, a lieutenant- 
colonel, near Bell Field, Va., in 18G4 ; Lincoln R. 
Stone, assistant-surgeon, eventually surgeon of volun- 



18 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

teers ; and, in June, Rev. Alonzo H. Quint, chaplain, 
whose church, at Jamaica Plain, gave lilm two years' 
leave of absence, before their final separation. 

The non-commissioned- staff was made up as follows : 

George W. Blake, a soldier in the regular service 
in the Florida and Mexican Wars, was appointed ser- 
geant-major, eventually disabled by disease ; James H. 
Fletcher, quartermaster - sergeant ; Erastus B. Carll, 
who had served five years in the Fourth United-States 
Artillery, commissary-sergeant, and earned promotion ; 
Joseph W. Nutting, hospital-steward, wlio served un- 
til he died of disease ; Henry Kesselhuth, who had 
been a soldier (and wounded) in the Brunswick service 
in the revolutions of 1848, drum-major; and Charles 
Spiegel was band-leader until regimental bands were 
discharged. That band, raised under the auspices of 
P. S. Gilmore, was a rare acquisition. 

The first sergeants of the several companies were 
these : — 

Company A, — Eben B. Whitten, killed at Cedar 
Mountain. Company B, — Joseph C. Hill, who had 
served in India, and who became an officer on the staff 
of General Rosecrans. Company C, — George B. 
Browning, severely wounded at Cedar Mountain, and 
made an officer in the Invalid Corps. Company D, — 
Theodore K. Parker, promoted for gallant conduct. 
Company E, — William R. Parsons, afterwards dis- 
charged for wounds at Antietam. Company F, — Sol- 
omon Martin, killed at Antietam. Company G, — 
Georo-e P. Southack, once a soldier in the United- 



CAMP ANDREW. 19 

States service, in Utah, disabled at Cedar Mountain. 
Company H, — Charles F. Green. Company I, — 
Everett W. Pattison, a graduate of Waterville College, 
who became captain. Company K, — William T. Mix, 
who soon died of disease contracted in the line of duty. 
Hans G. Christensen was color-sergeant, who, disabled 
by disease, shed tears as he saw, from the hospital tent 
at Darnestown, the colors carried out in battalion drill. 
' ' That flag that I have taken such care of, " he said to 
the chaplain, " I shall never carry again." He left it 
to a line of successors, in whose hands it was never 
dishonored ; the most of whom are sleeping in soldiers' 
graves. 

Of the other non-commissioned officers and the men, 
their names and deeds will be recorded by and by. 
They entered the service before the days of bounties. 
The pay they expected was eleven dollars a month. 
Some had seen service in India, before and behind the 
works of Sebastopol, in the French service, in the 
revolutions of 1848, in Florida, in Mexico, in Oregon, 
and on the Plains ; and these were ready to renew the 
hardships of march and bivouac and camp, of picket 
and reconnoissance, of skirmish and battle, of ambulance 
and hospital. To most, war was a mysterious thing, 
full of unknown terrors ; but these men were ready to 
meet them for the country's sake. No nobler, truer, 
braver men left home than these, who, led ]by such 
officers, gave the Massachusetts Second its noble 
record. 

The regiment was gradually filled. At Colonel 



20 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Gordon's head-quarters in Boston there was great activ- 
ity. The office was alive, day after day, with men, 
who, as accepted, were sent to Camp Andrew. The 
general business was pressing, but easily despatched by 
one so well versed in all military details as Colonel 
Gordon, and assisted by such a man as Major Dwight. 
At camp, Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews soon appeared, 
and took his quarters. The drill and discipline there 
fell mainly to his share of work. Sergeant Collins, 
of the United-States Sappers and Miners, was obtained 
as drill-master ; but he did not remain long, and Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Andrews himself drilled the officers, and 
had, as well as Colonel Gordon later, recitations daily. 
In fact, with their own drill, the drill of the men, 
attention to all roll-calls, guard-mounting, parade, and 
daily riecitations in tactics, the officers had little time to 
call their own. The hours of duty, as recorded, will 
show this : — 

" 4.45, A.M., Reveille ; 5.20, Inspection of quarters by 
company officers ; 5.30, Roll call of companies, and squad- 
drill ; 6.45, Surgeon's call, and signal for drill to cease ; 7, 
Signal for breakfast ; 7.40, Inspection of guard detail by first 
sergeants of companies; 7.45, Guard mounting; 8.30, Signal 
for drill by squads ; 10.30, Signal for drill by squads to cease, 
and for commissioned officers to assemble for practical instruc- 
tion ; 11.30, Signal for non-commissioned officers to assemble 
for practical instruction, the sergeant-major will call tlie roll ; 
12, M. Signal for commissioned officers to assemble for theo- 
retical instruction; 12.45, p.m., Recall, and non-commissioned 
officers' drill; 1, Signal for dinner; 3.30, Signal for drill; 
6, Signal for drill to cease ; 6.30, Signal for companies to 



CAMP ANDREW. 21 

assemble for roll-call, and inspection by company officers ; 
6.40, Adjutant's call, — signal for companies to be marched 
by captains to parade-ground ; Immediately after parade, 
supper; 9, Tattoo; 9.30, Taps." 

When the commissions were issued at tlie State 
House, those of the field officers were dated^ May 
24 ; of the surgeon, May 28 ; of the assistant surgeon, 
June 1 ; of the chaplain, June 20^; of the captains, 
May 24 ; of the first lieutenants, May 25 ; and of tlie 
second lieutenants, Ma}'^ 28. 

The colonel issued his first order under the new 
commission, as follows : — 

Headquarters Second Reg. Mass. Vols. 

Camp Andrew, West Roxbuey, May 27, 1861. 
General Orders, No. 1. 

1. The undersigned, having been duly invested with the 
proper authority, hereby assumes the command of the troops 
at this encampment. 



1 On what principle the dates were assigned was never quite understood. 
The date of the colonel's commission, when the papers were made out, was 
found to be May 24; that of the colonel of the First Regiment, May 22,— 
which, by rule, gave that regiment a nominal priority. As a matter of fact, 
Colonel Cowdin had not been mustered in on the day that Colonel Gordon 
was; at least. Captain Amory, mustering officer, so stated on the day of 
Colonel Gordon's muster. By the rule, that commissions could be given only 
after ten companies were mustered in. Colonel Cowdin's date was clearly 
wrong; for his tenth company was not mustered until the 27th, according to 
the reports of the adjutant-general, while the latest day possible to the 
Second was the 25th. In addition, the Adjutant-general's Report, issued Jan- 
uary, 1866, says tlie First Regiment " was mustered into the service of the 
United States, June 15, 1861." If this was so, the question of priority is 
settled, as the Department decided on May 25 as the date of the Second. It 
is a matter of little moment, however; both regiments honored themselves 
and Massachusetts. 

2 This date should have been earlier; the inadvertence or misunderstand- 
ing of that officer led to an error not perceived until too late to remedy. 



22 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

2. The order of rank of the captains of the Second Regi- 
ment, having been designated by authority duly delegated 
from the War Department, is hereby promulgated for the 
benefit of all concerned: 1st, Francis H. Tucker; 2d, Gree- 
ly S. Curtis ; 3d, James Savage, jun, ; 4th, Edward G. 
Abbott; 5th, Samuel M. Quincy; Cth, Richard Gary; 7th, 
William Cogswell ; 8th, J. Parker Whitney ; 9th, Adin B. 
Underwood; 10th, Richard C. Goodwin. 

By command of Colonel George H. Gordon. 

Charles R. Mudge, Acting Adjutant. 

Power indeed had been had, but, until the muster-in, 
its tenure was rather baseless. From the time of 
formal appointment, it rested on firm foundations. In 
fact, the military authority asserted, perhaps, its earliest 
prerogative over citizens in Massachusetts at this camp. 
It was when a citizen had opened a place for the sale 
of intoxicating liquors. It was w^orking mischief. So, 
after fruitless remonstrances, a squad was sent to the 
place, under an officer ; and, although outside the camp, 
unceremoniously emptied the liquors into the road, 
and so abated the nuisance. 

For the first six weeks, food was furnished to the men 
ready cooked. Suitable cooks and stewards were pro- 
vided ; and, three times a day, the men used to come to 
the proper quarters. The system was changed, how- 
ever, to fit men for actual service ; and company cooks 
were detailed. It is worthy of record, that, under the 
first system, although the groceries and some other food 
were supplied by the same dealers as supplied the Tre- 
mont and the Revere, and the extravagance of the food 
was sharply commented upon, yet the average daily 



CAMP ANDREW. 



23 



cost per man was found to have been short of twenty- 
five cents ; while contractors for some other troops had 
forty cents. The difference Avas in the oversight of 
Quartermaster Copehand. The regimental fund paid 
the bills. 

The clothing was procured, by contract, from Whit- 
ing, Galloupe, & Bliss, of Boston, and was the best the 
regiment ever had. Strong efforts were made to have 
" gray " adopted ; but Colonel Gordon was firm, — and 
the opinion of Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews supported 
him, — that the army uniform must be had. Indeed, 
when the militia was to be made ready to go to Wash- 
ington, Colonel Gordon, whose presence was asked at 
a consultation, advised the army uniform. A general 
said, " He hoped never to see the iSIassachusetts soldier 
clothed in tlie uniform of the regular army. Such an 
attempt had nearly caused a nmtiny in a Massachusetts 
re<Timent in Mexico."—" I believe," said Colonel Gor- 
don, " that the Avar is to be one of no short duration, 
and, as the troops may wear out the clothes they 
start with, it would be almost impossible for the Gover- 
nor of Massachusetts to follow each soldier to the field 
to supply a pair of INIassachusetts trousers. Besides, 
all that saved the iMassachusetts regiment in Mexico 
from returning in the 'uniform of the Georgia militia' 
(shirt collar and pair of spurs) Avas due to the fact 
that they Avcre supplied Avith United-States uniforms 
Avhich they Avore hunie." The regimental fund enabled 
Colonel Gordon to make his OAvn selections, especially 
as the regiment Avas in an anomalous position as to 



24: SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

authority. But the State subsequently assumed the cost 
of the clothing. 

It was with considerable effort that rifled muskets 
were secured; but they were obtained, — the Enfield, 
when the Enfield imported was a good piece. Gradu- 
ally it was superseded by the Sj)ringfield, of substan- 
tially the same character. 

When, after weeks of preparation, the wagons were 
brought to camp, — twenty-seven in those luxurious 
days, — and the hundred finely selected wagon-horses 
were tethered in the camp limits, the equipment was 
well-nigh complete. No such was found anywhere in 
service ; and when, in after days, wagons were cut down 
in number^ and horses turned in, and at last nudes re- 
placed the horses, the wagoners sighed, — rather tlie 
wagoner, — for the twenty-five had, under successive 
orders, dwindled to one. 

Two flags had been presented to the regiment. The 
first was on the 26th of June. The " Boston Daily 
Advertiser " gave the following account : — 

The regiment was drawn up in line of battle, and pre- 
sented a fine and soldierly appearance. Their movements all 
indicated a high state of efficiency and drill. A large 
number of spectators, including the donors and their friends, 
were present on the hill overlooking the parade-ground. At a 
quarter-past five, Mr. E. Francis Bowditch advanced towards 
Colonel Gordon, before the line, unfolding the colors to the 
bi'eeze. The battalion saluted by presenting arms, the band 
playing the " Star-Spangled Banner." The officers, having been 
ordered to the front, gathered in a group around the colonel, 
and were addressed by Mr. J. Lothrop Motley, on behalf of 
the ladies presenting the flag, as follows : — 



CAMP ANDREW. ^^ 

Colonel Gordon, Gentlemen, and Ladies : — Only three 
hours ago, I was informed, to my utter surprise, that the honor 
had hee°n conferred upon me of presenting this hanner to your 

regiment. 

I wish that some worthier and more experienced speaker 
could have performed this service. And yet I could not find 
it in my heart to deny myself the deep gratification of associ- 
ating my name, in however subordinate a degree, with this 
noble regiment and this most interesting occasion. I implore 
your forgiveness for my inability adequately to express the 
emotions°which are filling all our hearts. You will not value 
the less this gift from the fair hands of your countrywomen, 
from those who are near and dear to you, because of my 

deficiency. 

Never in my life did I so covet the divine gift of eloquence 
as on this occasion. And yet I am consoled ; for, had I the 
tongue of angels, I could not hope to match the mute elo- 
quence of those stars and those stripes. 

Nearly a century ago, there beyond the green hills, in the 
fair and ancient town of Cambridge, the seat of the Muses, 
on the 1st of January, 1776, that banner of stripes was first 
unfurled to the breeze by the great hand of Washington. 
The Continental Congress, eighteen months later, added the 
cluster of stars. Then rose that glorious constellation, never 
more to set. The starry symbol of our Union, respected 
abroad on land and sea, and idolized at home, was never 
degraded or trailed in the dust till 1861, and never by the 
hands of foreigners. Never shall living man forget how 
the hearts of all loyal Americans, whether dwelling on this 
or the other side of the Atlantic, were thrilled, as by the sound 
of the trumpet, when we first caught the response to the 
call of the president for volunteers, the voice of twenty 
millions whose bosoms were one. 

To your hands. Colonel Gordon, to your tried valor, to 
your signal ability, to your fortunate military experience on 



26 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

the field of honor, we gladly intrust these our most precious 
possessions, the bone and muscle of our ancient Common- 
wealth, and the aspirations and the ardor of the youthful 
chivalry of our State. 

We know that in your hands, and in those of your brave 
companions in arms, the welfare and honor of the whole 
country are safe. Our hearts are too full for words. Our 
hopes, our prayers, our pride, — every thing but our fears, — 
go with you. In the name of your countrywomen, I present 
to you this flag. We know that its folds will never be stained, 
that they will ever wave foremost among the foremost where 
duty and honor call. 

As I place it in your hand, I will only add the brief and 
simple phrase of the herald, in the early days of warfare and 
of chivalry, — "May God defend the Right!" 

Colonel Gordon then replied substantially as follows : — 
Sir, — In the name of the Second Regiment of Massachu- 
setts Volunteers, it becomes my duty to receive this magnifi- 
cent flag, and to respond as well as I may. I could wish that 
some one more eloquent might answer for them. But this is 
not the hour or the place for words. 

When I look upon this long line of men, eager to fight for 
their country, and in the youthful but resolute faces of these 
officers who surround me, I feel a deep sense of the responsi- 
bilities on which I have entered, and which, God willing, I 
will discharge. This flag of our country, which bears on its 
folds the glorious record of the war of the Revolution, of the 
war of 1812, and of another conquest of Mexico, has never 
been trailed in the dust before a foreign foe. It was left to 
our own countrymen to make the first record of its dishonor. 
But it still continues the flag of our country, and, God willing, 
none other shall wave defiantly before it. Never, till it was 
struck down, did we feel it to be so truly the symbol of our 
country's greatness. We had been accustomed to regard it in 
times of peace as only a symbol of our prosperity ; but, now 



CAjMP ANDREW. 27 

that the hour of trial has come, we look to it as the emblem of 
our freedom and our power. It shall never cease to wave 
over our whole country. 

We accept this flag, and Avill render our account of it here- 
after. And, sir, borrowing the sentiment of that immortal 
statesman, we will strive to defend it so that not a star shall 
be removed nor a stripe erased. 

At the conclusion of the colonel's address, the officers 
returned to their posts. The color-guard advanced, received 
the colors from Mr. Bowditch, and carried them to their posi- 
tion in the line ; and the battalion was then marched off in 
column of platoons to the parade-ground in front of the 
encampment. The companies were then dismissed, and, half 
an hour later, returned for dress-parade. At the close of 
parade, the ladies and otlier friends of the officers were invited 
to head-quarters, where they found an abundant collation. 

The flag is an unusually fine one, six feet by nine, made of 
the rifhest silk. The stars are of gold bullion, very heavy, 
embroidered on a blue field. The staff is surmounted by a 
solid silver eagle, heavily gilded, and is decorated with gold 
tassels of great richness. The flag does great credit to the 
designers and donors ; and we feel assured has been placed in 
the hands of those who will esteem it an inestimable privilege 
to carry it in the van of our army, and will never cease to 
seek their country's welfare at any personal sacrifice. 

The donors of this flag were — Mrs. llichard S. Fay, 
jun., Miss Bowditch, Mrs. P. Stevens, Mrs. James 
Lawrence, Mrs. George M. Barnard, INIiss Bartlett, 
Miss Motley, Mrs. Eben Bacon, Miss S. F. Bradlee, 
Miss Amory, Mrs. John G. Gushing, INIrs. James M. 
Codman, Miss Sargent, Mrs. J. Ingersoll Bowditch, 
jSfrs. Mudge, Mrs. Alice Bowditch, Mrs. N. T. liow- 
ditch. 



28 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

How gallantly this flag — the battle-flag — was borne, 
may be seen in its remnants at the State House. 

The State flag was presented on the 1st of July. It 
had upon one side the State arms and motto, with the 
name of the regiment; on the other, the inscription, 
" We bear the flag, and keep step to the music, of the 
Union,'" with the name of the regiment repeated. 

The donors of this flag were — Miss Gary, Mrs. 
Bangs, Misses Bangs, Mrs. Jere. Abbott, Mrs. J. M. 
Bell, Mrs. Eufus Choate, Mrs. J. E. Pratt, Mrs. Good- 
Avin, Miss Bowditch, Mrs. Henry F. Durant, Miss 
Bartlctt, Miss Adams, Miss A. Reynolds, Miss Amory, 
Misses Austen, Miss Horton, Miss Tyler, Miss Upton, 
Miss Thwing, Miss Gray, Miss Hall, Mrs. Whitmore, 
Miss Lombard, Miss Blake, Mrs. J. B. Upham, Miss 
J. Whitney, Mrs. S. H. Walley, Miss Brewer, Mrs. 
John E. Lodge, Mrs. R. C. Mackay, Mrs. T. H. 
Perkins, Mrs. Samuel Hooper, Mrs. J. T. Coolidge, 
Mrs. J. S. Coolidge, Mrs. H. Ritchie, Miss Curtis, Miss 
Abbott, Miss Higginson. 

Hon. George S. Hillard made the address of presen- 
tation, in behalf of the ladies who gave it. So far as 
preserved, his remarks were as follows: — 

Colonel Gordon, — I have been requested to present this 
flag to the regiment under your command. It is the gift of 
some of our patriotic countrywomen, who, since the breaking- 
out of this war, have shown in so many ways their high- 
souled devotion to the cause of their country. For their sake, 
as well as for the ideas which it symbohzes, I am sure it will 
have a peculiar value in your eyes. And I have much pleas- 
ure in performing this duty. I feel a special interest in the 



CAMP ANDREW. 29 

fate and fortunes of your regiment, from the fact that among 
your ranks are several of my friends and one dear kinsman. 

Upon this flag are displayed the arms of Massachusetts, a 
State which we love so well, and which so well deserves our 
love. But we love the Union none the less, but all the more, 
because of our local attachment to the particular spot in 
which our lot has been cast. Tlie affections of the heart are 
increased, and not exhausted, by use. What should we say of 
the man wdio should affirm that his love for his father was so 
great that he had none left to bestow upon his mother? 
Such, it seems to me, is the attitude of those who profess an 
allegiance to their State of such kind and degree as to be 
incompatible with an affectionate loyalty to the Union. 

The flag has also as a motto or device the words, " "We 
carry the flag, and keep step to the music, of the Union." 
You know by what eloquent lips, now sealed in death, these 
words were spoken, — words which have become proverbial 
and immortal, a part of the circulating wealth of the intellect- 
ual realm. This expression is one of those — 

" Jewels, five words long, 
That on the stretched forefinger of all time 
Sparkle for ever." 

In the quarry of that ricli and creative mind many such 
crystals of speech were elaborated, — symmetrical, glittering, 
translucent. These w^ords of the great orator, patriot, and 
statesman, are with peculiar propriety borne upon this banner, 
because his kindred and the children of his blood have been 
largely instrumental in procuring it, and because his only son 
is serving under your command. Assuredly, the father's 
spirit is well pleased with what it sees this day. 

And here I might pause ; for that which I was desired to 
do I liave done. But you and the officers and men under 
your command will permit me to maktf this occasion the text 
for a few observations which I hope may prove pertinent 
thereto. 



30 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Colonel Gordon replied appropriately, but the 'reply 
was never written out. 

The " Transcript " added : — 

" Both speeches were received with cheers ; and at the close 
the regiment was marched into the carap, and, after an inter- 
val of rest, was drawn up for the evening dress-parade, the 
execution of which excited high praise. A refresliing colla- 
tion was dispensed at head-quarters ; and the company were 
entertained by music from tlie well-trained band, until the 
shades of evening compelled them to beat an unwilling 
retreat." 

No rei^iment had warmer or kinder friends. The 
mere suggestion of any want brought immediate sup- 
ply. Money or time was not then, nor ever after, 
spared to furnish the Second with every thing tliat 
thoughtful love could imagine. Evidence of this will 
appear in the course of this record. The Second 
repaid the kindness, on many a hard-fought field. 

Nearly two months passed away in steady prepara- 
tion. Hard work, and severe — sometimes irksome — 
discipline, made it no holiday. But it had its bright 
side. Memory reproduces the spot. The guard at the 
entrance ; the head-quarters, with the sentinel walking 
his post, — a strange sight; the flagstaff where, from 
reveille to retreat, the Stars and Stripes floated ; the 
hospital in the rear of head -quarters, where surgeon and 
assistant surgeon faithfully ministered ; the winding 
road to the slope where the old tents were ranged in 
double lines with company-street between ; the cook- 
houses on the left ; the line-officers' tents crowning the 



CAMP ANDREW. 



31 



slope ; the quarters of the excellent band ; the river 
where men bathed by companies ; the drill-ground ; the 
hollow Avhere, on the sabbath, was public worship ; 
the level where, evening after evening, beauty and 
generosity watched the strange and fiiscinating parade, 

all are before the eye of such of the thousand men 

as the fixte of war has left ; a thinned band now ; and 
many that are left are scarred and maimed, to whom, 
with other thousands, their country owes eternal grati- 
tude. 

Late in the evening of the 6th of July came this 
communication : — 

Camp Gordon, July 6, 8i, p.m. 
Colonel Gordon, Second Regiment, M.V. 

Sir, — The following despatch was received at head-quar- 
ters this afternoon, at four o'clock : — 

War Department, July 6, 1861 
Adjutant-General, Mass. 

Governor Andrew has been requested [by] telegraph to 
the Brevoort House, New York, to order Colonel Gordon's 
regiment to proceed as rapidly as possible to Williamsport, 
via Chambersburg, and report to Major-General Patterson. 

WiNFiELD Scott. 

In the absence of His Excellency, I communicate the 
message. Inasmuch as they knew, at Washington, that 
your command Avas to leave on Monday, the fact of General 
Scott sending the message makes it apparent that he wished 
you to leave before; and we shall endeavor to make ar- 
rangements to enable your regiment to leave for New York, 
to-morrow, p.m. 

AVm. Scuouler, Adjutant-General. 



32 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Arrangements were not completed for tlie next after- 
noon : but, on the morning of the 8th of July, tents 
were struck ; baggage was packed ; quarters aban- 
doned ; the men formed in column ; " route step, for- 
ward I " and Camp Andrew ceased to be. 



PATTERSON'S CAMPAIGN. 33 



III. 



Patterson's campaign. 

"When, at ten o'clock on the morning of the 8th of 
July, 1861, Camp Andrew Avas abandoned, — never 
more to be occupied by troops, — the regiment marched 
a mile and a half to West-Roxbury station, on the 
Dedham Branch, to take cars for Boston. It was an 
intensely hot day, never surpassed in severity in any 
campaigns in Virginia or Georgia. At Boston, the in- 
tended line of march through the principal streets was 
wisely abandoned, although to the disappointment of 
many friends who had provided refreshments at various 
points. The regiment, under the escort of the Cadets, 
was taken only from the station, through Trcmont, 
Park, and Beacon Streets, to the southern end of the 
Beacon-street Mall, on the Common, where tables 
loaded with luxvu'ies awaited it. Partings were ended by 
and by ; and, through the densest of crowded throngs, 
the waving of flags, and the cheers of thousands, the 
regiment entered the Providence station. Wagons, 
horses, baggage, and wagoners, who had come direct- 
ly to Boston, had their own train. A tliousand 
and thirty-five men occupied theirs ; and, late in the 

3 



34 SECOND IVIASSACHUSETTS rNTANTRY. 

afternoon, the journey of years began/ with welcome 
at every station, — along the waters, which glittered in 
the' evening moonlight ; Upon the steamer at Groton, 
with but one accident, the stepping of an officer into 
the water, from which he emerged safely ; over the 
Sound through the night, and in the waters of New- 
York Bay in the morning ; landing, and a rest in City- 
Hall Park, with food for the men, while a breakfast at 
the Astor exhibited the generous love of the host for 
the Second, — to be repeated when that same spot was 
again its camp in 1863 ;' an ovation in the streets ; 
steamboat to Elizabethport ; hours of waiting there, 
with new kindnesses ; and, at eleven o'clock at night, 
on the train of the New- Jersey Central. 

Then there was a long journey across New Jersey ; 
sweeping through central Pennsylvania ; meeting the 
fires of the iron-furnaces at the gray of dawn ; dipping 
hands and bathing faces, at a short halt, in the beauti- 
ful river of the Lehigh Yalley ; dashing down the mag- 
nificent wheat-fields of the Cumberland Valley ; across 
the lovely Susquehanna, at Harrisburg ; and entering 
Hagerstown past midnight, to meet, for the first time, 
the peremptory " Halt ! " of the sentinel, before finding 
rest in the churches of that town ; on the next afternoon, 
marching to Williamsport, there to pitch the new Sib- 
ley tents on the level beside the Potomac, under the 
few guns on the bluff above ; at five next morning, 



1 On the Common, one man left. " The sheriffs of our several counties 
and their respective deputies " found "the bodj' of George H. Sweet, of Ty- 
ringham, in the county of Berkshire, a minor," by direction of " Theron 
Metcalf, J.S.J.C. " The body was alive. 



patteeson's campaign. 35 

July 12, fording tlie river, and entering that Virginia 
destined to furnish the grave of many a hero. 

It was thirteen miles to Martinsburg, and knapsacks 
■were heavy ; but, in the afternoon, that place was 
reached. The last mile was lined with lively men, the 
three-months' soldiers, who were amazed to see men 
march with knapsacks ; and when, passing through the 
town, and turning to the left, the regiment halted on a 
pleasant height, it pitched its tents among the camps of 
Patterson's eighteen thousand men. Here we obtained 
much news; viz., that "Johnston is falling back," 
that " Johnston is so chagrined at his position that he 
is continually drunk ; " that " two companies of rebels 
have deserted to our side," and other equally valuable 
information. On the 14th, the regiment w^as assigned 
to the sixth brigade, Colonel Abercrombie. 

General Patterson, who had been a captain in the 
war of 1812, and had served with credit in Mexico, was 
a Pennsylvanian, of the three-months' service. His 
forces had been collected at Chambersburg, where he 
took command on the 2d of June, and his first object 
was to dislodge the enemy from Harper's Ferry. 
When, after overcoming various obstacles, he advanced 
to Williamsport, which he reached on the 15th, the 
rebel Johnston abandoned Harper's Ferry, and fell back 
to four miles below Charlestown. On the 16th, Gen- 
eral Patterson had partially crossed the river, when he 
received a despatch, " Send all the regular troops, horse 
and foot, and the lihodc-Island Regiment to AVashing- 
ton." Thus left without a single piece of artillery, 



36 SECOND aiASSACHUSETTS USTFANTRY. 

and but one " troop " of cavalry, and sadly weakened 
by the loss of regulars, he was obliged to recross. 
After vexatious trials as to requests for re-enfbrcements 
and as to transportation, he recrossed, on the 2d of 
July, with less than eleven thousand men, and with one 
battery of smooth bores. A sharp skirmish at Falling 
Waters hardly impeded his progress ; and, the next 
day, he entered ]\Iartinsburg. When the Second 
arrived, it made, with other re-enforcements, his force 
eighteen thousand and two hundred men. The enemy 
was in some force at Bunker Hill, twelve miles from 
Martinsburg ; and had fortified Winchester, nine miles 
south of Bunker Hill. 

General Patterson was now directed to detain John- 
ston in the valley, while operations from Washington 
were directed against the enemy at Manassas. His own 
plan of transferring his command to Leesburg, thus se- 
curing Harper's Ferry ; opening a shorter line for his 
supplies ; and being in position either to re-enforce 
McDowell or to strike Johnston (if his force war- 
ranted), should that general move towards Manassas, — 
had not met Avith approval at the War Department, 
although afterwards declared by General Halleck the 
proper course. General Patterson was thus left to do 
the impossible thing of keeping at Winchester an army 
which could at liberty move out of it, on exactly the 
opposite side, to re-enforce the enemy's main army. 

On the 11th of July, he was warned from Washing- 
ton, that the rebels intended to attack, when they had 
drawn him " sufficiently far back from the river [that is, 



Patterson's campaign. 37 

towards Winchester] to render impossible his retreat 
across it on beinj^ vanquished." A council called by 
General Patterson (of whose members five afterwards 
became general officers, including Major-General Thom- 
as) unanimously opposed an advance on Winchester. 
But, as a demonstration was wanted to be made at the 
same time with JNIcDowell's attack, preparations were 
made to move forward as far as Bunker Hill, with the 
intention of afterwards moving to Charlestown. On 
Sunday evening, the 14th, orders were issued to cook 
rations ; and the camp-fires lighted hills and valleys. 
That afternoon, the Second had held its first public 
religious worship in the field ; and the same afternoon 
the sick were sent back to Williamsport. One of that 
number, Hibbard, of Company A, was the first who 
died after the regiment had left home : it was on the 
5th of August. 

JSIarch in the morning. The army was on two par- 
allel roads. Arrived at the dirty hamlet of Bunker 
Hill in the afternoon. Pickets thrown out till they 
encountered Johnston's. Bivouacked that niMit. A 
gentle shower rather impaired its efiect, — a new expe- 
rience then. 

The next day, the IGth, was the day designated by 
General Scott. Tlie battle was supposed to be fought. 
Johnston was still at Winchester; so, on the 17th, the 
army moved to Charlestown, where it would be as 
well situated in reference to Winchester, and decidedly 
better as to itself. The Second was in colunm at tiu-ee 
A.M., and moved at eleven. Those were the davs of 



38 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

trains : when the head had reached Charlestown, eight 
miles off, three miles of the column had yet to start ! 
At Middle way, the people scowled at the flag ; at 
Charlestown, the women scowled and spit. At eleven 
at night, the Second bivouacked just westward of the 
town. " We haven't had such a crowd," said the 
people next day, " since John Brown was hung." 
John Brown was their standard topic ; and the soldiers 
were curious. They carried off, in small bits, a timber 
of the gallows frame. Perhaps they never discovered 
that they had got the wrong stick ; but as to the place 
of execution, which thousands visited, there was no 
mistake. 

When General Patterson found that the battle had 
not been fought, he issued orders for "rations cooked, 
and in haversacks ; and to prepare to march imme- 
diately." This was on the 18th : but his men's time 
was out, or nearly so ; they w^ould not move towards 
the enemy. He entreated and expostulated, but in 
vain. All he could do, therefore, was to fall back 
to Harper's Ferry. When Johnston actually left 
Winchester, Patterson telegraphed the fact to General 
Scott. 

On the 18th, in the afternoon, the Second was 
ordered alone to Harper's Ferry. It camped in the 
superintendent's grounds that night. On Sunday, 
the 21st, General Patterson came with his whole force. 
The Second moved across the road, and bivouacked. 
On the 23d, Colonel Gordon was placed in command 
of the post, with the Second "as temporary garrison." 



Patterson's CAMrAiGN. 39 

Among other incidents, thirteen fugitive slaves had ac- 
companied the army to Harper's Ferry. Their owners 
came for them ; and General Patterson ordered that the 
masters have all assistance. The fugitives were sent 
back to their rebel owners. That same week, the 
battle of Bull Run was fought ; and the o^vners of 
some of those very slaves were in the rebel army that 
day. 

General Patterson long suffered under public censure 
for his military conduct ; but the simple facts were 
these, — he was long delayed, before entering Vii'ginia, 
by somebody's failure to supply transportation : his 
best troops and all his artillery were taken away ; 
when he was — though inadequately — supplied and 
armed, he necessitated the evacuation of Harper's 
Ferry by the enemy; his chosen plan — to go to Lees- 
burg — was absurdly refused ; placed in front of Win- 
chester, his strength was inferior to that of the enemy, 
who had also the advantage of fortifications. To at- 
tack was suicidal ; and he was even cautioned, from 
Washington, that the enemy was trying to draw him 
on. He was du-ected to detain Johnston at Winchester, 
lest he should re-enforce the enemy at jNIanassas ; when 
the road to Manassas lay directly on the opposite side 
of Winchester, and entirely beyond the least possibility 
of being disturbed. A day was assigned by General 
Scott on which this work would be consummated ; 
and on that day Johnston was still at Winchester. 
Patterson's men were going out of service ; and went im- 
mediately, in spite of his entreaties. And, in his whole 



40 SECOND ]SL\SSACHUSETTS INTANTRY. 

movement, lie had then, as in 1864, the approval of 
George H. Thomas, — then on his staff, now major-gen- 
eral, — whose opinion is decisive. The people demanded 
a reason for the failure at Bull Run ; and stupidity in 
Eastern Virginia threw the blame on General Pat- 
terson. 

A flag was presented to the Second, at Harper's 
Ferry. The loyal women of that town had secretly 
made a flag, to be given to the first national regiment 
which should enter Harper's Ferry. 

This flag, during the occupation of the town by the 
traitor army, was secretly sent for safe keeping to Fred- 
erick City, Maryland. It was brought back, after the 
occupation of Harper's Ferry by the Massachusetts 
Second. The occasion of the presentation was one of 
unusual interest. The citizens assembled in the square, 
on the evening of July 24 ; and Colonel Gordon, 
accompanied by the ofiicers of the regiment, the band, 
and the color-bearer, went down from head-quarters to 
receive the flag. 

It was presented to the color-bearer, and saluted, 
while the band jjlayed the Star Spangled Banner. One 
of the ladies, Miss Annie Marlatt, then spoke as 
follows : — 

Soldiers of the Union : Thankful that you have come here 
to protect our homes and our firesides, and in view of your 
kind and manly bearing toward us, we, the ladies of Harper's 
Ferry, take pleasure in presenting you this banner, — the 
Stars and Stripes which our forefathers, our Washington, and 
our kinsmen, both North and South, fought under. Take it, 
and may you preserve it unblemished ; and may it be a beacon 



Patterson's campaign. 41 

of protection to life, liberty, and Jiappiness, wherever it may 
float ! You may then rely upon the prayers, blessings, and 
good wishes of the ladies of Harper's Ferry. 

Colonel Gordon then replied as follows : — 

We are proud, ladies of Harper's Ferry, to receive from 
your hands this emblem of our unbroken nationality. Tlie 
presentation of our nation's color on Virginia soil, by Virgini- 
aus, to a regiment of patriotic. Union-loving soldiers /rem 
Massachusetts, is significant. It is an appeal, by men and 
women of Virginia, to jMassachusetts soldiers, to protect them 
in their constitutional rights and privileges against the treas- 
onable efforts of rebels, who are represented by that despicable 
secession-rag that dares to flaunt its accursed folds upon our 
nation's soil. 

Ladies of Virginia, we accept this color with the responsi- 
bilities that it brings. Our fathers and your fathers fought 
together to establish the govei-nment which the old Star- 
spangled Banner represents ; and, so long as life shall linger 
in a single Northern heart, so long we swear to uphold this 
flag ; and accord to you the protection it is able to offer ! 

Let the old flag float to the breeze, and wave for ever over 
our country ; insuring protection to life, liberty, and property, 
under the Constitution of the United States ! 

Company I, Captain Underwood, was temporarily 
detached the day after reaching Harper's Ferry. It 
was sent off, on canal-boats, to the mouth of the Mono- 
cacy, where it did vigilant service in capturing contra- 
band supplies. Although repeatedly destroyed (by 
rumor), it returned, a few weeks afterwards, entirely 
unharmed. 

On tlie 25th of July, ^lajor-General Banks took 
command. On the 28th, he took the whole force 



42 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

(except the Second, which was to remain) over the 
Potomac. The force then was : " Three companies of 
cavahy, 19th New York, 28th New York, 12th New 
York, 5th New York, 21st Pennsylvania, Phode-Island 
Battery," and " Colonel Stone's brigade." The next day, 
the " three companies of the 2d Massachusetts Volun- 
teers, will be stationed as a garrison in Harper's Ferry, 
and the detachment of the 2d Cavalry [20 men] now 
there, the whole under the command of Lieutenant- 
Colonel Andrews, 2d Massachusetts Regiment. The 
remaining companies of that regiment, and three guns 
of the Rhode-Island Battery, will be stationed under 
the command of Colonel Gordon of the 2d jNIassachu- 
setts Volunteers, upon the plateau on the Maryland 
side, west of the Maryland Heights. The troops on the 
plateau will be provided with tents, and the necessary 
outfit for remaining there permanently." The station 
was occupied, — but the "tents" did not appear. The 
trains were, with the rest of the division, in Pleasant 
Valley. 

The Second passed one night in a half-destroyed 
arsenal building. It held public worship there, near 
night, when " Old Hundred " rolled up from near a 
thousand voices, under the crash of a mighty thunder- 
storm. When it crossed, the next day, it was by an old 
ford, re-opened, which had been used by the Virginia 
troops in 1775. 

The campaign was ended. The enemy held the val- 
ley — and ]\Ianassas. 



WATCHING THE RIVER. 



43 



IV. 

WATCHING THE RIVER. 

General Banks's division was camped, in tlie early 
part of August, mainly in Pleasant Valley, which lay 
behind ]Marylan(l Heights. On a ridge there, looking 
eastward across the Potomac, were the general's head- 
quarters ; and near by was Doublcday (afterwards 
general) with his guns, — one thirty-two pounder 
amono- them, whose shots used to startle the citizens of 
Loudon County. Doublcday left on the 2Gth of 
August. The three-months' men went, and the three- 
years' men came. jNIassachusetts sent the 12th and 
13th. 

But the Second was stationed on the plateau over- 
looking Harper's Ferry ; without wagons or tents, on 
account of the exposed position of the place. From 
the road under the heights (the road by which Lieu- 
tenant Jones had moved off after firing the arsenals), a 
crooked path led up the hill a mile or so, by the beau- 
tiful spring, to Unsel's house, — the house at whose 
o-ate John Bkoavn had stopped to make inquiries. 
Half a mile beyond was the schoolhouse under whose 
floor John Brown had hid his arms. 

Here were three weeks of bivouac, hard work, plenty 



44 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

of rain, and scanty bacon-skies of a very poor quality. 
The hard fare was the fault of nobody in the regiment. 
Every effort was made to secure better. Colonel Gor- 
don had early tauglit his officers, "Your first duty is not 
to see that your quarters are ready, but your men's ; 
not to get your supper, but to see that your men have 
theirs." But when quarters were shelters of boughs, 
and nobody had any supper, little could be done. The 
only decent shelter was the ingenious contrivance of the 
band. 

The hospital was established in the little brick house 
which stood by the canal-lock under the cliff. It was 
full, — not of Massachusetts men only, but from the 
remnants of the three-months' men. Surgeon Sargent 
was in charge ; Assistant-Surgeon Stone was on de- 
tached service at Hagerstown. Of that building, not 
a brick I'emains. 

r Colonel Gordon still commanded the post of Harper's 
Ferry ; and Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews occupied the 
Armory grounds, over the ford, with companies A, C, 
and G. Picket-duty, drill, and the brightest polish ever 
possible on brass, was the daily business. Rebel prison- 
ers were kept in the engine-house which John Brown 
had made his fortress, in whose walls the holes he had 
jDierced for his muskets still remained. The fire which 
had destroyed the other buildings had left this one un- 
touched. Was it prophetic? 

The regiment was a part of the second brigade, 
Colonel (afterwards General) Abercrombie, Department 
of the Shenandoah. Brigade head-quarters were five 
miles off, behind the hills. 



-WATCHING THE RIVER. 45 

There were various alarms, and once a sharp skirmish 
across the river, with none of the Second hurt. Noth- 
ing more than picket, guard, drill, and supporting the 
battery on the crest, and the first coming of the pay- 
master, — until the 17th of August, when the whole 
force was to be restationed along the river. The first 
disposition of it Avas as follows (by order dated Aug. 
18) : Colonel Kcnly at Williamsport, Colonel Leonard 
at Sharpsburg, Colonel Gordon at Sandy Hook, Col- 
onel Geary at Point of Rocks, Colonel Donnelly at 
Berlin, Colonel Thomas at Urbana, General Hamilton 
at Buckeystown, Colonel Abercrombie at Hyattstown. 
But some of these were soon changed. The Second, 
on the evening of the 17th, Avas moved around the 
Heights, to Sandy Hook, to remain a few days. As 
the companies were to be withdrawn from Harper's 
Ferry, Herr's flour-mills were destroyed. A great 
quantity of flour was sent off, and forty or fifty thou- 
sand bushels of wheat and " offal " destroyed to prevent 
its use by the enemy. 

On the 19th, there was "information, that the rebels 
are marching on Harper's Ferry, six thousand strong." 
Colonel Gordon made preparations with his regiment, 
and sent for two pieces of artillery, as authorized. 
" Don't retire entirely without making your enemy feel 
you," telegraphed Fitz-John Porter. Colonel Gordon 
requested Colonel , who was to leave Williams- 
port for Buckystovvn, to come by the way of Sandy 
Hook, as there was prospect of a fight ; but the Colonel 
replied, "It would be out of the way to go so far down 



46 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTAJNTRr., 

the river." The commander of the Twenty-eighth New 
York, however, who had sent information, sent Avord 
also, "If you have a good strong show for a fight, let us 
know ; we will come up with what little force we can 
muster that are not shoeless." But nothing came of 
the matter. 

Relieved by Colonel Geary, the Second and the 
Twenty-eighth New York proceeded to join their brig- 
ades at Hyattstown, camping the first night at Jefferson, 
the second at Buckeystown, and on the third — after 
being drenched by a pouring rain all day, hearing driv- 
ers swear their teams out of a difficult slough, and 
seeing a liquor shop emptied by order — turned into 
Hall's Field, which was very wet. Pitched tents there 
next day, — as it proved, to stay for nearly two months. 
Water from the well was ten cents a bucket, till General 
Banks interfered. From the 25th of August to the 6th 
of September, Colonel Gordon commanded the brigade, 
which consisted of the Second, the 12th Massachusetts 
(Colonel Fletcher Webster), 12th and 16th Indiana, 
and (from the 15th of September) the 1st Pennsylvania 
Battery. 

On the 13th of September, General McClellan's 
order said, " Commanders of divisions, brigades, and 
regiments are directed to give their personal attention 
to prepare their commands to take the field. All 
unnecessary baggage will be disposed of." The Second 
prepared, and took the field, — "Hall's Field ;" also, the 
well from which water had been sold to the soldiers at 
ten cents a bucket. 



WATCHING THE RIVER. 47 

General Banks commanded from Tenallytown to 
near Poolsville, where General Stone was met. lie 
had to watch the river, so the usual picketing was done. 
There was drill three times a day (with knapsacks, 
by order of General Banks, on the 23d of Septem- 
ber). Officers' recitations (which General Abercrom- 
bie's order of Sept. 23 extended to the other regiments 
in the brigade) were regularly had. On the 25th, 
a re-organization of General Banks's force took place. 
First brigade, General Abercrombie : 12th Massachu- 
setts, 16th Indiana, 12th Indiana, 30th Pennsylva- 
nia, 1st Pennsylvania Battery, the Van Alen (N.Y.) 
Cavalry, and, subsequently, the 66th Pennsylvania. 
Second brigade. General Hamilton : 9th New- York 
State Militia, 3d "Wisconsin, 13th Massachusetts, 4th 
Connecticut, 29th Pennsylvania, and Best's Battery 
(4th United-States Artillery). Third brigade. Colonel 
Gordon : 2d Massachusetts, 28th New York, 19th 
New York (afterwards changed into 3d New- York 
Artillery), 5th Connecticut, 46th Pennsylvania, and, 
afterwards, Rhode-Island Battery A. On the same 
day, the quarter-master of the Second, K. Morris 
Copeland, was made assistant adjutant-general on 
General Banks's staff. On the 15th of October, Briga- 
dier-General A. S. Williams was assigned to the third 
brigade. For three years the Second was in his com- 
mand, and he kept their respect. Brave, cool, genial, 
experienced in INIexico, he was a favorite. If not, he 
would never have got the pet title of "Papa," — short- 
ened by and by into "Pap." When the men, in after 



48 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

years, used to say "Here comes 'Pap,'" they felt that 
matters would go on right ; and " Pap " knew and be- 
lieved in the Second.^ 

Around Plall's Field gathered traders. Barns and 
sheds were filled with various kinds of merchandise. 
Butter, eggs, and milk were sold at prices wonderful to 
the old farmers. Tobacco was a staple ; and cooked 
eatables sold handsomely. And a sergeant of the 
Second got married to a Massachusetts woman, — the 
chaplain officiating, of course. 

The whole division was put into good shape, in 
doing which, some of the non-commissioned officers of 
the Second were detailed to drill new regiments. It 
was in this vicinity, that a colonel was sadly annoyed 
once. The colonel formally complained to the colonel of 
an adjoining regiment, that the men of the latter so dis- 
tm'bed him, on the night before, that he could not sleep. 
"Pll punish them,*' said the latter ; " but what did they 
do?" — "Why, there was one of your sentries who kept 
calling out, ' Corporal of the guard, post four ! ' At last, 



1 Alpheus Starkey "Williams, bom at Saybrook, Conn., Sept. 20, 
1810, son of Ezra and Hepzibah (Starkej') AVilliams. • His father died in. 
1818. Alpheus graduated at Yale College in 1831; was in Europe from 1834 
to 1836; was a lawyer, judge of probate, &c. ; bought the "Detroit Daily 
Advertiser," and edited it; in 1847, was in the Mexican war as lieutenant- 
colonel, First Michigan Volunteer Infantry; returned, July, 1848; post- 
master at Detroit, 1848 to 1852; in mercantile business until 1861; was 
appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, 17th May, 1861, and had charge 
of Camp of Instruction at Detroit until September, 1861, Avhen he reported 
to General Banks; was assigned to command of division, 20th March, 1862; 
commanded the corps at Antietam after General Mansfield's fall; was 
breveted major-general in 1864; was in Sherman's campaigns to Atlanta, 
Savannah, and Virginia. 



WATCHING THE EIVER. 49 

I went out to stop his noise ; but without effect." — 
"What did you say to him?"— "I said, 'My friend, 
if you want corporal of the guard, post four, why don't 
you go after him, instead of disturbing people's sleep 
this way ? ' " The colonel of the disturbing regiment 
stared; but, finding the other serious, gave emphatic 
utterance in two words, the second of which was 
"fool." Such were some of the early officers. 

There were reviews occasionally : and, on the 26th 
of September, Fast Day, the whole division met for 
public worship, when half a dozen chaplains officiated 
(the chaplain of the Second preaching, by choice of 
the major-general) ; and Holmes's Army Hymn was 
sung as he never heard it. 

On the 27th, Captain Abbott was sent to Boston to 
obtain recruits, and succeeded very well: he returned 
the latter part of October. 

Here Surjjeon Sarfjent left the regiment. Unflas^ging 
devotion to duty, night and day, — for the hospital 
tents were filled with typhoid cases, — saved lives ; but 
it broke his health. He left, with the regrets of all : a 
skilful surgeon, a generous man, of cultivated powers ; 
too easily affected by sympathy, though it never made 
his hand tremble, — he was a loss. The regiment 
always remembered him ; and the old men of the 
Second were sad when he — then lieutenant-colonel of 
cavalry — fell in battle, in 1864. For a short period 
(Dr. Stone being at Ilagerstown on hospital duty), 
Assistant-Surgeon William 11. Bennett, of the Fifth 
Connecticut, was with the regiment, being assigned 

4 



50 SECOND HIASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Sept. 24. He was then, and afterwards, one of the 
best surgeons and truest men in the army, Assist- 
ant-Surgeon McLellan served, also, a short time, Avith 
acceptance. Soon, Francis Leland, of Milford, Mass., 
came out as surgeon, — to be wounded at Cedar Moun- 
tain, and, after a faithful service, to leave, from pros- 
tration of health. 

On the 15th of October, Colonel Gordon issued an 
order regarding gambling. "A vice so pernicious in 
its results upon individual character," he said, "cannot 
be indulged in without depraving the man, and un- 
fitting him for the discharge of the sacred duty ujoon 
which he has entered. That which is a recognized 
crime at home should be, to New-England men, a 
crime anywhere. A regiment of gamblers cannot 
fight like patriots. All gambling, of any kind, for 
money or valuables, with cards or by any other 
implements, is hereafter strictly prohibited in this 
regiment." 

On the 13th of October, General Banks said, "This 
division may be called upon to move at any time 
within the next twenty-four hours." It was not, how- 
ever. 

On the 21st, an official wrote to the colonel, "I_ 
thought you would like to know that General Stone 
and his army are at Leesburg, — but very slight fight- 
ing." We should have liked to know it ; but we did 
not. That evening came an order to cook rations ; 
and, at eight o'clock, another to leave tents and 
wagons, and "move at once, without baggage; leave a 



WATCHING THE RIVER. 51 

ofuard to come on with tents and baggage, rations, <S;c. 
Take what rations you can in haversacks." The reo-i- 
ment was on the road immediately, at the head of the 
column. At Poolsville, met stragglers. By the road 
were tired soldiers, resting by fires, from whom we 
learned of the disaster at Ball's Bluff. At 3i, a.m, 
the regiment was at Conrad's Ferry ; reported to Gen- 
eral Hamilton, and was stationed up and down the 
river. Across the river was the bluff, sixty feet high, 
where gallant men had been uselessly sacrificed; 
where Colonel Baker had said, "Had I two more 
Massachusetts regiments, I could beat them yet." He 
had 'two splendid ones, the Fifteenth and Twentieth. 
Frorri Harrison's Island the wounded were coming. 
Men of the Second crossed the river in skiffs, and 
brought back fugitives, then hiding under the bank. 

The next day McClellan came. 

On the 23d, came an order to move to Edwards's 
Ferry : " The enemy threaten us in force ; send two of 
your regiments, especially the Second Massachusetts." 
So the regiment marched six miles that night ; and, the 
same night, marched back again. Most of the division 
were at Edwards's Ferry. 

On the 26th, the division was ordered back to Darnes- 
towTi. Major D wight led with pioneers. The Second, 
on that day assigned to Colonel Abercrombie's brigade, 
camped that night at Dawsonville ; the next, at Seneca 
Creek, three miles from Darnestown, for duty on the 
river ; and changed camp in November, in a fallacious 
hope of getting out of the malaria of the river. 



52 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRT. 

Thanksgiving Day came while there ; and Major 
Dvvight, then in command (Colonel Gordon was absent, 
and Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews severely sick) , issued 
this order, in which, after reciting General Banks's 
order, he said : — 

" Pursuant to the foregoing suggestions and authority, the 
usual drills will be dispensed with to-morrow ; and there will 
be a religious service, at ten o'clock, to-morrow morning, to be 
followed by the usual Thanksgiving dinner. It is to be hoped 
that the officers and men of this regiment will unite in revi- 
ving all the memories and associations which belong to the 
time-honored home-festival of New England ; and in public 
thanksgiving and praise for all the blessings which iiave 
followed them since they left the homes which this festival 
recalls." 

So the company down by the river's bank was relieved 
by Indiana men, and came back to camp. Public wor- 
ship was held at ten o'clock ; and the Proclamation was 
read, ending, " God save the Commonwealth of Massa- 
chusetts ! " And there was a dinner. Ninety-four 
turkeys, weighing nine hundred and seventy-three 
pounds ; seventy-six geese, weighing six hundred and 
sixty-six pounds ; seventy-three chickens, weighing one 
hundred and seventy-six pounds, — all cooked in the 
stone ovens built by the men, — were followed by 
ninety-five plum puddings, weighing eleven hundred 
and seventy-nine pounds ; with apples, nuts, figs, and 
raisins. In the afternoon, there was prize-shooting, 
and games of ball ; and, in the evening, dancing, to 
the music of the band. And a mail, bringing six hun- 



WATCHING THE RIVER. 53 

dre3 and two letters and nearly five hundred papers. 
And at taps all was quiet. 

Rumors of removal were welcomed. The bad air of 
the river was telling severely upon the health of the 
men. The hospital was full. Lieutenant-Colonel 
Andrews was seriously ill. We had changed camp, on 
the 12th of November, for the sake of health. When 
orders came to send the sick away, by canal, march- 
ing orders were known to be near. On the thirtieth day 
of November, the first party left for Alexandria. Over 
twenty of the Second formed part of the two hundred 
assembled, according to orders, before noon. The 
wind swept bitingly down the valley, and the sick 
men shivered. No boat came until near night. Some 
from the Second built fires under the lee of a great 
rock, to the injury of a growling sutler's pie-boxes ; 
and tea was made, and beef-tea. Just before dark, a 
boat came from the next lock. But it was wet. A 
few cornstalks were got ; but sentries stopped that 
in belialf of the rebel owner, who was in prison on a 
charge of treason. Those were the days of love for 
enemies. The men were lowered into the wet boat, all 
huddled so closely that the last man out had barely 
standing room. Some died that miserable night. No 
Government provision was made (for nobody knew the 
boat was coming) at Alexandria ; but the noble Sani- 
tary was there, its officers having been written to by 
the chaplain of the Second in belialf of his own men. 
The whole transaction was a case of the grossest mis- 
management. An attempt was made to have it inves- 



54 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IKFANTRY. 

tigated ; but it was smothered. The surgeon of the 
Second had done his duty, however. 

The second party went up the river two days after 
Assistant-Surgeon Stone had chai'ge ; and every thing 
was done perfectly. But one of the Second died next 
day at Frederick ; and Wisconsin men fired the volleys 
over his grave. 

It "has already been said that "no regiment had 
warmer or kinder friends." Those friends followed 
it with their gifts to the field. In October, 1861, 
began a series of supplies which never ceased. The 
following note refers to a gift received that month. 

Boston, 22d October, 1861. 

I send you, my dear sir, one thousand pairs of socks, col- 
lected in ten days, for your regiment, with my very best wishes 
for its prosperity and success ; and, with my kind regards to 
yourself, am. Sincerely your friend, 

Evans House. * E. HENDERSON OtiS. 

' The kindness of Mrs. Otis continued. When it is 
remembered that this regiment was but one of the large 
number for which this lady devoted her time, her labor, 
and her means, gratitude appreciates the additional 
lustre given to the historic name she bears. 

In the same month, the following letter was re- 
ceived : — 

Colonel George H. Gordon, — Several ladies in Bos- 
ton, interested, as' every one is, in the comfort and welfare of 
our soldiers, are desirous to do something to add to the pro- 
vision made by the Government for the Massachusetts Second 



WATCHING TILE RIVER. 55 

Regiment ; and, in order that their work and supplies may be 
really useful, they venture to ask Colonel Gordon to send a list 
of articles, constantly important to the comfort of the men, 
not supplied at all, or in insufficient quantities, by Govern- 
ment, indicating what is now most imperatively needed, and 
at what intervals particular articles will need renewing. The 
more promptly this information can be given, the sooner arti- 
cles will be forwarded. 

An association of ladies in Boston will be formed, by 
which efforts will be made to supply the Second Regiment 
regularly with clothing, or other things necessary for its com- 
fort. A knowledge of their wants is necessary before any 
thing will be done, and therefore an immediate answer will be 
gladly received. 

Address Mrs. George H. Ticknor, Park Street, Boston. 

Colonel Gordon will oblige the ladies by giving an exact 
address, if possible, and the safest mode of transport. 

Oct. 7, 1861. 

To that " very kind and considerate proposition," 
Colonel Gordon replied on the 10th, advising that their 
gifts should take the form of woollen undershirts, draw- 
ers, socks, and articles of that substantial kind, rather 
than that of supplies of a more perishable kind, or which 
would only incumber a soldier. " Upon examination," 
said he, " of flannel undershirts furnished Government, I 
find them thin, flimsy things, poorly adapted to guard 
against inclemency of the season ; " at the same time, 
expressing " heartfelt gratitude for the kindness of the 
oflfer, and leaving the ladies, under the circumstances 
set forth, to act as in their judgment may seem wise, 
and intimating that, after an engagement with the 



56 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

rebels, there may arise necessities not now in exist- 
ence." 

The " Regimental Aid Association " (for the Second) 
was soon formed. It included the following ladies : 
Mrs. J. G. Abbott, Mrs. Jere. Abbott, Mrs. G. P. 
Bangs, Mrs. Joseph M. Bell, Miss Bowditch, Mrs. W. 
S. Bullard, Mrs. Richard Gary, Miss Gary, Mrs. James 
Codman, Mrs. B. R. Curtis, Mrs. C. P. Curtis, Mrs. 
J. F. Curtis, Miss A. Davis and Miss S. Davis, Mrs. 
William Dvvight, Mrs. William Endicott, jun., Mrs. O. 
Goodwin, Mrs. William Gray, Mrs. S. E. Guild, Miss 
E. Q. Guild, Mrs. O. W. Holmes, Miss H. E. Hovey, 
Mrs. G. R. Kendall, Mrs. W. S. Lewis, Mrs. C. G. 
Loring, Miss I. Loring, Mrs. S. T. Morse, Miss A. 
Motley and Miss E. Motley, Mrs. E. R. Mudge and 
Miss Mudge, Mrs. F. Parkman, Mrs. S. Parkman, 
Miss E. T. Parker, Miss A. Patterson, j\Irs. Edward 
N. Perkins, Mrs. George H. Peters, Mrs. J. E. Pratt, 
Mrs. A. S. Putnam, Mrs. J. Quincy, Miss Sarah 
Read, Mrs. William Robeson, Mrs. W. B. Rogers, 
Mrs. C. F. Shimmin, Mrs. W. H. Swift, Mrs. Tick- 
nor and Miss Ticknor, Miss S. E. Thacher, Mrs. Nat. 
Thayer, Mrs. P. R. Walbach, Mrs. Charles E. Ware, 
Mrs. J. S. Warren, Mrs. W. F. Whitney, Miss M. 
Wigglesworth and Miss A. Wigglesworth, Mrs. I^ijah 
Williams, Miss S. D. Williams. 

From this association, box after box continued to 
come. Many of the soldiers of the Second,- in the 
picket or guard duty of the winters, were warmer for 
the kind gifts of those ladies. " I enclose a list," wrote 



TVATCIIINO THE RIVER. 57 

the secretary, in February, 1862, "of the members 
of tlie association whose hberality and energy have 
provided these comforts, wishing the men to know that 
I am only an agent of many of their friends. . . . AVe 
take much pride in the reputation of the regiment, and 
feel how trying this long inaction is to both officers and 
men in this inclement season, since in our quiet homes 
we find it so difficult to wait." That list is inserted, 
that the sohliers of .the Second may know to whose 
kindness they were indebted. That a more particular 
account of their donations is not inserted is due to the 
delicacy which requested it. 

Other friends were ready to help. The chaplain was 
requested by friends at home to make known any 
wants he might find. Rarely was he without the 
means, while in Virginia or Maryland, to assist the sur- 
geons in procuring food for the hospital, when such 
food could be found ; and many were the gifts which 
came from various sources. 

Some companies had special friends. The men of D 
experienced particular kindness from the parish of Rev. 
J. F. Clarke, of Boston; E, from the people of Medway. 
But worthy of particular mention was the "Soldiers 
Aid Association," of Lowell, the home of Company 
A. This was one of the two earliest, if not the earli- 
est organization of the kind in the country. It was 
formed, with a large subscription fund, immediately 
after the fall of Sumter, with a view of supplying every 
soldier from Lowell with all that was needed for his 
comfort, efficiency, and health. Their work was excel- 



58 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS D^ANTKY. 

lently done ; especially valuable in the days when the 
supply departments of the Government had not expand- 
ed to the needs of a vast and suddenly raised army. 
Of this association, Judge Crosby was the president. 
Company A shared in its bounty. "As Chairman of 
the Committee on Correspondence and Forwarding, for 
nearly two years," says Mr. William G. Wise, "I was 
in communication with Captain Abbott, of Company A, 
of your regiment, and can truly say that no officer with 
whom I corresponded evinced so deep solicitude for 
the comfort and welfare of his men, and so intelligently 
anticipated their wants. ^ A few days before Cap- 
tain Abbott was killed, I received a letter from him, 
stating his need of fifteen men to recruit his company. 
With the aid of the mayor and other gentlemen, we 
procured the men, who left Lowell to join Company A 
the day he was shot." It was through Mr. Wise's effi- 
ciency that Company A was the first company in the 
army to sign an official "allotment " roll. He went to 
Washington, found that no rolls had been printed, 
although a form was in type ; prevailed on a staff officer 
to cut red tape, and give him an order on the public 
printer to print a few copies ; took those copies to 
Poolsville, in company with Mr. Coffin (Carleton) ; 
followed on to Harrison's Landing, and started the roll 
in Company A, left in charge of Lieutenant Francis, 
"who faithfully attended to it." The money allotted 

1 It ought to be mentioned, — for few knew it, — that officers of the 
Second repeatedly paid, from their own pockets, for supplies for their mea 
when not furnished by Government. 



WATCHING THE RIVER. 59 

was made payable to G. W. Stickney, Esq., President 
of the Railroad Bank, Lowell.^ Mr. Wise afterwards 
entered the army himself. 



1 The former chaplain may be pardoned for stating the fact, that his 
memoranda show an account rising one hundred tiiousand dollars which 
passed through his hands, as sent home by express; for each individual 
package of which he took the receipt of the express company. lie would 
be ashamed to say that his agency did not cost a soldier a single cent, were 
it not that a percentage was demanded and paid for such service in some 
regiments. Of this amount, only one package, of forty dollars, failed to reach 
its destination ; which the express company immediately made good. Henry 
A. Rice, Esq. (Denny, Rice, & Co.), of Boston, kindly deposited in savings 
banks all moneys sent him for that purpose, and preserved the bank-books 
until called for. 



60 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



V. 



THE FIRST WINTER. 

On the 4th of December, 1861, the brigade started 
for Frederick. The first night, a cold one, at Barnes- 
vllle. At dawn, just as old Sugar-Loaf was showing 
himself, the regiment went down into the mists around 
his base. A brisk march brought the regiment to near 
Frederick, to wait three hours and a half in a bleak 
wind, until the responsible officer could be discovered, — 
in front of a nice coal fire in his chamber at a Frederick 
hotel,. — to tell where to camp. Then, after retracing 
steps for a mile or two, pitched tents by the Monocacy, 
at the Junction. The next day, crossed on a light 
bridge ; marched four or five miles ; stacked arras in a 
pleasant wood, four miles east of Frederick by the 
Baltimore pike, and stayed there three months. 

Winter-quarters were not allowed ; but eventually 
the men Avere permitted to make themselves comfort- 
able, though under canvas the whole winter.^ The 



1 As a matter of interest, the savings of flour by the reginaent, in three 
months, are given: October, 38 bbls., 139 lbs.; November, 34 bbls., 174 lbs.; 
December, 23 bbls., 173 lbs. Difl'erent rations these from the seven hard 
bread per day of 1864-5. 



THE FIRST WIKTER. 61 

magnificent Sanitary Commission met the wants of the 
hospital. On the 6th, an order of General Abercrora- 
bie established the title of " Camp Hicks." The Second 
was on the west ; then the 16th Indiana, the 30th 
Pennsylvania, and the 12th Massachusetts. The 12th 
Indiana was substituted for the 30th Pennsylvania. Of 
the four regimental commanders, Lucas, of the 12th 
Indiana, Hackleman, of the 16th Indiana, and Webster, 
of the 12th INIassachusetts, have fallen in battle. The 
3d Wisconsin was doing provost-duty in Frederick. A 
brigade was three or four miles south of General Aber- 
crombie's, and other troops several miles west of 
Frederick. 

All winter the usual routine went on, — guard-duty, 
parade, drill, recitations. These were varied by visits, 
to Frederick, of officers and men in turn. Invitations 
there ; concerts by the bands of the Second and 
Twelfth ; receptions by General Banks, and some 
hospitalities by the people. An army lodge of Freema- 
sons, located in the regiment, also helped those inclined 
that way.^ 

It was at this camp, that an officer, in great wrath, 
called up a sergeant, and inquired, " Why didn't you do 
what I ordered, about, &c., &c. ?" — "Had no orders, 



1 This lodge, " Bunker-Hill Army Lodge, No. 5," worked under a dis- 
pensation signed by Williiim J. Coolidge, Grand Master of the Grand Lodge 
of Massachusetts. Its first officers were George H. Gordon (coUmel), 
Master; Alonzo H. Quint (chaplain), Senior Warden; Wilder D wight 
(major), Junior Warden; Francis Leiand (surgeon). Treasurer; Edward G. 
Abbott (captain), Secretary; Adin B. Underwood (captnin), Senior Deacon: 
Anson D. Sawyer (lieutenant). Junior Deacon; Francis H. Tucker (captain), 
Tyler. Of these, Major D wight was killed atAntietam; Surgeon Leiand, 



62 . SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRT. 

sir." — "Why, didn't I send you a written order, such 
a day ? " — " Oh ! was that an order ? I thought it was 
a standing pass to go to Frederick ; and — and I have 
been in three times on that paper." The captain 
(he has earned high rank since) concluded, that, if the 
sentries could not read the paper, it was hardly worth 
while to blame anybody. It was here — or was it at 
Seneca? — where, in obedience to orders from Washing- 
ton that company-commanders read certain articles of 
war every Sunday morning, one of them, — he was 
a thorough soldier too, — after the reading, said, " Now, 
men, these are articles of war, and ought to be obeyed. 
Now, there is one of them too much violated. It is 
that against profane swearing. There is too much of 
it in this company, from the commander (I own it) 
down. Now, it has got to be stopped. When I say 
a thing, you know it has got to be done. And I 

say this shall be obeyed, and I'll be d d if it 

shan't ! " A jjentle smile in the line brouo;ht him to 
remembrance ; and, " Sergeant, march in the company ! " 
was the order of the discomfited captain, who was 
never discomfited in action. 



Wounded at Cedar Mountain; Captain Abbott, killed at Cedar Mountain ; 
Captain Underwood, maimed at Wauhatchie. Of others connected with 
this lodge, Mudge fell at Gettysburg; Surgeon Heath died from excessive 
toil in front of Atlanta; Major Francis, Captain George, Captain Parker, 
and Captain Sawyer, all were wounded. 

This lodge was a centre of interest at that camp, and in Tennessee. 
St. John's Day, in December, 1861, it took part in a celebration at Freder- 
ick, when a great number of Masons participated; and where an address 
was given in the Lutheran Church, by the chaplain of the Second Massa- 
chusetts, on " Masonry and the State." 



THE FIRST WINTER. 63 

Here, too, were religious observances. A good 
Catholic priest came, and had all needed help, — tent, 
&c. , — to minister to the two hundred men of his per- 
suasion, while the usual services went on in harmony. 
A good library, too, the gift of some unknoAvn friend, 
was of OT'cat use all winter. 

There was intemperance sometimes. Frederick was 
filled with liquor shops. General Banks issued an or- 
der, on the 10th of February, about " the alarming in- 
crease of intemperance," and how " ill-disposed persons " 
were selling liquor "to the detriment and discredit of 
the service, the injury of the men, and the danger of the 
public ; " and he declared it the " duty of every officer in 
this command at once to take the most effective meas- 
ures to suppress this evil." Provosts were to shut up 
certain places, and make arrests. Colonel Gordon did 
take effective measures ; so effective, that the liquor- 
selling Dutchman just across the road came over one 
day in wrath: "Your officer come to my house, and 
did speel all my leetel beer." — "Served you right," 
was the reply. And he was provided forthwith with 
a barrel overcoat, and marched round to the tune of the 
"Eogue's March." 

There was some chagrin at idleness. The men 
shouted over the victories at Henry and Donelson, and 
the sturdy Indianians echoed the cheers until the in- 
fection was universal. But nothing was done, save that 
fifteen men (the quota of the Second) were sent, out of 
scores of old sailors volunteering, to man the gunboats 
on the Mississippi. Captain Cary commanded the de- 



64 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INPANTEY. 

tachment, — which left on the 16th of February. The 
men never came back. 

Several new officers came at this camp. 

The first break in the list of officers which left Camp 
Andrew had occurred on the 16th of September. 
Lieutenant Sedgwick, tlien Division ordnance officer, 
was appointed assistant adjutant-general, with the rank 
of captain, and assigned to duty on the staff of General 
Sedgwick. He was still serving with that gallant offi- 
cer when lie fell at Antietam. 

In October, Captain Curtis and Lieutenant Higgin- 
son left the regiment. The former was appointed 
lieutenant-colonel, the latter a captain, in the First 
Massachusetts Cavalry. In December, Lieutenant Mot- 
ley was appointed captain in the same regiment. 

In November, Lieutenant Ellis, who had been de- 
tailed on the 8th of September to the commissary 
department of the brigade, was appointed commissary 
of subsistence, with the rank of captain. He served 
for a long time on the staff of General HartsufF, where 
he attained the rank of lieutenant-colonel. 

Lieutenant Copeland, then an aid to General Banks, 
was appointed assistant adjutant-general, with the rank 
of major, on the 27th of November. 

In December, Captain Tucker resigned. He after- 
wards entered the civil service in the West. Lieuten- 
ant Hill also resigned. He subsequently re-entered the 
service, and fell in battle, Dec. 9, 1864, while first 
lieutenant in the Fifty-fifth Massachusetts. 

These various vacancies caused promotions, and also 



THE FIRST WINTER. 65 

the appointment of second lieutenants. From civil life 
— almost the last selections outside the ranks — were 
taken J. IngersoU Grafton, who was to fall, after gal- 
lant and meritorious service, at Averysborough ; Eugene 
E. Shelton, by and by a staff officer, and to be wound- 
ed ; Daniel Oakey, afterwards wounded ; John A. Fox 
(faithful and true), adjutant, in every action from Chan- 
cellors villc to the end of the war ; Henry B. Scott, 
afterwards assistant adjutant-general, wounded at Chan- 
cellorsville, and major in the Fourth Massachusetts 
Cavalry ; Francis TV. Crowninshield, who, four times 
wounded, Avas to come home senior captain in 1865 ; 
and then to die. Everett W. Pattison, first sergeant 
of Company I, was promoted to be second lieutenant, 
for general meritorious conduct ; as well as Quartermas- 
ter-sergeant George F. Browning, who was speedily 
disabled in battle, and found a place in the Invalid 
Corps. 

Tliere were rumors of war occasionally. On the 
5th of January, 1862, orders came to the whole force 
to be ready to march. There were troubles up near 
Hancock. The Thu-d Brigade went off; but, with the 
Second, there resulted only an accumulation of cold 
victuals. On the 20th, we -were to be "ready to 
march in one hour's notice ; " " the enemy is in force 
on the upper Potomac." But the principal business 
still continued to be, preserving the secessionists' wood- 
lots, according to orders. 

But that winter was exceedingly valuable, not only 
in the renovation of health impaired in the Potomac 

6 



66 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

malaria, but in the steady acquiring of knowledge by 
the officers in study, (both by old officers and in the 
" infant department ! ") and the thorough drill in which 
all became experienced. The result was, that, when 
the Second took the field in the spring, it was 
thoroughly prepared for Winchester, Cedar Mountain, 
and Antietam, — all of which were to come that year. 
This inaction, every one knew, could not continue. 
So the day after Washington's birthday, — celebrated 
by a great review in Frederick, and a prayer which 
was an insult to the army and the country, — there came 
orders : Be ready at " one hour's notice, with three days' 
cooked rations," and " cartridge-boxes filled." The Avag- 
ons went off immediately, and the victuals were eaten. 
" The artillery, pontoons, and the Second Brigade," said 
the brigadier, " have all left ; in all probability, we will 
leave this evening." But "we" did not. It proved 
that the pontoons, floated by canal from Washington, 
were too wide for the canal-locks at Harper's Ferry, 
and could not get into the river. But on the 27th, 
in the mist of morning, Camp Hicks was abandoned, — 
to become a settled villao;e. 



THE SrRING CA^MPAIGX. 67 



YI. 



THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 

On tlic morning of the 27th of February, 18G2, at 
four o'clock, the regiment passed, for the Last time, 
through the quagmire ^Yhich separated camp and road, 
and marched into Frederick. Then, railway cars; at 
evening, at Sandy Hook ; over the pontoon bridge ; 
and a night in the emptied houses of Plarper's Ferry, 
where the regiment was quartered in the abandoned 
houses on Shenandoah Street, and the field and staff 
took turns at sup[)er in using the solitary fork and 
single spoon. Company F was put on provost duty, 
and Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews was made provost- 
marshal. And the spring campaign was begun. 

A reconnoissance was ordered towards Charlestown 
the next day. The Second, the 3d Wisconsin, five 
squadrons of Michigan cavalry, and two sections of artil- 
lery, were put on the road, under command of Colonel 
Gordon. The cavalry, with Colonel Gordon at the 
head, drove in the rebel videttes, and dashed into 
Charlestown at full speed. The regiment entered to the 
music of "John Brown's body." Captain Best posted 
his battery (a good soldier was Captain Best) , and the 



68 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS ESTFANTEY. 

infantry %vas stationed; chicken-feathers filled the air; 
and suddenly General McClellan appeared, and turned 
the reconnoissance into an occupation. It was tlie first 
sight of that general ; and, as his glance took in the 
line drawn up to receive liim, he won their hearts. 

The Court-house was tenanted by companies of the 
Second. It was a strange event, when, on the follow- 
ing sabbath, the Second worshipped God in the Court- 
house where John Brown was sentenced, and its. chap- 
lain occupied the very chair in which the judge had sat 
in that memorable trial. Massachusetts ideas were on 
jtheir successful march. 

On the 5th of March, the remainder of General 
Banks's force having arrived, the Second went into 
camp, — unluckily, in the grounds of a "Union" family 
who could not endure the vicinity of "Union" troops, 
and had to move next day a mile out of Charlestown. 
On the 7th of March, news came that Colonel Mauls- 
by's Maryland Regiment had been " cut to pieces " at 
Cabletown. So Colonel Gordon was sent out with the 
Second, the Sixteenth Indiana, two squadrons of caval- 
ry, and two sections of artillery : " Let not a moment be 
lost." Not a moment was lost, — to find that nobody 
had seen any enemy, to kindle huge fires, and come 
back in the mornino-. 

Winchester was the object aimed at. We had troops 
at CharlestOAvn ; a brigade at Smithfield; and, further 
west, Shields's division (formerly the lamented Lan- 
der's) ; and, at Leesburg, Colonel Geary. On the 9th, 
General Abercrombie was told : " Information has been 



THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 69 

received that the enemy has abandoned the batteries on 
the lower Potomac, and is preparing to abandon Ma- 
nassas. You are therefore ordered, pursuant to directions 
received from Washington, to put your command in con- 
dition to move at seven a.m., to-morit)w." It was done, 
— three days' cooked rations in haversacks. General 
Gorman moved first towards Berry ville, but sent back 
for re-enforcements. So our brigade (General Aber- 
crombic's) hastened on, and reached Berry ville about 
sundown. The only action which had taken place was 
Avith a battery of the enemy, which a few shots sent off 
in a hurry. The battery subsequently proved to have 
been a threshing-machine, worked by three laborers, 
and superintended by a farmer on horseback. 

That night was a bivouac, — Avith a savagely cold 
storm to usher in a cold night. But the sun rose warm, 
and wagons came on, and tents were pitched for one 
night. The next day, " the rebel Jackson had marched 
to the rear of our force at Winchester, and captured 
seven thousand men, — the fight still going on." Cheers 
followed the order to "fall in." In twenty-five minutes 
the regiment was in the road. Mile after mile was 
hurried over. IMassachusetts men passed others in 
camp, and cheered tremendously. "I wish I was in 
Dixie," enlivened the road. But at midnight, "The 
messenger did it for a joke ; " and bivouac again. At 
noon, camped a few rods off, a couple of miles from 
Winchester. 

Jackson had deliberately evacuated Winchester, — 
carrying off all his stores, such private property as he 



70 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

pleased, — and left the naked defences. "VVe had kmdly 
waited a fortnight to let him do it. 

There the Second remained ten days. A re-arrange- 
ment of regiments ^Yas made, on the 10th of March. 
First brigade, General Williams : 28th New York, 28th 
Pennsylvania, 1st Maryland, and 5th Connecticut. 
Second brigade. General Abercrombie : 9th New- York 
State Militia, 13th INIassachusetts, 12th Massachusetts, 
and 16th Indiana. Third brigade. Colonel Gordon: 2d 
Massachusetts, 29tli Pennsylvania, 3d Wisconsin, and 
27th Indiana. Here and then the Second became asso- 
ciated with that gallant Third Wisconsin with whom it 
stood side by side in sworn brotherhood for three years ; 
and with the Twenty-seventh Indiana, hardly less to be 
tried, — and found true. 

Here, too. General Banks formally assumed com- 
mand (on the 26th of March) of the "Fifth Corps," 
comprising two divisions, — his own, now under Briga- 
dier-General A. S. Williams ; and another, under 
Brigadier-General Shields. 

Troops were to be sent into Eastern Virginia. So, 
on the 20th, orders came for three days' march : the 
first day, to Snicker's Ferry; the second, to Goose 
Creek ; the third, to Gum Spring. The Second 
moved on the 2 2d, and reached Snicker's Ferry ; but 
Gum Spring was not to be seen for near two years. 
General Abercrombie's brigade had crossed at Snicker's 
Ferry when the pontoons broke down. It took all day 
to mend them, and the brigade camped. That broken 
bridofe changed the destinv of the Second. 



THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 71 

While waiting, Lieutenant-Colonel Crane, of the 
Third Wisconsin, sent a despatch regarding the wagon- 
train which was coming up in his charge, and added, 
" We have heard cannon at intervals, — hear them now ; 
they seem to be south-west." The cannon were at 
Kernstown, near Winchester. On the morning of the 
24th : " Colonel, you Avill proceed at once to Berry ville ; 
and if, on your arrival there, you hear the sound of 
large guns, giving an. indication of an action in prog- 
ress, you will push on by a forced march to Winches- 
ter." By and by : "Major General Banks . . . directs, 
that the brigade at Berryville under command of 
Colonel Gordon be ordered immediately to AVinches- 
ter." Soon : " Send back the ordnance train Avith all 
possible despatch." Again: "Send forward [to Win- 
chester] your battery with all possible despatch." The 
Second, after a fifteen-mile march, entered Winchester, 
and were quartered in the railway buildings : " The gen- 
eral is pleased with your speed." 

Jackson, who after his evacuation of Winchester had 
kept within a moderate distance of that place, had been 
misled by rebel women of Winchester into believing 
that the force which he knew to be moving to Snicker's 
Ferry comprised all but a provost guard ; while a 
whole division really lay behind the hills. So, returning 
to occupy Winchester, some cavalry drove in the pickets 
on the 2 2d : it was supposed to be nothing more than 
Ashby's lively troops, with a couple of guns. General 
Shields (commanding in absence of General Banks) 
got his arm broken by a shell ; and Colonel Kimball, of 



72 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Indiana, took command. Desultoiy fighting took place 
all Sunday, until in the afternoon it was found that 
Jackson's whole force was present, and our whole 
strength was sent out. The enemy was handsomely 
whipped, but was far from being routed, although 
compelled to leave the wounded along the road, and 
losing two pieces of artillery. ^ 

But Jackson had accomplished his object ; which was 
to keep the forces still in the valley, and thus prevent 
them from strenothenini; McDowell for the movement 
expected towards Richmond. 

There was but one man of the Second in this affair. 
It was private Alexander, who had just arrived at Win- 
chester (where our Company Gr was on provost duty) 
from a Southern prison. He borrowed a musket, w^ent 
out, and fought where he saw a chance. 

The Court-house, hotel, and the other buildings, 
were filled with wounded, rebel and loyal alike. They 
were treated alike ; but the rebel women of Winchester 
showed their usual dp^ill^a spirit. One confederate 
soldier was asked, "Do you have kind treatment?" 
"Yes," he answered, as if wondering at it. "Why, 
didn't you expect it ? " — "No, I thought you would kill 
us." — " What made you think so ? " — " We were told 
so." One poor fellow of sixteen years, whose mother 



1 Esten Cooke, of Stuart's statT, in his life of "Stonewall Jackson," says 
that the Union force was 11,000: it was less than 7,000 bj' official record. 
He says that the rebel infantry force engaged was 2,742 ; but prisoners were 
taken from eleven regiments of their infantry. He says that the Union killed 
was admitted to be 418: it was officially reported at 103. He says that the 
rebel killed were 80; but they Ictl 270 dead, found upon the field. 



THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 73 

liad made him volunteer, wanted to take tlie oath of 
allegiance. "I should die easier," he said, "if I did." 
The oath was administered, and he felt happier. 

The next evening, the regiment started after Jack- 
son, — the band leading off with "I wish I Avas in 
Dixie." It was a cold night ; bivouac by the road- 
side about one o'clock, five miles above Strasburg, 
when fences suffered ; in the morning, forded Cedar 
Creek, a rapid and beautiful stream, where a fine bridge 
had just been destroyed : halted in a rough pine wood, 
just north of Strasburg ; Avere sent on by a " scare " 
next day to four or five miles beloAV Strasburg ; and 
there camp and park trains in rear of General Sullivan's 
line, "haA'ing reference to the defensibility of the place 
chosen for encampment and concealment from the 
enemy." 

March 31 : "Messengers on outposts," said General 
Sullivan, "report the enemy advancing." April 1 : 
orders to move Avithout tents or bao:2:a'Te, — the Avhole 
corps. Jackson's headquarters Avere then at Mount 
Jackson, seven or eight miles oflT. Colonel Gordon's 
brigade led, and the Second Avas in the advance. Two 
miles on, rebels and guns Avere in sight. A fcAv shots 
from Cothran's fine NcAv-York battery sent them off. 
Then, — 'skirmishers and flankers out, — pressed on 
steadily. The rebel rear-guard, Avitli tAvo pieces of 
artillery, stop at suitable points. Then the steadiness 
of the Second tells ; and the rebels, as Ave learned in a 

village, SAA'ore savagely about " them long-range 

Yankee rifles." At Woodstock, their shot Avhizzed 



74 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

suddenly. Colonel Gordon has his guns in position 
instantly, and the rebels fly. At the " Narrow Pass," 
the bridge is on fire : quick hands of the Second extin- 
guish the flames, while Cothran's shots and the enemy's 
are lively overhead. At Edenburg, the bridge is past 
hope ; but the struggle is for the place where it had 
been. The guns dash through fences, over ditches, up 
a height ; the Second presses on at double-quick ; and, 
after a few minutes, the point is gained. Camp is 
ordered. On that day the Second had its first man 
wounded, — Bonney, of Company I. The next day, 
Pennsylvania men rebuild the bridge. Pleasant weath- 
er turned to rain, — a cold, dismal rain. The forlorn 
horses droop their heads. Pet dogs • keep inside. 
Logs support a doubtful fire in front of the open tents. 
Dripping individuals solemnly chop wood. Dismal 
sentinels pace steadily. Off on picket is a shelterless 
company. Wet soaks up inside the tents. The only 
comfort is that the enemy, in sight on the opposite 
ridge, are just as wet. 

"Hard business, sir, this soldiering," says John to 
the major. "Yes, John." — "It's aisy for them as sits 
at home with their good fires to read of this victory 
and that, but it's hard for them as has to do it, sir." — 
"Yes, John." — "It would do them good to come out 
here, and try to warm themselves by a hole in the 
ground, sir." — "Yes, John." 

There was delay, at Edenburg, to get provisions and 
shoes ; but on the 17th of April in motion again. 
General Shields had moved in the night. At four, the 



THE SPRING CAilPAIGN. 75 

Second movctl. Crossed the creek in the dense fosr ; 
and, as tlie sun came out, saw the mountain ranges on 
either side, the undulating lands, wooded or in cultiva- 
tion, the green winter-wheat and hyacinths by the 
roadsides, heard the robins and swallows, and the artil- 
lery with which Shields was waking up the enemy on 
ahead. Found every bridge burning, but was little 
delayed ; and reached jNIount Jackson — where the 
rebels had built fine hospitals, and buried scores of sol- 
diers — to find the railway depot still in flames. 

After some hours' Avaiting, General Shields is to 
advance on the main road, and Colonel Gordon's 
brigade, with some regiments of Donelly's, to make 
a flank movement to the right, on a dirt road ; crossed 
a wadable stream, and came opposite Kood's Hill, 
which the rebels speedily left. Passed through Forest- 
ville, so called because barren of trees ; crossetl another 
stream ; ascended and descended ledges ; waited for 
artillery stuck fast ; and at half-past eight turned into 
a wood, and cooked and slept. 

The knowledge of some of these people was remarka- 
ble. At Forest ville, a group were astonished at the 
instruments of the band. " What is that ? " inquired 
an alarmed woman, in respect to the largest instrument. 
" That, ma'am, is the bell-teezer, a new instrument for 
throwing grape, and terribly destructive at short distan- 
ces." Nobody ventured near the terrible weapon. 

The next morning, forded the north fork of the 
Shenandoah. The water was high, and the current 
very rapid. ]Men and horses went down. It took ten 



76 SECOND MASSACETDSETTS INFANTRY. 

horses to get one caisson across the river. Passing 
through Newmarket, to camp two miles south, the loyal 
population was out in joy, — but it was black. 
Here came a message : — 

To Major General Banks : To you and the forces un- 
der your command, this Department returns thanks for the 
brilUant and successful operations of this day. 

Edwin M. Stanton, Secretary of War. 

That was for driving Jackson up the valley. 

That camp was mud. Rails and straw made a little 
shelter, — the wagons being left a few miles behind for 
days. Rain was incessant, and cold severe. The men 
christened u "Camp Misery," and officers and men fared 
alike. Only one '^^'w of boots seemed w^ater-proof : 
they were the major's, who found they had been moved 
in the night into position to catch water ; and they were 
two-thirds full, without a sign of a leak. 

On the 21st : "Ready to march at ten, a.m., to-mor- 
row." To-morrow came, but no march. On the 22d, 
the'General said, " It has been represented, that, in many 
cases, men reported absent, sick, are in reality detained, 
performing various duties at the hospital to which they 
have been sent, — without detail from competent author- 
ity, — long after recovery." That was true enough, but 
General Banks could not help himself, although he sent 
officers after them. 

On the 25th, moved on to near Harrisonburg, — a 
raw day ; but, for a wonder, it did not rain. Camped. 
On the 27th, ordered out on a "'dirt road" of a very 
mean kind, and very mean of its kind. Jackson was 



THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 77 

" within three miles : " but we went on eleven miles with 
the Twenty-seventh Indiana, and somebody's battery, 
and somebody's cavalry, and discovered nobody but 
Colonel Donelly, who was camped out there ; and came 
back again, making twenty miles of useful service that 
Sunday. Jackson was on the other side of the middle 
Shenandoah, at the end of a bridge piled with combus- 
tibles. Somebody got over there afterwards, decidedly 
to his discomfort. 

Cut down baggage again, also the number of wagons. 
On the evening of the 4th of May, struck tents, and 
moved a mile towards Harrisonburg, to sleep in a field ; 
which was accomplished with a view to take a fair 
start in tlie morning. The next morning, started for 
Strasburg ; stopping, after eighteen miles of march, at 
Newmarket that evening, and going into camp, to be 
roused up and move at midnight across the Massanutten 
range to help General Sullivan, whom the signal-lights 
on the hills said was threatened (at Columbia Bridge) by 
twelve thousand men. Found troops and fires lining 
the splendid road up the hill ; magnificent scenery at 
sunrise, when the top was reached ; pleasant information, 
at the other base, that General Sullivan was surprised 
— to find us there, as he had seen no enemy; and 
bivouacked two nights near Berner's JNIills. CHmbed 
• the hill back again, — with wild cherry in -blossom, red- 
bud, columbine, iris, wood-violets, and the genuine 
New-England INIayflower, and the woods on fire, — 
and got back to camp, where "Colonel Ticchurst" had 
had dress-parade. 



78 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

On the 10th of May, tents were struck, to be ready 
to have a couple of shelterless nights, with tlie wagons 
half a mile off: on the 12th, made fourteen miles 
northward, and had piles of leaves for beds : on the 
13th, to Strasburg, — the dirtiest, meanest town of all 
the dirty, shiftless villages of the valley. 

At Strasburg, the newspapers were read. Learned 
that the corps was at Stanton, aiming for Richmond ; 
also, that Jackson had evacuated the valley. All true, 
except that we had fallen back to Strasburg, and that 
Jackson was still on hand with twelve thousand men. 
Here fortifications were building ; first-rate, only un- 
fortunately commanded by higher ground. General 
Shields's division was detached, and crossed over into 
Eastern Virginia. 

It was a surprise to everybody, — this retrograde 
movement. It was supposed that Banks and Fremont 
were to unite farther up the valley, and put an end to 
Jackson's operations, — which was perfectly feasible. 
But, at Harrisonburg, peremptory orders came to fall 
back to Strasburg, fortify and hold that place. It was 
one of the "gates of Washington." They had not 
then learned that the place to defend Washington was 
in front of Richmond. But, to the chagrin of every- 
body, the summer was to be passed at Strasburg. 

"It is hard/' said the commander to a friend, regard- 
ing the complete overthrow of the intended campaign, 
" to be the only man in the division that must not com- 
plain." He did not complain. His admirable patience 
was exemplified then as since, Avhcn he endured misrep- 



THE SPRING CAMPAIGN. 79 

resentation in silence lest the service should suffer. 
No truer patriot than N. P. Banks has taken part in 
this war ; nor any man who had wiser foresight, from 
the time wlicn he said to the President, on the first call 
for seventy-five thousand men, " President, call out a 
m'illion ! " 

But we were to stay at Strasburg. 



82 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Upon receiving tidings of the disaster, but vyliile 
ignorant of its completeness, General Banks sent out 
tlie Third Wisconsin (Colonel Ruger), some cavalry, 
and a section of artillery. But, between eight and nine 
o'clock, orders were sent to Colonel Ruger " to halt ; if 
beyond Buckton, to fall back, if necessary, to a position 
where he would not run any risk of being cut off." 
Fugitives in the evening had brought tidings of Kenly's 
utter routj and information that the enemy were moving 
towards Winchester, which was eighteen miles north of 
Strasburof and on the direct road to the Potomac. 
In the night, therefore, the wagons were loaded, and 
the men put under arms ; while experienced officers 
explored the roads leading from Front Royal to Win- 
chester. These parties found that the enemy held each 
road, and was evidently hastening to Winchester to 
cut off and capture the whole force. The trains, about 
three, a.m., were started to the rear. But in the morn- 
ing : " Information received this morning," said an 
order, " shows that the enemy returned to Front Royal 
last night, and will not, now at least, attempt our rear. 
Our force will remain in Strasburg, therefore, till fur- 
ther orders. . . . The Secretary and Assistant-Secre- 
tary of War both telegraph that ample re-enforcements 
will be sent." Possibly the promised re-enforcements 
are referred to in the despatch of the President, of that 
date, to General McDowell, who was then opposite 
Fredericksburg : " General Fremont has been ordered 
by telegraph to move from Franklin on Harrisonburg, 
to relieve General Banks. . . . You are instructed, lay- 



B^VNKS'S RETREAT. 83 

ing aside for tlie present the movement on Richmond, 
to put twenty tliousand men in motion at once for the 
Shenan(h)ah, moving on the line, or in advance of the 
line, of the Manassas-Gap raih'oad." To which, Gene- 
ral jSIcDowell, while obeying, replied, "I am entirely 
beyond helping distance of General Banks. ... It will 
take a week or ten days to get to the valley." 

Hardly had General Banks's order to remain been 
received at brigade headquarters, and before General 
McDowell could have started on his ten days' move- 
ment, when another order followed, — "to move at once 
towards ]\Iiddlctown, taking such steps to oppose the 
enemy (reported to be on the road between Front Royal 
and Middletown) as to General Williams may seem 
proper .... Cothi'an's Battery is on the hill beliind us, 
awaiting your orders. " The re-enforcements to Kenly 
had been recalled ; the advance-guard (southward) 
called in ; and about ten o'clock, a.m., May 24, the 
column was on the road, endeavoring to reacli Win- 
chester before the enemy, who was on the road from 
Front Royal to that place. 

Colonel Donelly's Brigade followed the wagons, which 
had a strong guard : Colonel Gordon's was next ; and 
General Hatch, witli most of the cavalry and six pieces 
of artillery, was to protect the rear, and destroy prop- 
erty which could not be brought off. The wagon-train 
was miles in length ; and hundi-eds of disabled men 
left behind by Shields's Division, encumbered tlie road. 

The column, excepting the rear-guard, had passed 
Cedar Creek, when tlie enemy attacked the train, then 



84 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

mainly in front, and held the road to Middletown. 
The troops then hastened forward, and Colonel Donelly 
attacked the enemy, who were in strong force, and gal- 
lantly drove them two miles from the road. The troops 
passed much of the train, the danger appearing to be in 
front. General Hatch was at its rear. 

About a mile and a half above Newtown, report 
came that the enemy had cut the train in the rear. 
General Hatch found it impossible to pass through, and 
was temporarily separated from the column. Colonel 
Gordon went back with the Second Massachusetts 
(with that, the 27th Indiana, 28th New York, and a 
section'of Best's Battery) to relieve the train. The 27th 
Indiana was already in line when he reached Newtown. 
The 28th New York was halted in reserve. Colonel 
Gordon, commanding the brigade, ordered Lieutenant- 
Colonel Andrews, commanding the Second, to "ad- 
vance, take the town, and hold it until further orders." 
"The enemy," says the rebel officer Cooke, "turned sav- 
ao-ely." Colonel Andrews advanced, with a section of 
Best's Battery also ; Companies A (Captain Abbott) 
and C (Captain Cogswell) being deployed as skir- 
mishers. The enemy's artillery was posted in front, in 
the main street, and threw shot along its length. The 
enemy were speedily driven out of town, and took 
position on the heights beyond. The colors were dis- 
played from the highest house, as a signal to Hatch. 
Four guns from Best's and Cothran's batteries were 
immediately posted, and "opened a furious fire upon 
the Confederate batteries." " Jackson hastened to the 




ass^:^^*^ 



iSD^E^/Etr 



[^EWSo 



BANKS'S RETREAT. 85 

front," but tlie loyal force "continued to check his fur- 
ther advance until dark." ^ Jackson was " profoundly 
enraged." 

The disabled wagons, about fifty in number, could 
not be brought off for want of horses ; and, by order 
of Colonel Gordon after sending in vain for horses, 
they were burned. 

It was twilight when he ordered his force on again. 
Companies A and C were in the rear, and the men of 
B were flankers. A little distance beyond the burning 
wagons, the enemy's cavalry appeared. Part of A was 
placed on the left of the road ; part of C on the right ; 
and platoons from the two, under Lieutenant Grafton, 
in the road. Jackson was with his cavalry. " Charge 
them ! charge them ! " said he. They advanced ; but, 
when within fifty or sixty yards, the men of the three 
companies poured in their fire, and the rebels turned 
and fled. " Cowards I " could be heard shouted. 
" Shameful ! " said Jackson. ^ 

A little fiirther on, at Barton's Mills, Company I re- 
lieved A and C, that they might take their knapsacks, 
left there before returning to Newtown. Again the 
cavalry came on : Company I opened fire : again the 



1 Rev. Professor Dabney, in his Life of Jackson, says : " Upon approach- 
ing Newtown, the General was disappointed to tind his artillery arrested 
. . . The enemy . . . showed a determined front. ... It was sunset be- 
fore they were dislodged, and the pursuit resumed." 

Between these two biographers of Jackson is this difference : Cooke 
gives as fair a story as possible, considering his exalted views of South- 
ern men ; nor does he exhibit an ugly spirit. Dabney is perfectly malig- 
nant ; and, a[)parently from principle, never tells the truth if he can avoid it. 

2 Dabney. 



86 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

cavalry fled. " So severe a fire," says Dabney, " that 
the cavahy advance retiried precipitately out of it, 
carrying the General and his attendants along with 
them, and riding down several cannoneers who had 
been brought up to their support." Then the enemy's 
infixntry appeared. " Three regiments of the Stone- 
wall Brigade," says Cooke, "were thrown forward," who 
"attacked Avith great gallantry ; and heavy firing ensued." 
" So pertinacious was the stand of the Federalists here," 
says Dabtiey, "the 27th, 2d, and 5th Virginia regi- 
ments were brought up ; and the affair grew to the 
dimensions of a night combat before they gave way." 
It was a combat between three regiments of the famous 
Stonewall Brigade, and Company I, with D as flankers, 
re-enforced on the sides of the road by Companies B 
and C, the whole under jNIajor D wight of the Second 
Massachusetts. The regiment accomjjlished the objdct 
of the halt, and moved on. 

Near Kernstown, a halt was ordered for rest, and to 
arrange to send on the wounded. Ambulances were 
sent for, but did not appear ; and the wounded were put 
into a house. Half an hour passed : again the enemy 
crept up in the darkness, and opened fire, which was 
promptly returned. But the cavalry, Avhich had joined, 
stampeded. The macadamized road brought the regi- 
ment into relief, while the enemy were hidden in the 
fields. The order was given to move on ; and the 
enemy did not immediately follow.. Surgeon Leland, 
with the wounded men in the house, fell into the hands 
of the enemy. 



BANKS'S RETREAT. 87 

At two o'clock, A.M., the regiment readied the vicini- 
ty of A^''incllcstcr, and lay down to rest. But Com- 
pany C, as was a company from each regiment, was 
sent out on outpost duty, and were skirmishing steadily. 
They maintained their positiun with difficulty, but suc- 
cessfully. 

Early in the morning. Colonels Gordon and Donelly 
placed tlieir brigades in position. On the right of the 
road, looking southward, was Colonel Gordon, — the 
Second on the right, then the 3d Wisconsin, the 27th 
Indiana, and the 29th Pennsylvania. Battery M, First 
New-Yoi'k Artillery (Lieutenant Peabody), consisting 
of six six-pound Parrotts, was posted on the ridge. In 
front of the line was a gulley, running at an angle 
with the road ; and beyond, another height. Colonel 
Donelly posted his few regiments on the left of the 
road. 

At five, A.M., the skirmishers were driven in by the 
Stonewall Brigade, under General Winder, making 
" a sharp and resolute resistance, firing heavy vol- 
leys." ^ Colonel Gordon immediately directed his bat- 
tery to open fire on the columns of the enemy moving 
into position. " To dislodge these guns," says Cooke, 
" Carpenter's and Cutshaw's batteries with two Par- 
rott guns from the Ilockbridge Artillery, were rapidly 
placed in position, and opened fire. The battle speedily 
commenced in good earnest." Donelly's guns and in- 
fantry were quickly heard on the left, and " a dan- 
gerous enfilade fire was poured on the Southern lines." 

1 Cooke. 



88 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Two companies of the Second Avere thrown forward 
to annoy the enemy's g'uns, — D, Captain Savage; and 
G, Captain Cary. They took shelter behind a stone 
wall, and " opened a galling and destructive fire on the 
cannoneers and horses attached to the Confederate bat- 
teries." The fire was so sharp that some of the enemy's 
guns withdrew, and some were silenced. The skir- 
mishers continued their fire " with a precision which 
was ofalling: and dang-erous in the extreme. No one 
could mount to the crest of the hill without hearing the 
sudden report of their excellent long-range guns, suc- 
ceeded by the whistling of balls near his person. To 
drive out these persistent and accurate marksmen," the 
rebel Poague threw solid shot at their stone wall ; 
"but, in spite of the missiles and crashing stones 
around them," says Cooke, " the line of sharpshooters 
still gallantly held their position." 

But rebel regiments were moving in swarms around 
the right, under the rebel General Taylor. To prevent 
being flanked, Colonel Gordon moved the Twenty-ninth 
Pennsylvania and Twenty-seventh Indiana to the right. 
" The Federal commander," says Cooke, of this move- 
ment, "was making preparations to assail Jackson's 
position in force. All was ready at last ; and suddenly 
the Federal infantry w^as seen moving in heavy columns 
to the [rebel] left, with the evident intention of gaining 
possession of the ridge to the north and west of the 
town." Against Taylor's men and the Stonewall 
Brigade on the flank, and the still steady fire in front, 
Colonel Gordon's four rcijiments were, of course, of 



BANKS'S RETREAT. 89 

little avail. They poured in a destructive fire, and then 
heard the order to fall back. The Second moved down 
the hill, by left of companies to the rear, — the Third 
Wisconsin, in line of battle ; but a company or two of 
each halted to pour one destructive volley. The 
heights were now swarming with rebel troops, whose 
fire went principally overhead. The regiments kept in 
order ; entered Winchester ; and the Second, turning 
into a cross street, re-arranged the order of companies, 
and formed by the usual alignment. The enemy 
appeared on the main streets, and opened fire. Through 
Winchester (with shots from houses until forbearance 
ceased ^) , by the burning buildings ; on the road to 
Martinsburg, — the rear of that portion of the force 
which took that road. The enemy's guns were cpiickly 
placed in an old work, and opened fire. Cavalry 
threatened. But the regiment kept steadily on. Some 
of the force in the advance were getting into disorder. 
General Banks, knowing that any disorder would become 



1 On this matter, testimony was afterwards taken, by order from 
Division Headquarters. In addition to abundant proof, that citizens fired 
from liouses, was evidence that women fired upon tlie soldiers. I make a 
few extracts from diff'erent statements: "I came out on the west street. I 
saw two women shoot from a window. They used jjuns." — "I saw a woman 
standing in the window with a pistol in her hand. I saw her shoot, and saw 
a man fall." — "I saw a woman shoot a pistol from a window.'' [Five wit- 
nesses to the scene.] — "I saw a woman fire, from a house, a revolver. This 
was near the centre of the town. " — "I saw two women. One discharged a 
pistol; the ball passing over my heal, and entering a wall on the opposite 
side of the street." — " On Main Street, a woman came to the door, and fired 
what I thought to be a revolver." When it is remembered, that, during our 
occupation of Winchester, women were as safe from insult in the streets of 
Winciiester as in Boston, the infamous conduct of that population is evi- 
dent. It needed puril'ying by fire. 



I 
90 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

a rout, placed himself in front, and restored discipline. 
Thirty-two miles' march, without a halt, brought it 
to Martinsburg. There the enemy ceased to follow. 
The quartermaster procured " crackers," and fed the 
men. Thirteen miles more, with a throng of Union 
people, children and adults, and Williamsport was 
reached. The trains, save the wagons lost before the 
Second became rear-guard, were safe. A thousand 
camp-fires blazed on the hillside. The trains crossed 
by the deep ford ; the ammunition wagons, by the single 
ferry ; the men forded ; all were over before noon 
next day, except that four companies of the Second, 
and the same of the Third Wisconsin, — sworn friends 
from that day, — Avere left for duty on the Virginia 
shore. ^ The Second had marched, in thirty-three hours, 
fifty-six miles, fighting in one pitched battle and in the 
skirmishes as rear-guard. 

The conduct of the Second on this occasion put its 
reputation, before the country, on that basis for which 
its thorough discipline, accomplished drill, and personal 
bravery had been fitting it. Its own State was proud 
of it ; and that pride only grew with succeeding years. 
The regiment was satisfied with itself ;' and officers and 
men from that day understood each other, taught as 
only this baptism of fire could teach. 



1 Dabney says, " When the last of the cavalry drove the last of the fugi- 
tives across the Potomac, a multitude of helpless blacks were found," etc. 
There was no annoyance whatever beyond Martinsburg. The troops were 
in order. Nor did the infantry all cross until next day; and then, without a 
sign of the enemy. General Banks replaced the infantry south of the river 
with cavah-y, who occupied the road for miles out. 



BANKS'S RETREAT. 91 

But Major Dwiglit — brave and beloved — was niiss- 
inof. Surgeon Leland, who had remained with the 
wounded at Kernstown, and Assistant-Surgeon Stone, 
who would not abandon the hospital in his charge at 
Winchester, were prisoners. Captain Mudge and Sec- 
ond Lieutenant Crowninshield were wounded, — Mudge, 
carried for miles in the arms of a few of his men, who, 
separated from the command, succeeded in taking him to 
Harper's Ferry. Emerson and Staples, of C ; Lakin, 
of D ; Dane and Peck, of G ; O'Connell, of H ; and 
Higgins, of I, — were killed in action. Stephens (A.), 
of B ; Colvin, of D ; Churchill, Vosc, and Williams, 
of F; Bickford and Bosmore, of I, — were mortally 
wounded. Forty-one others were wounded. And, 
besides seventeen of the wounded, seventy-seven were 
prisoners.^ Of the dead, Higgins was buried at Bartons- 
ville ; the others, on the field near AVinchester. 

Jackson's object had been accomplished. Not in 
destroying or capturing the division, which he ought to 
have done ; but in effectually breaking up the plans of 
the general-in-chief, by frightening the authorities, as 
usual, into the securing "the defence of Washington," 
which his mere advance accomplished. The troops 
were never " to uncover Washinoton." McDowell was 



1 Pollard, in his " Southern History," says that Jackson took " four thou- 
sand prisoners." As General Banks had but two brigades, tlie brilliancy of 
this statement is evident. It is a sample of Pollard. He is not worth refer- 
ring to again. 

The " English Combatant's Battle-fields of the South "' makes Banks's 
force twenty tliousand men, and says that Winchester " was strongly forti- 
fied." English ! 



92 SECOISTD MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

not to re-enforce McClellan for the capture of Ricli- 
mond. "The President's order," said McDowell just 
before this aifair, " is a crushing blow ; ... we shall 
have all our large masses paralyzed." They were : and 
Banks's command, fatally weakened early in May, had 
met with a crushing disaster. Banks, left with less 
than eight thousand men, had been overpowered by a 
force admitted to be over twenty thousand. 

Crossing the river to Williamsport, camp was estab- 
lished half a mile back of the town, and continued 
until the 10th of June. Here Major Dwight suddenly 
returned. Various accounts had insisted that he was 
dead. But he had yielded a moment, in Winchester, 
to the solicitations of a wounded man to place him in a 
house. It was a momentary stop, but when he came 
out, the rebels were there. Receiving his arms, an offi- 
cer asked him, "Have you no other arms?" — "If you 
are very particular," replied the major, " here is a pen- 
knife." He was treated kindly ; and after considerable 
effort succeeded in getting paroled, and reached our 
lines. Ashe came to camp, a shout went up, "The 
major ! "' All order seemed to vanish as the men rushed 
towards him, took hold of his clothes, cheered; and 
escorted the happy, laughing man into camp. He was 
not exchanged until after Cedar Mountain. Surgeon 
Leland was paroled, and left with wounded at Winchester 
when the rebels quitted. Assistant-Surgeon Stone Avas 
paroled ; the parole to be a free release, if at Washing- 
ton he could secure an aoreement that surgeons should 
be not liable to capture, — which was accomplished. 



BANKS'S KETREAT. 93 

A chjinG;e of command took place. Two brigadiers 
had been sent from Washington, and had arrived; but 
were not assigned, at Strasburg. On the 28th of May, 
Brijjadier-General George L. Greene took command of 
the Third Brigade. He was a good and brave soldier ; 
but an angel — if a military angel exists — could not 
have satisfied the men, after their experience of Colonel 
Gordon in the retreat. A sense of injustice was preva- 
lent. General Banks felt the harshness of removing 
an officer who had rendered such service, and who had 
always been so efficient ; but he was powerless. He is- 
sued, however, an order in which he expressed his — 

" Unqualified approval of the manner in which Colonel 
George II. GordoQ has discharged the duties of brigade- 
commauder. lu orgauization, disciphue, iustruction, and 
equipment, he has maintained and elevated the standard of 
his command. In the execution of ordei's, — often, from 
the extreme necessities of our position and the great reduc- 
tiou of our force, sudden and ditRcuU, — he has been prompt 
and successful, exhibiting on all occasions the qualities of an 
accomplished and experienced officer. The commanding 
officer has also the pleasure of expi'essing his approval of 
the manner in which the Third "Brigade and its commander 
discharged their most important duties in the march from 
Strasburg, on the 2-4th instant ; and, in the affiiir with the 
enemy, as rear-guard of the column, in the evening of 
the same day, which contributed so much to the safety of the 
command ; and, in the engagement of the 2oth, at "Win- 
chester, Va. He has the strongest confidence that its 
distinguished character and reputation will be maintained 
hereafter." 

But this removal resulted in the immediate [)romotiou 



94 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IXFANTRY. 

of Colonel Gordon. He had been unanimously recom- 
mended for the appointment of brigadier, by the Con- 
gressional delegation from Massachusetts, in August, 
1861. The personal opposition of a Massachusetts 
official had prevented it ; but General Banks knew his 
Tv^orth, and had regularly arranged his brigades to place 
him at the head of his own. The glaring injustice now 
overrode personal influence ; and his promotion for his 
conduct in the retreat, was made June 12, 1862. "He 
has got his promotion," wrote one official to another. 
" I could not help it : he earned it." The scene, when 
he took leave of his old regiment, with the reply of 
Lieutenant-Colonel Andrews, was affecting. 

General Greene continued in command, and Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Andrews was promoted colonel : Ser- 
geant Miller, of Company D, was promoted to be 
second lieutenant, — by and by, to be disabled by 
wounds. 

Of General Fremont's movements from Western Vir- 
ginia (on which he started May 25) into the valley; 
of Jackson's sudden evacuation of Winchester, necessi- 
tated thereby ; of the pursuit, and of the battles of 
Cross Keys and Port Republic in consequence, — it is 
out of the province of this account to speak. But the 
valley was cleared for the time. 

At Williamsport came a paper of a private charac- 
ter from the War Department. At Strasburg, the 
line officers (if the lieutenant - colonel commanding 
knew of it, he kept silence), terribly chagrined that a 
regiment of such material, and made by so much labor, 



BANKS'S RETREAT. 95 

slionkl be kept in inaction at Strasburg, wliile other 
troops were to win glory in Eastern Virginia, had ven- 
tured to address a letter to the Secretary, stating their 
case, and asking, if the good of the service would per- 
mit, to be put where they could do something. Tiie 
answer was kind and appreciative : but " the exigencies 
of the service required that the regiment should stay at 
Strasburg." This answer was received at Williams- 
port, and was thought, imder the circumstances, to be 
rather a good joke. There was to be glory enough by 
and by. 



96 SECOND IMASSACHUSETTS INFAlNTKr. 



VIII. 



GEXEEAL POPE. 



On the 7th of June, General Greene told the bri- 
gade to be " in readiness to move across the river 
at an hour's notice ; " and that " neither officers or 
men will be permitted to leave the camp." On the 
day previous, General Banks had issued an order, that 
General Williams's Division was to " march through the 
city of Winchester, in close order, with drums beating ; 
and in no case whatever will any soldier be permitted 
to leave the ranks." This was to prevent that salutary 
vengeance which the incensed soldiers would have ta- 
ken on all houses from which men and women had fired 
on our soldiers in the retreat. Perhaps it was best, but 
that infamous town never met its deserts. Luckily, 
Satan will get his own some day. 

Furious rains had prevented a crossing for four or 
five days ; but, on the 10th, the troops crossed the 
river, the band of the Second playing " Carry me back 
to ole Virginny." Bivouacked that night near Falling 
Waters ; the next, camped at Bunker Hill. The next 
day approached Winchester ; halted an hour outside the 
town ; marched through in the manner designated, find- 



GENERAL POPE. 97 

ing there General Sigel's Corps, which had been sent 
across from Harper's Ferry, on the usual principle of 
doing every thing too late. The colonel got a bou- 
quet in Winchester, Avhich proved that there was 
one decent woman in that ungodly town. Kept on 
for a mile below town ; rested for some hours, and then 
moved to Bartonsville, six miles below Winchester, 
and camped. So far into Virginia, everybody had 
scrupulously abstained, according to orders of the brig- 
adier, from even getting a drop of water from any- 
body's well, which seemed rather hard in that villainous 
country, and was very discouraging to a chaplain in re- 
gard to the increase of swearing. 

At Bartonsville, where the bullets of the enemy were 
visible in the bridge-posts, the regiment remained six 
days. Discipline was strict. Soldiers even had to re- 
build a fence whose rails had been taken for firewood, 
the secession owner complaining about it. Fine times 
those were : but profanity increased. 

Here came to the regiment William H. Hcatli, as 
volunteer surgeon. When it was known in Boston, 
that both the medical officers of the Second were pris- 
oners, Surgeon-General Dale sent a despatch to Dr. 
Heath, to come in to Boston. He went immediately. 
" Will you go to the Second for temporary service ? " 
"Yes: when?" — "This afternoon?" — "Yes. " He 
had time only to purcliase a valise and a suit of clothing ; 
and, sending a "good-by " to his wife, whom there was 
not time to see, left for Virginia. Wiien lie arrived, he 
was persuaded to accept a commission ; and he did not 

7 



98 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY . 

see his home again imtil 1864. He was to be recog- 
nized as one of the best sursfeons and truest men in the 
corps, before he died, of disease caused by devotion to 
duty in the trenches before Atlanta. 

On the 18th, moved to near Front Royal, and re- 
mained there until the 6th of July. General Fremont 
was then holding Strasbm'g ; and the two commands 
were separated, for fifty miles, by a line in the road, 
— which tended to unity of plan, of course. 

On the 25th, General Gordon was replaced in com- 
mand of the brigade. He was jo}4iilly welcomed back. 
General Greene had secured respect, and deserved it ; 
and when he was afterwards severely wounded, the bri- 
gade sincerely mourned : but General Gordon they 
knew. 

It was a hot Sunday, that of the 6th of July. 
Ready to move early ; but not until eleven o'clock was 
the "forward " heard. A few miles on, at the junction 
of the north fork and main stream of the Shenandoah, 
waited in an open plain in the blazing sun for hours, 
while the trains got out of the way. Crossed the tem- 
porary bridge ; passed over Kenly's battle-ground, and 
saw plenty of old u'on ; went through the pretty village 
of Front Royal, and camped a mile south ; men fell 
down, entirely exhausted by the heat, on reaching the 
camp-ground, but many found comfort in a cooling 
bath in the brawling brook near by. On the 7th, re- 
veille at three, a.m. ; at six, on the road for the Blue 
Ridge. Passed up Chester Gap, w^iere the. cooling- 
breeze refreshingly tempered the powerful heat ; de- 



GENERAL POPE. 99 

scended, and thanked God that we were out of the 
valley at last. ^lade twelve miles before eleven o'clock ; 
rested in a beautiful wood just before Flint Hill ; and, 
towards night, had orders to camp, and a delightful 
shower blessed the camp. 

Some kind of a local magistrate dropped into camp 
in the afternoon, whide the grapes were being eaten, 
to discuss matters. His coolness was refreshing. He 
insisted that we had no constitutional right to " invade" 
Virginia, for the Constitution gave no right to carry- 
on a war outside of the United States. Virginia had 
seceded ; ergo, war in Virginia was unconstitutional. 
Further, we ought to restore fugitive slaves, fur the 
Fugitive-Slave law said so. "' But," said the General, 
" is Vii'ginia one of the United States? " — " Xo," was 
the prompt reply. " Then what have you got to do 
with the Fugitive-Slave law, or the Constitution of the 
United States ? " 

Rear-guard next day. Slow business ; but it gave 
time to eat the cherries. Waiting for the trains, the 
men ate cherries ; picked cherries to eat on the road ; 
cut limbs fidl of cherries to carry along. Providence 
had evidently made those chen-ies for that occasion ; 
and yet the secession owners had the impudence and 
impiety to object to the ways of Providence I Five 
miles beyond the cherry-trees, halted ; then camped, 
and here recovered divers stolen horses. It was near 
Gaines's Cross-roads. On the 11th, eight miles to 
near Warrenton. 

On the 12th : ''Orders havins: been received from Ma- 



100 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS rNFANTRY. 

jor-General Pope, commanding the Army of Virginia, 
to have this command in constant readiness for a move- 
ment," &c. &c. — as if it had been doing any thing 
else! On the same day, the "Zouaves d'Afrique," 
good men under an absurd title and in an absurd dress, 
M^ere assigned to duty, under Colonel Andrews, — 
" where they will ' receive proper instruction and dis- 
cipline." They certainly got it ; and they proved their 
bravery at Cedar Mountain.^ 

General Pope was in command. On the 26th day of 
June, by special order of the President, he had been 
assigned to this position. It Avas a good thing that 
three separate commands in one department were now 
to be under one helid, — McDowell's, to be known as 
the 1st Corps ; Banks's, the 2d ; and Fremont's, the 
3d, of the "Army of Virginia," by order of August 12. 
Fremont, it will be remembered, refused to serve under 
a junior in rank ; but Banks made no objection. 

On the 14th of July (General Crawford was in tem- 
porary command of the division that day), General 
Pope issued his address. It was by no means well 
received. " I have come from the West," he said, 
"where we have always seen the backs of our enemies." 
The enemy saw his by and by. "I hear constantly," he 
said, " of taking strong positions, and holding them [ if 



1 This company had been General Banks's guard. " An English Com- 
batant," in his work, "Battle-Fields of the South," — a work full of lies 
from beginning to end, — in referring to a mention of these Zouaves, says, 
" My reader will not fail to observe ti-om the above, that General Banks's 
body-guard is composed of negroes." The writer need not have said he was 
English. 



GENERAL POPE. 101 

he liad held his, it would have been better for Massa- 
chusetts] ; of lines of retreat, and of bases of supplies. 
Let us discard such ideas." The latter were discarded 
when supplies came down to green corn ; the former 
were not, when they led inside the fortifications of 
Washington. It was not the way to talk to soldiers 
who had proved their daring against overwhelming 
powers. The papers said that General Pope's " head- 
quarters were to be in the saddle." They ought to 
have said, "in a good many saddles, and wagons enough 
for a division," — as ap[)eared when five weeks after 
his assignment to command the General was received 
by the Second Corj)s. 

Another order was sensible : " Hereafter no guards 
will be placed over private houses or private property 
of any description whatever. Commanding officers 
are responsible for the conduct of the troops under 
their command." 

Here baggage was cut down again, July 16 : one 
valise to an officer ; three officers to a tent (which was 
luxury compared to subsequent days) ; a " shelter tent 
[tent d'abri] to each two privates." The Sibleys de- 
parted, and were seen no more. Ten days' rations to 
be kept on hand ; a hundred and fifty rounds of ammu- 
nition per man to be kept in the wagons. 

How we came to Warrenton was a blunder. Some 
stui)id official had written " Warrenton," instead of 
"Washington, " — the "Little Washington " westward. 
So, on^the 10th, marched to Hedgeman's liiver, crossed 
it, and camped in a sharp thunder-storm. The next 



102 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

day, througli the forlorn village of Amissville, to 
Gaines's Cross-roads ; and, turning westward, travelled 
in another thunder-storm to a steep hillside overlooking 
the little village of Little Washington, which nestled 
prettily under its trees, but proved a sham when one 
went into it. Here military exercises went on, — 
instruction of men and officers in sighting, aiming, 
calculating distances, and so on. 

On the 25th, moved a mile below the village, where 
a camp was laid out on regulation distances, — to follow 
which would take half a State for a respectable army. 
Here was a great review and sham fights and cavalry 
charges. Here it was learned that General Pope had 
got to Warrenton ; and here he soon appeared. On 
the 3d of August, he was formally received, on the 
day of his own selection, — which was Sunday; but, 
when at the close General Banks was to have Sunday 
observed by twenty minutes of public worship, General 
Pope galloped off in a hurry. 

Various changes took place in the roll of officers in 
July. Captain Underwood was appointed major in the 
Thirty-third Massachusetts. Lieutenant Horton, then 
detailed on General Greene's staff, was appointed 
assistant adjutant-general ; Lieutenant Wheaton, then 
on General Gordon's staff, commissary of subsistence ; 
Lieutenant Hawes, also on General Gordon's staff, 
assistant-quartermaster ; and Second Lieutenant Scott, 
also on the same staff, assistant adjutant-general, each 
with the rank of captain. Two of the vacancies made 
in the second lieutenancies were filled in July, — by the 



GENERAL, POPE. 103 

promotion of Albert W. Powers, first sergeant of G, 
and Edward A. Phalen, first sergeant of C, — neither 
commission arriving until after each had been wounded 
at Cedar Mountain. 

The line of the army ran through Warrenton, Little 
AVashington, Sperryville, and Luray ; while in the 
valley somebody was holding, rather shakingly, that 
Sodom named Winchester ; and the rebels were gather- 
ing, up tlie valley, the rich crops which a general order, 
early in the season, had told the people to raise, — on 
the old plan of feeding the enemy. The left of the 
line was now to be swung forward so that the whole 
army should be on the road from Culpeper to Sperry- 
ville ; while cavalry, well forward, covered its front, 
from the Blue Ridge to the forks of the Rappahannock. 
General Banks was to move to Hazel River. 

The Second left Little Washington, August 6th ; 
passed General Sigel at Sperryville ; bivouacked at 
Woodville that night, and at Hazel River the next : 
fifty or more recruits joined here, and Colonel An- 
drews — the indefatigable man — had a battalion-drill 
in the morninir. 



104 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



IX. 



CEDAR MOUNTAIN. 

The enemy was crossing the Rapidan. Culpeper was 
occupied about the 4th of August, by Crawford's 
Brigade, of Banks's Corps ; and on the 7th, Ricketts's 
Division, McDowell's Corps, arrived. Bayard's Cav- 
alry Avas near Rapidan Station, and Buford's at Barnett's 
Ford. The enemy made a feint of sending off a column 
by way of Madison Court-house ; but his object was 
Culpeper. On the morning of the 8th, Bayard was 
pressed slowly back ; while Buford rejDorted the enemy 
advancing- on Madison. Crawford's Brii^ade was sent 
out towards Cedar Mountain to support Bayard, and 
General Banks was ordered up from Hazel River. 
The Second bivouacked that night (or what was left of 
the night), just on the north of Culpeper. Jackson, 
the old opponent, was busy again. ^ 

On the morning of the 9th, directions to fall in ; 
to camp ; to fall in again. An officer rode up to 
General Banks, with an order. It was given verbally, 



1 " Learning that only a portion of General Pope's army was at Culpeper 
Court-house, General Jackson resolved to attack it before the arrival of the 
remainder." — Lee's Eeports. 



CEDAll MOUNTAIX. 105 

but reduced to writing by General Banks's assistant 
adjutant-general, Colonel Pelouze ; and read to the offi- 
cer who brought it, who pronounced it correct. It 
was this : — 

" CuLPEPER, 9.45, A.M., Aug. 9, 1862. 
" General Banks will move to the front immediately ; assume 
command of all the forces in the front ; deploy his skirmishers, 
if the enemy approaches ; and attack him immediately, as soon 
as he approaches ; and be re-enforced from here." ^ 

On the road, then, to support Crawford, who was 
being pressed by the enemy. Through Culpeper, on a 
south-west course. It was an intensely hot day. One 
man, — Carey, of F, — died from exhaustion, and was 
buried by the roadside : he was a recruit, who had 
joined but a few days before. Two or three miles out 
of Culpeper, a whole division (Ricketts's) was passed, 
— destined to chafe uselessly in sound of every shot of 
that day. Now and then, the dull, heavy sound of 
single shots was heard. Five miles from Culpeper, left 
the road at the run, followed its rough course west- 
ward half a mile, and saw Cedar Mountain, — a tall, 
steep hill, overlooking the low ground ; passed up the 
hill on which was Brown's house, and the brigade was 
put in line on the wooded crest beyond it, in a com- 
manding position, to which General Gordon had 
pointed, while in the low ground, and received the 
assent of General Roberts, General Pope's chief of 



1 General Pope, in his official report, says, " I regret that General Banks 
thou<;ht it expedient to depart from my instructions." It is useless to try- 
to reconcile this statement with his order. 



106 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

staff, who soon rode up and approved it. The other 
brigades were not then in position ; when they were 
stationed, it was so that the Third Brigade thus had the 
extreme riglit, at an angle with Crawford's, and, in fact, 
totally disconnected : next to Crawford were Geary, 
Greene, and Prince, in order. Crawford's Brigade 
was in a wood ; the other three, in tlie open ground, 
which was slightly rolling, and their line ran east and 
west. Gordon's original position was never attacked. 

A mile and a half south of the line. Cedar Mountain 
towered up over the plain. Up that mount, the enemy 
placed batteries ; and there stood Jackson , able to see 
the movement of every regiment of ours. His line, 
gradually developed, came to be about parallel to ours 
of the four brigades, — his left hid in the woods like 
our right, and crossing the open ground to the hill. 
The enemy numbered, one of their accounts says, 
" about fifteen thousand men." The same authority 
(Cooke) mentions ten brigades ; and their official list of 
casualties agrees with this, — specifying losses from 
forty-two regiments of infantry, one regiment of cav- 
alry, and four " battalions," besides the batteries. 
Banks's five brigades numbered less than eight thousand 
men.^ 



1 Cooke says, " The Federal force opposed to him was undoubtedly much 
larger than his own." He estimates it at thirty-two thousand, including 
Banks's, Sigel's, and a division of McDowell's. In fact, none but Banks's 
men were within miles of the battle-field, as he might have known from 
the official reports. Dabney says, " The Federalists, according to their own 
returns, had thirty-two thousand men engaged in this battle." Cooke is 
honestly mistaken; Dabney, dishonestly. 



CEDAR MOUNTAIN. 107 

Standing on the height in front of Brown's house, 
General Gordon's Brigade was ahiiost in one's rear. 
Looking southward, across a run, was a wooded 
swell; an eighth of a mile through, on the southern 
edge of the wood, was Crawford: an open field, rather 
more than two hundred yards across, separated him 
from a wood occupied by the rebels. Crawford's wood 
ran eastward to a point. There was General Banks in 
person, near Geary. Next beyond could be seen 
Greene, and then Prince. Cedar Mountain is full in 
view. Early in the afternoon. General Banks's skir- 
mishers are seen pushing forward. The enemy presses 
them. General Banks with his left and centre meet the 
enemy. 1 There is a rattling fire. The enemy have 
not developed yet ; their troops are mainly out of sight, 
behind the wood in front of Crawford, — in the valley 
west of the mountain. But they press harder soon. 
The guns up Cedar Mountain open. Their plunging 
shot plough the ground : occasionally, shell burst in 
our line. Our artillery, stationed on slight elevations, 
repHes. The enemy open with guns from behind the 
woods in front of our General ; and the artillery fire 
becomes rapid on both sides. The moving of guns, 
the shifting of cavalry, the slight changes in line, are 
visible. It does not yet appear in what force are the 
enemy. It is two hours before the artillery play gives 
place to the rattle of musketry to much extent. 



1 This is all which bears upon General Pope's statement, that " General 
Banks had left the strong position which he had taken up, and had advanced 
two miles to meet the enemj'." 



108 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Then, the battery behind the point of woods is so 
annoying- on onr centre, that General Banks orders 
Crawford to move across the open field, pierce the 
woods, and attack the battery, while his centre moves 
on at the same time. The order is gallantly obeyed. 
His brigade moves on, increased by five companies of 
the Third Wisconsin, of Gordon's Brigade, as skir- 
mishers, — steadily thinned by a terrible fire from the 
concealed foe, and by a flank fire which comes from 
the thicket on the west of the field, in which the enemy 
have been hidden, — both Crawford's Brigade, and five 
companies of our Third Wisconsin. Donelly, the brave 
colonel of the Twenty-eighth New York, is mortally 
wounded by a shot from the thicket. Crane, the gal- 
lant lieutenant-colonel of the Third Wisconsin, falls 
dead. Officers are swept ofi" in every regiment. The 
men keep on, pierce the wood ; but, not far within it, 
the line has melted away.^ 

Looking backward from Brown's house, still remains 
the Third Brigade : the Second, the 3d Wisconsin 
(five companies), and the 27th Indiana, — three regi- 
ments true as steel. The Second only is visible : some 



1 It must be in reference to this, and to the movement of the centre, that 
Lee's Report saj's, " Tlie main body of the Federal infantry, under cover of 
a wood and the undulations of the field, gained the left of Jackson's Divis- 
ion, now commanded by General Taliaferro, and poured a destructive fire 
into its flank and rear. Campbell's Brigade fell back in confusion, 
exposing the flank of Taliaferro's, which also gave way, as did the left of 
Early's. The rest of his brigade, however, firmly held its ground. Wind- 
er's Brigade, with Branch's (of A. P. Hill's Division) on its right, advanced 
promptly to the support of Jackson's Division; and, after a sanguinary 
struggle, the enemy was repulsed with loss." 



CEDAR MOUNTAIiSr. 109 

of the men fire asleep ; some are making coffee ; 
some are looking at the battle-field. The ambulances 
are grouped in the road cutting the wood. General 
Gordon stands watching, his glass almost steadily 
to his eye ; for General Williams has told him, that, 
so soon as an order is sent for the Third Brigade to 
move, he will wave a handkerchief. The rattle of the 
musketry chafes him ; and he watches for the signal. 
It does not come, but, impatient, — " Fall in ! " Every 
man is on his feet. Waiting all through Crawford's 
attack. At last, "Forward, double-quick!" Past the 
house, down the slope, over the run, up into Crawford's 
woods, past the wounded, and to re-enforce Crawford. 
But Crawford's Brigade is, for the time, annihilated ; 
and Gordon's takes its place, gathering up, also, the 
five Wisconsin companies which had assisted Crawford. 
Formed at the edge of the open field (Captain Abbott 
with A, skirmishers, behaving gallantly), they are 
received with a keen, well-aimed fire. Colonel Andrews 
spoke a few words to his skirmishers, upon their duty, 
and passed along the line. The brigade open fire, the 
Second firing by file. Soon the musketry ceased to be 

"The day seemed lost," says Cooke. "In vain did the Confederate 
oflScers attenipt to hold the men steady. ... At that moment of disaster 
and impending ruin, amid the clouds of smoke, his voice was heard rising 
above the uproar and the thunder of the guns. . . . His exertions to rally 
the men were crowned with success. . . . The old Stonewall Brigade and 
Branch's Brigade advanced at a double-quick." 

These exft-acts show how near, against a vastly superior force, the 
battle of Cedar Mountain was to being a victory. The single division lying 
baci?, in sound of the guns, impatient for orders, had it been on hand, would 
have turned the scale. But Pope, who had ordered Banks to attack, did 
not send the promised re-enforcemeuts. 



110 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

a rattle : it was an unbroken roar, tlie artillery all 
silent. For thirty minutes it was steady. Colonel 
Andrews's horse is shot under him. Savage is 
wounded, and Quincy, and two-thirds of the ofHcers. 
The line is thinning fast. 

But the enemy advance in line. They are received 
with a savage fire, and never get nearer than fifty 
yards. 

There is a heavy force on our right, into which our 
brigade is firing. They are in blue. " I think," said 
Colonel Colgrove, " we are firing on our own men." 
General Gordon rode forward, and was met by a savage 
fire. Then that force advanced, through the bushes. 
A heavy fire comes down on the right flank. The 
bullets come like hail. The line shrivels up. It is a 
question of annihilation or retreat. The force moving 
on three regiments was made up of Winder's, Branch's, 
Pendei-'s, and Archer's Brigades. The General ordered 
the line to fall back ; and, while the centre and left 
were pressed by Ewell, it fell back to its old position 
by Brown's house, just as the darkness was deepening. 
The enemy has the wood, but does not pursue. General 
Banks establishes a line about a mile to the rear of his 
former ; and the troops who would have saved the day, 
if they had been ordered up to the support of General 
Banks, come to the support ; and General Pope, too. 

The losses of the Second had been terrible : Captains 
Abbott, Cary, Williams, and Goodwin, and Lieutenant 
Perkins, — dead ; Major Savage, — mortally wounded, 
•and a prisoner ; Captain Quincy and Lieutenant Miller, 



CEDAK MOUNTAIN. Ill 

— wounded and prisoners ; Surgeon Leland (early in 
the action), Lieutenants Oakey, Browning, Grafton, 
Robeson, — wounded; Captain Russell, — a prisoner. 
Enlisted men : Corporal Bassett, Bright, Dyer, Flem- 
ming, Hazelton, Livingston, and Sergeant Whitten, of 
A ; Gilson and Corporal Oakes, of B ; Brown (F. H.) , • 
Cochrane, Frames, Corporal Grey,. Hines, Jewell, 
Stonehall, and Williston, of C ; Bickford, Corporal Fay, 
and Corporal Wilcox, of D ; Ide and Sparrow, of 
E : Sergeant Andrews, Hatch, Howard, and Hoxsey, 
of G ; Corporal Cahill, Corporal De Weale, and Duffy, 
of H; Sergeant Willis, of I; and Conlan, Daly, 
Livingstone, Montague, Roberts, and Watson, of K, 

— killed; Corporal Buxton, Gilman, and Spalding, of 
A; Stephens (J.), of B; Donovan, of C; Daniels, 
of E; Moore, of F; Dillingham, Greene (M.), 
Smith, and First-Sergeant Williston, of G ; Sylvester, 
of I; and Hauboldt, of K, — were mortally wounded. 
Ninety-nine others were wounded ; and fourteen men, 
besides four of the wounded, were prisoners. Of the 
twenty-three officers who went upon the field, seven 
only came back unhurt ; and thirty-five per cent of the 
regiment, as engaged, were killed or wounded. The 
company of Zouaves, which, the colonel officially said, 
had " honorably and creditably discharged their duty on 
the field," lost one commissioned officer, Lieutenant 
Heirvack, — missing ; four non-commissioned officers 
and privates, — killed, and seven, — missing. 

When, in the momentary absence of Colonel An- 
drews to see the wounded, the next in rank was sought 



112 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

for, it was the junior captain, whose commission had 
arrived a few days before. 

Well might General Pope say in his official report, 
" The Massachusetts regiments [there was but one] 
behaved with especial gallantry, and sustained the 
heaviest losses." ^ 

Equally well did General Pope speak of the " distin- 
guished gallantry .• . . of General Gordon."^ 

Equally well did he say, " The conduct of the whole 
corps was beyond all praise." 

And equally well, "I cannot speak too highly of the 
ceaseless intrepidity of General Banks himself, during 
the whole engagement. . . . He exposed himself as 
freely as any one under his command ; and his examj)le 
went far to secure that gallant and noble conduct which 
has made his corps famous." ^ 

Some time after, there came the following order : — 

Headquartehs, Army of Virginia, 
Near Cedar Mountain, Va., Aug. 16, 1862. 
General Orders, No. 21. 

Tlie following despatch has been received from the Gen- 
eral-iu-Cliief of the Ai'my, and, with this order, will be 
published at the head of every regiment and detachment in 
this command : — 

1 No official record of the losses of the corps has met the writer's eye. 
Of General Gordon's less than 1500 men, 466 were killed, wounded, or 
missing. General Lee's Report makes the Confederate loss, 229 killed, 1,047 
wounded, — total, 1,276. 

2 " Colonel Andrews, Colonel Ruger, Colonel Colgrove . . . deserving 
praise for gallant conduct." — General Gordon. "My Staff, Captain H. B. 
Scott, A A.G., Captain Charles Wheaton, and Lieutenant Robert G. Shaw, 

rendered me especial service. I owe them many thanks for their labors 
and coolness under this terrific fire." — General Gordon. 

3 I make no criticism upon the conduct of this battle, because I am not 
qualified. Recording events only, much of which I saw, military men will 
know what was wrong. 



CEDAR MOUNTAIN. 113 

War Department, Washington, Aug. 14, 1862. 
Major-General Pope, — Your telegram of last evening 
is most satisfactory ; and I congratulate you and your army, 
and particularly General Banks and his corps, on your hard- 
earned but brilliant success against vastly superior numbers. 
Your troops have covered themselves with glory; and 
Cedar Mountain will be known in history as one of the great 
battle-fields of the war. H. W. Halleck, 

General-in- Chief. 

The Major-General commanding the Army of Virginia 
has little to add to this despatch. It is a feeble expression 
of his feelings, to say that he Avas delighted and astonished 
at the gallant and intrepid conduct of his command, and 
especially of the Second Corps.^ Success and glory are sure 
to accompany such conduct ; and it is safe to predict, that 
Cedar Mountain is only the first of a series of victories which 
shall make the Army of Virginia famous in the land, and 
draw very close to the hearts of their countrymen every 
officer and soldier who belongs to it. 

John Pope, 
Major-General Commanding. 

The praise was merited. But were the congratulations 
on the brilliant success and victory, a burlesque? Our 
men felt that they could well spare such victories as 
being driven from the field by vastly superior numbers, 
leaving their wounded in the hands of the enemy, bury- 
ing their dead afterwards by permission of the enemy ; 
while the arms captured by the rebels, lay in huge piles. 
But that was the way they used to write history. 

The evening after the battle, the Second, in its brig- 
ade, was placed in the centre of the new army hne, 



1 General Banks's. 



114 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY. 

and close up to the enemy ; so close, that one of its sen- 
tries (Harrington, of Company E) captured, by a little 
finesse, a party that rode up by mistake. Here it was 
that General Banks was injured, and General Pope near 
capture, — General Pope refusing to believe General 
Gordon's statement that the enemy were but a few 
yards off. 

Brown's house was the hospital for the brigade ; 
while a mile and a half to the rear was another, — a 
brick liouse near the Culpcper road. Over fifty of our 
wounded were got off the field, principally by the untir- 
ing efforts of 'the regimental band, which persisted 
until two of its number, Rawson and Smeath, were 
made prisoners. Our wounded were at Brown's ; includ- 
ing Surgeon Leland, who, though wounded in the head, 
could hardly be persuaded to leave their care to others. 
Colonel Andrews could not bear to leave his 
wounded without an officer ; and, as Surgeon Leland 
was wounded, Assistant-Surgeon Stone in Maryland on 
duty, and Assistant-Surgeon Heath sick with typhoid 
fever, it was the privilege of the chaplain to remain. 
Doctor Chappel, the efficient and faithful medical 
director ; and Surgeon Bennett, of the Fifth Connecti- 
cut, — than whom no timer man ever wore the green 
sash, — remained also, with the comforting assurance 
that the enemy would immediately occupy this impor- 
tant height. But, though they pushed up on the central 
plain past the house, and lay there, two hundred and 
fifty yards off, they left the place untouched. Within 
the house and without were hundreds of wounded. 



CEDAR MOUNTAIN. 115 

All night, in the moonlight, when the fleecy clouds 
permitted it, and by candles otherwise, under the trees 
were the men cared for; while, for hours, the musket- 
barrels of the enemy's sentries glittered in the edge of 
a wood. At eleven o'clock, — a flash, — a report, — 
and a whizzing shell flew screaming into the woods just 
north and east ; and another, — then over the hospital, 
and then up the plain ; and our artillery replied as furi- 
ously, their thunder continuous and unceasing, lightning- 
flashing from the muzzles. Half an hour, and it had 
ceased. Who had driven, the hospital did not know ; 
but the enemy's muskets were still glittering. Early in 
the night, a brigade filed quietly in between the hospital 
and the enemy ; so quietly, that their very presence, not 
thirty yards ofl", was not known at first. But hope 
leaped in the breast ; for Massachusetts men were there, 
— the Twelfth and the Thirteenth. Before morninff, 
the enemy drew back. 

A few ambulances were there. The chaplain had 
learned of a circuitous path through the woods, to the 
rear of the line, — the direct road being in the enemy's 
possession. Doctor Chappel authorized an attempt to 
remove the wounded. Patiently the work went on, 
sometimes interrupted by rebel shell. At three o'clock 
in the morning. General McDowell sent word that that 
spot was untenable. Patience still ; and at six, the last 
man was gone. 

When the gray of morning came, — the wounded 
not all sent ofl", — looking southward, near a mile off*, 
were the rebels drawn up in a long line of battle, but 



116 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

motionless. Even the gunners could be seen at their 
guns. On the north, our brigades were moving into 
position. It gave promise of a fierce day. But all 
that Sunday they lay grimly watching each other, while 
not a shot broke the stillness. Brown's house was left ; 
and in it a beautiful boy of eighteen months, who, on 
the day before, had slept through the heavy artillery- 
thunder, while his mother always stood between her 
child and the guns as though her body could shelter 
him. 

At nisfht came a rumor to the reo'iment that the 
wounded men were still on the field, and that the rebel 
pickets had fallen back to the wood which Crawford had 
tried to pierce. A party was detailed by the colonel, 
with consent of our general, to attempt their help. 
Lieutenant Abbott commanded it, and Wisconsin men 
were added, and the chaplain of the Second obtained 
permission to accompany it. Three miles on, and half 
a mile from the ground. General Sigel refused to allow 
the risk of losing the party. It was midnight, and 
nothing remained but to sleep at the picket line. At 
early gray. Lieutenant Abbott tried again for permis- 
sion. While he was seeking it, the chaplain of the 
Second ventured to elude the pickets, and go on. (It 
was, it is fair to say, his only breach of military disci- 
pline in three years.) Crossing the run, finding a 
wounded soldier who had crawled down there, and 
getting confirmation of the facts ; passing up and 
through the wood, it was his privilege to be the first to 
comfort the wounded with the assurance of help. Men 




(DAlPTTo [BnC[K]A[Fu[D) (CAlK^o 



CEDAE MOUNTAIN. 117 

wept with joy. " We thought you were never coming ! " 
A rebel sentry was opposite ; and, at the waving of a 
handkerchief, waved a cap, and nodded. 

There were the dead, — one, whose clear, ringing 
"fall in," the Saturday before, still sounded on the ear ; 
one, who in reply to the question (as he left an ambu- 
lance) " Are you strong enough to go ? " had answered 
with a smile, "I cannot stay when my men go," and 
had been almost carried by two of his men ; one, lying- 
there with a miniature, who had said a little before, "If 

any thing should happen to me, it would kill " ; and 

near him, still alive to watch his commander. Sergeant 
Williston, whose entreaties had saved the picture, — 
alas ! himself to die soon ; one, with the crisp hair, of 
which a single lock should go home, as the last of the 
frank, brave, true man ; and many an one whose homes 
mourned — that sad day for Massachusetts. 

Truce was established ; and rebel and loyal rode 
around the neutral ground. Ambulances came, and car- 
ried away the wounded. Parties came to bury the dead. 
There was Crane, lieutenant-colonel of the Third Wis- 
consin, — the Second mourned him too, — and O'Brien 
of the same, who lay there and died there. Rebel sol- 
diers had sheltered some with blankets or boughs ; had 
brought water, and sometimes biscuits and apples. 
But the dead had been stripped of every thing valuable, 
even to outer clothing. 

It took till past mid-day to bury the dead. Not all 
were laid there. Abbott and Gary and Goodwin 
and Williams sleep with their kindred ; and Perkin:5, 



118 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

at Alexandria. Savage, twice wounded, died at 
Charlottesville. But when the trenches were dug, 
and the Massachusetts dead were laid in them, green 
boughs were placed over them lest the earth should 
press too rudely ; and riot without Christian burial were 
they left to sleep, " earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust 
to dust." Around the two trenches were trees marked 
with three deep cuts each, that, while the trees stand, 
the place should be known. And there was carried 
away a leaf — kept as a sacred relic — which had drop- 
ped from the hand of a dying man, on which the first 
glance had fallen on these words : — 

" Seeing then that all these things shall be dissolved, what 
manner of persons ought ye to be in all holy conversation and 
godliness. Looking for and hasting unto the coming of the 
day of God, wherein the heavens being on fire shall be dis- 
solved, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat. Never- 
theless, we, according to his promise, look for new heavens 
and a new earth, wherein dwelleth righteousness." 



pope's eetreat. 119 



X. 



POPE S RETREAT. 

On the night after the battle of Cedar Mountain, the 
Second was in the centre of the new line, within a few 
hundred paces of the exultant but cautious enemy. 
In the course of the following forenoon, the corps was 
drawn back into the second line, on the plain ; still in 
sight of *the mountain, and between the road and the 
brick-liouse hospital. The wounded were still moving 
from that house to Culpeper, where a hotel, churches, 
and shops wei^e used as hospitals. At noon, the corps 
"was so cut up and worn down with fatigue," that 
General Pope " did not consider it capable of rendering 
any efficient service for several days ; " and sent it 
about a mile and a half to the left, and nearer Culpeper ; 
where, in a wood, it lay a few days. 

The main body of the enemy fell back, on the 10th, 
towards the Rapidan. But this was not known ; and 
they left a sufficient show of force to hold the battle 
ground, take off their wounded, bury their dead, and 
pile up the muskets, where they lay on Monday when 
the truce was in force. 



120 'second MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

A few days afterwards, General Pope pushed for- 
ward ; but General Banks's Corps was on the 12th 
sent back to Culpeper. There the Second remained 
six days, with six line officers only (Lieutenant Brown 
immediately asked to be relieved from duty at General 
Banks's headquarters, and returned), with but one 
field officer, and with a staff of adjutant, quartermas- 
ter, and chaplain. At Culpeper, Charles J. Mills 
(appointed second-lieutenant) joined for duty, and was 
assigned to Company D ; wounded severely at Antie- 
tam ; and subsequently killed in action. Dr. Robert 
Ware came out, also, to render temporary service, — a 
noble man, who, when surgeon of the Forty-fourth 
Massachusetts, died at Washington, N.C., "a victim 
to his fidelity to duty." Friends from Massachusetts 
also came to the saddened camp. 

During this interval. General Pope was operating 
with his cavalry down towards the Rapidan, again 
occupying the line from Raccoon Ford to the Blue 
Ridge. But he soon learned by the re-enforcements 
coming to Jackson, that the enemy, relieved from the 
care of Richmond by the withdrawal of McClellan, was 
sending its entire force against General Pope. Then 
began the effort to delay the enemy, until the army from 
the Peninsula, coming up the Potomac, could unite 
with the Army of Virginia. On the 14th of August, 
came General Reno, with eight thousand men of the 
forces which had arrived at Falmouth under Burnside : 
and Pope pushed forward his whole force (except Gen- 
eral Banks's Corps) towards the Rapidan. But it soon 



pope's RETPtEAT. 121 

became evident that this advanced line could not be 
maintained ; and, on the 18th, the whole army were 
put in motion back to the Rappahannock, which was to 
be held as long as possible, to embarrass and delay the 
enemy. ^ The trains moved first, and the whole force 
retired rapidly and handsomely. General Banks's 
Corps, on the evening of the 18th, moved a mile north 
of Culpeper, to have a fair start in the morning ; 
while, at Culpeper, railway trains were loading, wagons 
moving off, and sutlers in despair. On the 19th, by 
Brandy Station, and across the Rappahannock, to be 
stationed (the Second) a few rods south of the bridge. 
The 12th and 13th Massachusetts, in General McDow- 
ell's Corps, were near neighbors. It was a pleasant 
sight, that evening, when ninety good-looking recruits 
filed in, under Sergeant Stone, ^ and their roll was 
called by the light of a candle. They were wanted. 
The next morning, the enemy's cavalry drove in the 
pickets on the other side, and everybody watched a 
pretty cavalry skirmish on the opposite plain. Nothing 
came of it. But, the next day, there commenced 
movings up and down. All the trains had been sent to 
the rear, and were safe. In the evening, the Second 
moved down the river a mile, and bivouacked in a 
shower. Waked by cannonade in the morning, and 
moved up the river (suffering for water in that miserable 



1 General Reno, to move by way of Stevensburg to either Kelley's or 
Barnet's Ford; General Banks, and General McDowell, to Rappahannock 
railway crossing; General Sigel, through Jefferson, to Sulphur Springs. 

■- Now professor in Kenyon College. 



122 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY. 

country) six miles to Beverly Ford, to relieve a regi- 
ment of General Sigel's ; witnessed a lively fight about 
sunset, in a brilliant thunder-storm ; and bivouacked in 
the wet. 

General Gordon had been ordered to hold that ford. 
He posted Cothran's battery and the brigade, and 
waited sleeplessly. In the gray of the wet morning, 
he heard, with Colonel Ruger, a familiar sound : it was 
the noise of battery wheels. Soon the shot waked 
the men, and knocked over the regiment's rail fence. 
Colonel Andrews moved it a little to the right ; and 
General Gordon ordered the battery to open fire. The 
fog lifted a little, and Cothran knocked the enemy's 
guns to pieces; a second one shared the same fate, 
wheels breaking, guns falling. The enemy brought on 
a line of infantry, to get off their guns. Cothran's 
canister broke them, too ; having, himself, no man 
seriously hurt. 

The men of the regiment made and drank coffee, in 
the rain ; moved up the river ten miles to the sound of 
artillery, and bivouacked in a wet hollow a little before 
midnight, with "fires low." Next day, up by Sulphur 
Springs, round shot and shell cut the limbs overhead. 
The last two days, a diet of green corn, — hard bread, 
fifty cents a piece, and rapidly rising, — and a little 
meat scraped by a few men from bones left by another 
corps. Sheep were discovered ; and, after a lively 
skirmish, they surrendered. The next day, up to near 
Waterloo Bridge, by orders to help Sigel, who was fight- 
ing ; got there, and saw some fighting ; but Sigel "didn't 



pope's retreat. 123 

want" the corps, relying on his "jackass battei^ees," 
which were unfortunately lost. Back a mile or two, and 
stayed until next day ; then easterly, to near Warren- 
ton ; cannonade, and the sight, in the evening, of the 
burning hotel at Sulphur Springs. Next day, to near 
Bealeton Station, by way of Fayetteville ; the next, 
to near Catlett's ; the next, the 28th, to Kettle Kun ; 
and the next day was the first day of the second battle 
of Manassas. 

What all this moving was about, of course men in 
a regiment could not know. Nor did people at home 
know much ; for Pope had, at Rappahannock, prohib- 
ited mails and despatches. The troops knew, however, 
that the enemy, while keeping us awake at every ford, 
was moving his forces steadily up the river. Their 
columns could sometimes be seen. General Pope at 
first held the river. Then he determined, ,on the 22d, 
to mass his force at and near Rappahannock Station, 
cross the river, and " fall on the flank and rear of the 
long column of the enemy " moving up the river ; but 
that night the rain swept off the bridges, and made 
the fords impassable. Then, on the 23d, Sigel, sup- 
ported by Banks and Reno, moved to attack a force 
rumored to have crossed near Sulphur Springs ; the 
small force encountered at Great Run, two miles below 
Sulphur Springs, was driven across ; and General Mc- 
Dowell was at Warrenton. On the night of the 22d, 
a force of the enemy's cavalry had crossed at Water- 
loo, passed through Warrenton, and destroyed some of 
the wagons of General Pope's own headquarter train ; 



124 SECOND jVIASSACHUSETTS infantey. 

Sigel and Banks keeping on to Waterloo. The enemy 
were still moving northward : Jackson passed through 
Thoroughfare Gap, and was in the rear. Then Pope 
determined to crush Jackson, and moved towards 
Manassas : here a brisk enoaoement on the evenins; 
of the 28th, between King's Division, McDowell's 
Corps, and Jackson's advance, — in which each held 
his ground. An attempt to hold Thoroughfare Gap, 
to keep Jackson isolated ; but it was a failure. And, 
on the 29th, the attack on Jackson, which ought to have 
succeeded; but did not, — vvhy, is matter of history. 
Then the battle of the 30th, when the enemy had 
re-enforced Jackson ; and its result. 

During these battles, the Second, as did General 
Banks's Corps, lay idle, in hearing of the fire. Al- 
though forming the extreme left, it was not brought 
into action. Why, nobody could tell. But General 
Banks's Corps was in the position necessary to guard 
that flank. He was then ordered to protect the 
trains from Warrenton Junction to Manassas, also. 
" The very important duty devolved upon Major- 
General Banks, the Major-General commanding the 
Army of Virginia feels assured that he will dis- 
charge with intelligence, courage, and fidelity." Of 
course he would. Pie was to protect wagon- trains, 
railway-trains, see to rebuilding bridges, get the sick 
safely away from Warrenton, etc. ; and burn trains and 
locomotives, if necessary. So, after hearing the sound 
of the fighting on the 29th, the Second that evening 
moved a mile, and bivouacked under the lee of a grave- 



pope's eetreat. 125 

yard. It was thought that the army was threatened in 
that direction. On the 30th, moved four miles on, 
toward the high ground on the north bank of the Broad 
Run, and bivouacked in a rain-storm. Then, on the 
31st, after orders to destroy baggage, and even ambu- 
lances, — which were saved on condition they should not 
delay the march a moment, — recrossed the run, saw 
a long line of cars in flames, from which the men 
saved a few things, where quantities of saddles, 
stationery, clothing, and muskets, went to the flames, 
orders allowing nothing to be taken, not even the mus- 
kets of which our musketless recruits' needed one 
apiece ; passed through Brentsville, forded the rapidly 
rising Occoquan ; and at noon had safely reached Bull 
Run, after a detour of twenty miles to accomplish 
four direct, — without a halt, for the Second led. At 
the end of the twenty miles, saw men leisurely coming 
over the four miles, from which no enemy had been 
visible. 

But the army, shattered and pursued by a victorious 
enemy, was not to remain at Centreville. The Second, 
with its corps, moved on the next day to near Fairfax 
Court-house, by the old Braddock Road. In the even- 
ing, it was again under fire. The enemy were en- 
deavoring to turn Hooker's right, near Chantilly. 
The battle was fought in a severe thunder-storm. The 
division, in which was the Second, were in line, to the 
rear of Reno ; and the enemy's fire passed overhead. 
The enemy was repulsed; but Kearney and Stevens 
fell. 



126 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

The brigade was afterwards ordered back to Fairfox, 
to assist in bringing off stores. The order, not dated, 
was undoubtedly intended for an earlier period. The 
uselessness of the attempt was apparent : " the enemy 
are there in force." But the order had to be obeyed. 
Back some miles, "Where are you going?" said the 
commander of the rear guard of the army. " To Fair- 
fax." — "Look there!" There was the rebel army; 
and, to reach Fairfax, the brigade would have to cut its 
way for miles, as everybody knew before it started. 

So, on the 2d, to near Alexandria ; and on the 3d, to 
the shadow of Fort Albany. The daily movements from 
Culpeper to the defences of Washington had become 
history. General Banks's conduct had been " marked 
by great coolness, intrepidity, and zeal." "To confront 
with a small army," says General Pope, "vastly supe- 
rior forces ; to fight battles without hope of victory, 
but only to gain time, and to embarrass, and delay the 
forward movement of the enemy, is of all duties 
the most hazardous and the most difficult which can be 
imposed upon any general and any army. ... It was 
only by constant movement, by incessant watchfulness, 
and hazardous skirmishes and battles, that the forces 
under my command were not overwhelmed ; while, at 
the same time, the enemy was embarrassed, and delayed 
in his advance upon Washington, until the forces from 
the peninsula were at length assembled for the defence 
of the city." 

This tells the whole story, as to the object of the 
campaign. The Army of Virginia had, in securing 



pope's retreat. 127 

this object, met with a series of disasters. Who is 
responsible for them belongs to general history. There 
was no fault in the men of that army. Heroism has 
never been displayed more brilliant than that of the 
officers and men. Greater endurance, more patriotic 
sacrifice, or a loftier patriotism, is not to be found. But 
the commanding general-^ it is useless to ignore the 
fact — never had the confidence of his men. 

When, therefore, on the 2d of September, "Major 
General McClellan will have command of the fortifica- 
tions of Washington, and of all the troops for the 
defence of the Capital," — a thrill of joy went through 
the army. The dispirited troops became enthusiastic, 
and their columns were again invincible. The Army 
of Virginia had ceased to exist. 



128 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



XI. 



ANTIETAM. 

On the 2cl of September, General McClellan took 
command. The army was in front of Washington, on 
the south side of the Potomac. On the 3d, the enemy- 
had disappeared. The General was satisfied that the 
rebels intended to cross the upper Potomac, into Mary- 
land : and he ordered, that day, the Second and Twelfth 
Corps (Banks's Corps under a new numbering, officially 
announced on September 12th) to Tenallytown, above 
Washington ; the Ninth Corps to Seventh Street road, 
Washington ; and sent cavalry to the fords near Pools- 
ville. General Banks, who had not recovered from his 
injury received at Cedar Mountain, was left in command 
at Washington. 

So, on the 4th of September, the Second, passing 
over the bridge at Georgetown, left Virginia for the 
third time, and camped a mile or two above Tenally- 
town. The next day moved to a brook a mile and a 
half above Rockville. There the corps, Brigadier-Gene- 
ral Williams in command, was attached to General 
Sumner's force. Here the troops were in line of battle, 
and were there four days. Sumner, commanding the 



ANTIETAM. 129 

Second and Twelfth Corps, formed the centre ; Burn- 
side, with the First and Ninth, on our right ; and 
Couch, the left, on the river. 

It was necessary to move with caution. The enemy 
was known to be in force in Maryland, but whether 
it was for a movement on Baltimore Avas unknown. 
"It may be the enemy's object," telegraphed General 
Halleck, "to draw off the mass of our forces, and then 
attempt to attack from the Virginia side of the Poto- 
mac." — "Positive information . . . that the line is cut, 
corroborates the idea that the enemy is recrossing the 
Potomac," said the President. " Until you know more 
certainly the enemy's force south of the Potomac," 
telegraphed General Halleck' on the 13th, "you are 
wrong in thus uncovering the capital. I am of the 
opinion that the enemy will send a small column 
towards Pennsylvania to draw your forces in that 
direction, then suddenly move on Washington with the 
forces south of the Potomac, and those he may cross 
over." Against this pressure, however, McClellan, 
when satisfied that the enemy was in front, moved 
forward. A few days had re-organized the army, and 
partially renewed its supplies ; and confidence had been 
established. On the 9th, the whole army moved, -^- 
Burnside, on the right, to Brookville ; Sumner, in the 
centre, to Damascus and Clarksburg ; Franklin, on 
the left, to Barnesville and Poolsville. The troops 
moved in great parallels, the Twelfth Corps being in 
three such columns. The Second was at Middlebrook, 
the night of the 9th ; near Damascus, the next ; still 

9 



130 SECOXD MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

nearer on the 11th ; half a mile from Ijams^•ille, on the 
Baltimore and Ohio Railway, on the 12th; and on 
the 13th, after fording onr old acquaintance, the Mono- 
cacy, camped half a mile south of Fredericktown. On 
that day, an order of Lee's, fully disclosing his plans, 
fell into the hands of General McClellan. Hooker's 
Corps was at Frederick, and Sumner's and Sykes's 
Division. It had been thous^ht that it would be neces- 
sary to force the line of the IMonocacy, but a portion of 
Burnside's command had entered Frederick, after a 
sharp skirmish, the day before ; and he was now at 
Middletown, having carried the Catoctin range on the 
other side of Frederick. The enemy, who had swarmed 
in Frederick, held the Blue Ridge beyond, with his 
army near Boonsborough, except the force which was 
operating against Harper's Ferry. General McClellan 
gave orders for a " rapid and vigorous forward move- 
ment." 

On the 14th, General McClellan ordered, "In the 
event of an engagement with the enemy, no man will 
be permitted to leave the ranks to take wounded to the 
rear. Wounded men will be borne off the field by 
hospital attendants and ambulance men only." This 
made no change in the Second. 

On Sunday, the 14th, on the road at 8, a.m. It was 
a slow movement, getting through the well-known 
streets of Frederick, while the sabbath bells were ring- 
ing, and flags were gaily flying. Division after division 
went through the town, with endless batteries, and 
long trains. Beyond town, there were long halts in 



ANTIETAM. 131 

tiresome places. Columns abreast, in woods, or 
through fields. Obstacles from trains. Up and across 
the Catoctin, and down into the beautiful Middletovvn 
valley, — as lovely a spot as war ever laid hands upon. 
On by-roads and no roads ; halt before sunset on a 
pleasant slope, and coffee just cooking, when orders 
started all on again. Middletown was on our left. By 
every point of the compass in turn, to find a way. 
Through cornfields, in the dark, where one could not 
touch the top of the stalks by standing in the stirrups. 
Through brooks, and by and by, the rapid Catoctin ; 
then over. Men were taking off shoes and stockings ; 
but "Forward ! " said the colonel, and on the regiment 
went. An hour on the damp bank, while, in the night 
mist, hundreds of fires were blazing dull. Then, near 
midnight, on again ; by a road to the left into a hollow ; 
and, tired with sixteen hours on the road, dinnerless and 
supperless, cross and cold, lay down to rest on the 
slope of South Mountain, at the old Sharpsburg road ; 
in position to support, if necessary, the centre and 
left. 

All day we had heard the sound of artillery, forward. 
Sometimes it was the dull, heavy booming of a single 
gun ; and again, the swelling* roar of batteries. Far 
off to the southwest, in the afternoon, Franklin's guns 
were at work to carry Crampton's Pass, which was 
accomplished ; and which would have relieved Harper's 
Ferry, but for its disgraceful surrender early the next 
morning. Directly in front was the brilliant fight for 
the possession of Turner's Gap. Through that Gap 



132 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

ran the National Road : there was Gibbon. About a 
mile north of it was the " old Hagerstown Road : " there 
was Hooker. Half a mile south of the National Road 
was the " old Sharpsburg Road :" there was Reno. On 
the right and left was the firing we heard, joined at the 
proper time by that in the centre. After sunset, 
the flashes of the guns along the crests, with puffs of 
smoke, were visible. It was ten o'clock at night before 
the flashes ceased. They had been long silent Avhen 
the Second bivouacked. The pass had been virtually 
gained. But it was known that at 3, a.m., the Twelfth 
Corps were to be under arms to finish the work. 

But they were not wanted. It was broad sunlight 
when the men awoke. Orderlies were passing up and 
down. Burnside — the victorious, that daj — came by, 
and received the spontaneous cheers of the troops. 
The enemy had hurried off" from their last position, in 
the night. A hurried visit up the road found their 
dead, who, behind the stone wall, lay piled on each 
other as they had fallen under the fire of the infantry 
who had gallantly worked their way up the hill. It 
was a victory ; but Reno was dead. 

That morning General Mansfield arrived, and took 
command of the Twelfth Corps. It was not without 
regret that the Corps thus finally parted with General 
Banks. It had been made a corps, it had won its 
historic glory, under him. Faithful, sagacious, and 
kind, — they wished him well. The white-haired, 
brave, conscientious veteran who succeeded, had, alas ! 
but three days of further service, before he fell. 



ANTIETAM. 133 

The brigade had some changes. The new troops of 
the raising of that summer had been distributed, and 
to the brigade were assigned, at Rockville, the loth 
New Jersey, and the lOTth New York. They were to 
have a rough introduction, but they endured it well ; 
and were to stand- bravely with the Second, and its 
comrades of Wisconsin and Indiana, for more than two 
years. General Gordon still commanded, and for 
temporary service as aid came Charles R. Train, a 
Massachusetts Congressman. He plunged at once into 
the hardships of veterans, and bore well his trial of fire 
at Antictam. 

On the morning after South Mountain, moved on. 
Passing northward through the fields, came upon the 
National Eoad, and Avent through the Gap. On the 
road, suddenly McClellan appeared. As the colunm 
moved to the side of the road, caps flew in the air, and 
shouts and cheers rolled up as from one man. They 
believed in McClellan. Passing through Boonsborough, 
and turninor to the left out of town, bivouacked a few 
miles south. On Tuesday morning, orders to move. 
"You are going immediately into battle," said Mans- 
field. But he was mistaken. A mile and a half off, 
halted under the crest of a hill. It was a beautiful 
sight to see scores of thousands of men closely massed 
in the broad fields. The sound of firing comes from 
somewhere. "Don't you want to ride forward?" asks 
the colonel after an hour or two of waiting. " Yes, 
sir." Permission is had : over one crest and valley, 
and up on a second; there are batteries. Now and 



134 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY. 

then an occasional shot, and returned ; just for amuse- 
ment probably. Over at the edge of that wood, are 
the rebel guns, — but no infantry visible. "Whiz ! " a 
bullet : it comes from a sharpshooter behind that sol- 
itary tree down in front ; and another, from another 
tree. The colonel leisurely lifts his field-glass, and 
takes a survey. At last, "Don't you want to look?' 
Not at all ; rather fall back ; but afraid to say so, and 
the Butternuts are inspected. 

Movements were going on that day, but who knew 
what for? Certainly not men in a regiment. Trains 
were hurrying along. Ammunition was distributed. 
Troops were slowly moved hither and thither. At 
night the Second went to sleep. But about ten o'clock, 
P.M., came low, quiet orders to make ready to move 
instantly. Not ten minutes afterwards, General Mans- 
field came along. " When will you be ready ? " said he. 
"Ready now, sir." "You are ! Well, I like that : but 
you are the only brigade ready." " Fall in." The 
regiment soon reached a macadamized road, or what 
seemed like it ; went through a village guessed to be 
Keedysville, and across the Antietam ; got a little wet 
in the rain ; turned into somebody's field, and lay 
down in the darkness, on the border of the bloody 
ground which was the next day to be immortalized as 
Antietam. 

It was just gray dawn, and misty, when the rattling 
fire of skirmishers broke the last slumbers of thousands. 
Then came the dull sound of a heavy gun. Then a 
roar of artillery. Hooker was at work, just in front. 



ANTIETAM. 135 

How he kept at work, drove Jackson from his first line 
and dealt heavy blows at his second, crossed the pike 
road and came near the church, belongs to general 
history. 

When the Second was roused from its slumbers by 
the opening fire, it found itself in the midst of the 
regiments of the right wing. A few yards off was a 
dwelling house, Hoffinan's. An hour passed, possibly, 
— who could estimate time then ? — while Hooker's 
battle was fiercely raging. Then came an order to 
move. General Gordon's Brigade, formed in columns 
of battalions closed in mass, moved over the low 
ground, bearing a little towards the right. Partly up 
the slope, it was halted In somebody's cornfield, — not 
the cornfield of the battle, — and the men soon began to 
build fires and make coffee. The coffee was not ready 
when orders came to move on. Hooker was near the 
church, but was severely met, "Tell Mansfield to send 
up a division." Williams's Division was put in motion, 
^Crawford's Brigade, the right; Gordon's, the left. 
Greene's Division also advanced, on the left of Wil- 
liams's. Up the slope, over high ground and across 
lower ground to a thin belt of woods. Here, hit by 
a random bullet, Mansfield fell ; and Williams led the 
corps. An aide came with directions to move with all 
possible despatch. The sound of the musketry was 
steadily approaching. The cheers 'of the exultant 
enemy were heard. General Gordon moved three 
regiments, — the Second, the 3d Wisconsin, and the 
27th Indiana, — by the flank, at double-quick, gradually 



136 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

gaining deployment distance. The loth Xew Jersey, 
Colonel Carman, was in reserve ; and the 107th New 
York, Colonel Van Valkenbiirg, was in reserve in a 
piece of woods at the left, detached from the line. 

The three regiments were put in line. Their position 
was about east from Miller's house. To the left and front 
was a piece of woods, before reaching the pike road ; and 
a cornfield, — the cornfield. Nearly in front of that was 
the Twenty-seventh Indiana ; on their right, the Thii'd 
Wisconsin ; then, a battery ; and then, the Second. 
To the right and front of the battery, was the orchard : 
a fence surrounding it ran directly forward from a point 
just to the right of the battery, and about thirty yards 
onward turned, almost at a right angle, to the right 
ao;ain. FolloAvino; the line of that fence, and in the edo'e 
of the orchard, was the Second ; its line turning, so that 
its left was at rioht ami'les with the briirade line, its riirht 
facing the pike. 

The battery opened furiously. The musketry was 
instantly at work, and the savage fire of the brigade 
checked the foe. The tide was stayed. But the 
enemy as yet held their ground. The Second was 
hardly injured, but the brave men of Wisconsin and 
Indiana were suflfering severely. Colonel Ruger, of the 
Third Wisconsin, sent for relief to Colonel Andrews. 
At a glance that officer saw the remedy. Moving some 
cf his companies from the right to the left, and chang- 
ing front slightly, so that the regimental line was 
nearly at right angles to the line of the brigade, 
Colonel Andrews ordered fire upon the enemy opposite 



ANTIETAM. 137 

the Third Wisconsin. Under this cross fire, the enemy, 
terribly shattered, broke. ^ With cheers the whole line 
followed, dashing after the fleeing rebels through the 
cornfield, and over the wounded and dead there, — 
the Second capturing the flag of the 11th Mississippi, 
which w^as seized by Sergeant TVHieat, of Co. E, — 
into the open ground ; and the Dunker church w\as in 
sight, over to the left. Then the rebels had disap- 
peared in the woods beyond the pike road, and the line 
halted. 

Soon Sumner's Corps came on. The men of the 
Second lay do\'sm, while Sumner's men passed over 
them. That corps dashed on with cheers.^ General 
Sumner ordered General Gordon to support him. The 
brigade being divided, — while the 3d Wisconsin and 
27th Indiana, both of which had suffered severely, lay 
behind a slight ridge, and the 107th New York was some 
distance yet to the left, — the Second and the 13th New 
Jersey (on its left) moved up to the road, crossed the 
first fence, and formed behind the second one. Cap- 
tain Morse, with company B, crossed the second fence. 
This was but a few rods above the church, at the open 
ground. Sumner's corps was not visible. When 
soldiers appeared in the woods opposite, there was 
doubt who they were. " Show your colors ! " said 
Colonel Andrews to the color-bearer. Color-Sero^eant 



1 " The brunt of the battle," says Esten Cooke of the movement of 
which this was a part, " was evidently here." The rebel troops engaged 
were E well's. 

1 "Jackson would have been forced in a short time to retire, when his 
own re-enforcements reached the field." — Esten Cooke. 



138 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Luncly waved his flag. It was greeted by a shower of 
bullets. Fire was then opened and continued. But, as 
the smoke lifted, the small force found itself alone. 
On the left, no troops were visible : on the right, the 
left of the next corps had given way. The enemy were 
sheltered in woods and behind rocks, and were in great 
force. They comprised Semmes's, Anderson's, and the 
Stonewall Brigades, and portions of the divisions of 
Barksdale and McLaws. The flagstaff was broken, 
the flag riddled, the socket shot away from the color- 
bearer's belt. The brave D wight was mortally wounded. 
A fourth of the men had soon fallen, and they were 
rapidly dropping. Suflering much more than the 
enemy could, and unsupported, the order was given, 
and the regiment fell back to the woods beliind, thus 
uncovering the batteries. Cothran's and Woodruff's 
guns opened beautifully, and the advancing line of the 
enemy hastily took shelter again. The One Hundred 
and Seventh New York was supporting Cothran's 
Battery. " This fine regiment, but just organized and 
brought into the field, in this battle for the first time 
under fire, moved with steadiness to its perilous position, 
and maintained its ground until recalled, though exposed 
to front fire from the enemy, and a fire over its head 
from batteries in the rear." ^ The Thirteenth New Jer- 
sey, also a new regiment, Avas sent to General Greene, 
— who was gallantly holding a position to the left, — 
and received from him high commendation. 

1 General Gordon's Report. 




llBJ 



ANTIETAM. 139 

The main work of the Second, for the day, was 
done. It was moved a little distance down the slope 
by and by ; and, while listening to Burnside's battle on 
the extreme left, kindled fires, and took its food. 
General Crawford having been wounded. General 
Gordon commanded the division; and Colonel Euger, 
the brigade. Late in the afternoon, the brigade was in 
line of battle in support of General Newton's Brigade 
of General Franklin's Corps. In the evening, the 
brigade was moved to the support of a battery some- 
where, and there it passed the night. ^ 

During this day. Surgeon Leland had been skilfully 
and steadily at work at one of the hospitals. Assistant- 
Surgeon Stone, near the regiment, had nobly won his 
subsequent promotion. The attendants had carried 
back the wounded tenderly. 

The line had been sadly shortened. Not so great 
losses in numbers as at fatal Cedar Mountain. But 
Dvvight was mortally wounded, — the brilliant, brave, 
generous, kind-hearted. " Mind, I don't flinch a hair ! " 



1 " I owe especial thanks," says General Gordon, " to the Hon. Charles 
R. Train [M. C], who volunteered his services on my staff at a time when 
fatiguing labor and most arduous service had deprived me of all my aides 
save one officer. This gentleman has also shown his willingness to lay 
down his life in his country's cause. The invasion of the loyal North called 
him from his congressional duties and his home, at a moment's notice. No 
fatigues, though excessive, no danger, though most perilous, detained him 
from moving forward whenever he could render assistance." " To Captain 
Charles Wheaton, jun., my aide, I am again indebted." Of the Second, the 
3d Wisconsin, and the 27th Indiana, he said, " Veterans of Winchester and 
Cedar Mountain, they can add to their laurels the battle of Antietam 
Creek." "The 107th New York and the 13th New Jersey. . . . fought like 
veterans." 



140 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

said he, while lying on a stretcher ; sending the sur- 
geon to relieve the wounded lying around, or telling 
his attendants to give water to the thirsty men ; calling 
the drum corps to play " The Star-spangled Banner " 
once more, next day ; and asking to have the F-lag waved 
again before his dying eyes, — dying in Christian peace, 
and to sleep with his kindred. Dillon, of B ; Bennett, 
of C ; Balcom and Isaac Childs, of D ; Richardson, 
Wynn, and Treen, of E ; First Sergeant Martin, of 
F ; Brown (Thomas), Donnovan, and Remick, of H, — 
were dead. Dustin, of A ; Cady, of B ; Cheney and 
Whyte, of D ; and Remick, of G, — were mortally 
wounded. Fifty more Avere wounded.^ 

Besides Dwight, three officers only were wounded, — 
Captain Francis, First Lieutenant Crowninshield, and 
First Lieutenant Mills ; the latter very severely, 
while acting adjutant. Of the less than three hundred 
in action, twenty-five per cent were killed or wounded. 



1 The losses of the brigade were as follows : — 

Killed. Wounded. Missing. 

2(1 Massachusetts , .... 15 50 - 

3d Wisconsin 27 173 

27th Indiana \ ... 18 192 

107th New York 7 51 5 

13th New Jersey 7 75 21 

The losses of the corps were, according to General McClellan's Report, 
as follows: — 

OPPICERS. ENLISTED MEN. 

Killed. Wounded. Killed. Wounded. Missing. Aggregate. 

1st Division, Williams's . 9 35 151 827 54 1076 

2d Division, Green's . . 6 26 107 481 30 650 

Artillery - - 1 15 1 17 

Total 15 61 259 1323 85 1743 

General McClellan gives the force of the corps at 10,126, 



ANTIETAM. 141 

But when " Carleton " ^ came along the next morning, 
and asked, " How are yom- men, colonel?" — "All right. 
They had a pretty hard time yesterday, but they feel 
well. We expect to advance in a few moments." 

On the morning of the 18th, the position of the 
whole division was slightly changed, farther to the right, 
supporting General Franklin. The morning sun looked 
down brightly on the dying and the dead. Would it 
witness a renewal of the fight? The struggle of the 
day before had been the wrestling of two mighty ath- 
letes, in which neither had actually overthrown the 
other. But the fruits of the battle were undoubtedly 
with McClellan. He had taken the army when it was 
disgusted and dispirited ; organized it ; supplied it ; 
and by the magic of his presence made it invincible. 
He had attacked the enemy in his own position, and, 
with many of his regiments just hurried to the field, 
had stopped Lee's triumphant progress. The invasion 
of the North was finished, and Lee's "Maryland cam- 
paign was a failure."^ Whether McClellan should risk 
losing all he had gained, in the hope of destroying tlie 
rebel army, was a question that day. It probably 
always will be a question. But the Second Massachu- 



2 I acknowledge mj'self greatlj' indebted to Mr. Coffin's account of the 
battle of Antietam, for his thorough survey of the ground and study of 
the contest has enabled me to find the relative position of the Second 
towards other troops and movements. Indeed, so far as his letters covered 
ground familiar to me, I know of no correspondent or army historiau 
superior, if equal, to this writer, in comprehensiveness, general accuracy, 
faithfulness, or vividness. 

2 Pollard (II. p. 141), who occasionally tells the truth. 



142 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

setts had nothing to do but obey orders ; and the orders 
to advance never came. 

But during that day, expected re-enforcements 
arrived. Some of the more than six thousand men of 
Hooker, who should re-appear a few days afterwards, 
had begun to return to the six thousand who had 
remained in the line of duty ; and in other corps a 
similar result was beginning. Batteries which were 
totally out of ammunition were replenished. And, in 
the evening, orders were given to renew the attack at 
daylight. 

But when the morning came, the enemy had recrossed 
the river. 

The army moved to the neighborhood of Harper's 
Ferry. What operations immediately followed the 
battle, belono: to other histories. 



THE WINTER. 143 



XII. 



THE WINTER. 



The Second, two days after the battle, went to Browns- 
ville ; and on the 20th, to Maryland Heights ; on the 
21st, to Pleasant Valley ; and on the 22d, back to Mary- 
land Heights, where it camped near its old ground of 
the preceding August, in Unsell's field. The place did 
not look natural. The land had been stripped of its 
trees ; and the old paths to the spring, and down to 
the river, were bald and shelterless. Colonel Andrews 
was sent over the river into Loudon Valley, to command 
a brigade. 

What the waiting* of the army was for, who can 
decide? General McClellan said it was for supplies. 
People at Washington said he had them. However it 
was, five weeks after the battle, our wagons were still 
going down to Sandy Hook Station for the clothing 
which did not come. 

On the 25th of September, Colonel Ruger, of the 
Third Wisconsin, was in command of the brigade. On 
the 6th of October, officers from the divisions were 
detailed to the new Ambulance Department ; and on the 
16th, its reo-imental ambulances were turned in. On 



144 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEY. 

the 15th, INlajor- General Heniy W. Slocum was 
assigned to the command of the Twelfth Corps. It Is 
needless to say that this gallant soldier obtained and 
kept the hearty respect and confidence of the Second.^ 

The army passed into Virginia, to correspond with 
Lee's movements. But a division or. more had to 
remain to guard the upper Potomac, and in the one 
chosen was the Second. So, on the 29th of October, 
it marched up the river to Antietam Iron Works, and 
on the oOth, to Blackburn's Ford (that by whicli Lee 
had retreated), near Sharpsburg ; to remain, it proved, 
five or six weeks. The ford was diligently watched, 
and some defences thrown up, overlooking it. General 



J Henry Wadsworth Slocum was born in Delphi, Onondaga, N.Y., Sept. 
24, 1827; sou of Matthew B. and Mary (Ostrander) Slocnm. His father 
•was a native of Rhode Ishmd; his mother, of Albany, N.Y. He entered 
the Militai-y Academy at West Point, in June, 1848, and graduated in 1852, 
seventh in the standing of his class. He was commissioned, Jul}' 1, 1852, 
brevet second lieutenant, and attached to the First Regiment of Artillery; 
became second lieutenant, in 1853, and first lieutenant, in March, 1855. 
On the 31st of October, 1856, he resigned his commission, settled at Syra- 
cuse, and engaged in the practice of law. On the breaking out of the war, 
he applied for a commission as captain of artillery in the regular service, 
but, failing to receive the appointment, accepted the colonelcy of the Twenty- 
seventh New-York Volunteers; was in the battle of Bull Run; and was 
appointed brigadier-general of Volunteers, Aug. 9, 1861. Was in com- 
mand of a division on the Peninsula, and was promoted to be a major-general 
from the 4th of July, 1862 ; was in the battles of South Mountain and 
Antietam, after which lie was placed in command of the Twelfth Corps. 
He commanded this corps at Chancellorsville and Gettysburg, and in Ten- 
nessee. When, in the fall of 1863, the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps were 
consolidated as the Twentieth, under Hooker, General Slocum was ordered 
to Vicksburg. When General Hooker, disliking the promotion of Howard, 
quitted the army of the Cumberland, General Slocum was placed in com- 
mand of the Twentieth Corps. In the great march to Savannah, he led the 
left wing. He left the army after the close of the war. A modest, skilful, 
brave general ; and a courteous gentleman. 



THE WINTER. 145 

Morel] commanded the division ; and General Gordon's 
bri'Tade had a long stretch of river to guard. 

It took a third of the regiment regularly for picket 
duty. But the men made themselves as comfortable as 
they could, and "built a city." The usual quiet was 
broken only two or three times. Once was when Gen- 
eral Slocum, commanding at Harper's Ferry, sent 
information, Nov. 14, that — 

" All the reports brought to these headquarters go to prove 
that Jackson returned to Winchester last Monday ; that he 
has a large force with him ; that a portion of A. P. Hill's 
command also returned to a point between Winchester and 
Berryville on Tuesday. If these reports are true, the enemy 
probably contemplate another raid into Maryland at some 
point above your position, or an attack on your position. 

" If an attack is made here in strong force, I shall endeavor 
to concentrate my command on Maryland Heights .... I am 
aware that you [General Gordon] are not under my command, 
and, of course, [I] have no authority to give any directions to 
you. I deem it important, however," &c. 

Nothino- came of this. But a little expedition 
enlivened the quiet. The guerilla, Burke, had com- 
mitted a few murders, just to keep his hand in. His last 
exploit was to have some women, purporting to be 
refuo-ees, come to the river's bank, and entice over a 
citizen, apparently to bring them across. The citizen 
went over, and Captain Burke killed him. On a 
night in November, Captain Cogswell, then command- 
ing the Second, crossed cautiously with sixty men, and 
by a circuitous march entered Shepardstown just after 

midnight. The houses where Burke was accustomed to 

10 



146 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

visit were found by the help of a guide, and were 
surrounded. In one of them were Burke and five of his 
ofanof. The villain was dressed and armed, and the 
horses stood saddled, for a plundering expedition. As 
the men were preparing to enter, an inmate sprang from 
a door, and attempted to escape. Captain Cogswell 
twice ordered him to stop, and then told a couple men 
to fire. A ball entered the rebel's heart. It proved to 
be Burke. The other five were captured, and horses, 
arms, and important papers, brought away. The next 
day. Captain Cogswell went over again with the same 
men and some cavalry, occupied the town, arrested 
some traitors they were after, paroled officers and 
men in hospital, captured some arms, and came back 
leisurely. 

On the 27th of November Avas Thanksgiving Day. 
There was public worship, of course. There were 
quoits and ball, and some "tried the speed" of horses. 
There were turkeys, geese, chickens, and plum-pud- 
dings, all through the camp. Absent officers returned 
home to dine. Some ladies, part of whom came from 
Chambersburg, thirty -five miles off, brought gifts for 
the hospital ; home-made bread, butter, jellies, fruits, 
pillows, and the like. "They have their reward." But 
that night a sick man died. "I wanted to go home 
before I died," said he, " but I hope I am going to a 
better home." 

While at this place, Colonel Andrews left the regi- 
ment. Appointed brigadier-general, Nov. 9, 1862, he 
accompanied General Banks to New Orleans. The 



THE WINTER. 147 

loss to the regiment was severe ; but it could not com- 
plain. He had been wonderfully efficient in the origi- 
nal training of the regiment ; had led it in the valley 
after Jackson, in Banks's retreat, at Cedar Mountain, 
in Pope's retreat, and at Antietam, — skilfully and 
bravely. To the last day of its service, the Second 
showed the impression of the indomitable will, and rigid 
sense of duty, of Colonel Andrews. Captain Cogswell 
remained in command, as Samuel M. Quincy, who 
was commissioned colonel (he was a captain when he 
parted from the regiment at Cedar Mountain), was 
a prisoner, and, for quite a period, disabled by the 
wounds received on that melancholy day. Here Sur- 
geon Leland resigned, on account of ill health, and 
Assistant Surgeon Stone received his well-merited pro- 
motion. 

The loss of officers at Cedar Mountain had made 
necessary the appointment of several lieutenants. The 
continual movements of the regiment, and some delay 
in the forwarding of commissions, prevented the actual 
filling of most of the vacancies until October. The 
promotions to second lieutenants, to date the day fol- 
lowing Cedar Mountain, were these : John F. George, 
the (gallant color-bearer at Cedar Mountain ; Nathan 
D. A. Sawyer, who had a ball through the body at 
Winchester, and was again to be badly wounded in 
Georgia; George L. Binney, the quartermaster ser- 
geant, long an efficient officer on General Euger's Staff; 
and James K. Stone, sergeant in C, afterwards dis- 
abled in the line of duty. Second Lieutenant Gerald 



148 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Fitzgerald, from the Twelfth Massachusetts, where he 
was sergeant-major, — an accomplished soldier and 
brave man, — had joined near Alexandria in Pope's 
retreat : he was to be buried on the battlefield of 
Chancellorsville. Messrs. Binney and Stone were not 
assigned to companies until November, near Sharps- 
burg. The others had been assigned in October. At 
Sharpsburg, joined George A. Thayer, appointed from 
civil life ; who was faithfully identified with the history 
of the regiment from that time till its return, or the 
end of the war. 

The deaths of Lieutenant-Colonels Dwight and Sav- 
age made vacancies. In October, Commissary-Sergeant 
Erastus B. Carll, an experienced soldier who had served 
from 1850 to 1855 in the regular army ; and Theodore 
K. Parker, first sergeant of D, by and by to be 
wounded, — were promoted second lieutenants. The 
resignation of Captain Choate (rendered necessary by 
disease contracted in the faithful discharge of duty, 
disease against which he long struggled, and which 
caused his death in 1866) made a vacancy, for 
which Henry N. Comey, sergeant in G, was promoted 
second lieutenant, — afterwards to be wounded ; and, 
on the appointment of Colonel Andrews as brigadier- 
general, Denis Mehan, the brave first sergeant of C, 
was promoted second lieutenant, — by and by to be 
wounded. 

The months spent near Sharpsville were useful. The 
discipline of the Second was sustained : it could hardly 
be improved. The whole of the brigade was put in a 




■^- 



THE WINTER. 149 

state of great efficiency, for which General Gordon 
labored with the same energy and skill which had 
marked his care of the Second. The new regiments, 
particularly, were instructed and drilled in a manner to 
fit them to become the veterans for which time only was 
the additional necessity. 

Suddenly there came orders to move. The next 
day (Dec. 12), the regiment left its huts and cabins. 
They were good ; but the owners, being about to leave 
town, had no further use for them. There was a march 
of eight days on hand. Ordered to be at Antietam 
Iron Works, at 9, A.M. ; were there at 8.50. At 9.15, 
a message, that noon would be early enough, because 
other regiments had miles to come. (General Gordon 
was not in command: his health had failed.) Waited 
in the cold until half-past one, studying pig-iron, and 
snowballing. Bivouacked at night, piling cornstalks on 
the snow, and topping off with pine-branches. On ice 
next day. Crossed the Potomac at Harper's Ferry ; 
and the Shenandoah. Went round the north face of 
Loudon Heights ; up the hill on the eastern side, and 
waited five or six hours. "Your men are taking my 
fences," complained an excited owner. " Yes." — " Isn't 
it hard for me to lose my fences ?" — "Yes ; but it would 
be a good deal harder for my men to be cold," said om' 
sensible commander. Moved on by jerks ; followed a 
regiment — that had got tired of waiting — through mud, 
ice, and half-frozen brooks ; and bivouacked. Thought 
the country -was in a very bad way, — until after 
supper. Dec. 14, reveiUe at 3, a.m. ; waited till half- 



150 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

past one, p.m. ; then orders to fall in ; in five minutes, 
orders to " fall " out ; in five minutes more, orders to 
fall in. Went through the pretty stone village of 
Hillsborough, located in a cleft of the " Short Hills." 
Waited two hours for some cavalry to trot off after a 
wagon captured by guerillas, who also captured two 
foragers from the Second ; and bivouacked near Lees- 
bury, on the western slope of the Catoctin. Next day, 
reveille at 4, a.m., and, in intense astonishment, actu- 
ally started at half-past six. Went through Leesburg ; 
and a little beyond Gum Spring discovered straw, 
and slept luxuriously, guerillas being driven oflT in 
the rear. Next day, ordered to start at 5, a.m., and 
actually discovered the regiment to lead did start. 
Entered Fairfax in the afternoon, and learned of the 
repulse at Fredericksburg. AVent to Fairfax Station, 
over a corduroy road, and bivouacked in a pine wood, 
where fallen and tangled trees put to flight any ap- 
proach to a regimental line ; having had rations, issued. 
Flour had been given out for the march ! The next 
day (17th), reveille at 5, a.m. ; rear regiment guarding 
supply train ; roads the worst possible ; forded the 
Occoquan, climbed the hill still crowned with last win- 
ters rebel earth-works, and bivouacked; rain, cold 
and drenching, towards morning. INIoved on : roads 
worse than possible, — a sea of floating mud ; made 
three miles in five hours, and wagons the same xlistance 
in ten hours; at noon, settled down in a thick, warm 
pine- wood. The next morning, turned northward 
again, because rebel cavalry were threatening Fairfax 



THE "WINTER. 1-3 1 

i 
{' 

tation. The wliole division went back, in a snow- 

|uall ; wishing that the folks at home who wanted a a 

inter campaign woukl come and try it. Halted near | 

le station, and had word, "Put your regiment into 

le wood, stack arms, and wait for orders." It was 

3ne, and we waited nine days, shelterless in the bitter 

)ld ; part of the reserve Grand Division under Sigel. 

News came that the enemy had taken Dumfries, 
wee regiments, and two pieces of artillery. So, 
ready to move at any moment, in light marching- 
xler," which we took as a hint — after former expe- 
ences — to go to bed. But, next morning, on to 
rdf-Run Shoals ; then orderlies came. News true as 
> Dumfries, except that the enemy had not taken the 
ace nor any regiment nor any artillery. But " they 
id occupied Fairfax Station, captured our camp and 
iggage, and paroled the guards." By and by, "the 
lemy were attacking, but our guard was fighting 
•avely." Then, "the enemy were going to attack, 
k1, if they did, our men would have to fight." Then, 
the enemy were not near the station at all." They 
ent to Burke's Station, and telegraphed to AVashing- 
n for "a better lot of mules." Bivouacked, — the 
ater, solid ice in canteens in the morning ; and 
arched back to the- camp. 

General Slocum took command of the corps to 
Inch, as already noticed, he had been assigned; a 
)od general, — a brave, judicious, and al)le soldier. 

Nothing happened here except the building of a 
;autiful log-camp, twelve houses to a company : one 



152 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

tiling- besides, — the quartermaster imitated the sounds 
of a locomotive so nicely that his horse ran away with 
him. Lieutenant-Colonel Cogswell was sick, and Major 
Mudjxe was in command. 

On the 19th of January, 1863, the regiment left its 
elegant camp, — receiving afterwards a very polite note 
from the officers of the regiment which inherited It. 
General Hooker had been appointed in place of General 
Burnside, assuming command Jan. 26, 1863, and the 
whole force moved towards the Rappahannock. A 
horrible march of five days, of which "Dumfries" is 
enough to freshen recollection, brought the Second to 
Stafford Court-house, a flourishing town of two dwel- 
lings, a court-house, and a jail. Here the regiment 
remained from Jan. 23 to April 27. 

Here Colonel Quincy returned (iNIarch 6), though 
not fully recovered. Drill, and officers' recitations, 
went on. Men returned, including many of the 
" Smoketown Brigade." Health Improved. Fresh 
bread and vegetables eventually came. General Hooker 
put life into the army. Inspections were frequent, and 
reviews occasional, — one of which was before the 
President. 

A special examination found only eleven regiments in 
the army worthy of high commendation. Of the eleven, 
three were the First, Second, and Twentieth INIassa- 
chusetts. Lieutenants Browning and Miller had been 
discharged in December, never* having recovered from 
the severe wounds received at Cedar Mountain, and 
both went into the Livalid Corps (since known as the 



THE WINTER. 153 

Veteran Reserve Corps). Captain Russell left in Jan- 
uary, to become colonel of the Fifth jNIassachusetts 
Cavalry. Lieutenant Stone was disabled by disease, 
and resigned in January. Adjutant Shelton, who had 
gone with General Andrews in November, Avas ap- 
pointed commissaiy of subsistence, in February. Lieu- 
tenant jNIills was discharged in March, nevcv having 
fully recovered from his wounds of Antietam. Captain 
Bangs was forced by malarious disease to resign in 
^Nlarch. Captain Shaw left in April, to command the 
Fifty-fourth jNIassachusetts ; and to sleep at Wagner. 
Surgeon Stone was transferred to the Fifty-fourth Mas- 
sachusetts, with Shaw. So the list was passing away ; 
and with it the roll of enlisted men. 

Assistant-Surgeon Heath received his merited promo- 
tion, — to be surgeon, until he should die in front of 
Atlanta. James Wightman came from Massachusetts, 
as assistant-surgeon, a faithful man, — to work himself 
to death in a few weeks. To the second lieutenancies 
were appointed William E. Perkins, a sergeant in the 
Forty-fourth Massachusetts, afterwards wounded at 
Chancellorsville ; George J. Thompson, a first sergeant 
in the Twenty-fourth JNIassachusetts to be Avounded by 
and by ; Henry Van Dyke Stone, sergeant in C, who 
was to fall at Gettysburg ; James W. Cook, first 
sergeant of A, wounded at Cedar Mountain ; Francis 
H. Lundy, color-sergeant, an old Crimean soldier, 
who had gallantly borhe the colors at? Antietam ; 
Charles W. Thomas, sergeant in G ; and Albert W. 
Mann, sergeant-major. There were to be no more 



154 SECOND aiASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

appointed second lieutenants (save the complimentary 
promotions in 1865) ; the ranks were to be too thin to 
allow it, from Chancellors ville, which was close at hand. 

General Gordon, too poor in health to remain, was 
transferred to other parts of the service. Partially 
recovering his health, he afterwards served at Folly 
Island, at Norfolk, and elsewhere ; and was breveted 
major-general. He served until the close of the war. 
Yet, in higher command (once of a department), 
doubtless he felt that he had done no better work than 
was seen in the Second Massachusetts, and in the men 
it sent from its ranks and its roll of officers to com- 
mands elsewhere. If he had done nothing else, his 
record is in what the Second was, and what it did. 

Brigadier-General Ruger^ was assigned to the brigade. 
As commander of the noble Third Wisconsin, he was 
well known ; and hence the necessary change still left 
a General respected and beloved. 

The Sanitary Commission was a splendid thing. The 
Christian Commission was gettino; into good working- 



1 Thomas Howard Ruger, born in Lyman, N.Y., 2cl April, 1833, son of 
Rev. Thomas J. Ruger; graduated at West Point in 1854, third in his class; 
brevet second lieutenant, Engineers, July, 1854 ; was employed as assistant to 
Beauregard on the fortifications of Forts Jackson and Philip, near New 
Orleans; resigned in AprO, 1855; studied law, in "Wisconsin ; admitted to 
practice in 1857, and settled in Janesville. Commissioned lieutenant-colonel 
of the Third Wisconsin (Colonel C S. Hamilton), 27th April, 1861; colonel, 
10th August, 1861. Appointed brigadier-general, 29th November, 1862; was 
in command of Third Brigade, First Division, Twelfth Army Corps, and 
finally assigned as above. Was in battles of Banks's retreat, Cedar Moun- 
tain, Antietam, — leading the noble Third "Wisconsin; and, after promotion, 
at Chancellorsville, Gettysburg, Resaca, and through Sherman's Georgia 
and North Carolina campaigns. Brevetted major-general, and still ia service. 
The Second knew and respected General Ruger. 



THE WINTER. 1^^ 



order. It rained and it snowed ; and the mud deep- 
ened and dried. And so, with Captain Morse, provost- 
marshal of the corps, with companies^ B, E, and G 
at corps headquarters, and the other seven busy 
with drill, inspections, and guard,- the winter passed 
away. 



15G SECOND MASSACH,USETTS INFANTRY. 



XIII. 
CHANCELLOESVILLE . 

Stafford Court-house, so long the abode of the Sec- 
ond, was about eight miles from Acquia Creek Landing, 
and the same from Falmouth. Hooker's long and 
admirable preparations ended ; and on the 27th of 
April, 1863, the Twelfth Corps quitted that spot for 
ever. Never was an army better organized, better 
equip2)ed, or in better spirits. 

Keveille sounded at 3, a.m. The morning proved 
beautiful. Soon after sunrise, the brigade formed on 
the parade ground in column of battalions, and had 
excellent music. Then, on the road. Each man 
carried eight days' rations, and sixty cartridges. The 
Eleventh Corps, General Howard, followed the TAvelfth ; 
and, later in the day, the Fifth Corps. The three corps 
were under the command of our own General Slocum : 
his work was to cross the rivers, establish his forces at 
Chancellors ville, and thus draw the enemy out of their 
works at Fredericksburg. With this day's march, the 
Chancellors ville campaign was begun. 

A mile from Hartwood Church, the regiment halted 
at half past three, p.m., and there it bivouacked. 



CHANCELLORSVILLE. 157 

The next morning, the men were silently waked, in 
accordance with orders that no drums be beaten and no 
bugles sounded. The Eleventh led, and moved towards 
Kelley's Ford, on the Rappahannock, (about twenty 
miles above Falmouth), which it crossed on pontoons 
that night ; the cavalry capturing some rebel pickets. 
The Second, the rear of the First Division, Twelfth 
Corps, bivouacked two miles north of the ford. 

On Wednesday morning (the 29th), the 12th Corps 
crossed the river, followed by cavalry and the 5th 
Corps. The 12th passed the 11th, the Second Massa- 
chusetts in advance, flanked by the 27th Indiana and 3d 
Wisconsin, on the right and left as skirmishers : the 
Second and the 27th Indiana by and by changed places. 
Through woods and underbrush they pressed on until 
close to Germanna Ford on the liapidan, about twelve 
miles south of Kelley's Ford. The rebels were build- 
ing a bridge, and had a small force on the other side, 
with light breastworks. The Third AVisconsin moved 
straight to the ford, while the Second came out on 
high ground, and wheeled to the left. This brought a 
cross fire on the rebels, which killed a few, and forced 
the whole into their shelter, from which white flags soon 
fluttered ; and a hundred and three men surrendered, 
wlio were required to cross. The men then forded. 
The water was very high and swift, being above the 
waist, and three men of the corps were drowned. The 
pioneers of our division built a bridge for the remainder 
of the forces ; and ours bivouacked a mile and a half 
south of the Rapidan. The Fifth Corps crossed the 



158 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Rapiclan at Ely's Ford, down the river. The three 
corps numbered thirty-six thousand effective men, — out 
of forty-four thousand six hundred and sixty-one 
reported for duty, April 30, which included artillery and 
the detachments with trains. 

On Thursday (the 30th), a wet day, the Second 
Division, General Geary, led : the Second Massachusetts 
was the rear of the corps. The Twelfth and Eleventh 
Corps moved towards Fredericksburg, meeting little 
opposition ; ^ the Fifth Corps was near the river. The 
Twelfth Corps soon struck the plank road, and an 
easterly march of twelve miles brought it to near Chan- 
cellorsville. 

Chancellorsville was a town of one house. Going 
westward from Fredericksburg on the old turnpike, five 
miles from the town, a plank road diverges to the left. 
Both roads, the turnpike and the plank road, lead to 
Chancellorsville, five or six miles off; the former 
straight, the latter winding to avoid hills. The house 
of "V. Chancellor " stood in an intersection of these 
roads : it was a large brick house, once used as a tavern, 
and a family was within it, until driven out by its taking 

1 " The Federal columns. . . had meanwhile pressed on to Germanna 
and Ely's Fords, where they succeeded in crossing, in spite of resistance 
from Captain Collins, of the Fifteenth Virginia Cavalry. ... In front of 
Banks's and Ely's Fords, General Lee had two brigades of Anderson's 
Division, Posey's and Mahone's, and one battery ; in all, about 8,000 men. 
Upon the approach of the enemy, this force was- withdrawn, and concen- 
trated at Chancellorsville; where it was joined upon the morning of the 30th 
by Wright's Brigade, which had been sent up to re-enforce it, the enemy 
still pressing on. . . . General Anderson fell back from Chancellorsville to 
Tabernacle Church, on the plank road, five miles below [a little south of 
East]." — £sten Cooke. 



CHANCELLORS VILLE. 159 

fire from the rebel shells. In front, looking southward, 
were oi^en fields, bordered by the forests of the Wilder- 
ness. A clearing behind was bounded by the woods, 
through which ran the roads to Ely's and the United- 
States Fords. Westward on the plank road, a mile 
and half or thereabouts, was Melzi Chancellor's house, 
and a little beyond, the Wilderness Church. Near this, 
the old pike road renewed itself, going straight on, 
while the plank road bent to the left. Following the 
pike, at Wilderness Tavern, five miles from Chancel- 
lorsville, was met the Germanna plank road coming in 
on the north, on which the Twelfth Corps had moved. 
The whole country was dreary and desolate, — as many 
a soldier learned in May, 18G3, and afterwards in the 
battles of the Wilderness. 

When the Second was but a few rods from the 
house, it was turned off the road, to the right, into 
the woods ; then to the right again, in a line parallel 
with the road, some little distance ; then to the right, 
and countermarched ; and was put in position at Fair- 
view. Facing westward, or perhaps south-westerly, the 
rialit of the First Brioade of the Twelfth Corps rested 
on the road. Our brigade touched its left, — the Sec- 
ond on the right, then the Thirteenth New Jersey. 
Beyond the brigade, on the left, was Geary. The 
Ele^•enth Corps was considerably to the right of the 
Twelfth. The Second Corps crossed the Rappahannock 
that day, about a mile below the junction of that river 
and die Rapidan, at United-States Ford, which had been 
uncovered by the movement of the Fifth Corps. A 



160 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY. 

bridge was laid there that day. General Hooker came 
that evening to Chancellor's house. He had the four 
corps mentioned (the Second, Fifth, Eleventh, and 
Twelfth), at or near Chancellorsville. The First, 
Third, and Sixth Corps had been moved to the brink 
of the Rappahannock, in the vicinity of Fredericksburg ; 
bridges liad been thrown over ; and a portion of these 
troops actually crossed to hold the enemy there until the 
other troops had reached Chancellorsville. These corps 
were still in that vicinity, or on the road. 

At half-past eight o'clock that evening (Thursday) , 
while the Second was making ready for a Avet biv- 
ouac, the following order was read, and the soldiers 
cheered : — 

Headquakters, Army of the Potomac, 

Camp neak Falmouth, Va., April 30, 1863. 

It is with heartfelt satisfaction that the Commanding Gen- 
eral announces to the army, that the operations of the last 
three days have determined that our enemy must either in- 
gloriously fly, or come out from behind his defences and give 
us battle on our own ground, where certain destruction awaits 
him. The operations of the Fifth, Eleventh, and Twelfth 
Corps have been a succession of splendid achievements. 
By command of Major General Hooker, 

S. Williams, Assistant Adjutant- General. 

General Slocum's movement of these three corps 
had been boldly and skilfully executed. 

Friday, May 1, was a beautiful day. It being mus- 
ter-day, that work was, of course, commenced. It was 
half done when orders came to move : the whole army 
was in motion on various roads. "I directed an 



CHANCELLOKSVILLE. 161 

advance," says Hooker, "for the purpose, in the first 
instance, of driving the enemy away from Banks's Ford, 
which was six miles down the river, in order tliat he 
misrht be in closer communication Avith the left winoj of 
the army." The Twelfth Corps advanced on the plank 
road, towards Fredericksburg, to be followed by the 
Eleventh ; the Fifth Corps, on the river road, to be fol- 
lowed by the Second Corps. The result was a march 
of a mile and a half or thereabouts. Then there was 
sharp musketry on the left, and artillery shot flew over- 
head. General Sykes, of the Fifth Corps, had met the 
rebel Anderson. Jackson, who had reached Taber- 
nacle Church that morning, with the divisions of A. P. 
Hill, D. H. Hill, and Trimble, sent four brigades to 
Anderson's help. General Hooker was "satisfied," that, 
"as the passage-way through the forest was narrow,"' 
he " could not throw troops through it fast enough to 
resist the advance of General Lee, and was apprehen- 
sive of being whipped in detail."^ He drew back his 
troops to their former position. The enemy made some 
demonstrations on the Twelfth and Fifth. Corps, but 
were easily repulsed. Their object, doubtless, was to 
learn the position of the army; and they succeeded. 
The Third Corps had crossed at United-States Ford 
that morning, and were massed in rear of the Chan- 
cellor House. Jackson's command bivouacked about 
two miles east of Chancellorsville, General Lee having 
arrived with other troops ; and the Union forces were 

1 General Hooker's Testimony before the Committee on the Conduct of 
the War. 

11 



162 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEY. 

under arms all night, while plenty of picket-firing went 
on. 

On Saturday morning, the Second entrenched. It 
was the "first time it had received such an order. Trees 
were felled, and piled up breast-high ; and abattis were 
constructed in front. The whole army was behind 
defences. The Eleventh Corps was on the right. 
Birney's Division of the Third Corps was in the 
morning placed between the Eleventh and Twelfth, 
occupying nearly a brigade front. The Twelfth Corps 
was in its position of the day before. The Fifth 
•Corps, General Meade, was next to the Twelfth, on the 
left. Behind the Fifth and Twelfth was the Second 
Corps, General Couch. The First Corps was on the 
road from Falmouth. The Sixth was still on the north 
side the river, below Fredericksburg. 

The position of General Hooker's army was too 
strong to allow a direct attack, especially as he largely 
outnumbered the rebels ; but the enemy was busy that 
Saturday. At eight o'clock in the morning, they were 
seen moving steadily across the front towards the right. 
They were on an old road bending to the south-west. 
Word was brought to General Slocum ; he went to a 
position where he clearly saw the enemy, and immedi- 
ately reported the fact to General Hooker. It was not 
until afternoon that permission was had to attack this 
column. General Birney went out with his division of 
the Third Corps, with Barlow's Brigade of the Eleventh 
(in which was the Thirty-third Massachusetts, Colonel 
Underwood) on his right, Whipple's Division of the 



CHANCELLORS VILLE. 163 

Third, iind, later, Williams's (in wliich was the Second 
Massachusetts) on his left. They struck, a uiilc or 
two on, Jackson's column ; but it was only the rear. 
The Twenty-third Georgia was captured, almost to a 
man. But Jackson's column had passed. The trains 
were attacked, when (it was about five o'clock) the roar 
of guns was heard on the extreme right. Jackson, 
with twenty-two thousand men, had moved all day in 
front of his foe, separated himself from every possi- 
bility of help, and turned the flank of a force of at 
least sixty thousand men. 

General Slocum instantly ordered back Williams's 
Division. When it had returned, it found that the 
Eleventh had been utterly routed : its own works were 
in the hands of the enemy ; and confusion and dismay 
were triumphant. 

All except iii one sj)0t. Pleasanton had stopped 
some artillery, turned it, and checked the rout. Slo- 
cum, of the Twelfth, with his single division (Cap- 
tain Morse, of the Second, was on his staif, and 
did fine service), had changed front, and called back 
Williams's.^ Best, chief of artillery to the Twelfth 
Corps, had with Avonderful energy brought his pieces 
into position, with some of the Third Corps ; and 
gathered up some of those of the Eleventh. Berry's 
Division, of the Third Corps, was in position, firm and 



1 "Slocum, by his bold and rapid change of front, saved the army from 
the disastrous consequences that might liave followed the rout of the 
Eleventh Corps." — Bowman cf /rtotn's " Sherman and his Campaigns," — 
p. 265. 



164 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

steadfast against the advancing tide of the enemy, 
who came on with cheers, and pushed down the line of 
the road. Best's twenty-two pieces opened with shell 
and canister. Williams's Division returning, cut across 
the works of their old line, — part of which were in the 
possession of the enemy, — formed at right angles to that 
line, and partially facing the road. Best's guns were 
on a little ridge. The Second, M^ith its brigade, were 
down the slope, in front of the batteries which threw 
their shot overhead. A hundred shots a minute poured 
from Best's pieces, sweeping away the constantly re- 
peated lines of the enemy. The enemy foiled. The 
tide was stemmed. 

In the night, towards midnight, the artillery sudden- 
ly opened again. "The ridge in front of Chancellors- 
ville," says Cooke, "resembled the crater of a volcano, 
vomiting forth fire and iron. A hurricane of shell 
swept ^:he roads as with the besom of destruction ; and 
the broken ranks, riderless horses, and wild confusion 
made up a scene of tumult which was enough to try the 
stoutest nerves." It was just after Jackson had fallen, 
shot, said the rebels, by a volley from their own men ; 
shot, said the First Massachusetts, by a volley from 
them. In either case, he was a hundred yards outside 
his own lines, and considerably nearer the Union lines. ^ 

The artillery ceased, and Birney advanced with the 

1 " The soldiers of the First Regiment saw the group of horsemen 
approaching, — not knowing that Stonewall Jackson was one of them, of 
course, — and greeted them with a volley as soon as they came within 
range. . . . The whole group turned and fled." — Cudwoi'th'' s " History of 
the First Regimeut." 



CHANCELLORSVILLE. 165 

bayonet, drove back the enemy lialf a mile, recovered 
guns and caissons, and re-established the line. But 
all night the firing was going on, and all night the 
whippoorwills were never silent. 

When the sun rose on Sunday morning, the battle 
was renewed. The enemy attacked, still in the same 
general direction of the plank road. General Hooker's 
line, as repaired, was this : the First Corps, which had 
crossed United-States Ford, on the extreme right; 
then ;Meade, Avith the Fifth ; then Sickles, across the 
road west of the Chancellor house, pushed forward ; 
Berry's Division, north of the road, supported by 
AVhipple; Birney, on the south of the road, supported 
in part by Williams, of the Twelfth Corps, who was in 
the position of the night. Geary's Division of the 
Twelfth Corps was still to the left of Williams ; and the 
Eleventh Corps, restored to order by Howard's almost 
superhuman efforts, formed the left. The line so ran 
that Slocum's Corps, the Twelfth, was at the apex of a 
cone ; part of the corps behind, when the battle opened, 
covered by Birney, who was farther up the road. 
Against this apex, to break it off, was the strength of 
the enemy hurled, while other forces were assaulting 
other parts of the line. 

Hill, Colston, and Rodes led their rebel divisions 
against this point, the enemy attacking only Williams 
and Berry. Following Jackson's favorite method, they 
came up in heavy columns, deployed suddenly, and 
rushed on with yells. Best had twenty-eight pieces in 
position. As the rebels approached, these guns hurled 



166 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

a tempest of missiles into them. Their lines were 
pierced and gashed ; yet still they came on. The infan- 
try met them with a terribly destructive fire ; but the 
rebel lines were constantly renewed. At length, the 
Third Corps, severely weakened, fell back ; and the 
Twelfth Corps bore the shock. Williams's Division 
stood at the critical point : the veterans of this body 
knew their duty. Of the Third Brigade, General 
Ruger, were the Second, the Third Wisconsin, and 
the Twenty-seventh Indiana. Nothing that could be 
brought against the front of these steady old regiments 
could move them. Again, as the enemy advanced, did 
Best's guns plough through their ranks. The muskets 
of Williams's Division poured in the bullets. Three 
successive times were new lines of the enemy brought 
up against them ; each time, to be broken and repulsed. 
As they were broken, the line of the men of the division 
pressed gradually forward. In the third line of the 
enemy, there was a Palmetto regiment, as its flag 
showed. It chanced to come against the Second, — 
Massachusetts and South Carolina. Gallantly did the 
Southern regiment fight : three times its colors fell, 
but were instantly raised again. Three times did the 
flag of the Second change bearers. Lieutenant-Colonel 
Cogswell was wounded ; Lieutenant Fitzgerald, dead ; 
Captains Grafton and Powers, and Lieutenant Perkins, 
were wounded. Thirty-three per cent of the whole had 
fallen. At last, the Palmettos suddenly retired. The 
regiment had cleared its front, and found itself in its 
old entrenchments. 



CHANCELLOESVILLE. 167 

The regiment was out of ammunition. For the first 
time, it had shot away all its cartridges. The officers 
had, during the fight, gathered up all the ammunition 
from the cartridge-boxes of the wounded and dead ; 
and, as the line gained ground, taken that of the fallen 
rebels. But it was all gone ; and the urgent request 
for a supply was answered, in a high quarter, " I cannot 
make men or ammunition." So the brigade fixed bay- 
onets, and stood at "order arms" for three-fourths of 
an hour. Fortunately, the rebels had been so severely 
handled that their assaults were faint. AVhilc the two 
divisions were bearing the whole rebel attack. General 
Slocum repeatedly sent staff-officers to General Hooker, 
reporting the situation, and urging him to allow other 
troops to take part in the battle. He saw him in per- 
son also, and asked him to send another corps in on 
Berry's right, so as to take the rebels in flank. Other 
corps commanders were present, and begged the privi- 
lege, and the soldiers were eager to take part in the bat- 
tle. But General Hooker utterly refused. By and by 
Berry was killed, the left of his line was overpowered, 
and the right of Williams's was eventually turned, 
which requii-ed him to fall back. The Second INIassa- 
chusetts, moving around the south of the Chancellor 
house, waited orders. While waiting, a round shot 
took oif three legs of two men of Company E. Later, 
the Second was sent back nearer tlie United-States 
Ford. 

At ten or eleven o'clock. General Hooker had drawn 
back his forces to a line traced earlier for that purpose, 



168 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

covering the parting of the roads to the ferries. His 
right and left each rested noAv upon the river, and 
Chancellorsville was left to the enemy. The house was 
in flames before he left it, set on fire by shells ; and 
the terrified women, who had sheltered themselves in the 
cellar, were conducted out of the burning building to 
the ford. The woods were on fire, and the roaring and 
crackling flames were running over helpless wounded 
men. Doubtless, the enemy saved the wounded from 
the fire so far as possible. "I was suddenly seized," 
says one of the Second who had lost his sight, " and 
dragged hurriedly along for some distance." It was 
doubtless to rescue him from the flames. 

Against another assault, in the afternoon, the Second 
had nothing to do. It was not severe : Lee had some- 
thing else to do. 

That morning. General Sedgwick, with the Sixth 
Corps, had crossed at Fredericksburg, carried the 
enemy's works, captured a portion of the few brigades 
left there when Lee had moved on Chancellorsville, and 
was now advancing up the road on the south of the 
river, to move on Lee's flank, and make a juncture with 
Ho6ker. Lee heard this in the afternoon. He imme- 
diately detached a heavy force to the relief of Barks- 
dale and Wilcox, who were found at Salem Church, 
about five miles from Fredericksburg, vigorously pushed 
by Sedgwick, and retreating. The rebels stopped 
Sedgwick's advance. The Second, with the whole 
army, lay listening to the sound of the battle. A move- 
ment was expected. Hooker would, of course* (was 



CH.mCELLORSVILLE. 1G9 

the talk in the lines), fall on Lee, to help Sedgwick. 
But it was not done. Sedgwick was held in check till 
night. That evening, after dark, the Twelfth Corps 
was moved to the extreme left, resting on the river, in 
Sedgwick's direction ; and was intermingled, for ob- 
vious reasons, with the Eleventh Corps. Breastworks 
were found there. It was a beautiful night ; and the 
change from the smoke of the smouldering fires to the 
cool air by the rippling waters was refreshing. Food 
was had also : Quartermaster Sawyer, the indefati- 
gable man, had brought boxes and bags, on the back 
of mules, from the trains which had been left across the 
river at United-States Ford. The men Avere black with 
the smoke of powder or burning woods in which for 
two days they had been wrapped. 

Monday morning (May 4), the sound of Sedgwick's 
contest was renewed. Lee had gone there himself, 
and by and by drove Sedgwick over the river at 
Banks's Ford. Hooker gave him no help. "Reconnois- 
sances were made," says General Hooker, " on the right, 
from one end of the line to the other, to feel the 
enemy's strength, and find a place and way to attack 
him successfully ; but it was ascertained that it could 
only be made on him behind his defences, and with 
slender columns, which I believed he could destroy as 
fast as they were thrown on his works." It is remark- 
able, that, in the same country, the enemy found means 
to assault a force twice their number. 

The hospital, which had been removed from Chan- 
cellorsville during the first attack, to a place nearer 



170 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

the river, had been transferred to the north side of 
the Rappahannock, two-thirds of a mile back from the 
river. No better hospital arrangements were possible 
than those of the Twelfth Corps, organized by the 
medical director, Surgeon McNulty. It was in charge 
of Surgeon Casey, of the Twentieth Connecticut, a 
man admirably, qualified by ability and education for his 
place. Surgeon Try ford, of the Twenty-Seventh Indi- 
ana, chief operator for the Third Brigade, did his work 
skilfully. Surgeon Heath, of the Second, gave evidence 
of the cool skill which was to place him by and by 
among the first of the surgeons of the corps ; and 
Assistant-Surgeon Wightman gave promise of a success 
which his speedy death cut off. The wounded of the 
Second were collected there : boughs were cut for beds, 
and all their wants supplied. The "Sanitary" was, of 
course, on hand. God bless the memory of the " Sani- 
tary ! " 

Monday morning, in the gray, suddenly shots fell 
into the hospital. The enemy had planted a battery, 
just opposite the extreme left of Hooker's line, several 
miles away, which threw its balls into the hospital and 
wagon-camp. At the first shot, limbs fell from a tree 
upon the tent in which were the wounded officers of the 
Second. The next fell among some rebel prisoners, 
killing one and wounding five. For a few minutes, 
the shots fell with the greatest rapidity. One passed 
through the tent which had been turned in by the 
Second, and killed a man just rising up. The wounded 
men began to be hastily removed. There came near 



CHANCELLORSVILLE . 171 

being a stampede of wagons, and the large ambulance 
train of the corps. Some drivers were in haste to leave. 
Quartermaster Sawyer, of the Second, was present, with 
pistol in hand, — " The first man that leaves without 
orders dies ! " Order was restored, and preparations 
hastened. But the fire speedily ceased. The men of 
the Twelfth Corps, in the line, drove it off. 

The roar of fight to the eastward, at Banks's Ford, 
ceased about noon on Monday. The battle of Chan- 
cellorsvllle was ended. A hundred thousand men, 
thoroughly organized, admirably equipped, in high 
spirits, — brave men, and most of them experienced 
soldiers, — had been baffled by a force now known to 
have been half their number. 

ISIonday night was quiet. Tuesday morning, the 
hospital Avas to be moved. But, while a good locality 
was being sought, orders came to put it and the Avagon 
trains on the road for the old camp. This was signifi- 
cant of retreat. In fact, at a council of generals held 
jNIonday night. General Hooker had decided to recross 
the river, and return to his old position. In the after- 
noon, while trains were far on, it began to rain furi- 
ously. The Rappahannock rose rapidly, and the three 
pontoon bridges were necessarily reduced to two. Or- 
ders came to the Second to move that night ; but they 
were countermanded, and it lay that wet night in the 
trenches. Wednesday morning, the regiment moved 
to United-States Ford, where the army lay crowded to- 
gether for a few hours ; and then recrossed the river, 
witli more men in the ranks who had not fired a shot, or 



172 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

been brought into the presence of the enemy, than Lee 
had in his entire army. 

That rainy clay, the Second made twenty-three miles, 
and, late at night, took possession of their old and roof- 
less huts at Stafford Court-house. Better not have left 
them ten days before : too many huts were tenantless. 

In the fighting of these days, one officer was killed. 
Lieutenant Gerald Fitzgerald, — a fine scholar, a 
brave soldier (he was buried on the field) ; and four 
wounded, — Lieutenant - Colonel Cogswell, Captain 
Grafton, Captain Powers, and Lieutenant W. E. Per- 
kins. Of enlisted men, the killed were, — Nutter, 
of A; Bickford, Christie, Foss, and Stevens (Jesse), 
of B; Manning (2d), of C; Houghton (A. C.) and 
Uffenheimer, of E ; Bedell, Fitch, Kittredge, and Pur- 
cell, of G ; Burke (J.), and Hannigan, of H; Davis, 
Hanscom (C. G.), Martin, McKenny, and Webb (J.), 
of I ; and Bortchy, Bunning, and Rathburn, of K. 
Mortally wounded, — Corporal Page, of A ; Manning, 
of B ; Hoyt and Sullivan, of C ; Barrell and Fer- 
nald, of H ; and Cameron and Sawyer, of I. Eighty- 
six wounded, not mortally ; and eight prisoners (the 
men left in the works, in charge of the knapsacks, on 
the 2d of May) . The losses were thirty-three per cent. 

The division. General Williams's, lost 1,659 men; 
the Twelfth Corps, 3,143, out of between nine and ten 
thousand men. 

For the loss of these brave men, it was poor conso- 
lation to hear the order in which the " Major-General 
commanding" tendered to the army "his congratula- 



CHANCELLORS VILLE . 173 

tions on its achievements of the last seven days." 
" We have made long marches, crossed rivers, surprised 
the enemy in his intrenchments." But, with vastly 
superior forces, we had failed of our purpose. "We 
have taken from the enemy five thousand prisoners and 
fifteen colors, captured seven pieces of artillery, and 
placed hors die combat eighteen thousand of our foe's 
chosen troops." But, of the prisoners in the hands of 
the enemy, of the artillery lost, and of the faithful, noble 
men" wounded or dead, the order was silent. The 
Second had this consolation, — that it had increased its 
honorable fame, stood manfully, and driven boldly 
Jackson's best troops ; and that its dead had fallen like 
brave men. 

Colonel Quincy resigned his colonelcy the last of 
May, being discharged June 2. He was suffering from 
the wounds received at Cedar Mountain, as well as from 
the hardships of Richmond prisons. The experience 
of the Chancellorsville movement convinced him, reluc- 
tantly, that he was unequal to active field-duty. He 
accordingly received a commission as lieutenant-colonel 
of the Seventy-Third United-States Colored Troops, 
and afterwards a colonel, to be employed as assistant 
inspector-general in Louisiana, and eventually to be 
brevetted brigadier-general, Lieutenant-Colonel Cogs- 
well was promoted to the colonelcy, which he had nobly 
earned. In his absence, being wounded, Lieutenant- 
Colonel ]Mudge was in command. 

Assistant-Surgeon AVightman was put on duty in 



174 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IKFANTRY. 

the corps hospital at Acquia Landing. He devoted 
himself to his duty with so much earnestness, that he 
soon fell sick ; and he died, on the 15th of June, at 
Washington. He was a faithful man, and bid fair to 
be a most efficient officer. William Nichols, jun., of 
Boston, joined as assistant surgeon, having abeady 
had valuable experience in front of Washington. He 
was eventually promoted surgeon ; but preferred the 
same position in the Third Massachusetts Artillery, 
and served to the close of the war. 

A new camp was laid out, near the old one, and 
occupied May 27. The weather was intensely hot, 
and wood-ticks and snakes flourished. 



BEVERLY FORD TO GETTYSBURG. 175 



XIV. 

FROM BEVERLY FORD TO GETTYSBURG. 

Ox the 6th of June, 1863, the regiment moved in light 
marching order on a secret expedition. General 
Hooker having learned that the enemy had massed his 
cavalry near Culpeper, despatched General Pleasanton 
to attack him. A large force of cavalry, with picked 
regiments of infantry, and some artillery, crossed by 
Kelley's and Beverly Fords. The Second, and the 
Third Wisconsin, were of the number selected, and 
were in that column which was to cross at Beverly 
Ford. They left camp, train, sick, &c., in the even- 
ing : a heavy thunder-shower, soon after starting, laid 
the dust. The re^^iment marched that night to near 
Spott Tavern, fifteen miles, arriving at 2, a.m. ; starting 
at 10, A.M., reached Bealeton Station about 6, p.m., 
where detachments from other corps were met, all under 
General Ames; kept out of sight a day in the woods, 
and then moved rapidly to Beverly Ford, and crossed 
on the morning of the 9th, — cavalry first, then the 
Third "Wisconsin, then the Second. Colonel Davis, 
commanding cavalry, charged up to, and over, a barri- 
cade. The infiintry moved up, and drove the enemy, 



176 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTEY. 

after sharp firing, several miles. The trains could be 
heard, bringing re-enforcements, at Brandy Station. The 
rebels tried to tm'n, first the right, and then the left; 
but without success, and with much loss both in killed 
and prisoners. Firing was soon heard in the rebel 
rear. General Gregg, who had crossed at Kelley's Ford, 
had moved to Brandy Station, drove Stewart, and cap- 
tured his headquarters, finding papers which indicated 
Lee's movement to Pennsylvania. The enemy's cav- 
alry, then about to move, were badly shattered, and 
their value greatly diminished all the way to Gettys- 
burg. Gregg came in on the left, and the whole force 
fell back, and recrossed about 6, p.m. The Second 
had lost one mortally wounded, — Nutting, of D ; and 
two wounded. In this affair, twenty men of Company 
D, with seventy from the Third Wisconsin, all under 
Captain Oakey, captured more than their whole number 
of men. 

On the morning of the 10th, the regiment marched 
back to Bealeton, where it remained until the 14th. 
The whole ai'my was in motion ; and the Second, re- 
maining one night just above Warrenton Junction, 
rejoined the corps on the 16th, at Fairfax, meeting 
there the men left behind at Stafford Court-house, who 
had come on with the wagons, baggage, &c., by Avay 
of Dumfries, under command of Major Morse. The 
army was on the road to Gettysburg. 

Lee was moving towards Pennsylvania. Hooker was 
moving on parallel roads, observing the enemy, and 
"coverinu: Washington." 



BEVERLY FORD TO GETTYSBURG. 177 

The Twelfth Corps moved by way of Fairfax, Lees- 
buro-, Edwards's Ferry, and Frederick. On the day 
after the Second rejoined its corps, it moved on from 
Fairfax, and struck the Leesbm-g and Alexandria turn- 
pike, a few miles south-east of Drainsville. On the 
18th, passed through Drainsville, forded Goose Creek 
(in a hard hail-storm), passed through Leesburg, and 
camped under the old rebel Fort Johnston. Good for- 
ao-ino- in that vicinity. There was no movement until 
the 26th, a wet day, when the regiment crossed the 
Potomac, at Edwards's Ferry, on pontoons ; met some 
of the Second jNIassachusetts Cavalry near Poolsville ; 
and encamped about 4, p.m., near the mouth of the 
INIonocacy, following river roads and the canal bank. 
On the 27th, crossing the Monocacy on the culvert, 
went up to Point of Rocks. Some miles ftirther on, 
went through a tunnel under the canal; and on, to a 
mile beyond Petersville. On the 28th, back to Peters- 
villc, and, through Jefferson, to near Frederick, and 
camped a mile south of the familiar river. That day. 
General ^Sleade took command of the army. The im- 
mediate occasion of General Hooker's request to be 
relieved was, that he desired to take the force at Har- 
per's Ferry, and unite it Avith the Twelfth Corps, 
" throw them rapidly in rear of General Lee's army, 
cut his communications, destroy the bridges, and cap- 
ture his trains, and then re-unite with the main army."^ 
Had this been done, the history of the Second would 



1 General Butterfield's statement. 
12 



178 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

have been difFerent. It was overruled by General 
Halleck. Hooker had brought his army, by brilliant 
marches, face to face with the enemy, and was then 
driven from command by a general in Washington, 
on a point which that general immediately conceded 
to Hooker's successor. 

On the 29th, a rainy day, the regiment passed 
through Waterville, to within a mile of Bruce ville ; on 
the 30th, through Taney town, to half a mile beyond 
Littleston ; on the 1st of July, slowly, four or five 
miles, to near Two Taverns, where it halted. Heavy 
and continuous firing in the direction of Gettysburg 
soon startled the command. It was ordered forward, 
took position about two miles south of the town, on the 
right, and threw out skirmishers. The firing was from 
Reynold's attack (on the other side of the town) , and 
Howard's support, which' ended in the latter's placing 
all his forces on Cemetery Ridge. It was about 7, 
P.M., when Slocum placed his corps on the right; and 
Sickles, the Third, on the left of the Eleventh. The 
regiment slightly changed its position in the evening. 

The enemy, who had been floating about in Pennsyl- 
vania pretty much at will, had found it necessaxy to 
concentrate, and were gathering near Gettysburg. 
General Meade determined to give battle at that place. 
But, of that battle in general, it is not in the purpose 
of this record to speak. 

On the morning of the 2d, there was some skirmish- 
ing by the regiment ; then another slight change was 
made, the whole corps making a slight detour to the 



BEVERLY FORD TO GETTYSBURG. 179 

left, taking position, the right resting on Rock Creek, 
at a point where it crossed the Baltimore pike. This 
was the extreme right of the line of the whole army. 
Breastworks were immediately thrown up. 

Late in the afternoon, the enemy made a heavy 
assault upon the extreme left of the line. The First 
Division of the Twelfth Corps was ordered to its assist- 
ance. Arriving there, it was immediately exposed to 
artillery fire ; but the Second lost but one man, — 
wounded. Scarcely was this movement completed, 
when, the enemy being repulsed, the division was 
ordered back to its old defences. 

Coming near there, circumstances led Lieutenant- 
Colonel Mudge to suspect that the enemy had occupied 
the ground ; and he sent Company F, as skirmishers, to 
ascertain the state of the case. Meanwhile the reoi- 
ment was promptly placed in line of battle, at right 
angles to its old line, in the edge of the woods, on the 
opposite side of a meadow from which the enemy might 
be expected. 

The night was dark, with an occasional gleam of 
moonlight. With the exception of occasional shots 
from distant skirmishers, all was still. 

Company F returned, and reported a rebel line of 
battle at about four hundred yards' distance, which had 
not only got into our works, but had formed their line 
directly across them ; and brought in some prisoners 
who confirmed the statement. The report was not sat- 
isfactory to higher authorities, and Lieutenant-Colonel 
INIudge sent out Company K. That company, under the 



180 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

brave and skilful lead of Capt. Thomas B. Fox, cau- 
tiously advanced within ten feet of the enemy's line, cap- 
tured twenty prisoners, drew a volley of musketry, and 
returned ; with the loss of two men wounded, and two 
prisoners. There was no question now as to the 
enemy's position. The new line was strengthened by 
rails and logs, skirmishers pushed well forward, and 
daylight soberly waited for. Two batteries (Parrott 
and Napoleon guns) were posted so as to command the 
wood. Ewell's Corps formed the enemy's left. 

On the morning of the memorable 3d of July, the 
two batteries opened a rapid and severe fire, and kept 
it up for over an hour. But it failed to dislodge the 
enemy, who were favored by the nature of the ground, 
which was steep and rocky, and covered with dense 
woods. The batteries ceased, and the sharpshooters 
of the enemy, posted in trees, became annoying. 

At about 7 o'clock, orders came to the Second, and 
one other regiment, to advance over the meadow, 
and carry the enemy's position. So strange an order 
excited astonishment. The regiments were a handful 
against the mass of enemy opposite, even without any 
regard to their formidable position. Lieutenant- 
Colooel Mudge questioned the messenger, "Are you su)'e 
that is the order?" — "Yes." — "Well," said he, "it is 
murder : but it's the order. Up, men, over the works ! 
Forward, double-quick ! " With a cheer, with bayonets 
unfixed, without firing a shot, the line sprang forward 
as fast as the swampy ground would allow. The brave 
young leader fell dead in the middle of the field, as on 



BEVERLY FORD TO GETTYSBURG. 181 

foot, and waving his sword, he was cheering on tlie 
men ; and Major Morse took command. Three color- 
bearers were shot in going two hnndred yards, but the 
colors kept on. Into the enemy's line ; up to the breast- 
. works ; and the regiment held its old position ! 

But the rebel fire was still terrible. The Second was 
alone. The regiment on its right, its single help, had 
melted back. The troops in support were motionless. 
From behind every tree and rock, the enemy poured an 
overwhelming fire; three brigades (a prisoner after- 
wards said) were at that point. Another color-bearer 
fell dead, waving the colors. Ten oflficers had fallen. 
No supports came. The rebels were flanking the regi- 
ment, when the order was given to retire. Slowly and 
sullenly the Second fell back, re-crossed the fiekl of 
death, and, taking position behind a ruined stone wall, 
opened fire on the enemy whenever they showed them- 
selves. 

"I never saw a finer sight," said a general, "than to 
see that regiment, coming back over that terrible 
meadow, face about and form in line as steady as if on 
parade." Steady, — but of the 22 officers and 294 men, 
134 lay on the field. The lieutenant-colonel com- 
manding was dead. "Our brave young color-bearer" 
was killed, and of the color-guard but a remnant was 
left. Forty-four men in every hundred had fallen, but 
the honor of the Second was untainted. 

The brave, young ^Mudge, the true-hearted Van 
Dyke Stone, — were dead, llobeson, impetuous, dar- 
ing, and able; Thomas B. Fox, who added the 



182 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

noblest scholarly culture to a faithful, devoted heart, 
— were mortally wounded. Captain Crowninshield, 
and Lieutenants Gelray (arm amputated), Parker, 
Mehan, Comey, and N. D. A. Sawyer — were 
wounded. Of the enlisted men, the dead were Bas- 
com, Bullard, Durgin (color-bearer), Foster (S. P.), 
Hall, and Heoy, of A ; Whittier, of B ; Marshall, of 
C; Derr, Maynard, Nelson, and Sadler (carrying the 
colors), of D; Furber, Peck (P. H.), and Wilson, of 
G; and Bailey, Cady (carrying the colors), Joy, and 
Trayner, of I. Mortally wounded were Ball, Briggs 
(J.), Foster (A^^.), and Prouty, of A ; Alton and 
Conlan, of B ; Chase and Goetz, of C ; Blunt and Ela, 
of D ; Kiernan, of F ; Babcock, Burdett, and Farring- 
ton, of H; Brown, Butters, Edmunds, and Parker, of 
I ; and Jewett and Wade, of K. Eighty-four enlisted 
men were wounded, not mortally (among them Hobbs, 
of I, while carrying the colors) ; and six were prisoners. 
The dead of the enlisted men were buried at Gettys- 
burg. 

"Lamenting the heroic dead," said Colonel Cogswell, 
" our beloved lieutenant-colonel, our respected and 
cherished officers, our brave and noble men, who left 
their lives on that bloody but victorious field, — let us 
imitate their example, and make ourselves worthy to 
have been their comrades in arms ! " 

After returning, the regiment went into its log 
defences, and the artillery opened again with good 
effect. An attack was made by a part of the Second 
Division on the enemy's flank and rear ; and after seven 



BEVEKLY FORD TO GETTrSBUEG. IgJ 

hours' hard fig,ui„„, ;„„„„,.„„ „,^ ^.^^^ .^ 
Second was engaged, the e„c„,y .,,.c disW„ 
About 3pm., the rogi„.ont occupied its original JZl 
and cared or its dead and wounded. S Lc of t , e' 
vere brought off under the fire of sharpshooters, and 
some under cover of the night. Surgeon I ea l' 
and Ass,stant-Surgeon .Mehois did fine ser, 'ce. It w 

El venth Corps had redeemed its honor. L that con 
test was the Thirt,-t,,ird JIass.achusetts, ColonelUnde .' 
- «ood, winch had never lost its honor. I„ the evenin! 
the message was passed alono- the line fi- r. ,' 

Mcidc tl,nt fT . ° ' """ General 

Meade, th,at he enemy h.ad been repulsed at all points 
Durmgthe n.ght, the regiment lay in its works "ep; 
awake by skn-mishing fire .and volleys of musketr t 
the mornmg the enemy had disappeared. The Second 
and some other regiments, were sent on a reconnot ee' 

.ofeated. On returnmg, the day was spent in carino- 
for the wounded, and burying the dead. 

in the movement of the army after Lee tbn « 
ond left on the 5th, and reached Lnul 
or M , it-acnea l^ittleston ; on the 6th 

a few mdes below that place; on the 7th ( „ the n, ' 
tovvitlnn tln-ee miles of Frederick; on the 8th tl , 
^redefck. JLddleton, and Burketsville, to Crampto:-, 
Gap; on the 9th, to RohrersvUle; on the 10 1 
crossed the old battle-ground of Antietam v ,! 'te 
recalln,g recollections of that stubborn fight, and biv 
ackedat.t3„ght;„„thellth,toalItti:north-et 



184 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

of Fairplay ; on the 12th, to near Williamsport, and 
threw up breastworks. Here Colonel Cogswell, nearly 
recovered from his wound, rejoined the regiment, and 
took command. 

On the 14th, the strong rebel works were found 
deserted. Lee had made good his escape across the 
river, losing only some of his rear-guard. That day 
the regiment marched eighteen miles ; on the 15th, 
three miles below Antietam Iron Works ; on the 16th, 
it passed by Unsel's house again, and over the hills to 
Sandy Hook ; on the 19th, it crossed the river, and 
over the Shenandoah, and bivouacked a little west of 
Hillsborough ; on the 20th, to Snickersville, towards the 
Gap ; on the 23d and 24th, a continuous march of 
twenty-eight miles through Troy, Oakhill, and Upper- 
ville, to White Plains, where Major Morse and 
Lieutenants George and Sawyer, with a squad of non- 
conimissioned officers, left for Massachusetts, to bring 
back "conscripts," — none of whom ever came. On the 
25th, moved to Haymarket ; on the 26th, to near War- 
renton Junction ; where, on the 27th, General Gordon 
visited the regiment, and was warmly received. On the 
31st, the regiment moved by road east of Bealeton to 
near Kelley's Ford, on the Rappahannock ; on the 1st 
of August, crossed to support a cavalry advance, the 
Second and the Twenty-seventh Indiana thrown forward 
as skirmishers ; on the 2d, in the evening, returned, and 
went into camp. It had come back to the old river, 
after fig-htino; two battles, and marching four hundred 
and four miles. 



JOUENEYINGS. 185 



XV. 



JOUENEYINGS. 



The regiment lay in camp until Aug. 16. On the 
15th (Saturday), came orders to be ready, and in 
the morning the regiment was on the road. But there 
was something odd about it : the Third Wisconsin and 
the Twenty-seventh Indiana were on the road too, 
but the remainder of the brigade was left. Eioht other 
regiments were added, all under command of our Gene- 
ral Ruger. It was learned that certain sturdy regiments 
had been picked for pai-ticular service, but what that 
service was, was a profound mystery. 

Six miles up the river was Rappahannock Station. 
There, leaving horses to come by another train, and 
superfluous baggage to stay behind, the regiments were 
put on long railway trains, and that night found them- 
selves at Alexandria. 

On a miserable field in the edge of the town were 
the troops, after some delays, sent to bivouac. Two days 
had to be passed here. Peddlers overrun the camp, 
with very mean eatables. Ice cream was eaten by the 
l)int. Shoe-blacks appeared, and the privates exhibited 
great dignity in employing them to brush equipments. 



186 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INF^^TRY. 

Whiskey showed itself somewhat, but not much. 
Everybody wondered what the movement meant ; and 
nobody knew. The theory most favored was, that we 
were G-oino- down the coast. 

But towards night, "Fall in !" A mile or two through 
town took us to a wharf where lay the iron steamer 
" Merrimack." It took time to get on board ; but by and 
by, the Second, the Third Wisconsin, the Twenty- 
seventh Indiana, and the hundred and something Ohio, 
were snugly (very) stowed away. Other boats were 
near, and other troops embarking. Once on board, 
the proposals of the purser as to board made known 
to the officers that we were bound for New York. 

About 6, A.M., the boat started. Abominably close 
below, but delightful for those who had the fortune to 
be on deck. The trip down the river, the beautiful 
moonlight by and by, the cool, salt air, so sweet to men 
from the sultry Rappahannock, — were charming; that 
is, on deck. 

The next day, — having passed by night the junction 
of the Chesapeake with the ocean, no land was in sight ; 
walked by the "Erricson," a sister transport; and kept 
on until Saturday, when, nearing New York, the officers 
appeared at breakfast table, and boots were blacked, 
and white collars were displayed. Then at anchor off 
Governor's Island ; and General Euger reported to 
General Canby ; and orders came ; and we were landed 
at the foot of Canal Street, North-River side, and left 
the "Merrimack," 1,991|^ tons, with its two lowrpressure 
engines, and seventy-four life preservers, commanded 



JOUENEYINGS. 187 

by Captain Sampson, of Dcdham, ]Mass., — a gentle- 
man. Then marched without music to Broadway, and to 
City-Hall Park ; and entered it by the same gate as on 
the 9th of July, LSGl, and stacked arms on the same 
spot. But ah the ten hundred and forty ! 

The men were put in the barracks on the line of 
Broadway. The officers had tents. The Third Wis- 
consin was close at hand. A battery was stationed east, 
beyond the guard. General Ruger's tents were pitched 
the other side of the path running front of the City 
Hall. The Twenty-seventh Indiana was down at the 
Battery. All the squares bristled with muskets. 

It was just at the close of the famous riots by Gov- 
ernor Seymour's " friends." The Government was 
determined that the draft should proceed, and so it put 
an overwhelming force into the city ; and the draft did 
proceed. That day everybody was in camp, and the 
guns were ready. 

Indeed they always were. Orders were extremely 
strict ; " Never out of sound of the drum 1 " in the half- 
hour leaves, sparingly given. But the evening parade 
became an institution, and drew great crowds. Wives 
came on to see husbands. Public worship was held in 
the men's mess-hall, on a Sunday, by the Second, 
and the Third Wisconsin. Benevolent people came, and 
people not benevolent. A fortnight wore away in the 
din and hubbub of Broadway. 

Then suddenly, "Ready to move at a moment's 
notice I " Then to move at 3, p.m., and nobody to leave 
camp. But the line was formed ; wives hurried to 



188 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

say good- by ; the drum corps gave the music, and 
the regiment marched down Broadway, just at dark, 
to the Battery, and the lighters took men and horses — 
and were most all night about it — to the iron propeller 
"Mississippi," on which the Second, the Third Wiscon- 
sin, and the Twenty-seventh Indiana, found themselves 
steaming down NcAv-York Bay when they awoke on the 
morning of the 6th of September. 

The trip back again to Alexandria was like the trip 
on, only the men were not so crowded. The weather was 
beautiful, and bivouac on deck was a novelty yet ; 
below, the men found it close. Staten Island and the 
fortifications, Sandy Hook, the low, silver-fringed 
Jersey shore, — all disappeared. When Tuesday's day- 
light appeared, Cape Charles appeared also, and then 
Cape Henry ; and at evening, the light at Point Look- 
out, and there we anchored until daylight. By two, p.m. , 
on Wednesday, we were opposite Alexandria, and before 
sunset the regiment was on its abominable old field 
again. 

The "Mississippi" was twin sister to the "Merri- 
mack," made on the same plans, and had a capital com- 
mander. Captain Baxter, of Hyannis, Mass. ; and Purser 
Sampson, who did finely. Speaking of pursers, the 
oflScers were boarded for a dollar a meal, or five dollars 
the trip, at their option. Going on, one of ours chose 
the latter, but, being sea-sick, took only one meal at 
five dollars. Returning he was wiser, and chose the 
former arrangement, but not being sick, paid ten 
dollars for his meals. The wisest make mistakes. 



JOURNEYINGS. 189 

Expectations of being forwarded by rail, as other 
troops of the expedition had been, were disappointed. 
The day after arrival, at 2, P. jr., the three regiments 
were put on the road. Out of Alexandria, the country 
was desolate ; inhabitants all gone, lines obliterated, 
houses destroyed, — except at Annandale, a village of 
two houses, and a fine lot of chimnies. Camped a mile 
beyond that place. At 6, a.m., on the road, which was 
terriblj^ dusty ; a great lot of fresh horses, going to the 
army ; wagon trains, with whose escort our men got 
into a necessary fight ; a long train of sutlers' wagons 
coming up under escort : altogether, it was unpleasant. 
Passins: desolate Fairfax, half a mile from Centreville 
found friends in. the Second Massachusetts Cavalry, and 
went on to Bull Run. There being plenty of water 
there, and no water farther on, and no haste, and 
seventeen miles having been made that day, the order 
was of course, after a rest, " Fall in ! " The regiments 
went on three miles to Manassas Junction, and camped 
without water. Reveille at 4, a.m. Chimnies all 
along the road. At Bristow, the fine band of the 
Thirty-third ^lassachusetts played for us. There last 
year we saw half a mile of cars bui-ned ; the (then) 
one house was gone. At Kettle Run, we had wait- 
ed idly all day in sound of the disastrous battle of 
^lanassas. From that point there was no water, in 
the intense heat, until Catlett's was reached, where was 
found a little moist dirt to drink ; halted the column 
half a mile from the intended camp, so as to get wet 
by a thunder-shower. The next morning to Bealcton ; 



190 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY. 

and then on to camp by Kelley's Ford, where the Thir- 
teenth New Jersey was drawn up in line, and welcomed 
us all back, with cheers, to the stout old Third Brigade, 
in the sound of cannonade. 

On the 15th, changed camp ; but could not change 
the water, a cupful of which would catch a thousand 
wigglers. On the IGth, moved. The water on the 
road tasted dead-cat-ish, but it was clearer. Crossinsr 
at Kelley's Ford, following the Avell-remembered road 
several miles in the misty morning, the regiment turned 
eastward to Stephensburg, — a decayed village four 
miles east of Brandy Station, — and camped. From 
a little knoll back of camp, the outlines of a distant 
hill were fiimiliar : it was Cedar Mountain. 

On the 17th, early on the road : the regiment turned 
to the left in Stephensburg, and made a five-mile march, 
which had to be very crooked to keep in cover of the 
woods. The enemy there had a signal-station on the 
other side of the Rapidan. Halts were frequent, in line 
of battle ; and the fall flowers were in their glory. At 
one of the halts, came up a savage thunder-storm ; and, 
as soon as the men were thoroughly wet, orders were 
given to go into camp. It rained severely all night, 
and the morning disclosed as thoroughly soaked a set 
as was possible. Changed camp two days after ; but 
the equinoctial continued. An equinoctial is not bad 
at home ; but in the woods, with canvas which only 
sti'ained the rain, with a little smouldering fire (because 
of the enemy) , and the noise of guns throwing canister 
at every change of pickets by the ford, it is not quite 



JOUENE YINGS . 191 

SO comfortable. On the 20th, orders to chcinge loca- 
tion ; but, after waiting four hours, orders put the 
shelters up again. The brigade was the extreme left 
of the line of the army ; and the Second and the Third 
Wisconsin were kept at the ford, and ate " White- 
House Landing" bread, which was very active. 

Picket-firing was ordered to cease ; and the rebels 
stopped theirs. A little way from camp, their men 
were in plain sight, with some ugly-looking earth-works 
on the bluff. They were polite enough to turn out their 
guard one day, and salute our officer commanding the 
picket. 

A painful episode occuiTed here. It was the execu- 
tion of a deserter, a soldier of the Third Maryland, 
Avhich the whole division had to witness, and with whom 
tlie chaplain of the Second had to be until the last 
moment. 

The Second was picketing Raccoon Ford, on the 
Rapidan. On Saturday, September 19, we gathered 
around our first autumn fire, kept low. Eight days' 
rations were kept on hand, — enough, that is, for four 
days' eating. Suddenly, the Second was to leave Vir- 
ginia, no more to see it until by Sherman's victorious 
march it was moved from its south to its north line, on 
the way home. 

But nobody knew that, when orders came on the 
24th to be ready to move, and a few hours after, 
the troops did move. Silently and circuitously the 
brigade wound its way out, found the other brigades 



192 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

and the other division, passed a corps coming to 
relieve the Twelfth, passed through Stephensburg to 
Brandy Station, — which looked like railroading, — 
and, after dark, "turned in" all wagons, &C. Then 
it was surmised they wanted us in Tennessee, where 
Chickamauga had just been fought. 

"VVe bivouacked at Brandy Station ; where the pay- 
master (Major M. J. Stone, to whom we owe many 
kindnesses) appeared, and worked all night. We 
saw another man shot for desertion (with whom the 
Second's chaplain, by request, passed most of the 
criminal's last night). We shivered in the cold. And 
on the 26th, marched to Bealeton ; shivered another 
night. Heard that Hooper was to command the Elev- 
enth and Twelfth, that General Slocum had asked to 
be relieved, and that General Butterfield was to com- 
mand the Twefth Corps, all of which made more shiv- 
ering than the cold did, — though only the first item 
was to be realized. On the 27th, took the cars for 
westward, forty men to a car, save field and staff. 

We left Virginia, — left the section whose roads had 
been pressed by many weary feet, left the graves of 
our dead heroes, left the noble army of Virginia, not 
to meet it again until the triumphal days of review in 
Washington. 

Throu2:h Alexandria ; throuo'h Washino-ton ; at nic^ht 
at Relay ; in the morning at Berlin, recognizing the 
scenery in the river mists ; crossed at Harper's Ferry ; 
had coffee at Martinsburg ; saw the first red leaves of 
autumn, at Hancock ; crossed rivers and pierced tunnels ; 



JOUENEYIXGS. 193 

were elieered at Cumlierland ; and on Tuesday the 
29tli, -were dropped at Bcnwood; crossed the Ohio on 
pontoons, and on the river's pebbly bank made coffee 
and munelicd hard bread (the Western hard bread) at 
midnight. In cars on the Central Ohio Road, at 2, 
A.M.; near Cambridge in the morning; breakfast at 
Zanesville ; a couple hours at Columbus ; by the Co- 
lumbus and Xenia Road to the latter place, Avhere in 
the evening suddenly appeared a crowd of women and 
girls, with great quantities of meat, potatoes, eggs, 
milk, j)ies, cake, and the like, which they dealt out to 
the soldiers lavishly. " What is to pay ? " — " Nothing : 
we are not Vallandigham people. " The soldiers left 
with rousing cheers for the frank, warm-hearted, and 
handsome Xenia girls. Passing Dayton, at noon next 
day were at Indianapolis ; left at 6, r.M., on the Jeffer- 
sonville Railway, and reached the Ohio at half-past 5, 
,A.M. ; crossed on a queer and aged ferry-boat ; in 
Louisville, found bread, meat, and coffee, at the " Sol- 
diers' Rest," where the Sanitary Commission had 
reached out one of its long arms ; hurried through 
Kentucky, and reached Nashville half an hour after 
midnight on Saturday morning ; wound round the knoll 
on which the marble Capitol was shining in the moon- 
light ; after a couple of hours in changing trains, moved 
southward ; were near Stone-River battle-jjround at 
daybreak ; and half an hour after midnight, Sunday 
morning, were tumbled out of the cars on a plain 
between the hills, at Stevenson ; and, after seven days' 

continuous journey, and a passage of eleven hundred 

13 



194 SECOXD MASSACHUSETTS IXFAXTRY. 

and seventy -eight miles, bivouacked on the soil of 
Alabama. 

The Second had won its fame in the armies of the 
East : it was henceforth to make itself a name in the 
armies of the West. 



UP AND DOWX THE RAILWAY. 195 



XYI. 

UP AND DOWN THE RAILWAY. 

In Alabama. The Eleventh Corps, just before the 
Twelfth on the road, was about Bridgeport ; the 
Twelfth, or part of it, at Stevenson. Both were under 
General Hooker. 

Notwithstandino; the disasters of the battle of Chick- 
aniauga, saved by the indomitable sturdiness of General 
Thomas, General llosecrans had so far attained his 
object as to occupy Chattanooga. But his force was 
less tlian that of the enemy. He was closely confined 
in Chattanooga, the rebels holding Mission Ridge on 
the east, and Lookout ]Mountain on the west. His 
river and road communication with Bridgeport was cut 
off. His wagons had to come over a long and hard 
mountain road, and across the river. The railway from 
Nashville to Bridgeport, by which all his supplies must 
come, was exceedingly insecure. Therefore the Eleventh 
and Twelfth Corps found themselves under Rosecrans. 

It was on Sunday morning, Oct. 4, 18G3, that the 
Second, after a few hours' sleep in the low ground near 
the station, shook off the heavy dew. At ten o'clock, it 
was called to the station again. The enemy had come 



196 SECOND aL4.SSACHUSETTS INTANTRY. 

up through the mountain passes, and cut the road over 
which tlie Second had passed. At the station, a 
sentinel sa^y an orderly coming in advance of tlie regi- 
ment : the star (the badge of the corps) attracted Jiis 
attention, and he presented arms. As others, servants 
and the like, came on, he continued to salute. The 
regiment came ; and the sentinel, seeing that all wore 
stars, brought down his piece in disgust. "They are all 
brigadier-generals," said he. Corps-badges were then 
new to the Western armies. 

The brigade was going back to open the road ; and 
by railway to Decherd. It was thirty miles to that 
place. The road was a curiosity. Leading through a 
range of hills, it was built with considerable contempt 
of levels. It took three engines (one coming out of a 
siding to help) to get up one steep hill, and much time 
to get the three to pull together. There were deep cuts 
in the blue limestone, a tunnel of 2,228 feet in length, 
and one grade of 127 feet to the mile. The stone often 
seemed ready, by the great cracks, to tumble into the 
cuts. In the dark tunnel, " Never mind, boys," 
shouted one, "there's daylight ahead." 

At Decherd, it was learned that the rebels, ten thou- 
sand strong, had occupied McMinnville, — a little town 
ten miles off, at the end of a branch railway. The next 
afternoon, the regiment was moved by rail to Alisonia, 
at the crossing of Elk Kiver, — a town of one house. 
Learned that the rebels had cut the railway above, and 
that they were eighteen hundred strong. Out of 
rations, and the men got some from the regiments near 



UP AXD DOWX THE RAILWAY. 197 

by. There was a difference in regiments : ^Middle 
States' soldiers drove a brisk trade with the hungry 
men ; when the jSIichigan men were offered pay, "Look 
here, stranger," was the indignant reply, "do you 
think we're mean enough to take pay for a little bread 
and pork?" On Tuesday, the expected cars did not 
come, and the regiments marched to Tullahoma, eight 
miles above. As the train Avith the horses was on the 
upper side of the break, officers and men were alike on 
foot. At Tullahoma, the Second had settled down, 
when, about ten, p.m., a train came along in which 
there was room for half a regiment more. Some 
General on the train ordered half of the Second in. 
Most of the cars were platforms, and it came on to rain. 
The conductor, brakeman, &c., went into their part of 
the cars, and went to bed. The General went in, too. 
They waked up about four, a.m. ; and the train went on 
to near a burnt bridge, on a branch of Duck River, which 
put a stop to progress. Then it Avas learned that the 
rebels numbered fifteen thousand, with eighteen pieces 
of artillery. 

It Avas necessary to clean out the road by troops 
moving on each side. The Second (excepting the 
companies left under jNIajor Francis near Tullahoma) 
AA-as started on the left, and Avent first to Shelby ville, to 
catch rebel cavalry Avhicli had left that toAvn ten hours 
before the regiment Avas ordered to begin its march. 
The road Avas often throu^ih mafrnificcnt jjroves of beech, 
oak, cedar, or AA'alnut. From Shelbyville, a pretty 
toAvn, the road soon became a partly-built pike, — 



198 SECOND SIASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

some of it, swamp ; some, with heaps of broken stone ; 
some, with the stone levelled off; and, at last, a four- 
foot tumble in the dark, Avhere they meant to build a 
bridge some day. At last, the troops were turned into 
a wood, candles were lighted, arms stacked, and shelters 
pitched in the rain, — after eighteen miles' marching. 
At five, A.M., Oct. 8, moved on two miles to 
Bellbuckle, a railway station ; and ten more to Chris- 
tiana, another station ; having drawn part rations at 
Bellbuckle, cut down by General Rosecrans, of neces- 
sity. 

At Christiana, facts dispersed the previous rumors. 
The rebels had actually numbered foiu' thousand men, 
with six or seven pieces of artillery. They had cut 
the road at Grierson's Creek (a mile below Wartrace) , 
at Christiana, and near Murfreesborough. Our pursuing 
cavalry had captured two guns and two hundred 
prisoners. 

On Friday evening, Oct. 9, the road broken on 
Monday had been repaired, and three bridges built; 
and the trains came through amidst cheers. So, early 
Saturday morning, the regiment started back towards 
Tullahoma. At evening, it was tangled up with a brook 
called Crooked' Run. After going through it eleven 
times, — being marched twenty-three miles, — turned 
into a sorghum field. On the road next day, and went 
through Crooked Run sixteen times more before sunrise ; 
wound up out of the valley mists at last, and soon 
reached Tullahoma ; and then to Alisonia the same day, 
to get ready for a powerful rain-storm. 



UP AND DOAN'N THE RAILWAY. 199 

Twelve clays passed, guarding Elk-river Bridge 
Avith the Third Wisconsin, a coloi'ed regiment (wliich 
was a trusty one) , and a something New York. Across 
tlie river was Estell Springs, so named from Doctor 
Estell, who owned some springs, and laid out lots on 
wliich Southern people built board shanties, and used to 
live in awhile in the summer. " Tiiey purtended it was 
for their health," said a solitary resident. "But it was to 
git shet o' ther time ; and they didn't else know how 
to git slict o' ther money." The springs remained, 
— one " kollee-by-it ; " and three others welling out 
within two feet of each other, — sulphur, lime, and pure 
water. 

On the 19th of October, General Rosecrans was 
relieved from command, and General George H. 
Thomas, an old acquaintance in Patterson's Campaign, 
took command of the Department of the Cumberland. 
Comfortable huts had been built. But the regiment 
went beechnutting, down to Anderson. That is, that 
was the result. 

Hooker was to clean out the south side of the Ten- 
nessee, from Bridgeport to the western base of Lookout 
^Mountain. lie was ordered to concentrate the Eleventh 
Corps and one division of the Twelfth, at Bridgeport. 
On tlie 23d, the regiment reached Dccherd ; on the 
24th, Tantallon ; and on the 25th, Anderson. Ander- 
son was a station, but no town. Mr. Andei'son lived 
there, who owned five or six miles of valley and several 
mountains ; it was Big Crow-creek Valley, wliich 
bore excellent corn, the horses (they had got along) 



200 SECOND BIASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

tliouglit. Bivouacked in a beautiful beech wood, and 
gathered nuts from crops inexhaustible. Saw brooks 
coming out of 'hills, and walked into caves. It Avas the 
old Creek country. Big Crow was a " big Indian." 

A variety of orders came : it took some time to 
untangle the snarl, but it was at last settled that there 
were too many troops, and our brigade was sent back. 
The Second Division went on, and took part in the 
beautiful clearing-up of the south bank of tlie Ten- 
nessee, in Avhich, on the 28th, occurred the battle of 
Wauhatchie, in which Colonel Underwood, of the 
Thirty-third INIassachusetts, was so severely wounded. 
So, on the 26th, faced northward ; re-crossed the 
mountain by the same abominable road, which a native 
said had not been used since the railway was opened : 
it was a succession of sharp ledges. Camped at Cowan 
— twenty minutes. Then orders came by telegraph to 
take the train; orders, half an hour later, to march 
instead, but fortunately the promptness of the Second 
had got ahead of the orders. At Bellbuckle, the engine 
gave out; about two, a.m., "Another engine is just 
comino." The Second was too old to be caus-ht that 
way, made its coffee, lay down to sleep by the road, 
and Avaked in the mornins; to find that the other enoine 
was still "just coming." Marched on, — horses back 
at Cowan, — and reached Christiana before the engine 
which was "just coming." 

There was a remarkably mean camp there, Avhich 
some slovenly regiment had left. The Second tore it 
all doAvn, and built a ncAV one. They tore doAvn a house 



UP AND DOWN THE RAILWAY. 201 

or two besides, without buiklint^ thcui up. Company 
C, Captain Brown, Avas stationed a few miles up the 
road, with Assistant-surgeon Is'ichols. So soon as 
camp was comfortably finished, somebody concluded to 
shift the troops round " to bring into juxtaposition the 
scattered parts of " some brigade, — which they might 
have thouglit of a fortnight before, and so saved seventy 
miles of marching. On the 6tli of November, the 
regiment moved ; left a fine camp to a set of as mean 
substitutes for a regiment as could be found ; stopped 
at Bellbuckle one night, and below Normandy another ; 
and on the 8th were back at Elk liiver to find the old 
huts gone, and to ransack the neighboring territory for 
materials for more. The sesfi'ch proved successful, and 
huts were built by the side of the fortifications command- 
ing Elk-river Bridge, which the guns of the Second 
Kentucky Battery occupied. Company C, Captain 
Brown, was across the river, in one of the block-houses 
which were now built at points on the road from Nash- 
ville to Chattanooga, and Companies I and E, Captain 
Grafton, and Lieut. Perkins, were afterwards stationed 
near Company C. 

Thanksgiving Day came round, Nov. 26. Fifty men, 
under Quartermaster Sawyer, went out earlier ; and, at 
a distance of fifteen miles, procured plenty of the 
necessaries of that day. The men's dinner was in this 
ratio, — to every hundred men, fourteen geese, four 
turkeys, and forty chickens, besides a few quails, a pig, 
and some plum puddings. The brigade band (embrac- 
ing part of the old regimental band which left Sept. 8, 



202 SECOND ]VIASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

1862, discharged by act of Congress) got tired of 
waiting for the train, footed it liome to the Second 
over eight miles of road, and furnished beautiful music. 
Public worship was held as usual. The officers of the 
Second, and those of the Second Kentucky Battery, 
fraternized in the evening. 

In December, 1863, the proposal of re-enlistment 
came before the regiment. It met with a favorable 
response. Many men could not re-enlist. Some were 
too much enfeebled by the hardships of war ; to which, 
the age of some added another objection. Some could 
no longer with reason leave their fiimilies. But a 
sufficient number re-enlisted to secure the continuance 
of the Second. 

Towards this end, the valuable assistance of Rev. 
Thomas B. Fox, of Boston, contributed. Governor 
Andrew, solicitous for the comfort of the Massachusetts 
soldiers, sent this gentleman, as a special agent in behalf 
of the State, to its regiments in Tennessee and Georgia, 
and soldiers in hospitals, as had been before done to the 
regiments in the East. He reached the camp of 
the Second on the 28th of December, 1863. On the 
next day but one, he addressed the regiment, which was 
drawn up on three sides of a square. In an address 
of wonderful beauty, completeness, and eloquence, he 
brought the assurance of remembrance at home. 
"When he who had given three sons to the army 
alluded to the one who had fallen in the line of the 
Second at Gettysburg, tears wet the cheeks of the hardy 



UP AND DOWN THE EAILWAY. 



203 



sokllciy. Going on to Chattanooga/ he was able to 
materially expedite the arrangements by which the Sec- 
ond was to be continued, and its re-enlistcd men Avere 
to be sent home for the promised thirty days' furlough ; 
and telegraphed the result to Colonel Cogswell. The 
re-enlistments dated from Dec. 31 ; and the Second 
Avas henceforth the Second Regiment of ]Massaciiu- 
SETTS Veteran Volunteers. It had earned the 
title. 



1 

sin 



scon- 



At Lookout Mountain, Mr. Fox met a soldier of the Twelfth W 
,.,.. In conversation, he asked him if he knew the Third Wisconsin. 
' Yes one of our officers came from that regiment." —" Perhaps, then, you 
hearj'of the Second xMassachusetts."-" Heard of it? Yes. That and the 
Third Wisconsin make one regiment, and every man in them is fit to 
command the whole." 



204 SECOND aiASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



XYII. 

HOME AND BACK. 

On the 9th of January, 1864, the orders came to go 
to Massachusetts. The men who remained behind were 
moved to Tullahoma. The re-enlisted men, temporarily 
consolidated into five companies, on the lOtli of Janu- 
ary took cars at Estell Springs, and reached Nashville 
on a cold night about eleven o'clock. The men Avere 
placed in ZollicofFer building, a dirty and disgusting 
place ; and the field and staff found it hard to get any 
shelter even for the night. Possibly some of the 
officers will remember the Donegana. Further trans- 
portation was not provided until the loth, when in 
the morning the trains started ; had the usu^l delays ; 
reached Louisville at dawn ; marched by way of New 
Albany to JefFersonville to be ready at two, p.m., and to 
go at nine, p.m. ; reached Henry ville at eleven, p.m., and 
there waited, by reason of some stupid blunderer, until 
the next forenoon ; went on to Indianapolis ; to Crest- 
line ; to Cleveland ; to Buffalo ; to Albany ; crossed 
the Hudson on the ice, and reached Boston about five 
o'clock, Jan. 19th. 

Crowded throngs were waiting ; but at that late hour 



HOME AND BACK. 205 

tlie reception was (lefcrrccl, and cheers accompanied 
tlie men to the barracks in Beach Street. 

Tliat morning, the " Boston Advertiser" had said : — 

" Amoug the old regnnents re-enlisting, and returning home 
upon furlough, we learu th:it tlie Second Massachusetts may 
be ex[)Ct'ted to arrive, — perhaps to-day. It will be with thin 
ranks, that this regiment will return to our streets, through 
which \vc saw it march thirty months ago with full numbers, 
and with all the brilliancy of a holiday parade. But what a 
glorious history has meanwhile been inscribed upon its colors ! 

" The Second Massachusetts was the first volunteer regiment 
raised for the three years' service. The gentlemen who raised 
it, prominent among whom was the lamented Dwight, secured 
the permission, during the dark days which followed the attack 
upon Sumter ; and the regiment marched on the 8th of July 
following. Its first opportunity to show its quality was in 
covering the retreat of General Banks from his advanced 
position in the Shenandoah Valley, in May, 1862; when the 
good discipline and steady conduct of this regiment was 
cliiefly instrun^cntal in saving the retreating force from over- 
whelming disaster. Seventeen killed, forty-seven wounded, 
and eighty-four missing, was the price then laid down by this 
devoted corps for the safety of the army. At the unfortunate 
battle of Cedar Mountain, in August following, this regiment 
met the brunt of the fight, and lost thirty-four killed, one 
hundred and twenty wounded, and thirty-one missing; the 
killed including six officers, — the noble Savage there meeting 
his mortal wound, — and only eight, out of twenty-two offi- 
cers, returning unhurt. At the turning of the tide of war at 
Antietam, in September, the regiment bore a distinguished 
part, losing thirteen killed, fifty-four wounded, and but two 
missing. Here the gallant Dwight laid down his life cheer- 
fully and nobly. At Chancellorsville, the determined gallan- 
try and solid discipline of the regiment gained for it the 
commendation of General Hooker in General Orders, — twen- 



206 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

ty-five killed telling the story of its couduct. At Gettysburg, it 
Avas once more the fortune of this regiment to meet the enemy 
at one of the turning-points of the war. Five color-bearers 
were laid low, one after the other : of two hundred and fifty 
men, twenty-one (including four officers, among whom was the 
youthful but heroic Mudge) were killed ; and many wounded, 
and few missing, again told the tale of steady valor. The 
regiment now belongs to the army of Grant. 

" Such a story is common-place enough upon paper, but it is 
nevertheless a remarkable chapter in the annals of military 
and patriotic devotion. Of thirty-six officers who left Boston 
with the regiment, but six will return with it. Dwight, 
Savage, Abbott, Mudge, Gary, Goodwin, Williams, Robeson, 
and Perkins, with Fitzgerald, Fox, and Stone, have fallen 
nobly at the head of their men ; while Sedgwick and Shaw, 
who were among those who first marched forth with the regi- 
ment to the field, have also fallen, — one at Antietam, and the 
other on the parapet of Wagner. And, of the unnamed 
heroes of the ranks, what nobler record can there be than 
that of Antietam and Gettysburg, where, with a frightful loss 
in killed and wounded, but an insignificant fraction is set down 
as ' missing ' ? These are the men who are shot down in their 
places, but who neither surrender as prisoners, nor straggle. 
It is no invidious detraction from the honor of other regi- 
ments to say, that, with perhaps one exception, the Second 
has been unequalled among the Massachusetts regiments for 
its cool endurance and steady conduct under the hottest fire. 

" We hope that when this gallant band marches through our 
streets, the citizens of Boston will give them a hearty wel- 
come. Let the same enthusiasm which encouraged them at 
their departure welcome and cheer the returning veterans ! 
The colors which they bear have been bathed in tlie blood of 
the sons of Massachusetts time and again, but never dishon- 
ored. The staff has been shot away in the hands of the 
staudai'd-bearer, but the ensign has never trailed in disgrace. 



HOME AND BACK. 207 

The men who return are the companions of those whose 
memory is counted among the dearest of our treasures : they 
are themselves scarred and worn from a hundred gallant 
fights ; and yet they come to us, not to lay down their arms, 
as they might with honor, but to prepare for a return to their 
country's service for a new term, and for other fields yet to 
come, in which they will preserve the lusti-e of their past 
I'enown undinimed. Let our streets ring with cheers, let tlie 
national colors stream out once more ; and let us prove to 
these men, and all who are ready to imitate their deeds, that 
this city knows how to be grateful for patriotic service, and 
how to honor a gallant and persistent devotion to duty ! " 

The reception took place upon the next day. It fully 
showed, that the w^ords of the "Advertiser" represented 
the popular heart. ^ Leaving Beach-street Barracks at 

1 Among the tokens of the estimation of the regiment in one chiss of 
citizens was the following. It was not curried far, because meeting with 
universal approval. 

" We, the undersigned, wishing to give the Second Regiment a hearty 
welcome, agree to close our stores between the hours of 11.30, a.m., and 1, 
P.M., to-day: — 

Denny, Rice, & Co. Gay, Randall, & Co. 

Gakdneh, Dextek, & Co. Pakkek, Wildeh, & Co. 

F. Skinxek & Co. Bahnes, Mekriam, & Co. 

Fkotuingham & Co. DnEssER, Stevens, & Co. 

J. C. Howe & Co. Bihr Brothers & Co. 

CiiAS. Amory & Co. Wellington Brothers & Co. 

Mackintosh, Green, & Horton. Stone, Wood, & Co. 

BiRRAGE Brothers «& Co. E. Allen & Co. 

Edwards, Nichols, & Richards. Pierce Brothers & Co. 

Faclkner, Kimisall, & Co. Oiidway, Tehbetts, & Co. 

Washulrn, Welch, & Cark. Woodman, Horswell, & Co. 

J. C. Converse & Co. Allen, Lane, & Co. 

Wilson, Ha.^iilton, & Co. E. 0. Tufts & Co. 

J. C. IkuRAGE & Co. Wilkinson, Lamb, & Co. 

Jordan, Marsh, & Co. — Smith. GRt>ss, Daniels, & Co. 

Anderson, Heath, & Co. Dale Bkothers & Co. 
SwEETsER, Swan, & Blodgett. 



208 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

nine, a.m., under the escort of the Cadets, the regiment 
passed through dense and enthusiastic throngs. The 
route led to Washington Street, Boylston, Arlington, 
Beacon, Court, and State Streets to Faneuil Hall. 
Flags were displayed everywhere. Balconies and win- 
dows were filled with ladies. Tumultuous cheers 
accompanied the men the whole distance. In State 
Street, the dense mass of warm-hearted citizens ren- 
dered it almost impassable. 
Said the " Boston Post " : — 

" The reception of the regiment yesterday was all that ad- 
miration and gratitude could inspire. The huzzas that greeted 
the appearance of the veterans were no unmeaning vocife- 
rations, but heartfelt ejaculations. Hats were raised as they 
passed ; and " God bless you, brave men ! " were words uttered 
from many lips. Citizens of all classes and ages were eager 
to express their joy at the sight of the noble soldiers who 
have participated in so many deadly strifes, battling for their 
country." 

Of the greeting at Faneuil Hall, the '' Advertiser " 
gave the following account : — 

A grand reception by the State and City authorities and our 
citizens was given, Wednesday, to the gallant veterans of the 
Second llegiment, which arrived in this city on Tuesday 
night. 

Faneuil Hall was rather more decorated than on Sunday : 
there was a handsome addition on each side of the clock, con- 
sisting of the State arms and shield : the galleries were also 
trimmed with streamers. As the Governor and staff, accom- 
panied by Major-General Burnside and several invited guests, 
entered, the band performed "Hail to the chief!" On the 
platform was the Mayor and many distinguished gentlemen. 



HOME AND BACK. 209 

flavor Lincoln presided, and by his invitation Rev. Dr. 
Lothrop asked the divine blessing upon the assembly. Mayor 
Lincoln then said, that, without asking permission of the com- 
mander, he would order the veterans to relieve the tables of 
their load, an order which was immediately carried into 
execution. 

After the dinner was over, the Mayor rose, and spoke as 
follows : — 

" ]\[r. Commander and Soldiers, Veterans of the Second 
Regiment, — I consider it one of the happiest circumstances 
of my otficial career, that I have the privilege of welcoming 
you and your honored command to-day to Faneuil Hall. The 
City Council of Boston, appreciating your past services in 
behalf of the national cause, have desired, by the entertain- 
ment which has been prepared for you, to give an expression 
of the feeling of our people now that you have returned to 
j'our homes. The reputation which you have already acquired 
claims our admiration ; but the welcome which you received 
is not confined to personal acquaintances or neighbors, but is 
shared, I can assure you, by the whole community. Starting 
from Boston as one of the earliest regiments of the war, our 
citizens have always watched your career with interest, taking 
a part, first, in the fortunes of the Army of Virginia ; then, with 
the Army of the Potomac ; and recently in the Department of 
the West. 

" You have always sustained the name and fair fame of Mas- 
sachusetts, and she will never forget your services. I must 
confess to you, that some of us, who have remained at home 
when the country needed our services, have a little feeling of 
envy at the noble position which you have won for yourselves. 
Too many of us have come far short of the true stature of a 
man in this crisis of our nation's history, but we do not forget 
the homage due to those who have filled to the full measure all 
the requirements which every citizen owes to his country. It 
does not become me at this time to recount the number of 

U 



210 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

your engagements, or to speak of the fields where your valor 
has been tested ; but my duty is simply to introduce to you His 
Excellency the Governor, who will formally, in behalf of our 
honored Commonwealth, tender you that welcome which your 
merits and patriotic services deserve." 

Governor Andrew stepped forward, and was greeted with 
great applause and cheers. He spoke as follows : — 

" Mr. Commander, Officers, and Men of the veteran and gal- 
lant Second Massachusetts, — Many a time and oft have the 
airs of Boston reverberated the shouts and the plaudits of 
the people of Massachusetts. Many a time and oft, during 
the long and great history of the Commonwealth, — in which 
Boston has always borne a part, grand and conspicuous, — 
have the arches of this venerable hall re-echoed the shouts of 
freemen ; but never on an occasion more full of pathos, more 
touching to the heart, more inspiring to the hopeful patriotism 
of American citizens. How inadequate, Mr. Commander, is 
all human speech for an occasion like this ! A hundred thou- 
sand voices, speaking from the heart of a million of people, 
have already welcomed these veteran soldiers of our Union 
cause. How little it is to say to the soldier who for three 
years has perilled his life for his country, that we thank him 
for the sacrifice ; that we are grateful for the proffered offering 
of his life, if God chose to accept it ; that we prize his 
heroism, and will for ever praise his patriotic valor ! 

" If words were deeds, and deeds of men were the acts of 
Titans or demigods, they would be all too weak for such a 
day as this. Two hundred and twenty-two Massachusetts 
men, officers and soldiers of the Second Regiment of Volun- 
teers, after nearly three years of constant, active, and devoted 
participation in all there is of peril, of exposure, and of valiant 
daring in the field, return to resume, for a few days only, the 
occupation of their homes, in order that with refreshed hearts 
and re-invigorated frames and recruited ranks they may 
march once more to the final crushino; of the rebellion. 



HOME AND BACK. 211 

" Mr. Commander and the IMeu of Second, tlie record of 
your fame is the delineation of yonr ohax'acter. On the 18th 
day of July, 1861, you marched from tliis very city of Boston, 
bound for the fields of war, one tliousand and forty -six 
strong. To-day, you march through the streets of Boston two 
hundred and twenty-two men, who, almost all of them of the 
original one thousand and forty-six who marched at the begin- 
ning, have re-enlisted themselves anew for the war. 

" INIen may praise the nobleness of the act, but only God 
can. adequately bless the patriotic offering. To know how 
bravely and how well your work has been done, one needs to 
peruse the records of your camp life, beginning in Koxbury^ 
and to follow your course along the upper Potomac, down the 
valley of Virginia, back to Fredericksburg, over to Antietam, 
and down to Kentucky and Tennessee ; for, wherever you 
marched, you left a record of your glory behind you. 

" AVhile history has a page, there shall be preserved, to be 
read of Americans during the great and long hereafter, the 
story of the Massachusetts Second covering the retreat of 
the army as they passed up the valley of Virginia in the 
actions of Winchester. 

" Men can never cease to remember the action of the Second 
IMassachusetts in that trial battle of Gettysburg, where this 
sacred flag [the national ensign was here taken hold of and 
waved by the speaker amid vociferous cheers], now torn to 
rags by shot and shell, was the ensign you followed, and never 
deserted, but carried on to victory. . 

" The noble standard-bearer who bore it fell by the bullet 
of the enemy. He kissed his mother earth in death ; but 
the flag of your country still waved aloft, was snatched 
from the dying soldier's hand by a comrade, who in his turn 
bit the dust by the bullet of a foe. Again the flag, transferred 
without touching the earth, was passed to the hand of another 
Massachusetts boy ; and five standard-bearers in succession 
bore this symbol of our cause on the field of Gettysburg. 



212 SECOXD MASSACHUSETTS IXTANTRY. 

And need I say, that, whenever this regunent has faoed a foe, 
you have marched with victory upon your banner and death 
upon your bayonets. At Chancellorsville, not less than at 
Antietam, was the Second distinguished among the brave ; 
and, with the First and Second Massachusetts, it was specially 
designated for commendation in General Ordei's of the then 
Commander of the Army of the Potomac. 

" The old soldiers of the Second will notice, that I have not 
spoken as yet of the action of Slaughter Mountain. During 
all the conflicts of the war, there has been no braver conduct 
than yours on that terrible day. Your hearts will bear record 
for ever to the value of your comrades who fell that day. 
Your tears this morning, soldiers of the Second, shed for 
Savage and his noble compatriots, whose blood that day 
moistened the soil of Virginia and made it sacred, are a fitting 
tribute, such as no words of mine can imitate. 

" Of the men who marched from Massachusetts as members 
of the Second, already twelve officers have fallen in battle, and 
sleep in death. One hundred and fifty-three enlisted men 
have accompanied their officers to the grand review : three 
hundred and seventy-three have been discharged, invalided 
since the war began : twenty-two officers, and three hundred 
and forty-five men, have fallen by wounds not mortal. So 
distinguished has been the conduct of the regiment, and the 
members who composed it, that not less than thirty-nine of 
your officers and men have been translated from the Second 
to be commissioned, either by the President or myself, in 
other commands. 

" Your first colonel and lieutenant-colonel have long since 
borne distinguished titles, and performed with admirable 
distinction the duties of brigadier-generals in the United- 
States Army of Volunteers ; and both of them are to-day in 
command of divisions. One of your officers and forty-two of 
your men, in the ordinary course of the dispensations of Provi- 
dence, without wound in battle or material injury in the service, 



HOME AND BACK. 213 

by uatural cau'es, have passed away. Some of your comrades 
are left behind in the hospitals: some of them, on detached 
service, could not be reached to ascertain their purpose? 
■whether to enlist again, or be discharged at the end of their 
original term. But, whatever may be the decision of those 
men, there is no Massachusetts heart, no citizen of our com- 
mon country,- who can fail to declare; nor can I fail, as the 
official representative of the Commonweal ih, now and for ever 
to declare, that all that men could dare, and all that men 
could do, for the cause of their country impei-illed, on the 
field, the Second Massachusetts has dared and has done. 

" And now, fellow-citizens, civilians of Massachusetts, thank 
this noble regiment by recruiting its ranks, and marcliing by 
its side. Fill up to the original one thousand and forty-six, 
during this brief furlough, their wasted ranks. Let at least 
five hundred men from IMassachusetts return with these two 
hundred and twenty-two to the field of war. Thus will we 
thank the noble and brave for what they have already 
achieved: thus may we attest our gratitude to those who 
have elected to remain, and fight anew for that standard, so 
long as the American flag shall float above the American 
soil. 

" Now, Mr. Commander and Soldiers of the Second, I have 
not attempted by words to declare how deep is the gratitude 
of the Massachusetts heart toward the living, — how sacred 
our remembrance for the memory of the dead. Brave and 
true men, lean not on the speech, rely not on the assurance of 
the lips. Soldiers, you know that from the bottom of her 
heart, Massachusetts admires, reveres, and loves you all." 

Colonel Cogswell responded as follows : — 

" Your Excellency, — I cannot find words fit for my feelings 
to-day. To use an expression of your own, no poor power of 
speech of mine can adequately express my feelings of thankful-, 
ness and gratitude to our kind friends that have received us 
here to-day. But the mind will go back to thirty-two months 



214 SECOND BIASSACHUSETTS IXFAiS'TRY. 

ago, when this regiment, of which that before you is but a 
fragment, entered the service of their country. Thirty-two 
months ago ! and Winchester, Cedar Mountain, Antietam, 
Chancellorsville, Beverly Ford, and Gettysburg ! Thirty-two 
months ago ! and Dwight and Savage and Mudge, and that 
long, sad list which I. will not recall to-day! When I say to 
Your Excellency, that these men, with the experience they 
have had ; with the hardships, sufferings, and dangers that 
they have seen and dared, — have re-enlisted, I have said 
enough for a lifetime in their pi'aise. Let me also say, 
that, while the Government of our common country has ever 
been before our eyes, we have ever been mindful of the per- 
sonal kindness, interest, and affection of the Chief Magistrate 
of our own native State ; and let me add one more word, and 
that is. Your Excellency, with our ranks filled up we will go 
forth again as readily as ever to finish the work which we have 
left unfinished, and which we think, thank God ! will soon be 
done." 

The Governor then thanked the First Battery, Captain 
McCartney, for their services in firing the salutes on Sunday 
and yesterday ; and complimented them as-being one of the 
best artillery organizations that has served during the war. 
The Governor also read a despatch from Captain Adams of the 
First Cavalry, stating that most of his company had re- 
enlisted, and would soon be home on their furlough. This 
announcement was received with cheers. 

General Burnside, who had joined tlie cokimn in 
front of the State House, and had been greeted with an 
enthusiastic welcome, was introduced by the Governor, 
and received with nine clieers. He spoke as follows : — 

" Ladies and Gentlemen and Comrades, — If I were ever 
capable of addressing an assembly like this to-day, I should be 
unable to do so now, from the fact that my head is almost 
turned with the kindness I have received since I left the 



HOME AND BACK. 215 

Governor's room this morning. My heart has been made 
proud at witnessing the reception you have had at the hands 
of your friends at home. I am the more happy because you 
so well deserve it. I am glad to know that the dark, hard 
scenes through which you have passed are remembered by 
your fellow-citizens ; and that there is a recompense of grati- 
tude and kind feelings in store for all of us who have served 
in the tield, when we return. I have had the honor of com- 
manding this regiment, not immediately in the. presence of the 
enemy, but on two distinct occasions, — when I had command 
of the left wing of the army at Harper's Ferry, and once 
when you formed a portion of the Army of the Potomac. 

'" I have followed your history witli very great pride and 
with very great admiration. You were commanded first by a 
college mate of mine. We passed some three years' together 
at "West Point, he being one year my senior. I became, 
during that association, very much attached to him ; and neces- 
sarily followed his regiment with very deep interest. The 
scenes through which you have passed since have necessarily 
attracted my attention and admiration. Lately we have been 
laboring in the same field ; and we ought to feel that we have 
been fully recompensed by the success that has attended our 
labors in East Tennessee. 

" I, like you, comrades, have come home to see my friends ; 
and have been ordered to recruit the ranks of the regiments 
that I have the honor to command, to the number of fifty 
thousand men. That I pi'opose to try to do. I, like you, 
propose to return at the proper time to fight again. Let us 
go determined to sustain, support, and fight for, that grand old 
tlag [pointing to the flag of the regiment] until we shall wave 
it over every inch of territory that belongs to the Government 
of the United States. I know that you are as fixed on that 
purpose as you can be, and I hope that I may be able to con- 
tinue in the same resolution until this rebellion is crushed. 

" JNIy friends, I cannot find words to thank you lor the man- 



216 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTEY. 

iier in which you have received me. Yon may be assured 
that my heart turns kindly toward Massachusetts as well as 
Massachusetts soldiers. I have had more Massachusetts men 
under my command, proportionately, than men from any other 
State in the Union. I have always found the men loyal, gal- 
lant soldiers ; and have never called upon them to perform a 
duty which they had not willingly and efficiently done. I 
have never seen a Massachusetts regiment turn its back upon 
the enemy. I have never seen the soldiers or officers of a 
Massachusetts regiment waver or shake under any trial that 
has been brought to bear upon them." 

General Burnside then spoke at some length upon 
general issues. At the close, the regiment fell in, and 
marched to Coolidge Block, Court Street, where the 
arms and equipments were deposited, and the men 
were furloughed for their thirty days. 

"The noble ovation," said the "Post," "awarded by a 
grateful community yesterday to the Second Kegiment, 
was characterized by a scene in Faneuil Hall so unusual 
as to make a marked occasion, even for that renowned 
place. The galleries were crowded, the fair sex being 
well represented : the military occupied the floor ; and 
a brilliant official cortege filled the platform. All 
around, in festoons, were bright national ensigns that 
had seen but peaceful service. By the side of the plat- 
form was the dingy regimental flag which the veterans 

had borne throuoh the smoke and carnage of their bat- 
es o 

ties. It never fell ! For, as the death-shot struck one 
bearer, another would rush to seize it as it was falling, 
and so it was ever borne up and ever borne on. It was 
the silent, eloquent, powerful orator of the occasion, — 



HOME AND BACK. 217 

a touching witness of tlic valor of the tloatl and of the 
living. The words uttered were brief and direct, and 
were lit^tened to, as the honored dead were named, in 
solemn silence and in tears ; or, as the heroism was 
remembered, they met electric responses. The fervent 
prayer of Dr. Lothrop ; the brief welcome of the 
mayor ; the felicitous recital of the work done by the 
regiment, by the governor ; and the grateful and soldier- 
like acknowledo;ment of the colonel, — were feeling and 
impressive. . . . Then the veterans and their fine escort 
left the hall. Their healthy, robust look ; their jaunty 
marching and military bearing, indicative of high disci- 
pline, — won warm encomiums. There have been 
many occasions of deep interest, but none with more of 
the moral and the sublime than the touching and inspir- 
ing I'ounding off of a just ovation to the Second 
Massachusetts Regiment in Faneuil Hall." 

It was ardently hoped that the regiment might be 
recruited to its maximum. The officers were ready to 
enter into the work ; and the assurance was given by 
noble and liberal friends that all moneys needed should 
be furnished. But it was immediately found that the 
orders of the AVar Department were such, that General 
Hancock had control of enlistments, to fill up the corps 
he was raising. This put an effectual block in the way, 
which no efforts at the proper quarters could remove. 
It was a sad result to the regiments ; but matters were 
put in such train, that recruits were subsequently raised 
and forwarded. This effort will be noticed further on. 

On Monday (the 22d), the regiment reported at 



218 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Beach-street barracks. On Tuesday, at half-past four, 
P.M., it left Boston. At Albany hi the morninf^ ; left 
Buffalo at half-past eleven, p.m. ; left Cleveland at nme, 
A.M., Thursday; reached Gallon at noon, and left at 
half-past three ; at Indianapolis at ten, A.M., Friday, and 
left at nhie, P.M. ; at Louisville Saturday morning, left 
at half-past four; at Nashville, seven, A.M., Sunday, 
and left at half-past four, Monday, p.m., in execrable 
cars through whose roofs the rain poured steadily ; 
reached Tullahoma at half-past two, Tuesday morning, 
and in a drenching rain met the officers of the detach- 
ment left behind, who by the light of lanterns led the 
men to shelter. 

On that day the returned men went into camp with 
the companies remaining, who had been moved from 
Elk River to Tullahoma. Here was General Slocum's 
headquarters ; also General Williams's and General 
Ruger's, — corps, division, and brigade. Colonel Cogs- 
well was made post-commandant, and (Lieutenant- 
Colonel Morse being on the staff of General Slocum) 
]\Iajor Francis commanded the regiment. 



FOR ATLANTA. 219 



XYIII. 



FOR ATLANTA. 



Life was uniform at Tullahoma. Usual duty went on, 
— guard-mounting, drill, and parade. Captain Parker 
was provost ; Quartermaster Sawyer, post quarter- 
master ; Adjutant Fox, post adjutant. Divers dances, 
several excursions to cave and waterfall, and such like, 
■saried the monotony ; while the })risoners tossed each 
new-comer in a blanket. The Christian Commission 
meetings were well attended. - Everybody got vac- 
cinated, beoause the smallpox was raging in the post 
hospital near by. The soldier's graveyard was put in 
order by the chaplain, by direction of Colonel Cogs- 
well ; although none of the Second lay there. Boards 
were tolerably plenty after the colonel had conscripted 
a sawmill. Guerillas made a raid a few miles off, 
and tore up the railroad, and shot a few prisoners they 
had taken. General Slocum had a reception or two. 
The Twenty-seventh Indiana came to Tullahoma, the 
other regiments of the brigade being scattered up and 
down. Colonel Cogswell remained post commandant, 
until April 11th, when Colonel Colgrove succeeded. 
General Grant was in command of the Departments 



220 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

of the Tennessee, Cumberland, and Ohio, which he had 
assumed on the 19th of October, 1863 ; General George 
H. Thomas commanding the Army of the Cumberland 
(in which was the Twelfth Coi'ps), relieving General 
Rosecrans. General Thomas, — whom the country 
knows, — the Second had seen while under General 
Patterson in 1861. General Sherman commanded the 
Army of the Tennessee. On the 12th of March, Lieu- 
tenant-General Grant was assigned to the command of 
the armies of the United States ; and General Wm. T. 
Sherman succeeded General Grant in command of the 
Armies of Ohio, the Cumberland, and the Tennessee, — 
to the last of which, General McPherson was assigned. 
On the 4th of April, the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps 
were consolidated. The order gave the number "First" 
to the corps thus formed, but it was soon changed to that 
of "Twentieth." General Hooker was assigned to its 
command. The corps badge of the Twelfth — that of 
a five-pointed star — was adopted as that of the new 
corps, on the generous suggestion of officers of the 
Eleventh. Generals Howard (of the Eleventh) and 
Slocum (of the Twelfth) were thus relieved from 
command, and were assigned to other duty, — General 
Howard to the Fourth, in place of Gordon Granger; 
and General Slocum to report at Vicksburg. The 
divisions of the Twentieth were commanded thus : First, 
General A. S. Williams ; Second, General John W. 
Geary ; Third, General Daniel Butterfield. 

The relieving of General Slocum was a disappoint- 
ment to his corps. They had proved his ability. 



FOR ATLANTA. 221 

Before his leaving, the officers of the Second and of 
tlic other regiments at the post, called upon him to 
pay their respects, — in the evening of April 7. The 
excellent band of the brigade gave the music. Gen- 
eral Slocum, who resided in the summer residence of 
Judge Catron, — house delightfully situated on the brow 
of the hill overlooking the creek, — soon appeared at 
the door. Colonel Cogswell addressed him, and ex- 
pressed the feelings of the large number of officers 
well, as follows : — . 

" General Slocum : The ofRcers of my own regiment, as 
well as many of those at this post, have desired me to act 
as their representative in expressing to you their feelings on 
your retiring from the command of this corps. To act as 
their representative gives me great pleasure, but, on this 
occasion, it is to perform a duty Avliich is indeed most sad 
and unpleasant. I cannot tell you with how much regret we 
have lieard the order that takes you from us as our com- 
mander. An officer who has shown himself so much a soldier 
in the camp and on the field, and so much a gentleman in his 
quarters, as you have, cannot leave his command without the 
bitter and heartfelt regrets of every officer and man in it ; and 
I assure you, that, wherever you may go, you cannot go where 
their blessing will not follow you as long as you live. To bid 
' good bye ' to you, sir, is to bid ' good bye ' to one for whom 
we have feelings of the highest respect, in whom we luive the 
most perfect confidence, and whom we believe to be our tru- 
est and best friend. "Words are useless. Your own con- 
sciousness .of having at all times done your whole duty 
teaches you, that you have won our highest admiration and 
esteem, and that you cannot leave us witliout our sincerest 
regrets ; and our presence here to-night sliows you, that we 
have tried to appreciate your manly and soldierly qualities. 



222 SECOXD MASSACHUSETTS ^NTANTEY. 

In bidding you ' good bye,' we ask that you will try to secure 
for us our old corps-badge. And, again, in bidding you fare- 
well, we ask that God's blessing may always be with you." 

Every word was true. The General replied, but it 
was impossible to reduce to writing the kind response, 
it was so broken with emotion. Some could see, as 
the liohts flashed anions^ the trees, the tears on the 
cheek of the brave and beloved lea^der. He invited 
the ofhcers all into his quarters, where the entire evening 
was socially spent. 

A review took place on Friday, at which the general 
addressed a few words of parting to the men whom he 
had always been proud to lead, — the bronzed veterans 
of many hard battlefields. 

The departure of General Slocum returned Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel Morse to the regiment. 

On the 27th of April, came orders to move "to-mor- 
row." "Five days' rations, three in haversacks, and 
two in Avagons. And also sixty rounds of cartridges, 
forty in boxes and twenty in wagons. The ' General ' 
will be sounded at eight, a.m., to-morrow, and the 
'Assembly' at nine." That noon, the thermometer 
stood at 89°, but it rained in the night. "To-morrow" 
came, and with it a regiment to relieve the Second. 
The regiment broke camp, and at nine, a.m., was on 
the road. The movement to Atlanta was begun. 

Camped that evening at Declierd ; rain in the night. 
Moved next day north-easterly ; down in the low 
ground, and over the rough Breakfield Hill, through 
maple, hickory, and black oak ; halted awliile at the 



FOR ATLANTA. 223 

site of the famous iinljiiilt '' University of the South," 
and inspected the shattered corner-stone ; camped a 
mile or two onward, where Sheridan lay the summer 
before ; and experienced a flooding thunder-storm in the 
night. On the 30th, moved early ; down a long descent, 
— it rained at eleven o'clock, — up a long ascent, and 
then down the steepest and roughest of attempted 
roads, where the wagons had to be let down by ropes ; 
then into the beautiful valley of Battle Creek, and 
camped near the creek, about eight miles above Bridge- 
port. ]Mustered for payment that evening. The next 
day, little more than three miles brought the troops in 
sight of the Tennessee, and, on an apparently partly- 
built railway, the regiment followed its course to 
Bridgeport ; crossed the Tennessee ; drew rations on 
the south bank ; kept on until after dark, and camped 
near Xickajack Cave, which was inspected next morning. 
]\lcPherson was at Bridgeport that day. On the 2d, 
reached AVhiteside. Assistant Surgeon Nichols was 
detailed to the Twenty-seventh Indiana. On the 3d, 
went by way of AVauhatchie, around the north of 
Lookout, on a new and roughly macadamized array- 
road, to three miles south of Chattanooga. On the 4th, 
— passing by the house where John Ross was born, 
and restinoj on the battle-ground of Chickamauga at 
noon, — camped by Gordon's Mills, on the Chicka- 
mauga Creek. Our Third Brigade had joined us. On 
the 5th, left at half-past six, a.3I. ; five miles found 
Peavine Church ; passed Leet's Mills, and bivouacked, 
in position, back of Taylor's liidge. Tunnel Hill was 



224 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

four miles the other side of the ridge ; and seven 
hundred men, from the First Division, that night 
picketed the ridge, wliich was disputed ground. How- 
ard, Fourth Corps, was moving out towards Tunnel Hill 
on our left. We were getting near the enemy. On the 
morning of the 6th, the Army of the Ohio was near 
Red Clay, directly north of Dalton ; the Army of the 
Cumberland at Ringgold and westward ; the Army of 
the Tennessee, near and beyond Gordon's Mills. 
Sherman had brought the scattered corps of his army 
together for his great campaign. 

The army numbered 98,797 men and 254 guns. 
The army of the Cumberland, iSIajor-General Thomas, 
included the Fourth Corps, General Howard ; the Four- 
teenth, General John j\I. Palmer ; and the Twentieth, 
General Hooker; infantry, 54,5(38; artillery, 2,377; 
cavalry, 3,828 ; total, 60,773, and 130 guns. The 
Army of the Tennessee, Major-General JNIcPherson, 
included the Fifteenth Corps , General Logan ; part of 
the Sixteenth, General Dodge ; and part of the Seven- 
teenth, General Blair; infantry, 22,437; artillery, 
1,404; cavalry, 624; total, 24,465, and 96 guns. 
Of the Army of the Ohio, was only the Twenty-third 
Corps, General Schofield ; infantry, 11,183 ; artillery, 
679; cavalry, 1,697; total, 13,559, and 28 guns.^ 

On the 6th of May, transportation was cut down to 
one wagon to each regiment. The original twenty- 
five, which left home, had, by successive reductions, 

1 Shermau and bis Campaigns, p. 181. 



FOR ATLANTA. 225 

come to tlic last point, to the great advantage of cam- 
paigning. 

On tlie Gth, lay quiet on the creek, — Faught's Creek. 
General Thomas came along. General Hooker was 
himself at Leet's Mills in the morning. On the 7th, 
left at five, a.m. ; took the Alabama Koacl to Nickajack 
trace, then followed that over Taylor's Kidge, and west 
to Trickum Post-office, — the advance meeting a slight 
opposition, and making some noise with their musketry. 
The corps were in this order from left to right, — 23d, 
4th, 14th, 20th, and McPherson. Kilpatrick's Cavalry 
was out in front. Rocky Face Ridge, which the rebels 
held, cleft by Buzzard's Roost Gap, was in sight. 

On Sunday (the 8th), public worship was held in the 
morning, afternoon, and evening. At other hours, 
the men idly watched the puffs of smoke from the 
enemy's guns at Buzzard's Roost as they replied to 
artillery on our left. On Monday, heard heavy firing 
on both right and left. Newton's Division of the 
Fourth Corps carried the ridge, but found the crest too 
narrow to reach the gorge ; Geary made a bold push for 
the summit, but found it too strongly held, and his 
wounded went along by us. 

]Mean\vhile amusing the enemy in front. General 

Sherman had sent, on that day, McPherson through 

Snake-creek Gap upon Resaca ; which he came near on 

the 9th, but did not occupy. He fell back to the Gap, 

and the Twentieth Corps was ordered to join him, to 

be followed by the Fourteenth Corps and Schofield. 

The Second moved half an hour after midnight, in the 

16 



226 SECOND aiASSACHUSETTS IXFANTEY. 

morning of tlie 10th ; followed a road in the valleys to 
the gap ; halted in the rain ; in the afternoon went 
nearly through the gap, and camped. At nine, p.m., a 
severe rain-storm flooded the valley. Remained in the 
same place on the 11th, — the remainder of the army 
(except the Fourth Corps, which was left in front of 
Dalton) coming through the gap. A steady stream 
of men passed on, as they did all the next day. The 
enemy were moving out of Dalton, and then* trains 
could be seen from the ridge. 

On the 11th, Captain Howard, formerly of the 
Second, dropped into camp. He was chief signal 
officer of McPherson. 

On the 13th, broke camp at six, a.m., and moved out 
two or three miles. The whole army was in the plain 
between Snake-creek Gap and Resaca. Heard the 
noise of Howard's guns as he was pressing the rebel 
rear above and through Dalton. Firing was also heard 
on the right. That day, Avent some miles towards 
Resaca, and the troops were in position. 

About five o'clock, on the morning of the 14th, there 
was considerable firing. Brisk skirmishing was kept up 
in front all the forenoon. The rebel army was in posi- 
tion behind Camp Creek, and occupying strong works 
previously built for such an emergency, their left resting 
on the Austanaula a little west of Resaca, and their line 
curving again to the river, which makes here a sharp 
bend. At one o'clock, the fire grew furious, and so 
continued for two hours. INIcPherson, on the right, 
was driving Polk's Corps from the hills that commanded 



FOR ATLANTA. 227 

tlic railroad and trestle bridges, while Thomas was 
pressing the enemy along the creek. At four o'clock, the 
fire rc-opcned with severity. At sunset it was heavy, 
but ]McPlicrson kept the hills. The Second, in the 
morning, had spent some time in changing position ; 
in the afternoon, it had thrown up works, according to 
orders ; but it was not engaged. In the early part of 
the night, it was moved a couple of miles towards the 
left of the line, where the Fourth Corps had been 
hcavil}' engaged. Schofield (Twenty-third Corps) had 
come in on the left, towards the river; the Twentieth 
Corps was next ; then Howard, with the Fourth Corps ; 
then Fourteenth ; and then McPlierson. 

The night was tolerably quiet ; but the battle-field 
smell in the low ground was annoying,-^ that indescriba- 
ble odor in marshy land, after a battle in hot days. 
The morning of the 15th was also quiet. But in the 
forenoon came an order to send a regiment on reconnois- 
sance. The rebel works were so hidden and complica- 
ted in the woods as to render it difficult to know their 
position. For this delicate service, in bi'oad daylight, 
the Second Massachusetts was selected. 

There was a dead silence when the regiment laid 
down knapsacks, and went off into the woods, double 
column on the centre. Colonel Cogswell put out skir- 
mishers and flankers, and some engineers were with the 
regiment. They proceeded three-quarters of a mile ; 
discovered what they were sent to ascertain, — whether 
a particular hill was held in force by the enemy, as it 
was ; encountered the rebel's entrenched outposts, and 



22S SECOXD MASSACHUSETTS IXFANTRY. 

drew their fire. The volley Avas heard by the brigade. 
Its result was awaited in painful suspense. Soon the 
regiment emerged, with two Avounded. 

Butterfield's Division was immediately moved for- 
ward. It was an hour before the battle opened. The 
key-point had been found, a height crowned with a 
strong work, and held by artillery. Soon "Williams's 
Division was moved on at double-quick, and joined the 
left of Butterfield. The attack of the latter was upon 
the hill. Of Williams's Division, the 1st Brigade was 
on the right, the 2d next, the 3d on the left. The line 
curved round the base of the hill. On the left of the 
3d Brigade Avas cavalry, soon replaced by a brigade of 
the 23d Corj)s. Of the 3d Brigade, the regiments ran 
from left to right, thus : 27th Indiana, Second INIassa- 
chusetts, 3d Wisconsin, 150th Ncav York, 13th New 
Jersey. The line was formed, but soon moved on an 
eighth of a mile to the front edge of a Avood, — a field 
with standing AA^heat before it. Connections Avere kept' 
Avith Butterfield Avho Avas busy on the right, and the 
brigade again moved across the field, and into a Avood 
which coA'cred an ascending slope. Colonel Colgrove 
soon went forAvard to the skirmish line, and discerned 
the enemy pouring out of their Avorks in force. He 
immediately led his regiment uj) the slope, accompanied 
by the Second. The regiments on the left moved 
forAvard also, Avheeling a little to the right, and across 
the road. The rebels met both lines, and an unexpected 
fire. It Avas so furious that they fell back in disorder, 
followed by the brigade, and Avere driven into their 



FOR ATLANTA. 229 

works. Tlie bni;:ule again took its position. Twice 
more, ut intervals, the enemy came ont in force; and 
both times were met on the crest, and driven back with 
shmiihter, leaving their dead a,nd wounded. 

The losses were comparatively few in number, but 
they could illy be spared. Xo officers were killed or 
wounded. Of the enlisted men, Morrissey, of F, 
was killed ; Greenough, of B ; Aborn and Corporal 
Ivowe, of C; Lcary, of D; and Cr'onin and Pierson, 
of I, were mortally wounded. AVounded not mortally, 
— Morse ( A. ) and ]\Iinor, of A ; Lovejoy and 
Kenny (^M.), of B; Murray, of C; Leary, Corporal 
King (O. M.), Pierce (II. S.), Corporal Priest, and 
Sergeant Thompson, of D ; Greenwood and Metcalf 
(G. O.), of E; Bohman and Lawson, of G; Mur- 
phy (John 1st) and Smith (Wm.), of 11 ; Pierson, 
of I ; and Springer, of K. 

That night the Second rested under the slope. The 
six hundred wounded of the First Division were back 
in the division hospital, where Surgeon Heath and 
others of the division worked all night. Kebel wounded 
were there also, and received the same care as the men 
of the division. 

In the night there was a sudden outbreak of artillery, 
but it soon ceased. In the morning, it was found that 
the rebels had evacuated. One of Sherman's flanking 
o[)crations, across the river below, had necessitated their 
removal. The whole army immediately followed. The 
I'orps moved by diti'erent roads, and crossed at different 
places. The Second Massachusetts, jifter a blunder of 



230 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS TNTANTRY. 

somebody above, who led the division wrong, })ent east- 
ward, and crossed the river by a temporary bridge about 
due east of Resaca ; went on to the Coosa wattee, and 
camped on its northern bank. On the 17th, crossed the 
river in the rain, and marched eight miles towards Cass- 
ville. Fighting was heard off on the right : it was that 
of Xewton's Division near Adairsville. On the ISth, 
roused at three, a.m. ; moved at nine o'clock ; halted on 
a hill, and prepared to camp ; ordered on again, and, by 
crooked roads, finished twenty miles, camping north- 
east of Kingston, and not far from Cassville. 

The enemy was strongly fortified at Cassville, and 
occupied that place in force. Johnston had determined to 
risk a battle there, and had ordered all the inhabitants 
out of the village. On the 19th, it was approached. 
General Schofield was on the left, then the Twentieth 
Corps, and McPherson in supporting distance near 
Kino'ston. After marchino^ three or four miles through 

o o o 

woods, the corps suddenly emerged into open ground in 
front of a range of successive hills ; and, formed in line 
of battle, moved forward. Skirmishers were busy in 
front, and there was a slight artillery fire. The corps 
pressed on, and drove the rebels out of two or three suc- 
cessive lines of breastworks among the hills. After sun- 
set, the troops came out into a plain in front of the 
village, just back of which were the rebel works. The 
enemy occupied the village, and those of the Second 
which chanced to be directly in front of the town pressed 
up to within a few yards of an orchard in which the rebel 
skirmishers lay. Firing took place, and on the left the 



FOR ATLANTA. 231 

blaze of nuiskctry was decidedly lively, while soldiers 
were ringing- the bell of a deserted seminary just at the 
edge of the town. Works of rails were hastily thrown 
up, and the men were under arras. 

l>ut, when the sun rose, the rebels had left the town. 
Johnston, it is reliably stated, could not depend on his 
corps commanders, who declared they could hold 
neither flank. So he left in the night. 

General Sherman here gave his army a few days' rest, 
and ©Importunity to get some supplies. The Second 
remiined at Cassville. 

Hn'c the men not re-enlisting, with seven officers, left 

camp for the North. It was a scene of deep emotion 

when the brave comrades separated. Regarding the 

men caving, General AVilliams issued the following 

order — 

Headquarters Fiust Division Twextieth Corps, 
Cassville, Ga., May 22, 1S64. 
SpecialOrders, No. 21. 

[Extract.] 

The officers and eulisted men of Second Massachusetts 
Volunter Infantiy whose term of service expires on the 22d 
inst. beiig about to leave the division, the brigadier-general 
commaiJing embraces the occasion to acknowledge, in an 
official 3rni, tlie marked gallantry, uniform good conduct, 
suijerionlisciphnc, and constant fideHty to duty, which have 
charactcized them during the long period they have been 
under h; command. 

lie jirts from tlicm with the deepest regret, and with the 
most coilial wishes for the future prosperity and happiness of 
each ind'idual. 

The icollections of their severe trials and suiFerings, of 
their poient and heroic endurance, and of the many great 



232 SECOND BIASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

battles in which they liave borne a distinguished part during 
the tlu-ee years of active duty in the field, will prove, he 
ventures to hope, not only a source of honest pride, but an 
endearing incentive to a future life of pure and devoted 
patriotism, of honorable personal conduct, Avorthy of the dis- 
tinguished name they have so faithfully won in the cause of 
union. 

By command of 

Brigadier-Geneeal a. S. Williams, 

Commanding Division. 
S. E. PiTTMAN, Captain and A. A. G. 

For the few days of rest, General Thomas's army 
was at and about Cassville ; General Scliofield'* at 
Cassville Station, and Howard's at Etowah Briige; 
and General McPherson at Kingston, about iight 
miles east of Cassville ; while General J. C. I)avis 
had got Rome with its forts, mills, and foundries./ 

The enemy held Alatoona Pass, a formidable position 
on the railway, southward. Sherman determiied to 
turn it by a circuit to the right, — that is, west wail. He 
loaded the wagons with forage and subsisterfce for 
twenty days, and left the raihvay on the 23d oi May. 
General Thomas's army Avas to go by way_ of Elharlee 
and Burnt Hickory, being the central of thj three 
columns. 

The Second left Cassville at four, a.m., ]\iy 23, 
in command of Lieutenant-Colonel Morse, an( made 
about ten miles in a very hot and dusty day, learing 
distant cannonade. It crossed the Etowah about 
noon, on pontoons. Marched all the next f-y, as 
guard to the division ordnance trains, passic; over 



FOR ATLANTA. 233 

the Alatoona Hills ; and lay all night in the rain, on the 
south side of Kaccoon Creek, some distance in rear of 
the corps. Started at daylight on the 25th, in the cold 
and wet ; rejoined the brigade ; crossed Pumpkin-vine 
Creek, and went to within three miles of Dallas, where 
the division faced about, marched to the rear, re-crossed 
the creek, and mo^•ed to the left to the sup})ort of 
General Geary. Hooker, with Geary's Division, had 
encountered the enemy on a parallel road, and had a 
severe encounter. He got his other divisions up from 
the other I'oads, about four p.m., and, by Sherman's 
order, " made a bold push to secure possession of New- 
Hope Church, where three roads, from Ackworth, Mari- 
etta, and Dallas, meet." A hard battle was fought with 
Stewart's Division of Hood's Corps, but the enemy was 
covered by earthworks. A stormy and dark night set in, 
and Hooker was unable to accomplish his purpose. 

The Second was not engaged. When it re-crossed 
Pumpkin-vine Creek, it was left Avith a battery, by 
special detail from General Hooker, to destroy the 
bridge just crossed, and hold tlie position against the 
possible passage of any of the enemy by that road, 
from Dallas. It was thus prevented from participating 
in the bloody battle of that day, in which its division 
suffered severely. 

On the 2nth, 27th, and 28th, the regiment remained 
in the same position at the crossing. On the morning 
of the 27th, it heard heavy firing on the left. Four- 
teen recruits arrived from Massachusetts that day. 
These were the first instalment of recruits raised by 



234 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY. 

special efforts of friends in Massachusetts. In connec- 
tion with this effort, in \Yhich Wm. F. Oakey, Esq., of 
New York, warmly assisted, the following paper should 
be preserved, although it records the names of only a 
portion of the subscribers : — 

To the Friends of the Second Regiment. 

The Massachusetts Second Infantry Regiment was raised 
in April, 1861, at the suggestion, and with the co-operation 
of very many of our prominent citizens. It is now the oldest 
volunteer organization in the United-States service. Its repu- 
tation for thorough discipline, patient endurance, heroic gal- 
lantry, and entire efficiency, was early acquired, and has 
never been lost. 

Notwithstanding its gi'eat labors and services already ren- 
dered, the regiment has re-enlisted for another term of three 
years ; but, in May, when the first term expires, it will have 
only about two hundred officers and men. Now, volunteering, 
however brisk it may be in general, will not, without some 
special stimulus, fill its ranks. The State may meet all tlie 
calls of the President, and yet this regiment, and others such 
as this, may receive very little benefit. This is the universal 
experience of those acquainted with recruiting. The organ- 
ization and efficiency of this regiment cannot, therefore, be 
preserved, without the aid of private enterprise. Will not the 
glory of its history, the dear memories of the brave hearts 
that have fallen fighting under its flag, its value to the service, 
and the credit it has always gained for the State, stimulate its 
friends to this work ? To this should be added the special 
consideration, tliat the regiment is now with the Army of the 
Cumberland, and the only IMassachusetts regiment in the 
Twelfth Corps. The Western regiments, with whom it 
serves, have been recruited largely ; and it becomes, in some 
sort, a matter of State pride, that this representative organiza- 
tion from Massachusetts, should also be recruited. 



FOR ATLANTA. ^35 



The most efficient Avay of accomplislun- this work, is to 
raise a fund, with which to pay a small premium, varymj? m 
amount, from time to ti.ne, but averaging about ;>20 for eacli 
recruit, in addition to the regular bounties. Two hundred 
and f.fty men -a valuable addition to the regiment- would, 
at this rate, cost about $5,000. Shall not that sum, at least. 

The Treasurer has already received, and herewith acknowl- 
edges, the following contributions, and is happy to state that 
twenty-five recruits, obtained in the manner set forth, arc now 

in camp. 

Contributions may be sent to 

Robert JVI. Morse, Jr. 

Barrister's Ilall, 7, Court Square, Boston. 
Boston, April 1, 1864. 

" George Ticknor, . . 50 „ 28, Mr. G R. Russe 1, . 50 

" ;5,Wmiaa.I)wi.ht, . . 50 „ 29, VV. F. Gary, N.l. • 

; 16, William Ferlcins, . . 100 „ „ Mr.^a'--;'' " " ' " 'I 

" it; Samuel Frothingham, 25 Apr. 1, Dan'l G. Bacon, N.Y. 100 

19, Wm. jMountford, . . 25 

On the 28th, heavy firing along nearly the Avhole line. 
The regiment was surrounded by the wounded of the 

Fifteenth Corps. 

On the 29th, pursuant to orders from division head- 
quarters, the regiment started back for Kingston, as 
escort to a train of a hundred and seventeen wagons, 
laden witli wounded men of the Twentieth Corps. 
After a tedious march over the Allatoona Mountains, 
reached Kingston at noon on the 31st. The regiment 
remained in camp there until June 4th, when, the 
.vaoon-trains of the whole army having been refilled 



236 SECOND 3IASSACHUSETTS IXFANTRY. 

with supplies, the Second, with many other regiments, 
started to guard them back to tlieir commands. On 
this march back. Captain Crowninshield was wounded 
by guerrilhis, June 6th, at Raccoon Ci'eek : it was his 
fourth wound. The regiment reached its brigade on 
the 8th, which it found in front of the enemy's strong 
position on Lost ]Mountain : it brought back sixty 
recruits. 

During the absence of the Second, General Sherman's 
operations, working to the left continually, had turned 
Allatoona Pass ; the enemy, on the 4th, had abandoned 
their entrenchments at New-Hope Church, and moved 
back to Lost ^Mountain ; General Sherman had occupied 
Ack worth, and reached railway, south of the pass, on 
the 6th ; had determined to fortify and garrison the 
pass as a secondary base. The railway bridge over 
the Etowah was rebuilding, and supplies soon came by 
rail. 

The army was in front of the mountain chain held by 
the enemy, in which they covered jNIarietta. Pine 
Mountain formed the apex, and Kenesaw and Lost 
Mountains the base of a triangle. On each peak, the 
enemy had signal stations. On the 9th of June, Gene- 
ral Sherman moved forward, — jNIcPherson tov/ards 
Marietta, his right on the railway ; Thomas on Kenesaw 
and Pine ^lountains ; and Schofield off towards Lost 
Mountain, — cavalry on the left, and cavalry on the right, 
and McCook looking to the rear and communications. 
In this movement, the Second found itself on the 11th 
confrontinu' Pine Mountain. It formed its line in the 



FOR ATLANTA. 237 

woods, and built heavy breastworks directly under 
the enemy's batteries, who opened fire. It was a rainy 
day. So it was on the 12th. Rained all night. The 
ground was a mere swamp. On the 14th, the mud 
dried somewhat. Firing from near General Thomas's 
headquarters. In the sharp cannonading from Hooker's 
left and Howard's right, the rebel Polk was killed. On 
the 15th, steady firing. The enemy left their position on 
Pine Mountain. Thomas and Schofield advanced, and 
found them strongly entrenched on the line of rugged 
hills connecting Kenesaw and Lost Mountains. At two, 
P.M., the Second moved to the right, and advanced; 
but the division (tlie First) was in reserve, though it 
had a few wounded, while the Second Di\ision was 
heavily engaged. Operations were pushed on the 16th ; 
heavy firing of artillery and infantry ; the lines (includ- 
ing those of the Second) were pushed close to the 
enemy's works. The rebel shells fell into tlie hospital, 
and the wounded were sheltered beliind the breastworks. 
The firing had hardly ever been equalled in the experi- 
ence of the regiment. The rebels were forced to 
evacuate on the morning of the 17th. The skirmishers 
of the Second (with the other forces) advanced, and 
drove the enemy into their next line, where the Second 
halted, and threw up new works. It rained all the 18th : 
the Fourtli Corps was firing, but tlicre was no general 
engagement, and the wounded of the Twentieth Corps 
were being sent back. It rained all night, and the 
roads were in a horrible condition. The enemy, on 
tlie I'Jlh, had i'alkn back, — their centre (Loring's) on 



238 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Kencsaw ; their right (Hood's) covering Marietta, 
resting on the Marietta and Canton Road ; their left 
(Hardee's) across the Lost jM(5untain and Marietta 
Road, behind Nose's Creek. The Second was moved 
up, and threw up new works on the 19th, — in doing 
which, First Lieutenant Lord, a young and gallant 
officer, was mortally wounded. The position of the 
regiment was south of Kenesaw. Heavy firing on 
the 20th, and steady rain. The brigade moved about 
three miles to the right, and built works again. On 
the 21st, rain : the line was slightly changed, and 
new works built. On the 2 2d, firing as usual. About 
three, p.m., a very severe fire of artillery and infantry. 
A movement had been just made to the right and 
forward, when Hood suddenly fell upon the division, 
and on a division of Schofield's. He drove in the 
skirmishers ; but, on nearing the lines, received a 
severe repulse, and fell back, leaving dead, wounded, 
and prisoners. The Second, though in the first line, 
was not engaged, the attack extending not quite so 
far to the right, but it had two men wounded in 
the skirmish line, — Gould, of B; and another. Du- 
ring the 2od, 24th, and 25th, the regiment was undis- 
turbed. On the 2()th, moved a short distance to the 
left, and entrenched. Was near a brook, and bathing 
was a luxury. On the 27th, the men were spectators 
of the unsuccessful assault upon Kenesaw. The regi- 
ment, having moved in the morning, was vmder a 
heavy artillery fire all day, but laid low ; at night went 
back to yesterday's position. On the next two days, 



FOR ATLANTA. 239 

they were quiet ; but the rebels made an unsuccessful 
attack on the Fourth Corps. 

There was occasional firing on the 30th. On the 1st 
of July, Colonel Cogswell, who had been away since 
May 23, returned with near a hundred recruits, and took 
the command which Lieutenant-Colonel INIorse had skil- 
fully held in his absence. The regiment was in front of 
Marietta. 

The enemy's left had been turned by McPherson. 
To prevent losing communication with Atlanta, the 
rebels abandoned Kencsaw, and fell back on the 2d ; 
and, on the 3d, Thomas's Army was moved towards the 
railway, and turned south towards the Chattahoochie. 
The Second moved rapidly on to three miles beyond 
Marietta ; the pickets of the division, under Lieutenant- 
Colonel ]\Iorse, being pushed forward as skirmishers, 
had some brisk fighting ; and, on the 4th, moved into 
position in front of tlie enemy's lines at Smyrna Church. 
During the night of the 4tli, and morning of the 5th, 
the enemy fell back five miles to still another line of 
defences, with his flanks resting on the Chattahoochie. 
The Twentieth Corps advanced (in front of the point 
where the railway crossed the river) on the 6th ; the 
Second moving over rough roads, and through powerful 
works deserted by the enemy, and camping in the 
woods that night. On the 7th, moved to the left. 
The weather came on hot. Insects were savage. But 
Atlanta was in sight. 

There was firing alon"; the lines on the 0th. That 
night, Johnston, finding that Sherman had secured 



240 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IXFANTRY. 

three good places of crossing the river, crossed the 
Chattahoocliie ; and left its north bank to the national 
troops, whose pickets advanced to the banks. 

The troops needed rest, and it was allowed. Black- 
berries were plenty. Changed camp on the loth. 
But, on the 17th, the Second crossed on pontoons, five 
miles north of the railway bridge. Advanced on the 
18th, through a heavily wooded and hilly country, to 
near Buckhead, within seven miles of Atlanta, and due 
north. On the 19th, marched to Peach-tree Creek ; on 
the 20th, crossed it, under artillery fire, advanced a 
mile and a half, and went into position, — Tenney, of 
C, wounded. All the armies had closed in, converging 
towards Atlanta. 

In the afternoon of the 20th, about four o'clock, Avas 
the bloody battle of Peach-tree Creek. The enemy 
sallied from his works in great force, and fell upon the 
right centre of the army, comprising a division of 
Ploward, Williams's of Hooker's, and one of Palmer's. 
Williams's Division was without cover ; but, after a 
severe action, drove the enemy back to his entrench- 
ments, losing five hundred killed and wounded. The 
Second was not engaged, being in the second line ; but 
it had one ofiScer, Captain N. D. A. Sawyer, severely 
wounded, and one enlisted man wounded, in the skir- 
mish line. 

On the morning of the 2 2d, it was found that the 
enemy had abandoned the line of Peach-tree Creek, and 
fallen back to the line of redoubts which formed the 
immediate defence of Atlanta. The army crossed 



FOR ATLANTA. 241 

the creek, and closed in upon the town, — Thomas on 
the rifjht. The Second built breastworks close to the 
enemy, and under his fire. Cothran, of A, was 
wounded. That day, the enemy attacked the left in 
force, and McPherson fell. 

The regiment remained in its works. Officers climbed 
trees occasionally, and took a look into Atlanta. On 
the 27th, the Thirteenth New Jersey did a handsome 
thing in front of the picket line, capturing prisoners, 
and burning buildings. On the 28th, General Hooker 
left the corps. He felt aggrieved by the appointment 
of Howard to succeed McPherson. General A. S. 
Williams took command of the corps, to serve until 
General Slocum, the corps' old commander, should 
return, who was immediately summoned from Yicks- 
burg. 

At daybreak, on the morning of July 30, Lieutenant- 
Colonel Morse, field officer of the day, surprised the 
enemy's pickets in his front, and captured seventy-two 
in their rifle-pits. The Second was inunediately ordered 
to support. The regiment moved rapidly forward, occu- 
pied the hill which had just been taken from tlie enemy, 
and hastily erected breastworks. This position brought 
the regiment within two hundred yards of one of the 
enemy's forts, from which a close and hot fire was 
immediately opened from artillery, infantry, and sharp- 
shooters. Repeated attempts were made to retake 
the hill, but the enemy were effectually and steadily 
repulsed. The regiment held the position, replying 

eticctually to the fire. After sLx: hom-s of successful 

16 



242 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

service, and firing two hundred rounds per man, the 
Second was relieved by the Thirteenth New Jersey. It 
returned to its own works, with a loss of but tliree 
men killed, and five wounded. In these works, killed, 
— Goodwin, of C; Khoux, of E; and Lennon, of I. 
Mortally wounded, — Sergeant Reed, of E. Wounded, 
not mortally, — Caffrey, Munson, and Corporal McCaw- 
ley, of E ; and Sergeant MeCafii-ey, of I. On the 1st of 
August, Benson, of I, was mortally Avounded ; Dillon, 
of F, wounded (by shell) ; on the 3d, Moran, of C, 
was wounded ; and on the 14th, Burgess, of H. In 
these works the regiment remained under fire, day and 
nio'ht, until the 25th. Recruits came Auo-ust 9th. On 
the 13th, a large fire in Atlanta- 
While in these works, Surgeon Heath, who had 
become sick by his indefatigable service, was sent back 
to Chattanooga. Faithful to the last, he worked when 
he should have rested. His disease proved fiital, and 
he died at Chattanooga on the 28th of August. One 
of the best surgeons in the army, "a fiiithful, conscien- 
tious, efficient officer, of superior qualifications," said 
the official report, " he wore himself out in his country's 
service. The regiment has met with no heavier loss in 
its experience." His last entry in his diary, made while 
sick in front of Atlanta, says, "Colonel Cogswell and 
other officers came to see me to-day." When he died, 
men of the Second, hardy and true, shed tears. 

On the 25th of August, in the course of Sherman's 
operations on the Atlanta railways, the Twentieth 
Corps moved back to the Chattahoochie : the Second 



FOR ATLANTA. 243 

was stationed in a fort whicli covered the railway bridge 
on that river. 

On the 2Gth, General Slocuni reached the corps, in 
command of wliich lie had been replaced. Riding 
along the lines, he was received with the greatest 
enthusiasm . 

Thirty recruits came on the 31st. About midnight, 
on the 1st of September, explosions were heard in 
Atlanta. Whether it was an attack or an evacuation 
was unknown. Reconnoissance discovered that it was 
the latter. The Second Division entered the city in 
the morning. And about dark the Second Massachu- 
setts entered, with music playing ; camped in the 
city park, and Colonel Cogswell was appointed post- 
commandant of Atlanta. 



244 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IKFANTRY. 



XIX. 



TO THE SEA. 



The Second found rest in Atlanta. In this brilliant 
campaign, possibly Sherman's greatest, the army had 
encountered an active enemy, led by the greatest 
General of the rebel armies ; had found fortifications all 
the way from Chattanooga ; had been in an enemy's 
country, at an immense distance from any possible 
help ; and had experienced the severest hardships and 
exposures. The Second had been in a continuous 
movement of a hundred and twenty-nine days. It 
had been under the enemy's fire for successive weeks, 
and had acquitted itself in a way suited to its 
record. 

Colonel Cogswell was post-commandant at Atlanta, 
and acquitted himself to the satisfaction of the com- 
manding General.^ Lieutenant-Colonel Morse was 
returned by General Slocum, to the position of provost- 
marshal, and Lieutenant McAlpine was his assistant. 
Major Francis was still inspector, on the staff of Gene- 
ral Williams. Adjutant Fox was post-adjutant. The 

1 Couversation of the writer with General Sherman. 



TO THE SEA. 245 

command of the regiment devolved upon Captain 
BroAvn, and was in good hands. 

The regiment was provost-guard. Its duties were to 
patrol the streets, enforce order, arrest all offenders ; 
guard all public and private property, seize property- 
contraband of war ; and in general to do all the duties 
of such a work. The labor, often arduous, was per- 
formed with alacrity and faithfulness. In these duties, 
the Thirty-third Massachusetts, Lieutenant -Colonel 
Eyder, and afterwards Lieutenant- Colonel Doane, 
commanding; and the One Hundred and Eleventh 
Pennsylvania, Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas M. Walker 
commanding. 

"The colonel commanding," Sept. 3, 1864, "calls 
upon the individual honor of each man to assist the 
regiment in the prompt, soldierly, faithful, and satisfac- 
tory discharge of its duty." The appeal was well 
answered. 

General Sherman arrived on the 7th, and already 
foreshadowed his determination to order all the inhabi- 
tants north or south. Truce was established around 
Rough and Ready Station on the 12th, for ten days, 
and this necessary measure was accomplished. 

Perfect order was speedily secured. On the 11th, 
the bells rang for church, and all was as quiet as Sun- 
day at home. 

A curious order was issued from liigher powers on 
the 18th: "No lumber" to be "brought into camp 
from any buildings torn down without leave from proper 
authority." 



246 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INrANTRY. 

On the 20th, the First Division was reviewed by 
General Slocum. The troops heartily cheered General 
Sherman as they passed his quarters. The Second 
Division was reviewed on the 25th, and the Third 
Division on the 26th. The exchanged officers from 
Rough and Ready paid General Sherman a visit on the 
28th, accompanied by the band of the Thirty-third 
Massachusetts ; and the General made a characteristic 
speech. 

On the 29th, Forrest was reported as doing damage 
on the road in the rear, and troops were sent to look 
him up. General Sherman left with the bulk of the 
army on the 4th of October, — only the Twentieth 
Corps and scattered detachments remaining. Half of 
the corps was at that time at work on the new line 
of fortifications. 

The regiment was successfully photographed on the 
19th of October and also the colors ; the officers, also, 
on the next day. And rumors kept coming of rebel 
operations on a small scale. 

On the 1st of November, Colonel Cogswell was 
notified that he was to have charge of the destruction 
of all buildings and works of any military importance. 
Lieutenant-Colonel Morse was to assist, with Lieutenant- 
Colonels Walker and Doane. Inspections were imme- 
diately made. Walls and chimnies were undermined, 
ready for explosion,. Powder bags were prepared by 
Lieutenant-Colonel Morse, who tried a perfectly suc- 
cessful experiment with a small house. Operations, 
however, were temporarily suspended, by order, on the 



TO THE SEA. 247 

6th. On tlie 7th, a communication. came from General 
Slocuni, that Captain Poe, cliief engineer of the mili- 
tary Division of ]Mississippi, would liave charge of the 
destruction, — Colonel Cogswell to furnish the necessary 
details. Trains kept loading and leaving for days. 
On the 11th, there was decided excitement caused by 
fires set in all parts of the city. Patrols were enlarged, 
and vigilance doubled. The fires were supposed to be 
set by citizens. 

On the 12th, Captain Poe began the work of destruc- 
tion, knocking down the round houses, and tearing up 
rails. The engineer regiments, Missouri and Michi- 
gan, did the work, — the Second patrolling. Most of 
the buildings destroyed were battered down. No fires 
that night. The same work was continued on the 13th. 
On the 14th, General Sherman arrived. The depots 
and other buildings were fired in the afternoon. 

On the 15th, the Twentieth Corps moved out. The 
Fourteenth Corps came about noon. The business part 
of the town and many dwellings were in flames, — "the 
sight perfectly magnificent." The Fourteenth Corps 
started on the 16th. The brigade, which was left behind 
until all other troops had gone, left the city in the after- 
noon (the Second Massachusetts being the last regiment 
which left Atlanta) in its ruins. 

The campaign to the sea had begun. 

Clianges had taken place. General Ruger had left 
the bri"jade on the 9th, being assigned to command of a 
division of the Twenty-third Corps : Lieutenant Binney 
accompanied him. In the regiment, in addition to the 



248 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

line officers who left on the 23d of May, Lieutenant 
Lundy resigned, and Quartermaster Sawyer. To fill 
the vacancies, promotions had been made as follows, to 
first lieutenancies (passing over the second lieutenancy) , 
with the date of muster, which does not really tell Avhen 
the officers had begun their duties : Quartermaster-Ser- 
geant Howes mustered in as first lieutenant, June 28 ; 
Sergeant-Major Richardson, same date ; Jesse Rich- 
ardson and Wm. T. McAlpine, July 1 ; Jed. C. 
Thompson, Aug. 11 ; and Samuel Storrow, for- 
merly a lieutenant in the Forty-fourth Massachusetts, 
in Atlanta on the 25th of October. Richard Pender- 
gast, promoted, was absent wounded. 

Several hundred enlisted men had been received. 
They were but a fraction of the eight hundred and 
seventy -five assigned to the regiment, — the others 
having deserted before joining. Of the three hundred 
and forty actually received, more than a hundred had 
deserted on the road to Atlanta. Some had gone to the 
enemy, some to the rear. These men doubtless never 
intended to be sent to the front, but failing of oppor- 
tunities to escape on the road, deserted from the 
regiment. The desertions were confined entirely to 
recruits, ''a majority of them Dutchmen, though many 
of them were Americans and New-York City ruffians." 
Seven of the deserters were taken, tried, and condemned 
to death ; but the sentence was finally commuted to 
imprisonment at Nashville. 

Many of the recruits made faithful and brave soldiers. 
On the 8th of August, after the fightings, the colonel 



TO THE SEA. 249 

had mentioned them in an order : " The colonel com- 
manding takes this occasion to congratulate the regiment 
for its cool and admirable behavior in the action of the 
30th of July. Considering that there were many re- 
cruits, many of whom were never under fire before, . . . 
the conduct of the recruits in that action shows that 
their bravery and coolness is satisfactory. . . . The old 
men of the regiment need no congratulations." 

Colonel Hawley was in command, as yet, of the 
Third Wisconsin. Colonel Colgrove^ was no longer 
with the Twenty-seventh Indiana. He had been 
severely wounded in fi-ont of Atlanta. 

It is not the object of this record to repeat the history 
of the campaign. That belongs to others. The move- 
ments of the Second are all which it is proposed to 
follow. 

On the evening when the Second left Atlanta, 
Nov. 10, it marched through Decatur and five miles 
beyond, and joined the rear of the Fourteenth Corps 
at ten o'clock of a fine moonlight night. The 
next day, passing through Latimer and Lithonia, it 



1 Silas Colgrove was born in Steuben Co., N.Y., May 24, 1816; son of 
Andrew and Elizabeth (Smith) Colgrove. When twenty-one years of age, 
he went to Winchester, Indiana, and studied law; and was admitted to 
practice in 1839. Was in the lower house of the Indiana Legislature, three 
terms (six years), and was prosecuting attorney of the Fifth Judicial Circuit 
five years. He entered the army in the three-months' service as Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel of the Eighth Indiana, and was in the battle of Kich 
Jlountain. When the Twenty-seventh Indiana was raised, he was appointed 
colonel, Aug. 29, 1861. His bravery and energy were established on 
many battle-fields: he was severely wounded in front of Atlanta. He was 
brevetted brigadier-general. 



250 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

marched sixteen miles to Conyers. The railway was 
demolished by the engineers as the troops advanced. 
Cotton presses and houses were also destroyed. On 
the 18th, — sending Captain Brown, with the two right 
companies, out foraging, — the regiment moved at nine, 
A.M. ; reached Yellow River at three, p.m. ; crossed it on 
pontoons, and camped on the east side, guarding while 
the pontoons were taken up. The foragers came in 
with two days' rations of sweet potatoes, a barrel of 
syrup, and considerable meat. The 19th was rainy. 
The regiment marched through Covington, and crossed 
the Ulfofauchee River, destroying the bridge behind ; 
waited for the Fourteenth Corps to get out of the way, 
and then went three miles to Newbern. On the 20th, 
the regiment leadinof the brioade, marched about sixteen 
miles. Captain Parker, with D and G, were foraging, 
and came in at noon with a load of sweet potatoes. 
Sergeant-Major Miles was missing. He was taken 
prisoner at a time when the rebels were hanging prison- 
ers, but he fortunately escaped in a few days, and 
returned to the regiment. On the 21st, a cold, rainy 
day ; the regiment moved at seven, a.m. ; left the Four- 
teenth Corps at Eatonton Factory, and crossed Little 
River. On the 22d, passed through Eatonville Village, 
crossed the Little River again on pontoons, and camped 
at Meriwether. Here it rejoined its corps, which was 
part of the left wing. 

On the 23d, reached Milledgeville at eleven, a.m. ; 
crossed the Oconee River, and joined its own brigade 
in camp. Marched at daylight on the 24th, and 



TO THE SEA. 251 

reached Hebron. Plenty of sweet potatoes. Had 
" Tlianks2:ivmof " festivities in the evenin";, — Colonels 
Carman, Hawley, and Stevenson, dining at the head- 
quarters of the Second. On the 25th, the regiment 
went out with a foraging party, but was stopped at 
Buffalo Creek, and ordered back on account of Wheel- 
er's Cavalry. The troops crossed after a short skirmish, 
and camped about three miles beyond. On the 26th, 
the brigade was in advance, and skirmished into San- 
ders ville, driving the rebel cavalry before it. Went 
into town in line of battle, tearing its way through all 
obstacles. In the afternoon, marched to Serrill's Sta- 
tion, and destroyed a mile or two of track. Marched, 
by a round-about road, the next day to Davisboro' Sta- 
tion, on the Georgia Central Road. Sweet potatoes were 
plenty, and a great deal of cotton was destroyed. On 
the 28th, marched along the railway to Spear's Turn- 
out : the division destroyed the road for that distance. 
On the 29th, destroyed seven miles of railway, and 
burnt a lar2;e amount of bridije timber. On the 30th, 
crossed the Ogeechee four or five miles south of Louis- 
ville, on an old wagon-bridge, and camped about three 
miles beyond. Joined the Third Division with the 
wagons. Kilpatrick was reported to have been forced 
back from Waynesboro'. The division moved about 
noon on the 1st of December, following the Second 
Division, and marching eleven miles through some 
awful swamps and mud-holes ; reached camp at mid- 
night. The Second was another hard day with the 
wagons, not reaching camp till ten, p.m ; passed through 



252 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

some fine plantations near BIrdsville ; weather warm 
and pleasant as June. 

On the 3d, the brigade left about eleven, a.m. ; vis- 
ited the Millen prison-pen, and found it as bad as ever 
reported. Eight men were found dead, and unburied in 
their huts. The regiment camped after a march of ten 
or twelve miles. The regiment led the corps on the 
4th ; made about fourteen miles, crossing four or five 
creeks ; and camped near Hunter's Mills. Heard guns, 
which the citizens said were fired at Charleston, sev- 
enty-five miles away. Lay in camp, on the 5th, until 
six, P.M., — the Second and Third Divisions passing; 
had a rough night, roads bad, and being behind the 
whole train, got into camp at half-past two, A.M. 
Marched again at nine o'clock, and camped at seven, 
P.M. On the 7th, went through several miles of pine 
swamp, crossed Turkey Branch about eight, p.m., and 
camped near Springfield about eleven o'clock. Day 
rainy, and many of the wagons had to be pulled out of 
the mud by the men. On the 8th, all wagons were 
left in charge of the Third Division, except ambulance 
and headquarter wagons. Marched about ten miles, 
the regiment in rear of division ; the roads were ob- 
structed with trees felled by the rebels. 

On the 9th, moved at seven, a.m. ; struck a good 
sand road after a mile or two. Halted, and had an 
inspection, and renewed ammunition. About fifteen 
miles from Savannah, came upon a rebel work mounting 
two o^uns. The briojade was sent to get on its flank and 
rear ; the position was carried, and the regiment camped. 



TO THE SEA. 253 

Moved at seven, a.m., on the 10th, meeting with no 
opposition ; and struck the Charleston and Savannah rail- 
way about ten miles from Savannah. The brigade was 
put to work destroying the railway. In the afternoon, 
it was moved to the front. Rebel batteries were en- 
countered about four miles from Savannah, and the brig- 
ade went into camp, in line of battle, about half a mile 
from the enemy's works. 

The next morning, the Second and the One Hundred 
and Seventh New York, under Colonel Cogswell, were 
ordered on a reconnoissance in front. They found the 
rebels in a line of works on the other side of a flooded 
rice-swamp, and then returned. The line was moved 
forward on the morning of the 12th. There was can- 
nonade on the left and right. Forage and rations were 
short. That morning, Battery I, First New- York Ar- 
tillery, captured a gunboat on the Savannah River. The 
next day. Fort McAlister was captured, and the fleet 
was coming up. The army had found the sea. 

On the 15th, in the afternoon, orders came to 
cross to Argyle Island, and join the Third Wiscon- 
sin. Crossed with considerable difficulty on flatboats, 
getting aground, and waiting for the tide ; went into 
camp on the island about ten, p.m. On the 16th, the 
remainder of the brigade crossed. A battery on the 
opposite shore was annoying, stopping the rice-mill, 
and forcing the troops to lie all day behind a dyke. A 
gunboat was shelling the line also. The next day, a 
huge mail was received. 

On the 19th, the brigade crossed the river at day- 



254 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

light, under Colonel Hawley, — the Third Wisconsin in 
advance. A landing was secured without loss of life. 
The brio-ade advanced about three miles, securino- oood 
positions, and steadily driving the enemy. In the after- 
noon, the rebels showed considerable force, and opehed 
fire of shell from two guns. They charged, also, four 
companies of the One Hundred and Seventh New 
York, but were repulsed. The brigade had a section 
of a battery. Before daylight of the 20th, it had 
thrown up breastworks. This position seriously threat- 
ened the only rebel line of retreat from Savannah. 
There was heavy firing in front of Savannah ; and the 
enemy appeared to be evacuating the city, by the ap- 
pearance of the wagons. 

About seven, a.m., Dec. 21, the regiment received 
orders to recross the river. Savannah had surrendered. 
The regiment (excepting Companies C and A) and 
the artillery crossed safely to Argyle Island. The 
enemy then pressed the remainder of the brigade (with 
C and A) so closely, that it was ten, p.m., before all 
were on the island. A heavy wind prevented any 
crossing from the Island to the Georgia shore. The 
Second attempted it, but was blown a mile down the 
river upon Hutchinson's Island. The 2 2d was spent 
in crossing the brigade. About four, p.m., the cross- 
ing having been completed, the brigade marched until 
ten, P.M., and went into camp, — the right very near 
the river. The night was very cold. 

The next day, a camp was laid out, which was soon 
built. Eations were scarce, — dm'ing the fortnight, re- 



TO THE SEA. 255 

lieved by a load of oysters, "small, but good." On the 
31st, just after "muster," orders came to move to the 
left, — the Third Division being ordered over into 
South Carolina : a good camp was lost in exchange for 
a poor one. 

On the 30th, the Twentieth Corps was reviewed by 
General Sherman in Savannah. The day was fine and 
warm. 

Thus the year closed. The march to the sea had 
ended. Cutting loose from its base ; traversing an 
enemy's country over three hundred miles ; with less 
than half-rations of coffee, sugar, and salt, with but one- 
sixth rations of bread, — making up deficiencies from the 
sweet potatoes, syrup, corn meal, beef cattle, sheep, 
poultry, and other provisions of the country, — the 
army had won the imperishable honor of Sherman's 
march to the sea. The losses of the Second had been 
only nine prisoners, and three wounded. 



256 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



XX. 



THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 



On the 1st day of January, 1865, the regiment was still 
in camp a mile from Savannah. The new year came in 
clear and cold. But it was the last year of the war. 

On the 14th, two former enlisted men of the Second 
visited camp. Major Nutt and Lieutenant Ellsworth, of 
the Fifty-fifth Massachusetts. They had proved their 
training. 

On the 16th, Colonel Cogswell, brevetted brigadier- 
general, made a parting address to the regiment. He 
had earned promotion, of which a brevet was a scanty 
grade. From April, 1861, he had been in service ; and 
for most of the time after the battle of Antietam had 
commanded the regiment. He was assigned to com- 
mand of the Third Brigade in the Third Division of 
the Corps. Lieutenant Storrow went with him as aid. 

General Cogswell's parting address was as follows : — 

Savannah, Ga., Jan. 16, 1865. 
To the Officers and Enlisted Men of the Second Massachusetts Infantry. 

In leaving the command of the Second Massachusetts 
Infantry, the undersigned takes this occasion to express his 
regrets at the separation. 




^i^ETEir iSiRaS.iSLEFi.WL 



THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 257 

I have been with you three years and eight months, 
through most of the many campaigns that have added so 
much glory and renown to your name and fame. We have 
shared together most of those severe battles that have cost 
us so many brave and heroic lives, and have assisted so 
much in giving victory to our arms. 

I leave you now for another post of duty ; and I 
cannot but feel, from the bottom of my heart, the deepest 
sorrow at parting from so old, brave, and well-tried a 
command, and one that I love so much. Your good 
name is known, and will be remembered whenever the 
battles of the Potomac, or the campaigns of Sherman, are 
read. 

The battles from "Winchester to Atlanta attest your 
patriotism and zeal ; and the fortj graves of Gettysburg, 
your unflinching bravery and heroic daring. No one who 
has been with you from the beginning, or who properly 
appreciates the honor of belonging to the regiment, can 
leave you but with sorrow from the fact that he is no 
longer to be one among you. 

By a careful and prompt obedience to orders, by your 
soldierly conduct and bearing, by your regular and sys- 
tematic discipline, by your bravery on the field, and by 
your faithful attention to duty, you have gained the confi- 
dence and respect of all with whom and under whom you 
have served, and made for yourself a history that will be 
remembered when Ave all shall have passed away ; and 
remember, that it is by reason of your discipline and 
conduct, and attention to duty, that you have done this, 
and whatever you are or may hope to be in the future, 
is and Avill be attributable to this, and this alone. 

That the same name and record, as yet untarnished 
ancl unequalled, may attend you in the future that has 
in the past, is the best and most earnest wish of your 
late commander. 

17 



258 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Whatever of faults are mine, at least I have tried to 
do my best for your welfare and comfort, and for the 
honor of your organization. 

Wherever I may be called, no greater honor can await 
me than that of having belonged to the Second Massa- 
chusetts Infantry ; and, wherever I am, my wishes and 
thoughts will always be with you. I am happy that in 
my successor you have an officer so eminently qualified 
to lead and command you on the field, so ably to care 
for and instruct you in camp. 

William Cogswell, 

Brevet Brigadier-General U.S. Vols. 

Lieutenant - Colonel Morse took command of the 
regiment which he was hencefortli to lead until (save 
while disabled by wounds) the end of the war, wisely, 
bravely, and skilfully to close a line of commanders, 
as satisfactorily as it opened. Colonel Hawley, the able 
leader of the Third Wisconsin, took command of the 
brigade. The division was led by General Jackson, 
and Brigadier-General A. S. Williams commanded the 
corps. The corps was in the left wing, under General 
Slocum. 

On the 15th of January, some parts of the army 
had moved. On the 17tli, the Second, in its division, 
crossed the Savannah on pontoons, and marched eight 
miles up the bank of the river, and went for the night 
into the old camps of the Third Division. The cam- 
paign northward was begun. 

On the 18th, the regiment moved seven miles towards 
Hardeeville. On the 19th, seven miles through Har- 
deeville, and camped at Purysburgh, at the steamboat 



THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 259 

landing on the river. The steamer "Pontiac" came up, 
and two transports with rations. Heavy rain. Rain 
on the 20th : the roads and country for twenty miles 
were underwater; rain on the 21st, and ditched camp ; 
rain on the 22d. On that day Surgeon Curtis E. 
Maun joined the regiment, taking the place of the la- 
mented Heath, — Assistant-Surgeon Nichols declining 
promotion, to be surgeon in the Third Massachusetts 
Heavy Artillery. Surgeon Tracy, of the Forty-sixth 
Pennsylvania, had been assigned to duty with the 
i-egiment for a few days. On the 23d, rain, with a 
gleam of sunshine ; on the 24th, clear and cold ; on 
the 25th, cloudy and cold. In this period, from the 
19th, the weather was severe. The river banks were 
overflowed in many places : the camps were very wet, 
and the troops suiFered much from exposure. 

On the 26th, a cold and windy day, the regiment 
marched about four and a half miles up the river, on 
the Sister's Ferry Road. On the 27th, eleven miles, on 
the Robertville Road, — obstructions on the route not so 
numerous. Forage plenty. On the 28th, counter- 
marched back to the cross roads, and about half a mile 
towards Sister's Ferry. Found the road impracticable. 
Countermarched again, and went towards Robertville 
about five miles. The road was obstructed by felled 
trees, rail-barricades, &c. : the enemy's scouts retired 
after exchanging shots. On the 29th, went to Robert- 
ville, — about five miles. The brigade was in advance, 
and the Third Wisconsin drove a regiment of Wheeler's 
Cavalry out of town on the run, themselves losing three 



260 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

or four men. Camped on Sister's Ferry Road in posi- 
tion. The 30th, fair and cold ; also tlie 31st. Forage 
of all kinds plenty. On Feb. 1, brigade drill was had, 
under Colonel Hawley. 

The army now cut loose from the river base, and 
marched for the heart of South Carolina. The regi- 
ment left Robertville, Feb. 2, at nine, A.M., guard- 
ing the ammunition-train, — Company D foraging; 
marched twelve miles and camped near Lawtonville. 
Plenty of potatoes, and some pork. On the 3d, moved 
at daylight, brigade in advance. One Hundred and 
Seventh New York leading ; made about ten miles, to a 
branch of Duck Creek. Forage of all kinds was abun- 
dant. Men filled their haversacks with salt, fresh pork, 
and sweet potatoes. On the 4th, brigade in the rear, 
guarding wagons over a bad road, changing by-and-by 
to good, about ten miles, to within two miles of Allen- 
dale Post-office ; camping about nine, p.m. On the 
5th, up at half-past five; off at seven, a.m., through 
Allendale, and by a cross-road to within two miles of 
Beaufort's Bridge ; roads good ; First Brigade in ad- 
vance. Third following. Some foragers missing. On 
the 6th, moved at eight o'clock, cold and wet ; guarded 
wagons through a swamp a mile wide, and across the 
Salkehatchie ; at noon left the train, and finished a 
march of eleven miles, to near Duncanville. On the 
7th, cold and rainy; moved at half-past six, a.m., 
the regiment the advance of the corps ; struck the 
Charleston and Augusta railway about half past four, 
p.m., and camped on the north side of the road. On 



THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 261 

the 8th, moved at half-past six, a.m., tearing up the 
track; "quite an intgresting operation," says a diary ; 
camped at night at Graham's Station, in the woods, 
having spoilt three miles of railway-track. The 9th was 
cold, with a snow-squall; marched at eight, a.m., by 
road near railway, through Blackwcll's Station, in 
swampy ground, and made about fifteen miles. For- 
agers quite successful. On the 10th, marched at ten, 
a.m., guard to brigade train, to near Williston's Station, 
and covering flank, while the rest of the brigade was 
destroying railway; countermarched about three miles, 
and camped near the railway. On the 11th, went to 
work destroying railway ; marched at half-past nine, 
A.M., to a branch of the Edisto at Duncan's Bridge; 
after much delay, — reaching it at three, P.M., — crossed 
it and the adjacent swamps, and reached camp near the 
north side, about nine, p.m. Heard artillery firing 
somewhere. Three days' rations issued, "to last eight 
days." On the 12th, moved at eleven, a.m., in rear of 
division wagon-train, ten miles, to near the north 
branch of the Edisto River, camping two miles from 
Jones's Bridge. Crossed the Edisto on the loth, — a 
fair, cold day, — and marched about five miles towards 
Columbia. Foraging party successful. The enemy 
were numerous on the flanks, skirmishing with the for- 
agers. 

On the 14th, cold, cloudy, and rain after noon ; 
moved, about nine, a.m., a mile or two to cross-roads, 
where the brigade went into position to cover the road 
while the corps passed. At three, p. m., fell in at 



262 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

the rear ; moved on Lexington Court-house Road, and 
camped at crossing of Augusta and Columbia Road. 
Artillery fire on the left. Enemy's cavalry close on 
the flanks, so that the foraging party did not get much. 
On the 15th, cloudy and cold ; marched at noon, 
with the wagons ; roads bad, and bridges burnt by the 
enemy. Camped, about midnight, a mile from Lex- 
ington Court-house. Foraging party got nothing that 
day, — poor country. On the 16th, moved on the 
Columbia Road, about half-past seven, A. M., Third 
Division in advance. Heard firing, — advance reach- 
ing Congaree River, and shelling the town to dislodge 
Wheeler's Cavalry ; camped about three miles from the 
river, having marched about seven miles. On the 
17th, marched at eight, A.M., guarding wagons for 
two hours ; then lay all day in a muddy cornfield, — 
artillery, infantry, and wagons, all massed; at ten, 
P.M., crossed the Saluda on pontoons, and camped. 
Columbia was occupied by the right wing. Foraging 
party was permanently organized under Captain Brown. 
Procured one day's rations of potatoes, and fresh beef 
was issued. On the 18th, the Second and Third Di- 
visions were passing all day; moved at four, p.m., 
with the wagons ; passed burning buildings, woods on 
fire, and the usual work of the advance in South Caro- 
lina ; made seven miles. Foraging party got nothing; 
no rations issued, and the regiment very short of food. 

On the 19th, a very fine day, left camp at eleven, 
A.M. ; marched with wagons about four miles to near 
Alston's Ferry, and camped. Received some meat 



THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 263 

from foraging party on the road, and at night the 
party brought in a day's rations. The men liad had 
nothing: to cat since the morning of the dav before. 
The Fourteenth Corps being in advance, the country 
was well eaten up. On the 20th, left at half-past 
seven, a.m. ; marched to Alston's Ferry, and crossed 
Broad River on pontoons, and made about six miles on 
the Winnsborough Road. The Fourteenth Corps had 
gone to the left. Rolling country, better looking, and 
more thicldy settled. On the 21st, on the road at ten, 
A.M., with wagons; division in the rear. Marched 
about ten miles, through Winnsborough : camped two 
miles beyond the town. Good-looking country. For- 
agers successful ; four days' meat and one day's 
potatoes. On the 2 2d, cloudy and cold, marched 
with train, at ten, a.m., seventeen miles over hilly 
roads, to Rocky Mount Post-office, and camped at ten, 
p.m., near branch of the Wateree River. Foragers 
brought in plenty of meat. The 23d was cloudy and 
cool. Marched at half-past six, a.m. ; crossed the 
main branch of the Wateree on pontoons, and marched 
three miles beyond. Passed General Sherman's head- 
quarters. Rained all night. 

On the 24th, rained all day. ]\Ioved at seven, a.m. ; 
went about a mile on the wrong road ; turned back and 
took another ; ran into Fifteenth and Seventeenth 
Corps; and went into camp about eleven, a.m., in a 
hollow. Lay all the rainy 25th in camp, waiting for 
movements of other troops. Lieutenant J. C. Thomp- 
son put in charge of foraging party. On the 26th, 



264 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

ready to move at nine, A.M. ; did move about five, 
P.M., in rear of wagon train. Went about seven miles 
on very muddy roads, towards Hanging-rock Post-office, 
and camped at eleven, P.M. Foraging party did not 
come in. On the 27th, fair, with slight rain in the af- 
ternoon. Marched at half-past six, a.m., to Hanging- 
rock Post-office ; crossed Hanging-rock Creek, and 
camped, having made two miles and a half. Foragers 
brought in two days' rations of meal and bacon. On 
the 28th, which was rainy, mustered for payment ; 
marched at four, p.m., with the wagons ; crossed Little 
Lynch's Creek ; made about eight miles of road, very 
bad in spots. 

March 1, rainy; marched at seven, A.M., in the 
advance of division ; crossed Lynch's Creek ; made 
about twelve miles over level, sandy roads, and 
camped. Foragers brought in mules and horses. 
On the 2d, rainy ; moved at seven, a.m., First Brigade 
in advance. Third Brigade next ; crossed Black Creek, 
and moved on Chesterfield Road to within three miles 
of that place. The advance had quite heavy skirmish- 
inof. The regiment turned off to the left of the town 
to occupy a bridge over Thompson's Creek, which, after 
some skirmishing with the enemy, was done by Captain 
Brown, Threw up rail breastworks, and held the 
position. Had marched twenty-one miles. Foragers 
came in, with plenty of meal, flour, and bacon. On 
the 3d, misty, rainy ; Captain Parker, with Com- 
panies B and G, went out on reconnoissance, and 
captured bacon, fodder, and animals. The regiment 



THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 265 

rc-crosscd the bridge, and crossed the other, camp- 
ing a mile beyond. Two men of the Thirteenth New 
Jersey were captured close by the pickets. Marched 
at three, p.m., through Chesterfield; crossed Thomp- 
son's Creek on the lower bridge ; marched about a 
mile further on the road leading to Cheraw ; heard 
that Cheraw had been taken by the right wing ; 
turned back, and camped. Discovered cotton and 
corn buried in a family graveyard. On the 4th, rainy, 
warmer; marched at three, p.m., on Sneedsboro' Road, 
seven miles, to within two miles of Peedee River, over 
roads bad in places, and camped near the line between 
North and South Carolina. Wagons brought in flour 
and hams. On the 5th, in camp ; had inspection of 
arms. Heard explosions at Cheraw. A Massachu- 
setts officer, escaped from rebel prisons, joined the 
regiment. On the 6th, a fair, cool day ; moved at 
nine, a.m. ; marched on a jilank road to Cheraw, and 
about three, p.m., into town, in column by divisions, 
with music ; rested in the main street until half-past 
eight, P.M. The delays, caused by the breaking of the 
bridge in part, were improved by making fires and get- 
ting supper, which left the town-pump without a fence, 
and Mrs. Lincoln's brother without a buggy : another 
escaped officer came into camp. In the evening, the 
regiment crossed the Peedee on a pontoon bridge, 
marched five miles on the Fayetteville Road, and 
camped an hour after midnight, having made fifteen 
miles. On the 7th, marched at seven, a.m. (Second 
Division in advance. First following) ; made about fif- 



r 



266 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEr. 

teen miles, and camped near an unfinished railway, — 
the Florence and Fayette. The sandy roads were 
good, through a rolling country, wooded with pine. 
The foragers went to Rockingham ; with others, cap- 
tured the place, and brought back bacon. The 8th 
was very rainy ; marched at eight, a.m.. First Division 
in advance (the brigade being in the rear with wagons) , 
through pine woods, thirteen miles. The Fourteenth 
Corps was on the same road, which occasioned delays ; 
but got into camp about six, p.m. 

On the 9th, rainy ; moved with wagons at seven, 
A.M., through pines, and by rosin pits. The country 
was deluged with water. Crossed swamps and the 
Lumber River ; corduroyed the road, up to the knees 
in water, and in a pelting rain, working till after dark, 
and helping the teams all night. Camped at midnight, 
short of rations, after seven miles' march. On the 
10th, rainy; marched at eight, A.M., and corduroyed; 
made eight miles, with nothing to eat. Sun came out 
about two, P.M. ; camped at six, p.m., and drew one 
day's rations of meal and fresh beef. On the 11th, cold 
and fair; started at half-past eleven, a.m., on a forced 
march for Fayetteville ; the first nine miles of road were 
bad, and encumbered by trains to be passed ; the last 
ten, on a plank road, were made without a halt. When 
within two miles of Fayetteville, it was learned that 
the town had been occupied by the right wing ; and a 
little past nine, p.m., the regiment camped. Foragers 
came in with plenty of meal and some meat, and men 
were grinding more meal at a mill. 



THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 267 

On the 12th, remained in camp. A tug-boat came 
up the Cape-Fear River, and communication was again 
established with the North, which had been suspended 
since Feb. 1. Had a day's rations of hard bread, 
coffee, and sugar. 

On the 13th, the regiment passed through Fayette- 
ville, with music, in review before Generals Sherman 
and Slocum. Crossed the Cape-Fear Elver on pon- 
toons, marched on plank road, and camped four miles 
from the river. On the 14th, — a beautiful day, — re- 
mained in camp until about noon, when the Second 
and the Thirteenth New Jersey were sent out under 
Lieutenant-Colonel Morse to get forage. The Third 
Brigade of the Third Division, some distance in ad- 
vance, had some skirmishing. Colonel Morse sent 
out parties twice on side roads ; started back about 
seven, p.m., and made the nine miles of return without 
■a halt, bringing in the wagons loaded with corn and fod- 
der ; and Captain Parker put a mill in running order. 

On the 15th, a cloudy, rainy day; marched about 
ten miles on a plank road to a church, but not to use 
it. Found Kilpatrick's Cavalry occupying the road, 
and went into camp in a very ancient graveyard. But 
at eight, p.m., the brigade was ordered out, in the dark- 
ness and rain, to move on in support of the cavalry. 
At Kilpatrick's request. General Slocum had ordered 
out a brigade to hold a line of bai'ricades. Went on, 
over execrable roads, five miles, and found the cavalry 
in position. Relieved one brigade of these ; went into 
position, and bivouacked in face of the enemy and in mud. 



268 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Hardee, " in retreating from Fayetteville, had halted 
in the narrow swampy neck between Cape Fear and 
South Rivers in the'hope of holding Sherman there, in 
order to save time for the concentration of Johnson's 
armies at some point in his rear."^ General Slocum 
was ordered to dislodge him, that the army might have 
the use of the Goldsborough Road. The Twentieth 
Corps had the advance. The First Division was on the 
right, and Ward's next : on the left, were two divisions 
of the Fourteenth Corps. The enemy were in force, 
and well posted, with defences. 

The share of the Second in the engagement of that 
day was this: The brigade (the Second on the left), 
supported on the flanks by cavalry, moved forward at 
seven, a.m., with skirmishers well thrown out, and 
advanced on the enemy. The rebel skirmishers were 
driven in, after a decided resistance ; and the brigade 
took position across the main road to Black-river" 
Cross-roads, near the edge of an open field, in swampy, 
wooded ground, with skirmishers well advanced. The 
brigade was alone, except the cavalry. The most ad- 
vanced part of the army was four miles back. The 
enemy threw superior forces on this point ; and, with 
artillery and infantry, repeatedly attempted to foi'ce 
back the line. All their efforts failed, in attacks of two 
hours. In that fight, the gallant Grafton was killed ; 
three, enlisted men killed, and nine wounded. 

Captain Grafton had gone out with two small com- 

1 Sherman and his Campaigns, p. 368. 



THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 



269 



panics, had gone out to relieve skirmishers. The 

enemy were striving hard to press back the line. Cap- 
tain Grafton was wounded in the leg, and started for 
the rear ; but, still anxious that the line be held, turned 
back to the skirmishers. He was instantly struck in 
the neck by a bullet, and staggered back to the line, 
where he died immediately. 

The ammunition of the brigade being exhausted, 
General Cogswell's Brigade relieved it. He afterwards 
pushed the enemy a mile and a half, out of two lines of 
breastworks and into the third and last, fighting until 
dark ; losing twice as many men as any other brigade 
in the corps. 

While this was going on, tlie Third Brigade (in 
which was the Second) was transferred to the right ; 
and vigorously attacked, driving the enemy steadily for 
a mile, and into another line of works. The brigade 
suffered considerably at this point, but held its position 
in front of the enemy, until subsequently replaced by a 
portion of the Fourteenth Corps. It was in this fight 
that Lieutenant Storrow of the Second, aide to General 
Cogswell, was killed ; and Lieutenant-Colonel Morse, 
commanding the regiment, disabled by a serious wound 
in the shoulder. The command devolved upon Cap- 
tain Brown. Two more enlisted men were killed, 
and seven wounded. The casualties during the day 
were these ; Captain Grafton and. Lieutenant Storrow, 
killed; Lieutenant-Colonel Morse wounded. Of en- 
listed men, — Bearing, of B; Corporal Murray and 
Newman, of C ; Corporal Parker, of F ; and Serjeant 



270 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Wilson, of I, were killed. Mortally wounded, — Yitz, 
of B ; and Regan (T.), of F ; wounded, not mortally, 
- — Corporal Coethan, Smith (H.), and Moro, of A; 
Peterson (A. S.), Smith (James), and Serjeant Reu- 
ben Smith, of B ; Corporal McAuley, and Riley, of 
E; Gilbert of F; Frey and McNamara, of G; 
Hutchinson and Johnson, of I ; and Corporal Mcin- 
tosh, of K. 

The Second, though sadly few, — only one hundred 
and forty-one carried into action, — had acted as be- 
came its unsullied fame. 

Says "The Story of the Great March," by Major 
Nichols, aide to General Sherman : — 

" Captain Grafton of this division (Second Massachu- 
chusetts Regiment) was among the killed. He was a gal- 
lant officer and a courteous gentleman. He could not have 
found a nobler death, nor could we have lost a nobler soul. 

" The Second and Thirty-third Massachusetts Regiments 
are the only representatives of the glorious Bay State in our 
army. A nobler record of heroic deeds may never be found 
than in the history of the Second. On its roll of fame may 
be found, among the names of the dead in honorable battle, 
Shaw, Dvviglit, Savage, Grafton, Storrow, and others ; arid, 
to-day, the living heroes are models of chivalric soldiers, the 
pride of their comrades." 

Upon being relieved, the regiment moved to the right 
and rear, and camped in close column by divisions. 

On the 17th, orders were to be in readiness to move 
at five, A.M., but at daylight it was found that the 
enemy had disappeared. At eleven, a.m., moved out 
on the road, and lay by the roadside until late in the after- 



THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 271 

noon. The Fourteenth Corps was passing. General 
Slocura also passed, stopping to speak with the men. 
About dark, moved on ; and camped, after having made 
three miles. INIen short of rations, but had an issue of 
fresh beef. On the 18th, a fair, warm day ; marched 
at seven, a.m., tlie brigade in advance. The train of 
wounded followed the division. Forded Black River, 
and crossed another considerable stream on a bridge. 
Made about ten miles towards Goldsborough, pulling 
down fences, and crossing bogs. The foragers brought 
in about two days' rations of meat and meal : they had 
an affiiir with the rebels at a grist-mill, captured it, 
and run it. 

On the 19th, moved before daylight, the brigade in 
advance ; the roads bad in spots, and the regiment did 
a good deal of corduroying. About noon, heard quick 
artillery-firing. A division of the Fourteenth Corps 
had encountered rebel cavalry, and driven them as 
usual. But the head of the column found its progress 
impeded by infantry and artillery. The enemy attacked 
the £tdvanced guard, and gained a temporary advantage. 
General Slocum found the enemy in great force. John- 
ston had moved with great rapidity, concentrated all 
the troops at his command upon the left flank, and 
suddenly attacked furiously, in the hope of beating the 
advanced divisions before the other columns came up. 
Slocum then promptly deployed the two divisions of the 
Fourteenth Corps, and ordered up the two divisions of 
the Twentieth. The first division was pushed rapidly 
forward, and the brigade was formed in rear of the 



272 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Fourteenth Corps ; but soon — with both divisions — was 
moved to the left, and fprmed on the left of the Twen- 
tieth Corps. The Second was on the left of the road, 
facing northward ; and both divisions threw up works. 
The brigade was moved several times, but finally 
returned to its flank position, and completed the works 
begun. Kilpatrick came up at the sound of the artil- 
lery, and massed on the left. The enemy, comprising 
the forces of Hoke, Hardee, and Cheatham, under 
Johnston himself, made six distinct assaults, but were 
as steadily repulsed. This was the battle of Benton- 
ville. 

It was the last action of the Second Massachusetts. 

The foragers came in : they had been in rear of the 
enemy, and brought in ham and beans. The regiment 
had marched eight miles. 

The night had alarms. On the 20th, remained cut- 
ting timber, and strengthening the position. Pickets 
were twice advanced. The corps of the other wing 
coming up, had some successful fighting ; and, by after- 
noon, a complete and strong line of battle confronted 
the enemy's intrenched position ; and Johnston, instead 
of taking Sherman's army in detail, was again on the 
defensive. 

Three days' rations of coffee, sugar, hard bread, and 
bacon, were worth recording. 

On the 21st, there were various orders to move, but 
all countermanded. The Third Division pickets came 
in firing, and raised a needless alarm. Cut trees in 
the swamp, and continued to strengthen the position. 



THROUGH THE CAROLINAS. 273 

There was skirmishing from right to left ; and, on the 
rie:ht, some severe fiahtino;. Sherman had no need of 
a battle, and pressed only with skirmishers, and some 
artillery, feeling the flanks which were covered by 
swamps. All th? afternoon the rain fell, sometimes in 
torrents. That day, the wounded in the corps hospital, 
including Lieutenant-Colonel Morse, were sent to 
Goldsborough. 

On the 22d, at one, a.m., all wagons and pack- 
animals were ordered to Cox's Bridge, under escort of 
the One Hundred and Second New York, and the 
troops were to move at half past five, a.m. ; but, after 
daylight, the enemy were discovered to have left. 
Johnston had crossed jSIill Creek, and burnt the bridges. 
The Second left its works at nine, a.m., an^ moved by 
cross-roads to Cox's Bridge ; roads were bad, and much 
corduroying was necessary. After dark, marched rapid- 
ly, and camped about ten, p.m., in a sandy field near 
a creek, where the wagons were waiting, but the pack- 
mules had mostly crossed. Had made thirteen miles. 

On the 23d, moved at nine, a.m. ; road bad, halted 
several hours on the banks of the Neuse, crossed on 
two pontoon bridges ; had made thirteen miles, when 
camped two miles from the bridge, towards Goldsbor- 
ough. Enemy's cavalry on left flank. 

At about one, a.m., on the 24th, all wagons and 
pack-animals were sent forward to Goldsborough. 
Marched at seven, a.m. ; passed through the Twenty- 
third Corps ; through Goldsborough in column by 

divisions, with music; passed Generals Sherman and 

18 



274 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEY. 

'Slocum ; went out of the town, and partly round it, 
and camped on the Weldon Railway, about two miles 
northeast of the town. The army had reached sea 
communications again, and the campaign was ended. 



NORTHWARD. 275 



XXI. 

NORTHWARD. 

On the 25th day of March, 1865, General Sherman's 
congratulatory order was published, and read to the 
troops. 

A few weeks were to be spent in comparative rest, 
and refitting the troops for the spring campaign. The 
camps of the brigade were laid out in regular order ; 
houses to be made of logs, seven feet by ten, and three 
and a half high, covered each by four pieces of shelter 
tent. Water was plenty, but the men were out of 
rations on the 25th. 

On the 2 7 til. Sergeant Toombs was mustered as first 
lieutenant. On the 27th, some clothing was received. 
The men worked on their quarters. Regular rations 
were issued, for the first time since the campaign began. 
On the 28th, went out with the Thirteenth New Jersey 
for forage ; took the Kingston Road, and marched to 
about twenty miles from Goldsborough ; filled the fifty 
wagons with corn and fodder, returned four miles, and 
bivouacked. Started next morning for camp, which 
was reached at three, p.m. ; and drew three days' 
rations. Drew clothing on the oOth ; and so^vp was 



276 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY. 

issued, the first since the campaign from Savannah 
opened. On the 31st, extra animals were turned in. 
Hospital-Steward Root, who had served in various 
capacities from the beginning, was transferred to the 
regular army. April 2 witnessed a dress parade. 

On the 3d of April, General Mower was appointed 
to the command of the Twentieth Corps, thus returning 
General Williams to the division. General Williams 
had commanded from Atlanta, bravely and wisely. 
The "left wing" was now transformed into the "Army 
of Georgia." The " Sanitary " was again found in the 
Second, — in the shape of pickles. 

General Mower reviewed the division on the 5th. 
Clothing was issued to complete the new outfit. 

At Goldsborough, morning drills were had in skir- 
mishing ; other movements in afternoons. The Second 
was to be itself to the last. 

On the 6th of April, the welcome news of the taking 
of Richmond were received, and read to the command. 
The end was drawing nigh. 

"The next objective," said General Sherman, "is to 
place this array, with its full equipment, north of the 
Roanoke River, facing west, ... .in full communication 
with the Army of the Potomac." 

So, on the 7th, orders were received to have ten days' 
rations on hand, "to last thirty;" in wagons, fifteen 
days' coffee, five days' sugar, and twenty days' salt ; in 
the hands of the men, one a half days' salt meat (to last 
three days) , thi'ee days' hard bread, ten days' sugar, and 
the same of salt and coffee. 



NORTHWARD. 277 

On the 9th, Captains Phalcn and Mehan returned. 
It was thought best by brigade and higher commanders 
to send some officers on recruiting service ; the number 
of men was greatly reduced, and out of all proportion 
to that of officers. Captains Brown, Oakey, Crownin- 
shicld, Parker, Comey, and Perkins, Adjutant Fox and 
Lieutenant G. J. Thompson, were therefore detailed on 
this service. The regiment was temporarily consoli- 
dated into two companies, under command of Captain 
Phalen. 

On the 10th, the new movement began. The head 
of every column was in motion. The regiment marched 
at half past five, a.m., through Goldsborough, and on 
the Smithfield Road. Some skirmishing took place, and 
the brigade moved for some distance in line of battle. 
Camped at five, p.m., after a march of fourteen mi^es. 
On the 11th, a light rain; marched at eleven o'clock, 
A.M. ; camped at six, p.m., about half a mile from 
Smithfield, having marched twelve miles. On the 12th, 
marched through Smithfield ; crossed the Neuse on pon- 
toons about eight, A.M. ; camped at six, P.M., after a 
hard march of sixteen miles, crossing Swift Creek. On 
the 13th, moved at five, a.m., in a rain; the regi- 
ment was in advance. Marched very fast, entered Ral- 
eigh at noon without opposition. Camped just outside 
of the city, the weather becoming fine. On the 
14th, drew two days' rations, "to last five ; " received 
orders to forage on the country, and a detail of twenty 
men was organized under Lieutenant J. C. Thompson. 
On the 15th, the regiment moved out, at half past six, 



278 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

A.M., in a very heavy rain, but after going a few rods 
was ordered back again. The orders to forage on the 
country were also countermanded ; commissaries were 
to issue full rations. Circumstances were changed. 

The news of the battles about Petersburg, and of the 
evacuation of Richmond, had reached General Sherman 
on the 6th of April. No longer needing to strike 
between Lee and Johnston, he had followed the latter. 
On the 12th, he heard of the surrender of Lee at 
Appomattox. He then planned to so move as to strike 
Johnston from the south. "I am anxious," wrote he, 
"to prevent his escape towards Georgia." But on the 
14th, General Sherman received a communication from 
Johnston, under a flag of truce, requesting an armis- 
tice, and a statement of the best terms on which he 
could be permitted to surrender. " This is," said Sher- 
man, " the beginning of the end." 

It was this note which arrested the march of the 
Second on the morning of the 15th ; and, so far as war 
was concerned, arrested it for ever. 

On the 17th of April, came the news of the assassina- 
tion of President Lincoln. 

On the 20th, the suspension of hostilities was an- 
nounced. On the 22d, the corps was reviewed by 
General Sherman, in Raleigh. On the 25th, moved at 
seven, a.m., marching thirteen miles southwest, to John's 
Cross-roads, returning to the old camp on the 28th. 
Captain Thayer, with thirty-four recruits, came to the 
regiment on the 25th. The men were put on half 
rations, and a forage party of twenty organized under 



NORTHWARD. 279 

Lieutenant J. C. Thompson. The party came In on 
the 28th, fully mounted, with meal. 

On the 29th, orders came announcing the surrender 
of Johnston, and that the troops were to march to 
Washington to be mustered out. The war had ended. 

The march to "Washington began the next day. On 
the 30th, the regiment moved at five, a.m. ; passed 
through Raleigh in column, by platoons ; crossed the 
Neuse at Mantua ISIills, and camped about a mile from the 
river, having marched fourteen miles. The next day, 
marched sixteen miles, in rear of trains, and camped 
near Tau River. On the 2d of May, crossed Tau 
River, marched on a fine road twenty miles, and 
camped two miles from Williamsborough. On the 3d, 
marched through Williamsborough, made twelve miles • 
on a good road, and camped ; ordered out at half past 
five, P.M. ; marched three miles, crossed the Roanoke on 
pontoons, and camped about a mile from the State line. 
On the 4th, marched at seven, a.m., and were soon in 
Virginia, — the first time since Sept. 27, 1863. The 
road was dusty. Crossed Meherrin River about five, 
P.M., and camped about two miles beyond, having 
marched twenty -two miles. On the 5th, moved at 
half past eight, a.m. ; crossed Flat-rock Creek about 
noon ; made seventeen miles, and camped half a mile 
from Xottaway River. May 6, crossed the Nottaway and 
Little Xottaway ; the Richmond and Petersburg Rail- 
way, at Black and AVhite Station, about noon ; passed 
some of the Sixth Corps in camp ; and camped, after 



280 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS ESTFANTRY. 

fourteen miles of march, near Mills Station. Marched 
on the 7th, in advance of the division ; crossed the 
Appomattox River on pontoon bridge about noon ; had 
made tw^enty-one miles, and camped near Clover Hill. 
On the 8th, moved at half past six, a.m. ; passed 
through Clover Hill ; crossed Svs^ift Creek about noon, 
and Fallin Creek at three, p.m., and camped north of 
it. On the 9th, marched, ten, a.m. ; went three miles, 
and camped on a creek. In camp on the 10th. 

On the 11th day of May, moved at ten, a.m., the 
First Division in advance. Passed through Manches- 
ter at half past eleven o'clock. Crossed the James 
River, and entered Richmond. 

The regiment had established its first camp in Massa- 
chusetts, on the 11th day of May, 1861. It entered 
Richmond on the 11th day of May, 1865. Of the 
officers of Camp Andrew, four remained. Of the thou- 
sand men, less than a hundred. The march of four 
years had been lined with graves. 

The regiment marched through Richmond in column 
by platoons. Five miles beyond, it camped on Brook 
Creek. 

The Chickahominy was crossed on the 12th, at Bower 
Bridge. Passed through Ashland Station at noon. 
Crossed the Fredericksburg Railway ; the South Anna 
at three, p.m., and camped a mile beyond, having made 
fifteen miles over a hard road. Crossed New Found 
River on the 13th ; the Little Anna, at eleven, a.m. ; 
the Gordonsville and Richmond Railway at one, p.m. ; 
and camped a mile from the North Anna, after a march 



NORTHWARD. 281 

of fifteen miles. On tlie 14th, crossed the North Anna 
on pontoons ; passed through Chilesburg ; crossed the 
Ta River and the Po on pontoons ; and camped, after 
eighteen miles, two miles from Spottsylvania Court- 
house. 

On the 15th, passed through Spottsylvania ; halted 
for two hours on the old Chancellorsville battle-ground, 
memorable to the regiment for the 3d of May, 18G3 ; 
reached Rappahannock River, and camped on its banks, 
having marched fifteen miles. On the 16th, crossed 
the river on pontoons at United-States Ford, where it 
crossed May 6, 1863 ; passed Hartwood Church at ten, 
A.M., and camped after fifteen miles' march. Crossed 
Cedar Run on the 17th, and made twelve miles. On 
the 18th, was at Brentsville at six, A.M. ; at Bull Run, 
at noon ; at Fairfax Station, at five, p.m., and camped a 
mile and a half onward, after a march of eighteen miles. 
On the 19th, after fifteen miles' march, camped near 
Cloud's Mills, about three miles from Alexandria. 
Colonel Morse returned, and took command. On the 
20th, Captain Brown resigned, — the war being ended, 
— with a brave and faithful record. The officers de- 
tailed on recruiting service returned, and about forty 
men who had been absent from wounds or disease. 

The regiment remained here until the 24th. On 
that day, the Army of Georgia and the Army of Ten- 
nessee passed in review at Washington. 

After the review, the regiment went into campatBla- 
densburgh. On the 28th, two recruits were received. 
On the 29th, the camp was named Camp Slocum. 



282 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY. 

Sergeant-Major Miles had been mustered as first lieu- 
tenant in April ; in June, James Hanning; and also in 
June, Sergeant George W. Morse. It was the last 
promotion. 

On the 6th of June, General Hawley published his 
farewell order to the brigade. 

On the 7th, the Twentieth Corps was broken up. 
General Williams published his farewell order to the 
division. The Second was transferred to General 
Bartlett's Division of the District of Washington ; and 
brigaded with the Forty-sixth Pennsylvania, Fifth Con- 
necticut, and One Hundred and Forty-third New York, 
— numbered the Second Brigade. 

The friends of many campaigns were parted. Be- 
tween no organizations could the parting have been 
more painful, though glorious, than between the Second 
Massachusetts and the noble Third Wisconsin. Before 
separating, this found formal expression in the following 
papers : — 

Second Massachusetts Infantry, Camp Slocum, 
NEAR Washington, D.C, June 4, 1865. 

We, the undersigned, officers of the Second Massachusetts 
Infantry, wish to express to the officers of the Third Wis- 
consin Infantry our heartfelt regret, that the fortunes of the 
service are about to separate our respective organizations. 

From the campaign of 1862, in the Shenandoah Valley, 
to the present glorious close of this bloody war, we have 
fought and marched side by side with you in almost every 
rebellious State. To have been brigaded together for so 
long a time is in itself remarkable ; no less so is it that 
between our two regiments there should have always existed 



NORTHWARD. 



283 



such strong feelings of frienilship and mutual regard, un- 
tiuged by the slightest shadow of jealousy. 

As we recall, now, some of the hard positions we have 
been in, we cannot help remembering how often our anxiety 
was lessened by the knowledge that the old Third Wisconsin 
was close at hand to support us. We know that you have 
had the same thoughts about us. Nothing in this whole war 
will be pleasantcr for us all to look l)ack upon than this feel- 
ing of mutual respect and reliance. It not only elevated the 
tone of both of our regiments; but, we honestly believe, it 
went a great way towards making our brigade and division 
what they are now acknowledged to be, — among the very 
best organizations of the army. 

We assure you that in our own State, wherever the Second 
Massachusetts is known, its brother regiment is also fomous. 
Whenever any of us have been at home, among the first 
inquiries would be, " How is the Third Wisconsin ? " It has 
been with pride that we have answered, " It is the same 
staunch old regiment that fought at Antietam and Chan- 
cellorsville." 

These are not compliments, but expressions of plain, 
honest feelings. We have been knit together by deeds, not 
Avords ; deeds, which, as time goes on, we shall look back 
upon with continually increasing pride. 

Together we have shared dangers and hardships, victories 
and defeats, and it is hard now for us to part ; but, in the 
natural order of things, the war being over, you go towards 
your homes in the West, we stay near ours in the East. 
Let us not, however, though separated by thousands of 
miles, forget those old associations. Let us rather cherish 
them with our fondest recollections : let it be a story to hand 
down to our children and children's children, how the Second 
Massachusetts and Third Wisconsin fought shoulder to 
shoulder through the great rebellion, and achieved together 
glory and renown. We ask you to accept this testimonial as 



284 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

a slight evidence of our affection and esteem. We bid you 
farewell, and God bless you, one and all. 

C. F. Morse, Lieutenant- Colonel, com. 

James Francis, Major. 

C. E. MuNN, Surgeon. 

JoHX A. Fox, Adjutant. 

E. A. Howes, Quartermaster. 

Captains. — Daniel Oakey, F. W. Crowninshield, E. A. 
Phalen, George A. Thayer, Theodore K. Parker, Dennis 
Mehan, Henry N. Comey, William E. Perkins. 

First Lieutenants. — George J. Thompson, Jesse Richard- 
son, Moses P. Richardson, William T. McAlpine, Jed. C. 
Thompson, William D. Toombs. 

Third Wisconsin V. V. Infantky, Camp Slocum, 
NEAR Washington, D.C, June 7, 1865. 

To the Officers of the Second Massachusetts Veteran Volunteer 
Infantry. 

The undersigned, officers of the Third Wisconsin Veteran 
Volunteer Infantry, tender their heartfelt thanks for your 
friendly communication of the 4th inst. It was with min- 
gled feelings of pride and pleasure, not, however, unmixed 
with pain, that we perused it, — pride at being thus associa- 
ted with a regiment, which, by patient endurance, good 
discipline, and unflinching bravery, has won for itself so 
honorable a name as the Second Massachusetts ; pleasui'e at 
the thought, that, even amid the stirring scenes of active war, 
the finer attributes of humanity are not forgotten, and that 
friendship, one of the noblest sentiments of the soul, still 
asserts her claims ; pain at the recollections of the many 
gallant and brave whose names have been associated with 
yours in the great struggle now happily terminated, but who 
have given their lives for a country they loved so well. 

That "every rose has its thorn" was never more apparent 
to us than now. While in the toil and suffering of our 



NORTinVAUD. 285 

active campaigns, we have looked forward witli unmixed joy 
to the time when the angel of peace should once more spread 
her wings over the land, and we should return home to enjoy 
the sweets of social and civil life ; but now tliat the hour is 
at hand when we must say farewell to those witli whom we 
have been so long associated in the service of our common 
country, when we must join the parting hand with you, our 
companions and brothers in arms, our joy is mingled with 
sadness, and our smiles with tears. 

We accept your communication, not only as a manifesta- 
tion of personal regard, but also as a fraternal greeting from 
the East to the West, which, rising superior to local jealousies 
and factious strife, and remembering only the mingled dust 
of our dead on many battle-fields, and the common country 
for which they sacrificed their all, proclaims us, in heart and 
in country, one and inseparable. 

In parting we assure you, that, highly as we prize this 
expression of sentiment towards us, and sacredly as we will 
preserve it as the highest honor yet received, it is not needed 
in order to secure remembrance. 

The ineffaceable pictures of the past, deeply engraven in 
our hearts, and lit up by the eternal flame of friendship, will 
ever keep the Second Massachusetts Veteran Volunteer 
Infantry prominent among our pleasing memories in the 
future. 

Wishing you all success and happiness, and Heaven's best 
blessing, we bid you farewell. 

We are, brothers, yours fraternally, 

George W. Stevenson, Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Warham Parks, Major. 

J. G. CoxLY, Surgeon. 

T. J. KoPF, Assistant-Surgeon. 

A. C. Gaylor, Adjutant. 

I. T. Marvin, Quartermaster. 

Isaac E. Springer, Chajjlain. 



286 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Captains. — Ralph Van Brunt, I. N. Hinkley, N. Daniels, 

E. Giddings, A. D. Haskins, C. R. Barrager, J. Woodford, 
John M. Schweers, John E. Kleven. 

First Lieutenants. — Stephen Lawrence, Oliver A. Hegg, 
J. D. Goodrich, John Agnew, John B. Du Bois, Abner 
Hubbell, J. D. Babcock, William W. Freeman, George H. 
Gutter. 

Second Lieutenants. — E. V. Moran, Lewis Colby, Edwin 

F. Proctor, Eben G. Beers, David Clark, A. S. Hill. 

In publishing these letters, the "Wisconsin State 
Journal," of June 15, 1865, said : — 

The Second Massachusetts and the Third Wisconsin 
Infantry have fought in the same brigade, side by side, 
throughout the war. Among the earliest regiments in the 
field, they first saw active service under Banks, in the Shen- 
andoah Valley. When Stonewall Jackson, with his usual 
force of '"''forty thousand men," fell upon Banks, these two 
regiments covered the rear, and bore the brunt of the fight- 
ing. They stood together at Cedar Mountain, under the 
withering cross-fire of the enemy, when the noble Crane laid 
down his life for his country. They fought at Antietam and 
Gettysburg and Chancellorsville. Subsequently transferred 
to the West, they formed a part of that invincible column, 
which under Sherman hewed its way through the central 
mountain fastnesses of the South, and poured down, an irre- 
sistible torrent, through Georgia and the Carolinas. Both 
regiments were among those that re-enlisted for the war. 

We remember a conversation had, about a year ago, with 
an officer of the Third, respecting the comparative merits of 
Eastern and Western troops. He had served in the Army 
of the Potomac and at the West, and had therefore large 
opportunities for seeing and judging upon the subject. The 
best troops in the service, the steadiest, bravest, and most 



NORTHWARD. 



287 



trustworthy, he said, were those from New Englaud and the 
Northwest. . . . He spoke particuhirly of the Second Massa- 
chusetts as a specimen of New-Eughmd troops ; and said, 
that, when the Third Wisconsin was first brigaded with them, 
our Wisconsin boys conceived a strong antipathy against 
them. The Massachusetts men were fitted up in the height 
of military style. They had the finest tents and wagons in 
the service, their uniforms were of the best material, they 
wore white gloves on parade ; and our Wisconsin boys looked 
upon them as a set of dandies and counter-jumpers who 
would take tp their heels at the first approach of actual dan- 
ger. By and by the hour of trial came. Stonewall Jackson 
launched his thunderbolt upon Banks's little army. And lo ! 
while most of the troops were hastening out of harm's way, 
there were the brawny boys of the old Third, and those 
" white-gloved fellows " of the Second Massachusetts, side 
by side, hanging stubbornly at the rear, their hearts swollen 
with rage, covering the retreat, contesting every inch of 
ground, °aud chastening the exultant foe with terrible punish- 
ment from their well-aimed muskets. After that, said the 
officer, there was no further distrust or contempt on either 
side between the Third Wisconsin and the Second Massachu- 
setts, but mutual good-will, affection, and pride in each other, 
which were only increased as they became better acquainted, 
under yet severer trials. 

These two glorious old regiments have recently been 
parted, the Third Wisconsin being ordered west, and the 
Second I^Iassachusetts retained on duty at the east. Prior 
to parting, the Massachusetts regiment drew up and signed a 
letter to°the Third Wisconsin, expressing the sentiments 
which they felt upon parting. This, together with the 
response of the Third, has been forwarded to us for publica- 
tion. 



288 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



XXI. 



THE END. 



The Second remained in Washington until July 14. 
It was on duty, furnishing patrols, and stationary 
guards in various parts of the city. On the 12th of 
July, orders having come for muster-out, Lieutenant- 
Colonel Morse issued the following : — 

Headquakters Second Mass. Infantkt. 
Washington, D.C, July 12, 1865. 

General Orders, No. 26. 

To the Officers and 3Ien of the Second Massachusetts Infantry. 

The Lieutenant-Colonel commanding takes this, his last, 
opportunity to tender to you his congratulations, that, after 
more than four years of hard service, you are enabled again 
to go to your homes, and resume your peaceful avocations. 

A brief review of your history in this regiment cannot 
fail now to interest you. 

At the very outbreak of the late rebellion, the Second 
Massachusetts Infantry was organized. Its first year of 
service was not an eventful one, and it only became famous 
for its good discipline and appearance. 

In the campaign of 1862, it had a more distinguished part 
to act. On the night of May 24, your regiment, by its 
steadiness and bravery, beat back greatly superior forces of 
the enemy, and saved Banks's little army from total destruc- 



THE END. 289 

tion. All of honor that can be associated with the disastrous 
retreat of the next day certainly belongs to you. Next came 
Cedar Mountain : there, with the same determined bravery, 
this regiment faced and fought three times its numbers ; and, 
in twenty minutes, lost more than one-third of its enlisted 
men, and more than one-half of its officers. Antietam, 
Chaucellorsville, Beverly Ford, Gettysburg, and the great 
campaigns of the West, with their numerous battles and 
skirmishes, followed in quick succession ; and the war ended, 
leaving with you a most brilliant and- satisfactory record, — 
a record of courage, gallantry, and tenacity in battle, of 
unflinching steadiness in defeat, of good discipline in camp, 
and of respect and prompt obedience to all superiors : this is 
the record which you can take to your homes, and it is known 
and acknowledged throughout the length and breadth of your 
State. 

The Lieutenant-Colonel commanding does most sincerely 
congratulate you Avho are now left in this command on havin"- 
passed safely through this great struggle, which has termi- 
nated so gloriously. He feels sure that no one of you will 
ever regret your part in this war. As long as you live, and 
whatever your future in life may be, you will think of your 
soldier's career with the greatest pride and satisfaction : its 
hardships and sufferings, its dangers and glories, have made 
you all nobler, better, and more self-reliant men. 

It will not be with pleasui'e alone, that you recall the events 
of the past four years. With sadness you will bring to mind 
the appearance of this regiment as it marched out of Camp 
Andrew, July 8, 1861; and will think how many of the noblest 
and best officers and men then comprising it now fill sol- 
diers' graves. You will cherish the memories of these gallant 
men ; and, though you lament their loss, you will remember 
that they died in battle, bravely doing their duty, fighting for 
their country and the right ; and you will thank God, when 
you look about you, and see peace restored to this entire 

19 



290 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

country, that the sacrifice of their lives has not been in 
vain. 

The Lieutenant-Colonel commanding thanks you for your 
adherence to your duties, and your fidelity to him, since he 
has had the honor to command you. He assures you, that, in 
taking leave of this old organization, he feels more pain than 
pleasure : he has been with it since its first existence, has 
shared its dangers, privations, and glories ; and now that it 
has devolved upon him to write these words of farewell he 
does so with unfeigned regret. 

In conclusion, he hopes that the lessons taught by this war 
will exert a beneficial influence on your future lives, and that 
you may become good citizens and worthy members of 
society. C. F. Morse, 

Lieut. Col.y Coin. Second Mass. Infantry. 

(OFFICIAL.) 

On the 14tli of July, the men were mvistered out of 
service, although not to be discharged until in camp in 
Massachusetts. 

On the 15th, it started by rail for home. At New 
York, it was received and hospitably entertained by Col- 
onel Howe, the agent for New-England troops. It 
called also on General Hooker, and received a cordial 
welcome. It had been in New York twice before, 
once on the 9th of July, 1861, when it stacked arms 
in City-hall Park, a thousand and forty strong. It 
came back, a remnant, but victorious : it had then its 
thirty-eight field, staff, and line officers. On the 16th 
of July, 1865, Brigadier-General Cogswell, Lieutenant- 
Colonel Morse, and Major Francis were the sole offi- 
cers of that thirty-eight stiU holding commissions in the 
organization. 



THE END. 291 

The regiment proceeded by the Neptune line of 
steamers and the Providence Railway to lieadville, 
Mass., where it went into camp, waiting to be paid off 
and finally discharged. Its friends hoped that they 
might give it a worthy reception in Boston ; but, to 
their great disappointment, although all possible efforts 
were made, the orders of the War Department would not 
permit the regiment to go to that city, lieadville was 
a barren and dull place to men who had served their 
country so long, and who were impatient to reach home. 
But the delay was borne well. It is due to them to say, 
on the authority of Brigadier-General Pierce who was 
in charge of that camp, that, though without guards or 
arras, the men of the Second, as obedient as ever to 
duty, gave no trouble. 

Various complimentary promotions were made by the 
Governor: Lieutenant - Colonel Charles F. Morse to 
be colonel. Major James Francis to be lieutenant- 
colonel, Captain Francis AY. Crowninshield to be 
major, Fu'st Lieutenant Jesse Richardson to be cap- 
tain, A. AV. Emerson to be first lieutenant ; and 
Quartermaster-Sergeant Thomas B. Thurston, First Ser- 
geants Charles Hastings, Leander G. Bowley, Charles 
Edwards, Edwin Harlow, Samuel S. Jepson, Charles 
II. lieald, Charles O. McKinstry, Andrew Voll, and 
Commissary-Sergeant David Casey, as second lieuten- 
ants. But the reduced force of the regiment did not 
allow them to be mustered as such into the United- 
States service. But several officers were bre vetted in 
the volunteer service by the President : Lieutenant- 



292 SECOND BIASSACHUSETTS IKFANTRY. 

Colonel Morse as colonel, Major Francis as lieutenant- 
colonel, to date from March 13, 1865. 

The last order was issued — 

Headquarters Second Mass. Infantry, 
Readville, Mass. July 19, 1865. 

Company commanders will turn over all ordnance and 
ordnance stores in their possession to an agent of Major 
Rodman, Superintendent of Watertown Arsenal. 
By command of 

Lieutenant-Colonel C. F. Morse. 
John A. Fox, Adjutant. 

The arms were useless now. The war was ended. 
On the 26th daj^ of July, 1865, the men broke ranks 
for ever. The Second Massachusetts had passed into 
history. 



On the 22d day of December, 1865, the colors 
of the Second, with the colors of all the Massachu- 
setts troops, were deposited in the State House. 
Fifty men of the regiment, under Major Francis, 
escorted them to their resting place. No names of 
battles were ever inscribed upon the battle-flag. Its 
pierced and torn folds, riddled by shot and shell, silently 
tell its story. 

On the 11th day of May, 1866, some of the com- 
rades went to the old ground of Camp Andrew. It 
was the fifth anniversary of the forming of that camp. 
They paused at the familiar entrance where the guard 



THE END. 293 

Imd once challenged the visitor. The house was un- 
changed since the sentinel had ceased to walk his post 
before headquarters. The marks of the little trenches 
about the first tents, the rains had not yet washed away. 
Here and there were found a few scraps of decayed can- 
vas, and slight remnants of tent-pins. The flag-staff 
still stood, from which no flag had floated since the 
summer day when the banner of the Second left it. 
Recollections of D wight and Sargent, of Savage, Abbott, 
Gary, Goodwin, Mudge, Williams, Sedgwick, Hill, 
Shaw, Robeson, Choate, and Perkins, — all dead for 
their country, — and of the hundreds of the brave and 
faithful in the ranks gone with them, were fresh in 
memory. The comrades plucked some bright spring 
flowers, and left the spot to silence. 



SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



THE MEN. 



I. 

THE ENLISTED MEN. 

The regimental " descriptive book," compared with the 
company books, is the basis of the following record. 
Some omissions have been supplied from the records at 
the State House. When discrepancies have been found 
between the regimental books and those in the adjutant- 
general's office, the former, except in cases of known 
error, have been followed, those books having been 
prepared and revised with great care. 

No names are included, except those found on the 
books of the regiment. Hence those of many persons 
who enlisted but never joined the regiment, — most of 
them those who enlisted for the bounty in 1804, and 
desei'ted on the road, — are not, and ought not to be, 
found in this list. They were never members of the 
regiment, although appearing upon the records at the 
State House. 

•It will be seen that these lists are in two parts : first, 
that of the men enlisting during the first term of ser- 
vice ; secondly, that of the re-enlisted men, and the 



296 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

recruits of the second term of service. The second 
term was held to begin with Jan. 1, 1864, as to the re- 
enlisted men ; but, for those not re-enlisting, their term 
ends with the three years' service, May 23, 1864, and in 
some cases later. Hence this history of the re-enlisted 
men is not completed in the first list : it will be noticed 
that the phrase " See Second Term " occurs in such 
instances. But the history of the men not re-enlisting 
goes on, in the first list, past Jan. 1, 1864, to the com- 
pletion of their term of service. 

The term " re-enlisted " is always to be understood to 
bear date, Dec. 31, 1863, except in the very few cases 
otherwise specified. The term " mustered out " invari- 
ably denotes expiration of the term of enlistment. 
" Discharged " is used only in cases where the full term 
had not expired ; and theground of discharge is always 
Sriven. The date of "muster-out" for the first term is 
conformed to that given in the adjutant-general's report, 
May 28, 1864, although, according to the decision of the 
War Department, it was May 23, 1864 ; while actually 
it was May 30, at Chattanooga, and the men were not 
discharged until June 7, — while, for whole companies, 
the three years expired May 10. The rule adopted by 
the War Department considered the original " muster- 
in " to be May 24, 1861. The ten companies were 
actually mustered in before the 20th. In the following 
lists, the actual date of enlistment is given in all known 
cases, — all before May 11, 1861, however, being 
brought to that date. The State reports give July 14, 
1865, as the day of final discharge. The papers were 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 297 

made out that day, but the men were kept in service 
and paid to July 26. The latter date is therefore 
adopted in these pages. 

The various items regarding each soldier have been 
compiled from the regimental and company descriptive- 
books, the morning report-books, the monthly returns, 
the memoranda of the writer — as to casualties — made 
upon the field, the diaries of various officers ; corrected 
by the personal information of many officers and men 
to whom all the first term's record was read, and by the 
help of some of whom it has since been continued. By 
this personal consultation, many facts were supplied, 
and discrepancies reconciled. The admirably compiled 
papers in the adjutant-general's office, have also been 
of the greatest service. 

The compiler is painfully conscious that some errors 
will be found in these pages ; but, for each item, there 
is authority, and no suspected error has passed without 
careful investigation. 



298 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



THE MEN OP THE FIRST TERM OF 
SERVICE. 



COMPANY A.i 

Aldrich, Loammi B. 25. Stanstead, C.E. Teamster. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell.^ — Detailed regimental wagoner, 

I July, 1861 ; detached as brigade wagonei*, 22 Dec., 1862. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Atkinson, Ira. 19. Sandwich, N.H. Shearer. 11 May 
1861. Lowell. — Deserted 23 June, 1861. 

Babcock, Alonzo J. 26. Norwich, Vt. "Weaver. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Transferred 21 Dec, 1861, to 
Company H ; which see. 

Bailey, James H. 19. Lowell, Mass. Operative. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in arm, 25 May, 1862, near 
Winchester. Taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors- 
ville; exchanged. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Bailey, Walter S. 19. Lowell, Mass. Calico printer. 

II May, 1861. LoweU. — Corporal, 12 Feb., 1862; ser- 

1 The usual order is reversed, and the officers' record placed last, in the 
hope of procuring additional information regarding some of the latter, prior 
to printing. 

2 For the sake of brevity, the designation of the items of the Jirst line, to 
each name, are omitted. This line, if printed in full, would read: Aldrich, 
Loammi B. Aged 25, when enlisted. Born in Stanstead, C.E. Teamster 
by occupation. Enlisted 11 May, 1861. Residence when enlisted, Lowell. 
The words in Italics are to be understood in each case; the same order 
being preserved, and ignorance of any item being denoted by points. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 299 

geant, 14 Jan., 1863. Discharged 24 April, 18G3, to re- 
ceive commission of second lieutenant in the Twenty-eighth 
Massachusetts. 

Ball, Henry C. 22. Billerica, Mass. Machinist. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in knee, 3 July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg; and died in consequence, 17 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg. 

Barker, Moses D. 31. Lowell, Me. Moulder. 14 Oct. 

1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 14 Oct., 1864. 
Bascom, Wallace. 31. Newport, N.H. Painter. 6 Aug., 

1862. Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Get- 
tysburg. 

Bassktt, Joseph C. 22. Corinna, Me. Weaver. 11 May, 

1861. Lowell. — Corporal, June, 1861. Killed in action, 
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

BiCKFORD, David. 27. Barrington, N.H. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. Tewksbury. — Detailed as regimental wag- 
oner, July, 1861, to . • . 1861: and again, 9 April, 1863, to 
26 Sept., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Blake, Charles G. 21. Brownington, Vt. Painter. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Appointed marker, August, 1862. 
Wounded in head, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; re- 
turned to duty, 10 Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Bowman, James A. 25. Tyrone, Ireland. Painter. 6 
Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1868, at 
Gettysburg; returned to duty in a few days. Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

Bowman, William. 23. Tyrone, Ireland. Moulder. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Briggs, Franklin W. 29. Sumner, Me. Carder. 7 Aug., 

1862. Lowell. — Wounded in shoulder, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg ; transferred to Invalid Corps. 

Briggs, John, jun. 37. Sumner, Me. Spinner. 7 Aug., 
1862. Lowell. — Wounded in knee-joint, 3 July, 1863, at 



300 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Gettysburg ; and died in consequence, 8 Aug., 18G3, at Get- 
tysburg. 

Bright, Henry. 27. Surrey, England. Weaver. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain. 

Brown, Daniel W. 21. Hebron, Conn. Weaver. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Detached to division ambulance 
corps, 16 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Brown, George H. 20. Lowell, Mass. Teamster. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Enlisted as regimental wagoner. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

BULLARD, William T. 37. Oxford, Mass. Shoemaker. 
18 Aug., 1862. Framingham. — Killed in action, 3 July, 
1863, at Gettysburg. 

BuLLENS, Frank M. 19. Lowell, Mass. Machinist. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 25 Oct. 
1862. 

Burns, John. 19. Sandford, England. Machinist. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in head (by shell), 24 
May, 1862, near Newtown, Va. ; returned to duty in a few 
days. Wounded in shoulder (exsection), 3 July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg ; discharged in consequence, 27 Oct., 1863. — 
(Rolls at State House say " expiration of term of service.") 

BuTTERFiELD, Dextcr. 19. Dunstable, Mass. Farmer. 
15 Oct., 1861. Dunstable. — Transferred to Company A 
from Company H, 21 Dec, 1861. Corporal, 1 Oct., 1863; 
sergeant, 1 July, 1864. Mustered out 14 Oct., 1864. 

Buxton, Frank W. 26. Londonderry. Commercial agent. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain ; and discharged in consequence, 21 
Nov., 1862. 
Buxton, George W. 28. Nelson, N.H. Truckman. 11 
May, 1861. LowelL — Corporal, 10 Dec, 1861. Wounded 
in both ankles, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; and died 
in consequence, at Alexandria, Va. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 301 

Callahan, John. 28. Ireland. Carder. 11 May, 18G1. 
Lowell. — Deserted 8 June, 1861. 

Cheney, David J. 38. Shrewsbury, Vt. Carpenter. 7 
Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Wounded in wrist, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 18 Jan., 
1864. 

CoNLAN, Allan H. 20. Dracut, Mass. Blacksmith. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861, to . . . 
June, 1861. Having been sent to hospital in Washington, 
in 1861, was appointed ward-master; and was discharged 
by order of the War Department, 1 July, 1862, to receive 
the appointment of hospital steward. 

Cook, James W. 29. Reading, Mass. Furniture manu- 
facturer. 11 May, 1861. Reading. — Corporal, 14 Aug., 
1861 ; Sergeant, 14 July, 1862 ; First sergeant, 27 Dec, 
1862. Wounded in hand, 24 May, 1862, at Kernstown, 
Va.; not disabled. Wounded 3 May, 1863, at Chan- 
cellorsville; not disabled. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 
19 March, 1863. — See Commissioned Officers. 

Daggett, Andrew J. 32. Burlington, Vt. Carpenter. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Detailed as hospital ward-mas- 
ter, 12 May, 1861. Died of small-pox, Januai-y, 1864, at 
Washington, D.C. 

Davis, James A. 18. Dunstable, Mass. Farmer. 15 
Oct., 1861. Dunstable. — Transferred to Company A 
from Company H, 21 Dec, 1861. Wounded in leg, 17 
Sept., 1862, at Antietam; and discharged in consequence, 
23 Jan., 1863. 

Day, Charles. 24. Littleton, N.H. Teamster. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. — Detached as wagoner, to corps head- 
quarters, 16 Jan., 1863; to Quartermaster's Department, 
Brigade, 16 April, 1864. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Demmixg, John F. 26. Saco, Me. Butcher. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861. Discharged 
for disability, 17 Feb., 1862. 



302 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

DuNNELL, Charles S. 22. Wiscasset, Me. Glass-silverer. 
24 May, 1861. East Cambridge. — Transferred to Com- 
pany A from Company B, 4 April, 1863. Company 
musician, 4 April, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

DuRGiN, Leavitt C. 18. B . . . N.Y. Weaver. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 22 Dec., 1861; "a just recog- 
nition of his soldierly qualities and conduct." Color corpo- 
ral, 4 July, 1862 ; sergeant, 14 Jan., 1863 ; color sergeant, 
28 Feb., 1863. Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg. " To lament with you the loss of our brave young 
color-bearer," said Colonel Cogswell in General Order. 

DusTiN, Eben S. 19. Nashua, N.H. Tailor. 11 May, 

1861. Nashua, N.H. — Wounded in elbow, 17 Sept., 

1862, at Antietam ; and died in consequence, 4 Feb., 1863, 
at Harrisburg, Penn. 

Dyer, Looman H. 24. Freeman, Me. Watchman. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain. 

Emery, Samuel T. 22. Piermont, N.H. Dealer. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 19 Oct., 
1862. 

Farnham, George W. 19. East Pittsport, Me. Lumber- 
man. 12 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Detailed as attendant in 
regimental hospital, 16 June, 1862. Detached as orderly 
at division headquarters, 3 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Ferson, Levi 0. 21. Nashua, N.H. Brakeman. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. Ser- 
geant, 12 May, 1863. Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty in 1862. Wounded in 
head, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 17 
Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Flemming, James. 21. Tason, L-eland. Moulder. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 303 

Fletcher, Orra A. 34. Westford, Mass. Operative. 7 
Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 18 Nov., 
1863. 

Foster, James L. 22. Rutland, Vt. Weaver. 7 Aug., 
1862. Lowell. — Died of typhoid fever, 27 Nov., 1862, 
near Sharpsburg, Md. 

Foster, Nathaniel D. P. 21. Ludlow, Vt. Machinist. 
11. May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in breast, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain; and transfen*ed to Invalid Corps, 

I July, 1863. 

Foster, Silas P. 31. Eutland, Vt. Dresser. 7 Aug., 
1862. Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Get- 
tysburg. 

Foster, Willard. 24. Mendon, Vt. Carder. 7 Aug., 
1862. Lowell. — Wounded in arm (amputated) and in 
leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; and died in consequence, 
8 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Fuller, Charles H. 19. Lowell, Mass. Spinner. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in ankle, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 13 Feb., 
1863. 

Fuller, Edwin A. 20. Lowell, Mass. Carpet operative. 

II May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 14 
July, 1861. 

Garland, John A. 19. Tewksbury, Mass. Milkman. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Gelrat, Joseph W. 24. Manchester, England. Weaver. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, June, 1.861. Trans- 
ferred 22 Dec, 1861, to Company H; which see. — See 
also Commissioned Officers. 

George, John F. 22. Boscawen, N.H. Machinist. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Sergeant, 25 May, 1861; color 
sergeant, 4 July, 1862. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 
10 Aug., 1862. — See Commissioned Officers. 



304 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INJFANTRY. 

GiPFORD, Leonard G. 18. Lowell, Mass. Engine driver. 

11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 20 

Dec, 1861. 
GiLMAN, Newhall G. 35. Norridgewock, Me. Watchman. 

11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, 

at Cedar Mountain; and died in consequence, 14 Sept., 

1862, at Alexandria, Va. 

GiROUx, Thomas C. 32. Montreal, C.E. Dresser. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Enlisted as company musician. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Glines, Amos. 44. Moultonborough, N.H. Blacksmith. 
7 Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Goodwin, Alfred R. 21. Lowell, Mass. Operative. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Deserted 8 June, 1861. 

Gray, Timothy. 22. Lowell, Mass. Mechanic. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. — Died of heart disease, 2 Nov., 1862, 
near Sharpsburg, Md. 

Hall, Jeremiah S. 32. Salem, N.H. Salesman. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell.— Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. Wounded 
in arm, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; retui'ned to duty, 
25 Dec, 1862. Wounded in abdomen, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 17 May, 1863. KiUed 
in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Hanson, Ephraim C. 33. Ossipee, N.H. Box-maker. 6 
Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Harlow, Edwin. 26. Liverpool, N.S. Salesman. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — At regimental headquarters, 25 
July, 1861, to 12 Nov., 1862. Re-enlisted 31 Dec, 

1863. — See Second Term. 

Hastings, Charles. 26. Amherst, N.H. Carpenter. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. Ser- 
geant, 25 April, 1863, to 10 May, 1863. Corporal again, 
13 March, 1864. Detached as carpenter to artillery am- 
munition train, 27 May, 1863, to 22 July, 1863. Re-enlisted 
31 Dec, 1863. — See Second Term. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 305 

Hates, Edwin K. 21. Poland, Me. Operative. 11 May, 
1861. Clinton. — Dropped from rolls, 27 July, 18G3. 

Hazelton, Henry T. 20. Boston, IMass. Machinist. 11 
May, 1801. Boston. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 18G2, at 
Cedar Mountain. 

Heoy, Patrick. 20. Leitrini, Ireland. Carder. 11 May, 
18G1. Lowell. — Corporal, 12 May, 1863. Killed in ac- 
tion, 3 July, 1863, at Getty.-burg. 

HiBBARD, Thaddeus A. 19. Franklinville, N.Y. Farmer. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Died of typhoid fever, 5 Aug., 
1861, at Ilagerstown, Md. 

IIiXES, Richard S. 29. Munson, Me. Farmer. 11 May, 

1861. Munson, Me. — Detached to division ambulance corps, 
16 Oct., 1862. Discharged for disability, 16 Jan., 1863. 

Hunter, Robert. 38. St. Johns, N.B. Laborer. 12 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Wounded in arm, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg; discharged in consequence, 4 Feb., 1864. 

Huntley, Matthew. 22. Trowbridge, England. Black- 
smith. 11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 12 May, 

1863. Wounded through arm, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg; discharged in consequence in . . . 1863. 

Ingalls, Charles F. 26. Lynn, Mass. Clerk. 11 May, 

1861. Lowell. — Wounded in foot, 3 May, 1863, at 

Chancellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 22 Feb., 1864. 
IvERs, James. 25. . . . Ireland. Moulder. 11 May, 1861. 

Lowell. — Wounded in face, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; 

discharged in consequence, 22 Feb., 1864. 
Jackson, John P. 23. Durham, N.H. Carpenter. 11 

May, 1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Jaques, Silas H. 18. Manchester, N.II. Machinist. 11 

May, 1861. Lowell. — Enlisted as company musician. 

Discharged for disability, 29 Jan., 1863. 
Jones, Conley R. 21. Andover, Mass. Farmer. 11 

May, 1861. LoweU. — Deserted 15 June, 1861. 
20 



30G SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Kidder, John W. 21. Lowell, Mass. Moulder. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in head, 3 July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Feb., 
1864. 

KiTTREDGE, Edmund R. 22. Newburyport, Mass. Painter. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 

1862, at Antietara ; and discharged in consequence, 12 
Dec., 1862. 

Ladd, William W. 26. Lowell, Mass. Currier. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 17 Nov., 
1862. 

Lamb, George. 23. Langdon, N.H. Carpenter. 1 1 May, 
1861. Langdon, N.H. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. Wounded 
in arm, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; riot disabled. De- 
tailed to duty at Long Island, Boston Harbor, 27 July, 

1863. Absent on recruiting service, 23 May, 1864, when 
mustered out. 

Lane, Lyman. 18. St. Albans, Me. Blacksmith. 7 Oct., 

1861. North Tewksbury. — Wounded in thigh, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain ; dropped from the rolls, 27 July, 
1863 ; discharged, no date given. 

Lee, William M. 22. Stanstead, C.E. Machinist. 11 
May, 1S61. Lowell — Wounded in ear, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; not disabled. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Levers ee, Wesley R. 24. Smyrna, N.Y. Carpenter. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. 
Color corporal, 14 Jan., 1863, to 12 Oct., 1863. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Livingston, Nelson S. 19. Lowell, Mass. Salesman. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain. 

LovEJOY, Jonathan W. 44. Hollis, N.H. Policeman. 
11 May, 1861. LoweU. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861. 
Discharged for disability, 5 Nov., 1862. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 307 

Magkk, Deyea. 28. Decatur, N.Y. Carder. 11 May, 
18GI. Lowell. — Sergeant, 25 May, 18G1, to 14 July, 
18G2. Discharged for disability, 9 March, 1863. 

INIasox, Ripley E. 20. Mercer, Me. Shoemaker. 1 1 
May, 18G1. Lowell. — Hospital attendant, 13 Aug., 18(51. 
Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 July, 1863. 

IMcAltim:, Thomas D. 22. Lowell, Mass. Wool-spinner. 
11 May, 1801. Lowell. — AVouudcd in shoulder (by 
shell) and in abdomen, '.) Aug., 1802, at Cedar Mountain; 
returned to duty, 19 Aug., 1802. Wounded in heel, 17 
Sept., 1802, at Antietam ; and discharged in consequence, 
25 June, 1803. Commissioned as second lieutenant in 
Invalid Corps. 

McAi.piXE, William T. 21. Saxonville, Mass. Wheel- 
wright. 11 IVIay, 1801. Lowell. — Sergeant, 25 April, 
1803. Wounded in arm, in thigh, and through the body, 
9 Aug., 1802, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, . . . 

Wounded in the head, 3 May, 1803, at 

Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 24 Aug., 1863. Re- 
enlisted 31 Dec, 1863. — See Second Term. 

McIxTiRE, Albion C. 20. Waterford, Me. Carpenter. 11 
May, 1861. North Reading (Lowell?). — Detached to 
Fourth United-States Artillery, 8 April, 1802. Discharged 
for disability, 4 June, 1862. 

McLaugiilix, Michael J. 19. Clinton, Mass. Grocer. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 5 May, 1802, 
at Brock's Gap, Massanutten Mountains ; escaped from 
the camp of the enemy, and reached the regiment, 13 May. 
Wounded in hand, 25 May, 1802, at Winchester. Dropped 
from the rolls as deserter (on furlough.) 

Miles, William II. 25. Limerick, Me. Carder. 11 May, 
1801. Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1863. Sergeant, 13 
July, 1803. Re-enli.stcd 31 Dec, 1863. — See Second 
Term. 



« 

308 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRT. 



Minor, Charles. 31. Armand, C.E. Operative. 7 Aug., 

1862. Lowell. — Wounded in hand, 15 May, 1864, at 
Resaca, Geo. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Morse, Alexander. 19. South Boston, Mass. Fuller. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in knee, 3 July, 

1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty in a few days. 
Wounded in hand, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca. Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

Morse, George R. 23. Kennebunk, Me. Dentist. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, . . . June, 1861, to 14 
Aug., 1861. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1861, at Winchester ; 
returned to company, 25 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

Moss, William. 26. Manchester, England. Opei-ative in 
cloth room, 11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 
May, 1861, to 10 Dec, 1861. Wounded in wrist, 3 May, 
1863, at Chancellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 10 
Nov., 1863. 

NpTTER, Luther P. 22. Ossipee, N.H. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville. 

O'Hare, Andrew J. 22. Salem, Mass. Moulder. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell (Salem ?). — Taken prisoner, 27 Aug., 
1862, in hospital at Warrenton, Va. Discharged for dis- 
ability, 4 Nov., 1862. 

O'Hare, Polinus. 21. Portland, Me. Farmer. 11 May, 

1861. Lowell (Salem?). — Discharged for disabihty, 20 
Dec, 1862. 

Page, George W. 20. Canaan, N.H. Harness-maker. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in thigh, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain, and taken prisoner; returned to 
duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Detached to division ambulance 
corps, 28 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Page, Lucius. 19. Hyde Park, Vt. Machinist. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 April, 1863. Wounded in 
arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; wounded in thigh, 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 309 

3 May, 18G3, at Chancellorsville ; and died in consequence, 
June, 18G3, at Acqiiia Landing, Va. 

Pendergast, Richard. 25. Portland, Me. Carpenter, 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, January, 18G2 ; ser- 
geant, 14 Jan., 18G3 ; first sergeant, 25 April, 1863. 
Wounded in side, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned 
to duty, 24 Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted 31 Dec, 1863. — See 
Second Term. 

Perkins, Charles E. 40. Swanton, Vt. Carder. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. ^ Discharged for disability, 5 Nov., 1862. 

Phelps, Francis D. 23. Leominster, Mass. Currier. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861. Wounded 
in shoulder, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; and dis- 
charged in consequence, 26 Jan., 1863. 

Phillips, Samuel R. 34. Brecon, Wales. Book-keeper. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Sergeant, 25 May, 1861, to 
13 Feb., 1862; color sergeant, . . . 1861, to . . . 1862. 
Discharged for disability, 25 Oct., 1862. 

Pickering, Theophilus D. 22. Gorham, Me. Lamp- 
lighter. 11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Detached to division 
ambulance train, 16 Oct., 1862, to 16 July, 1863. Detailed 
as regimental wagoner, January, 1864. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

Prouty, Sidney S. 31. Onondaga Co., N.Y. Mason. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Wouuded through leg (below 
knee), 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; and died in conse- 
quence, 19 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Richards, William C. 26. Camden, Me. Cooper. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell (Camden, Me. ?). — Discharged for dis- 
ability, .. . 1862. 

RoBBiNS, Leverett. 40. Ipswich, Mass. Carriage-maker. 
28 Oct., 1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 16 
Jan., 1863. 

RvEPtSON, Horace. 26. Livermore Falls, Me. Lumber- 
man. 12 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Died of chronic diar- 
rhoea, 3 Dec, 1861, at Alexandria, Va. 



310 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTKY. 

Sargeant, John S. 18. Lowell, Mass. Salesman. 9 
July, 1862. Lowell. — Absent 28 May, 1864, when mus- 
tered out. 

Sawyer, Nathan D. A. 22. Salem, Mass. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861; ser- 
geant, 12 Feb., 1862. Wounded through the chest, 25 
May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to regiment, 13 Sept. 

1862. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 10 Aug., 1862. — 
See Gommissioned Officers. 

Seymour, George H. 28. Maidstone, England. Painter. 

11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 17 
Dec, 1861. 

Sherman, George W. 18. Lowell, Mass. Scholar. 1 
July, 1862. Lowell. — Wounded in shoulder, 3 May, 

1863, at Chj^ncellorsville ; not disabled. Missing on march 
from Kingston, Ga., 6 June, 1864 ; probably prisoner. Re- 
ported as having died in Andersonville prison. 

Sherman, William H. 20. Lowell, Mass. Weaver. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in side, 3 July, 1863, at 
' Gettysburg. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Shirley, James H. 24. Portland, Me. Moulder. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain ; and discharged in consequence, 6 Nov., 
1862. 

Spaulding, Oscar. 18. Lowell, Mass. Weaver. 11 May, 

1861. Lowell. — Wounded in thigh and in arm, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain; and died in consequence, Aug., 
1862, at Alexandria, Va. 

Stacy, John R. 30. Manchester, N.H. Shoemaker. 12 
Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability (result of 
sun-stroke), 16 Jan., 1863. 

Stickney, Henry E. 21. Andover, Mass. School-teacher. 

12 June, 1861. Wilmington. — Discharged for disability, 
12 Aug., 1861. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 311 

Stovku, Jesse G. 23. South Tliomuston, Me. Spinner. 
11 May, 18G1. Lowell.— Sergeant, 25 May, 1861, to 25 
April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

SwKAT, Joseph S. G. 18. Lowell, Mass. Sash and blind 
maker. 11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disabil- 
ity, 1 June, 1861. 

Tic EHURST, James. 33. Derby, Vt. Machinist. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 10 
June, 1861; detached as wagoner in corps train, 21 Jan., 
1863, and made master-wagoner. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Tii/roN, Charles F. 21. Lowell, Mass. Carpenter. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861, to 5 Feb., 
1863. Wounded in wrist, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Moun- 
tain ; returned to the regiment, but, being disabled, was de- 
tailed as clerk to brigade quartermaster, 5 Feb., 1863 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Tripp, James E. 22. Lowell, Mass. Machinist. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 25 April, 1863, to 1 Oct., 1863. 
AVounded through neck, 3 May, 1863, at ChancellorsviHe ; 
returned to duty, 17 Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted 31 Dec., 
1863. — See Second Term. 

Truk, Emmons T. 24. Freeman, Me. Watchman. 7 
Aug., 1862. Lowelh — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Tuck, Andrew J. 43. Fayette, Me. Dresser (overseer). 
7 Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

TuCKERMAN, Prentiss. 19. Cambridge, Mass. Engine- 
driver. 11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disa- 
bility, in 1861. 

Upton, Joseph. 39. Tyngsboro', Mass. Carpet-weaver. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Detailed as company cook, 15 
July, 1861, but served with his musket in each action in 
whicli the company was engaged. AYounded in right arm, 
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 20 
Aug., 1862. Absent sick, 28 May, 1864, when musteied 
out. (Universally esteemed and loved.) 



312 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Walker, Rosalvo M. 19. Wilton, Me, Weaver. 11 
May, 18G1. Lowell. — Corporal, 1 Oct., 18G3. Taken 
prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 
23 Oct., 1862. Wounded in face, 3 May, 1862, at Chancel- 
lorsville ; returned to duty, 21 July, 1863. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Written, Eben B. 24. Wilton, Me. Spinner. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. — First sergeant, 25 May, 1861. Killed in 
action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Wilson, Foster. 35. Hudson, N.H. Carder (overseer). 
7 Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Wounded in head, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 17 May, 1863, 
Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned 
to duty, 21 Dec, 1863. Re-enlisted 31 Dec, 1863. — See 
Second Term. • 

Wright, Lewis C. 24. Berlin, Vt. Weaver. 11 May, 
1861. Lowell. — Died of dysentery, 5 Oct., 1862, at 
Maryland Heights. 



COMPANY B. 

Abbott, James. 21. Shapleigh, Me. Farmer. 25 May, 
1861. Shapleigh, Me. — Corporal, 1 Oct., 1863. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Alton, Samuel T.' 21. Sandwich, Mass. Cabinet-maker. 
May, 1861. Salem. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Wounded 
in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; and died in conse- 
quence, 17 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Appleton, James M. P. 19. Milton, N.H. Machinist. 
14 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — AVounded 17 Oct., 1862, at 
Antietam ; and transferred to Invalid Corps, 27 Sept., 1863. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 313 

BiCKFORD, Cliavles IT. 20. Boston, Mass. Machinist. 
May, 18G1. Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at 
Cliancellorsville. 

Blakk, Darius G. 21. Salem, INTass. Laborer. IMay, 
1861. Salem. — Discharged for disability, 28 Feb., 1863. 

BowLEY, Leander G. 18. . . . Me. Farmer. May, 1861. 
Chelmsford. — Corporal, 4 Oct., 1862. Sergeant, 15 Feb., 
1863. AVounded in arm and side, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg; returned to duty, 16 Dec, 1863. Re-enlisted 31 
Dec, 1863. — Sec Second Term. 

Brekn, Owen. 25. Tyrone, L'eland. Farmer. May, 1861. 
Lowell. — Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Moun- 
tain ; returned to duty, 11 Oct., 1862. Deserted 24 Aug., 
1863. 

Brooks, George. 26. Gardner, Mass. Laborer. May, 

1861. Gardner. — Corporal, 14 Aug., 1861. Absent in 
hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

BuTLAXD, Edward. 20. Kennebunk, Me. Ship-carpenter. 
May, 1861. Kennebunk, Me. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester, and paroled; returned to duty, 13 
Dec, 1862. AVounded in side, 3 ]\Lay, 1863, at Chancel- 
lorsville ; returned to duty, 16 Dec, 1863. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Cady, J.jhnD. 20. New Bedford, Mass. Farmer. May, 
\^SA. Vassalboro', Me. — Wounded tlirough chest, 17 
Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; and died in consequence, 30 Sept., 

1862, at Frederick, Md. 

Callahan, Daniel. 21. Cork, Ireland. Glass-maker, 
11 Aug., 1862. East Cambridjze. — Wounded in shoulder, 
3 May, 1863, at Cliancellorsville; returned to duty, 9 Oct., 

1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Carney, James. 20. England. Curdwainer. May, 1861. 
Lowell. — Wounded in head, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; 
not disabled. Wounded in shoulder, 3 Maj', 1863, at Chan- 
cellorsville ; transferred to Invalid Corps. 



314 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Carney, John. 19. Cork, Ireland. Baker. May, 18G1. 
Haverhill. — Wounded in arm, 17 Sept., 18G2, at Antietam ; 
and discharged in consequence, 23 Dec, 18G2. 

Cheever, Appleton. 18. Dracut, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 18G4. 

Christie, Robert. 25. Tyrone, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
May, 18G1. Lowell. — Wounded 17 Sept., 18G2, at An- 
tietam ; not disabled. Killed in action, 3 May, 18G3, at 
Chaucellorsville. 

Clark, William W. 18. Waterville, Me. Farmer. May. 
18G1. Lowell. — Re-enlijted and transferred 1 Jan., 18G4, 
to Company K; which see. — See Second Term. 

Clough, Thomas H. 24. Tamworth, N.H. Blacksmith, 
May, 18G1. LowelL — Corporal, May, 18G1, to 12 Aug., 
18G1. Discharged for disability, 30 Nov., 18G2. 

Colby, Lucius. 35. Sutton, Vt. Painter. 9 Aug., 1862. 
Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 18 Aug., 18G2. 

CoNLAN, Peter. 22. Monahan, Ireland. Laborer. May, 
1 8G 1 . East Cambridge. — Wounded through neck, through 
side, and through leg, 3 July, 18G3, at. Gettysburg; and 
died in consequence, 9 July, 18G3, at Gettysburg. 

Cook, Benjamin F. 22. Shapleigh, Me. Farmer. May, 
1861. Shapleigh, Me. — Discharged for disability, 21 Feb., 
1862. 

CoRBETT, William J. 21. Lowell, Mass. Laborer. May, 
1861. LowelL — Wounded in side, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chaucellorsville; returned to duty, 27 Oct., 1863. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Crooker, Thomas. 32. Eastport, Me. Laborer. May, 
1861. Boston. — Deserted May, 1861. 

Crosson, James F. 22. Philadelphia, Pa. Billiard-maker. 
May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 12 Aug., 
1861. Taken prisoner, 24 May, 1862, at Strasburg, Va. ; 
returned to duty, 28 Oct., 1862. Ke-enlisted 31 Dec, 1863. 
— See Second Term. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 315 

CuMMiNGS, Frederick. 20. Atlinl, INLiss. Cordwaincr. May, 
1861. Orange. — Discharged for disability, 4 March, 18G3. 

Dacey, John. 32. Lowell, Mass. Machinist. May, ISGl. 
Boston. — Deserted 9 Jidy, 18G1. 

Damon, Alva. 21. Buckfield, Me. Farmer. IMay, 18G1, 
Paris, Me. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 18G2, at Winches- 
ter; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

Deering, William. 33. Tyrone, Ireland. Spinner. 9 
July, 1862. Lowell. — Killed in action at Averysboro', 
N.C., 16 March, 1865. 

Dillon, Thomas. 31. Clare, L-eland. Teamster. 24 
July, 1862. Brookline. — Killed in action, 17 Sept., 1862, 
at Antietam. 

DniMiCK, John G. 29. Lyme, N.H. Laborer. 18 May, 
1861. Windham, Me. (Lyme, N.H.?). — Detailed as regi- 
mental wagoner, 1 July, 1861. Discharged for disability, 
22 May, 1862. 

Dow, Charles H. 20. Sanford, Me. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. Sanford, Me. — Corporal, 29 Nov., 1862, to 10 
May, 1863; and again, 17 July, 1863 (''for good behavior 
in action at Gettysburg"), to 1 Oct., 1863. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

DuNXELL, Charles S. 22. Wiscasset, Me. Glass-silverer. 
24 May, 1861. East Cambridge. — Enlisted company- 
musician. Transferred 4 April, 1863, to Company A; 
which see. 

Eaton, Simeon. 24. Westminster, Mass. Painter. May, 

1861. Gardner. — Wounded in back (side shot), 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 12 Oct., 
1862; discharged in consequence of wound, 18 Oct., 1862. 

Edavauds, Henry. 20. Boston, Mass. Gas-fitter. 28 
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Taken prisoner (wounded), 9 
June, 1863, at Beverly Ford; discharged- in consequence, 
9 Oct., 1863. 



316 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Emery, Martin B. 22. Dixmont, Me. Farmer. May, 1861. 
Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 29 Jan., 1863. 

Emmons, Benjamin. 43. St. Johns, N.B. Shoemaker. 8 
Aug., 1862. . . . Sent to hospital, Aug., 1862; discharged 
for disability, 4 March, 1863. 

Evans, James A. 21. Limerick, Me. Laborer. 11 May, 
1861. Limerick, Me. — Corporal, May, 1861. Sergeant. 
1 Aug., 1861. Drowned in the Shenandoah River, near 
Edenburg, Va., 9 April, 1862, while in discharge of duty. 

Fagan, Michael. 21. Russell, Mass. Currier. May, 
1861. Dalton. — Wounded in arm, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester; discharged in consequence, 9 Oct., 1862. 

Flanagan, James. 22. Lowell, Mass. Laborer. May, 
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, June, 1861, to 6 July, 1861. 
Deserted 22 Aug., 1861. 

Foss, John C. 36. Derry, N.IL Painter. 9 Aug., 1862. 
Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 

Freeman, George. 24. Birmingham, England. Laborer, 
May, 1861. Boston. — Drowned in the Shenandoah River, 
near Edenburg, Va., 9 April, 1862, while in discharge of 
duty. 

French, Charles. 25. Porter, Me. Blacksmith. May, 1861. 
Newfield, Me. — Taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at Chan- 
cellorsville; returned to duty, 14 Nov., 1863. Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

Gardiner, Benjamin B. 26. Salem, Mass. Carpenter. 
May, 1861. Salem. — Wounded in head, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; and discharged in consequence. 

Garrity, Daniel. 23. Lowell, Mass. Laborer. May, 1861. 
Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; 
returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Wounded in face and 
neck, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 19 
Oct., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

GiLSON, Albert. 22. Dunstable, Mass. Teamster. 12 Oct., 
1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Ce- 
dar Mountain. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 317 

Gleason, John. 22. Limerick, Ireland. Laborer. May, 
186L Chicopee. — Wounded in knee, 3 July, 18G3, at 
Gettysburg ; returned to duty, 17 Jan., 186-1:. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Gordon, Elbridge G. 24. Solon, Me. Painter. May, 

1861. Solon, Me. — Detached as assistant to division 
commissary, 1 March, 18G2. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Gould, John. 39. Groton, Mass. Teamster. May, 1861. 
Lowell. — Detailed as company cook, 1861. Re-culisted 
31 Dec, 1863. — See Second Term. 

Green, William R. 21. Salem, Mass. Tanner. May, 1861. 
Salem. — Taken prisoner, August, 1862, near Manassas 
Junction; returned to duty, 17 May, 1863. Re-enlisted 
31 Dec, 1863. — See Second Term.. 

Greenough, Daniel S. 31. Salem, Mass. Cordwainer. 
May, 1861. Salem. — Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, October, 1862. Woun- 
ded in head, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca; and died in conse- 
quence, 6 June, 1864. 

Griffin, John. 21. Cork, Ireland. Upholsterer. 11 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Wounded in leg, 3 May, 1863, at Chan- 
cellorsville ; i-eturned to duty, 21 Aug., 1863. Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

Grisavold, Alonzo. 24. Hinsdale, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Dalton (Hinsdale ?). — Sergeant, May, 1861. Color 
sergeant, Dec, 1862, to . . . 1862. Detached on service at 
Long Island, Boston Harbor, 26 July, 1863 ; absent 28 
May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Griswold, Dwight F. 21. New Orleans, La. Painter. 
May, 1861. Brattleboro', Vt. — Sergeant, May, 1861, 
to 1 Aug., 1861. Enlisted in Fourth United-States Artil- 
lery, 27 Oct., 1862 ; was afterwards wounded, and died in 
consequence. 

Ham, Edwin. 21. Shapleigh, Me. Carpenter. May, 1861. 
Salem (Boston?). — Discharged for disability, 1 1 Aug., 1861. 



318 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

HA:\r, Martin L. 19. Shapleigh, Me. Carpenter. May, 
1861. Boston. — Corporal, 14 Aug., 1861. Discharged 
for disability, 22 May, 18G2. 

Hanson, Gardner L. 31. Barnston, C.W. Laborer. May, 
1861. Boston. — Wounded in face and shoulder, 3 July, 
1863, at Gettysburg; absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, 
when mustered out. 

Hatch, Robert. 22. Kennebunk, Me. Ship-carpenter. 
May, 1861. Kennebunk, Me. — Sergeant, May, 1861 ; 
first sergeant, 1 Aug., 1861. AVounded through shoulder, 
Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 
29 Oct., 1862. 

Hearn, James. 19. Staffordshire, England. Blacksmith. 
May, 1861. Boston. — Deserted June, 1861. 

Hill, James P. 21. Kennebunk, Me. Farmer. May, 
1861. Kennebunk, Me, — Enlisted in Fourth United- 
States Artillery, 25 Oct., 1862. 

Hill, Joseph. 21. Groton, Mass. Law student. May, 
1861. Charlestown. — Had served under General Have- 
lock in the march to Lucknow. First sergeant, May, 1861 ; 
discharged 1 Aug., 1861, to receive commission of second 
lieutenant in First Maine Cavalry ; was subsequently cap- 
tain in the Fifth Kentucky Cavalry, and aide to General 
Rosecrans ; resigned in January, 1864. 

HoGAN, Patrick. 20. Tipperary, Ireland. Machinist. . May, 
1861. Chicopee. — Taken prisoner, 12 Dec, 1862, near 
Hillsboro', Va. ; dropped from the rolls, 29 Feb., 1864 ; 
said to have been' discharged in March, 1863. 

Holland, John. 21. Tyrone, L-eland. Tailor. May, 1861. 
Lowell. — Detailed as company musician, June, 1861 ; 
taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Holmes, Charles W. 21. Preston Hill, N.Y. Black- 
smith. May, 1861. Dalton. - — Taken prisoner, 9 June, 
1863, at Beverly Ford; returned to duty, 14 Nov., 1863. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 319 

Holt, Henry H. 20 N.H. Dairyman. May, 1861. 

Clielmsford. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 April, 

1863. 
HoRGAN, Michael. 20. Boston, Mass. Laborer. 30 July, 

18G2. — See Second Term. 
HoYT, Charles N. 20. Lowell, Mass. Dairyman. Slay, 

1861. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, September, 1862, while 
in hospital in Frederick, Md., and paroled; returned to 
duty, 3 April, 1863. Discharged for disability, 22 April, 
1863. 

Huff, Thatcher J. 22. Kennebnnkport, Me. Farmer. 
May, 1861. Kennebunk, Me. — Wounded through chest, 
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, and taken prisoner; 
discharged in consequence of wounds, 5 Feb., 1863. 

Hurley, Timothy. 22. Waterford, L-cland. Glovemaker. 
May, 1861. Rowley. — Taken prisoner, 25 ]\Iay, 1862, 
at Winchester, and paroled ; returned to duty, 13 Dec, 

1862. Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; 
absent until mustered out, 28 May, 1864. 

Jonxsox, Augustus. 18. Roxbiiry, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Alford. — Wounded in shoulder, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 17 June, 1863. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Jonxsox, Thomas. 21. Liverpool, England. Cotton-spin- 
ner._ May, 1861. Athol. — Corporal, 15 Jan., 1862 ; color- 
corporal, 12 Oct., 1863. Wounded in hand, 24 May, 1862, 
at NcAvtown, Va. ; not disabled. Re-enlisted. — '^ee Second 
Term. 

Kelley, George F. 19. Pittsfield, Mass. Moulder. May, 

1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, June, 1861. 
Kelset, Jeremiah A. 27. Newport, N.H. Painter. 7 

Aug., 1862. Lowell.— Wounded in thigh, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 17 Aug., 1863. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Ke.mp, William H. 28. Lowell, :\rass. Painter. 29 July, 

1862. Lowell.— Discharsed for disabilitv, 16 .Ian., 1863. 



320 SECOKD MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Kenny, Martin. 35. Galway, Ireland. Shoemaker. 28 
Aug., 1862. Marlboro'. — Woundecl in face, 15 May, 
1864, at Resaca. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Kernealy, Dennis. 19. Cork, Ireland. Cordwainer. 
May, 1861. Boston. — Deserted 14 May, 1863. 

Keyes, Stephen F. 20. North Chelmsford, Mass. Law 
student. 12 Aug., 1862. Boston. — Corporal, 1 Oct., 

1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. Practising law in 
Boston. 

King, James. 24. Dublin, Ireland. Farmer. May, 1861. 

Cambridge. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
KiNJiONTH, Hugh. 27. Cork, Ireland. Currier. May, 

1861. Manchester. — Corporal, May, 1861; sergeant, 
13 April, 1862, to 10 May, 1863; and again 17 July, 1863 
(" for good behavior in action at Gettysburg"). Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

LovEjOY, William W. 20. Andover, Mass. Machinist. 
May, 1861. Andover. — Wounded in face, 3 July, 1863 
at Gettysburg; not disabled. AVouuded in thigh, 15 May, 

1864, at Resaca. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
LuNDY, Francis. 30. Manchester, England. Printer. 

May, 1861. New- York City. — Sergeant, 12 Aug., 1861 ; 
first sergeant, 1 Nov., 1862 ; color-bearer at Autietam. 
Promoted to be second lieutenant, 30 March, 1863. — See 
Commissioned Officers. 
Manning, John. 27. . . . Ireland. Painter. 7 Aug., 

1862. Lowell. — Wounded in thigh, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; died in consequence, 25 Aug., 1863. 

Marshall, Frederick H. 22. Bangor, Me. Dyer. May 

1861. Lowell. — Corporal, May, 1861, to June, 1861 ; and 
again 1 Aug., 1861, to 11 Dec, 1861. Deserted 28 Jan. 

1862, while on furlough. 

McKean, Peter. 36. Edinboro', Scotland. Shoemaker. 
JMay, 1861. Bellingham. — Wounded in groin, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 17 
Nov., 1862. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 321 

McVey, Michael. 22. Tyrone, Ireland. Cotton-bufFer. 

May, 1861. Lowell, — Deserted 22 Aug., 18G1. 
Mekuitt, Wesley M. 21. Sharon, Vt. Teamster. May, 

1861. Lowell. — Corporal, IMay, 1861 ; sergeant, 1 Aug., 

1861, to 12 Aug., 1861. Discharged for disability (from 

accident), 23 March, 1863. 
Minor, Abraham. 35. Danville, Vt. Laborer. May, 

1861. Lowell. — Enlisted as wagoner. Discharg-ed for 
disability, 5 June, 1862. 

MosHKR, Edwin. 21. Saratoga, N.Y. Clerk. May, 1861. 
Dalton. — Wounded in leg, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester, 
and taken prisoner ; paroled a few days afterwards ; dis- 
charged in consequence of wounds, 13 .Jan., 1863. 

MouLTON, James E. 24. Lynn, Mass. Cordwainer. 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1863, at 
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 19 Aug., 1862. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Murray, Francis. 23. Troy, N.Y. Sawyer. May, 1861. 
Middlefield (Boston?). — Deserted from hospital, April, 
1863. 

MuRRY, James. ■ 23. Cork, L-eland. Morocco-drei^ser. 
May, 1861. Charlestown. — Detached to gunboat on the 
Mississippi, 28 Feb., 1862 ; dropped from the rolls. 

Nkwman, Charles H. 19. Windsor, Vt. Cotton-spinner. 
May, 1861. Windsor, Vt. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. 
Wounded in ancle, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; not 
disabled. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

NuTE, William W. 25. Dunbartou, N.H. Cordwainer. 
May, 1861. Orange. — Detached to Fourtii United-States 
Artillery, 10 April, 1862 ; enlisted in Fourth United- 
States Artillery, 25 Oct., 1862. 

Oakks, James. 31. Lancaster, England. Laborer. May, 

1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 13 April, 1862. Killed in 

action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, while a color 

corporal. 

21 



322 , SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

O'DoHERTT, Francis. 19. Londonderry, Ireland. Clerk. 
9 June, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 15 Jan., 1862; ser- 
gaant, 23 April, 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, 
at. AVincbester ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1863. Wounded 
in neck, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 
26 Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Orr, Samuel. 41. Albany, N.Y. Painter. 10 June, 1861. 
New Bedford. — Sent to hospital in Philadelphia, 4 March, 

1862, and discharged for disability in 1862. 
Packard, .Joseph S. 24. Boston, ]Mass. Clerk. May, 

1861. Boston. — Corporal, 14 Aug., 1861; color cor- 
poral, 4 July, 1862. Wounded in back (lateral), 3 July, 

1863, at Gettysburg; discharged in consequence, 1 Dec, 
1863. 

Petersen, Andrew S. 26. Boyen, Norway. Cabinet- 
maker. May, 1861. Lowell. — Detached on signal ser- 
vice, 28 Aug., 1861, to 17 Aug., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See 
Second Term. 

Plaisted, Edwin. 21. Watertown, Mass. Shoemaker. 
18 May, 1861. Windham (Me. ?). — Enlisted in Fourth 
United-States Artillery, 25 Oct., 1862. • 

Pope, Joseph N. 18. Salem, Mass. Teamster. May, 
1861. Salem. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester. Discharged for disability, 3 Jan., 1863. 

Powers, Patrick. 22. Waterford, Ireland. Laborer. May, 
1861. Chicopee. — Mastered out 28 May, 1864. 

Prescott, Morrill. 24. Buxton, Me. Manufacturer. May, 
1861. Holyoke. — Sergeant, 11 May, 1861. Discharged 
for disability, 3 Jan., 1863. 

Reardon, Daniel. 27. Waterford, Ireland. Currier. May, 
1861. Salem. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Wounded in arm, 
3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; absent in hospital, 28 May, 

1864, when mustered out. (Subsequently re-enlisted in the 
same company. — See Second Term.) 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 323 

RODGERS, Joseph. 21. Cook's Corner, Vt. Teamster. 
18 May, 18G1. Windham, Vt. — Corporal, 6 July, 1861 ; 
sergeant, 1 Nov., 18G2; first sergeant, 23 April, 1863. 
Wounded in right arm and in left foot, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 17 Oct., 1862. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Sargknt, Harrison. 37. Wells, Me. Butcher. May, 

1861. Kennebuuk, Me. — Discharged for disability, 3 
June, 1862. 

Scott, Thomas. 34. Tyrone, Ireland. Soap-maker. 10 
July, 1862. Lowell.— Sent to hospital, 12 Feb., 1864. 
Mustered out 20 July, 1865. 

SiiUFELT, Stephen. 20. St. Ambrose, CW. Machinist. 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 4 Oct., 1862, to 29 Feb., 
1864. Detached to Division Ambulance Corps, 16 Oct., 

1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Skinner, Austin L. 26. Nashua, N.H. 7 Aug., 1862. 
Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 26 Oct., 1862. 

Smith, Reuben. 18. Lancashire, England. Cordwainer. 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in hip, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg; returned to duty, 28 Aug., 1863. Re-enlist- 
ed. — See Second Term. 

Smith, William H. 23. Nashua, N.H. Painter. 14 Aug., 
1862. Dracut. — Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Get- 
tysburg ; returned to duty, 3 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Smithick, Maurice. 20. Methuen, Mass. Laborer. May, 
1861. Somerville. — Discharged for disability, 22 April, 
1863. 

Stanton, William. 23. Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 1861. 
Lowell. — Discharged for disability in 1862. 

Stephens, Alexander. 18. Mayo, Ireland. Laborer. 11 
Oct., 1861. LoweU. — Wounded, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester; died in consequence, June, 1862, at Winchester. 

Stephens, John. 22. Mayo, Irehmd. Moulder. 15 Oct., 
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in shoulder, 9 Aug., 1862, at 



324 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Cedar Mountain; died in consequence, September, 1862, 
at Annapolis, Md. 

Stevens, Jesse. 21. Kenuebunk, Me. Ship-carpenter. 
May, 1861. Kennebunk, Me. — Killed in action, 3 May, 
1863, at Chaucellorsville. 

Stimpson, Jesse F. 21. Fredericktown, N.B. Black- 
smith. May, 1861. Milford. — Taken prisoner, 25 INIay, 
1862, at Winchester ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. 
Wounded in ankle, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; ab- 
sent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Taylor, George. 20. Kennebunk, Me. Sa-\vyer. May, 
1861. Kennebunk, Me. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Thing, Henry. 22 May, 1861. Boston (?).— 

Discharged for disability, Juiie, 1861. 

Thompson, William. 24. Lancashire, England, Weaver. 
May, 1861. Salem. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Tucker, William. 24. Roxbury, Mass. Machinist. May, 
1861. Boston. — Corporal, May, 1861. Di^charged for 
disability, 11 Aug., 1861. 

Wall, Michael. 25. Tipperary, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Boston (?). — Deserted 5 July, 1861. 

Wallace, John A. 19. Derry, N.H. Apothecary. May, 
1861. Lowell. — Died of scrofula, 9 April, 1862, at Fred- 
erick, Md. 

Watson, Samuel C. 23. Easton, Mass. Iron-moulder. 
May, 1861. Boston (?). — Discharged for disability, June, 
1861. (State record says, "deserted") 

Weldon, Henry. 19. Lowell, Mass. Machinist. May, 
1861. Lowell. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Whittier, Ruel. 26. Mercer, Me. Carpenter. May, 
1861. Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Aug., 1861. Killed in ac- 
tion, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Wilson, Joseph H. 20. Salem, Mass. Sailor. May, 
1861. Salem. — Discharged for disability (chronic diar- 
rhoea), 28 March, 1863 ; six weeks after, enlisted in the 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 325 

naval service ; was in the Ossipee from 8 Sept., 1864; con- 
tracted disea-^e at Galveston, Texas, and was in the Naval 
Asylum, Philadelphia, in December, 1865. 



COMPANY C. 

Aborn, Sylvester P. 18. South Reading, Mass. Shoe- 
maker. 12 Aug., 1862. South Reading. — Wounded in 
hand, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; returned to duty, 29 
Oct., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Alley, George W. 32. Lynn, Mass. Machine-sower. 
29 July, 1862. Lynn. — Wounded in foot, 3 July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg; absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864; dis- 
charged, time and place unknown. 

Andrews, Charles O. 22. Lincoln Co., Me. 11 May, 
1861. Ipswich. — Sergeant, 24 May, 1862. Wounded in 
hip, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; not disabled. De- 
tached to Division ... 10 Oct., 1862. Discharged for 
disability, 9 Jan., 1863. 

Appl ETON, John L. 38. ...Mass. Salesman. 11 May, 
1861. Salem. — Discharged for disability, 9 Aug., 1861. 

Bailey, Edwin A. 26. Salem, Mass. Dyer. 11 May, 

1861. Salem. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 
Mountain; returned to duty, 14 Sept., 1862. Re-enlisted. 
— See Second Term. 

Barker, Benjamin. 44. Salem, Mass. Baker. 5 Aug., 

1862. Salem. — Discharged for disability, . . Jan., 1863. 
Bennett, Thomas Y. 23. Nantucket, Mass. Sailor. 

20 May, 1861. Nantucket. — Killed in action, 17 Sept., 
1862, at Anti^tam. 
Berry, Eben. P. 36. Andover, Me. Shoemaker. 29 
July, 1862.Lynn. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



326 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Brown, Frederick H. 18. Lowell, Mass. Farmer. 18 

June, 1861. Lowell. — Missing, and doubtless killed in 

action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 
Brown, George H. A. 28. Exeter, N.H. Shoemaker. 

28 July, 1862. Lynn. — Died of pneumonia, 3 Feb., 

1863, at Washington, D.C 
Brown, John F. 25. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. 28 July, 

1862. Lynn. — Wounded in left arm (amputated), 3 July, 

1863, at Gettysburg; discharged in consequence, 7 Oct., 
1863. [Was chosen a Representative from Lynn to the 
Legislature of 1864.] 

Browning, George F, 26. Salem, Mass. Sailor. 11 
May, 1861. Salem.— First sergeant, 24 May, 1861. 
Appointed quartermaster-sergeant, 9 Oct., 1861. — See- 
Non-commissioned Staff. Also Commissioned Offcers. 

BuMPUS, Ephraim. 26. Mercer, Me. Weaver. 7 Oct., 
1861. Lowell. — Died of typhoid fever, 30 Dec, 186b 
at Alexandria, Va. 

BuRBANK, Nathan. 18. Salem, Mass. Waiter. 11 May, 

1861. Salem. — Comj^any-musician, April, 1862, to 1 Dec, 

1862. Deserted June, 1863. 

BuRNHAM, An^^os p. 19. Danvers, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Wenham. — Corporal, 4 Sept., 1863. 
Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; re- 
turned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. Wounded in ankle, 3 
May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to- duty, 14 
Sept., 1863. ,Re-enlisted 7 Feb., 1864. — See Seco7id 
Term. 

Byron, Francis. 19. Oxford, Me. Farmer. 20 Aug., 1862. 
Gloucester. — Discharged for disability, 15 Feb., 1864. 

Cahill, Robert C. 19. Ballihale, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Marblt^head.— Transferred, 28 Dec, 1861, 
to Company H., which see. 

Caret, James. " 29. N.S. Farmer. 7 Oct., 1861. Low- 
ell. — Died of typhoid fever, 14 Feb., 1862, at Frederick, 
Md. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 327 

Carlen, Samuel. 35. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Mustered out 28 May, 18G4. 

Casey, David. 23. Topsfie^l, Mass. Butcher. 11 May, 
1861. Topsfield. — Sergeant, 24 May, 1861. Taken 
prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to 
duty, 14 Sept., 1862. Re-eulisted. — See Second Term. 

Chase, James A. 27. Newburyport, INIass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Hamilton. ^ Wounded in shoulder, and 
paralyzed by bullet on breast-plate, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg; died in consequence, 16 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Cleaves, Henry F. 20. Beverly, Mass. Currier. 11 
May, 1861. Beverly. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, 
while in hospital at AVinchester ; discharged (a paroled 
prisoner) 16 July, 1862. 

Clooney, John J. 15. Charlottetown, P.E. Island. Ap- 
prentice. May, 1861. Boston. — Company-musician, 24 
May, 1861. Taken prisoner by guerillas, 18 July, 1862, 
near Front Royal, Va. ; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. 
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

CociiUANE, John. 18. Liverpool, P^ngland. Seaman. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain. 

CoNLEY, George. 19. Eastport, Me. Box-maker. May, 

1861. LowelL ^ Corporal, 9 Oct., 1861. Sergeant, 11 
March, 1863. Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862_, at Cedar 
Mountain; returned to duty, 7 Jan., 1863. Detached on 
service at Boston Harbor, 26 July, 1863 ; absent, 28 May, 
1864, when mustered out. 

CuRTiN, Joseph. 41. Ireland. Tailor. 20 Aug., 1862. 

Somerville. — Detached to Division Ambulance Corps, 19 

Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Daily, James. 19. Galway, Ireland. Printer. 5 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Wounded in thigh and in leg, 3 July, 

1863. at Gettysburg. Mustered out 2^ ^Nlay, 1864. 
Daily, Timothy. 36. Mallow, Ireland. Currier. 11 May, 

1861. Salem. — Wounded in thigh, 9 Aug., 1862, at 



328 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 14 Nov., 
1862. 

Dennis, William H. 26. Marblehead, Mass. Baker. 11 
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 
1862, at Winchester; returned to parole camp, Annapolis, 
Md., 14 Sept., 1862; discharged for disability in 1863. 

Deveney, John. 21. Gal way, Ireland. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Wounded in arm, 17 Sept., 1862, 
at Antietam ; discharged for disability, by order of Gen- 
eral Martindale, 14 Nov., 1862. 

Donovan, William. 17. Liverpool, England. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in chest, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain; died in consequence, 26 Aug., 
1862, at Alexandria, Va. 

Duffy, James. 28. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 1 1 May, 
1861. Marblehead. — Corporal, 12 Oct., 1861, to 22 Nov., 

1861. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; re- 
turned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Dyer, James. 24. Bridgeton, N.S. Cordwainer. 4 Aug., 

1862. Lynn. — Discharged for disability, 17 Jan., 1863. 
Died at Eastern Railway Station in Boston, on his way 
home. 

Edavards, Charles W. 26. Beverly, Mass. Painter. 1 1 
May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 9 Oct., 1861; sergeant, 
17 April, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Emerson, Asa W. 21. Rowley, Mass. Blacksmith. 11 
May, 1861. Rowley. — Detailed to Commissary Depart- 
ment, 7, Sept., 1861. Appointed quartermaster-sergeant, 
1 April, 1863. — See Non-commissioned Staff. 

Emerson, Charles H. 19. Epsom, N.H. Shoemakei-. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Killed in action (by shot from a 
house), 25 May, 1862, at Winchester. 

Evans, William. 18. Kearney, Ireland. Shoemaker. 11 
May, l.'^ei. Marblehead. — Wounded in groin, 3 July, 

1863. at Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 329 

Frrrir, William. 26. England. Machinist. 20 Aug., 
18G2. Boston. — Wounded in leg, 3 May, 18G3, at Chan- 
cellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 24 Sept., 18G3. 

Fitzgerald, Conrad. 20. Salem, Mass. Seaman. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 24 May, 1861. Desert- 
ed 13 June, 18G2. 

Flood, Patrick. 24. Askell, Ireland. Farmer. May, 
1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 28 Sept., 
1861. 

Foster, John. 36. Tyrone, Ireland. Shoemaker. 12 
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Died of typhoid fever, 25 Jan., 
1863, at Alexandria, Va. 

Frames, Murdoch. 19. Upper Stewaick, N.S. Wheel- 
wright. 11 May, 1861. Boxford (Topsfield?). — Killed 
in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Fuller, David. 28. Danvers, Mass. Shoemaker. 1 1 May, 
1861. Danvers. — Enlisted wagoner, 24 May, 18G1. Or- 
derly at regimental headquarters, 1 July, 1861. Discharged 
for disability, 12 July, lis 62. 

Gardner, Robert. 40. ... Mass. Seaman. 11 May, 

1861. Beverly (Salem?). — Discharged for disability, 9 
Dec, 1861. 

GiLDAY, Edward. 23. Charlestown, Mass. Currier. 11 
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 

1 862, at Antietam ; not disabled. Re-enlisted. — See 
Second Term. 

GoETZ, Fritz. 21. Germany. . Laborer. 20 Aug., 1862. 
Brookline. — Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg ; died in consequence, 6 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

GooDALE, Lewis E. 19. Danvers, Mass. • Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Danvers. — Discharged for disability, 9 
March, 1863. 

GooDWLN, Horatio E. 23. Shapleigh, Me. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Danvers (?). — Corporal, 24 May, 18G1, to 
26 July, 1862. Term of service prolonged. Killed in 
action, 30 July, 18G4, near Atlanta. 



330 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Gould, Benjamin F. Andover, Mass, Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Middleton. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 
19 April, 1864. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Gould, James. 28. New Boston, N.U. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Beverly. — Discharged for disability, 1 March, 
1863. 

Grey, Thomas H. 21. Troy, N.Y. Seaman. 11 May, 
1861. Wenham. — Corporal, 24 May, 1861. Killed in 
action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Groves, George. 28. Cork, Ireland. Grocer. 11 May, 
1861. Marblehead. — Deserted 2 July, 1861. 

Hatch, Daniel A. 23. Portsmouth, N.H. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Hopedale.— Corporal, 24 May, 1861, to 
9 Oct., 1861, when returned to the ranks at his own 
request. Wounded in chest, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg* 
died in consequence in 1864, at York, Pa. 

Haverty, John F. 19. Athenroy, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Milford (Marblehead ?). — Wounded in 
left arm (amputated), 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; 
discharged in consequence, 26 Dec, 1862. 

Hennesy, David. 24. Mallow, Ireland. Currier. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 22 Nov., 1861, to 29 
Nov., 1862. — Wounded in the hand, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 10 Aug., 1863. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

HiNES, John. 18. Sligo, Ireland. Shoemaker. 11 May, 
1861. Marblehead. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain.' 

HoGAN, John L. 24. Cork, Ireland. Currier. 11 May, 
1861. Marblehead, — Discharged for disability (caused by 
accident). 

Hoyt, Albert J. 18. Northwood, N.H. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Epsom, N.H. — Womided in thigh, 3 May, 
1863, at Chancellorsville ; died in consequence, 29 May, 
1863, at Washington, D.C. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 331 

Huntress, William IT. 21. Worcester, Mass. Shoe- 
maker. 11 May, 1861. Portsmouth (Plaistow ?), N.H. 
— Detached to gimboat on the Mississippi, 18 Feb., 1862. 
Discharged for disability in Jan., 1863. 

Hutchinson. Nathan H. 21. Rowley, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Rowley. — Taken prisonei*, 25 May, 1862, 
at Winchester ; i-eturned to Annapolis, Md., and died there, 
of typhoid fever, 25 Sept., 1862. 

Hyde, Dearborn F. 23. Ossipee, N.H. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. South Danvers. — Detailed wagoner, 1 July 
1861, to 20 July, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Jewell, Franklin. 18. Hopkinton, N.H. Seaman. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain. 

JoTE, Robert H. 24. Salem, Mass. Painter. 11 INIay, 
1861. Salem. — Corporal, 24 May, 1861; sergeant, 12 
Oct., 1861. Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antie- 
tam; discharged in consequence, 21 Nov., 1862. 

JuHNKE, Charles. 38. Fladerbarn (?), Germany. Cabinet- 
maker. 11 May, 1861. Manchester. Re-enHsted. — See 
Second Term. 

KiMiJxVLL, Palmer. 21. Kennebunk, Me. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Discharged for disability, 20) April, 
1863. 

Kneeland, Josiah M. 36. Ipswich, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Ipswich. Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

KNipiiT, Jeremiah. 43. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 1862, at 
Antietam ; not disabled. Discharged for disability, 22 
Feb., 1863. Enlisted subsequently in Second Massachu- 
setts Artillery. 

Langmaii), George W. 26. Chichester, N.H. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 24 May, 1861; ser- 
geant, 14 Jan., 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. Wounded 



332 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS ESTFANTRY. 

in hand, 3 May, 18G3, at Chancellorsville ; absent in hos- 
pital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Larkabee, William H. 28. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Salem. — Sergeant. 24 May, 1861, to 26 
July, 1862, when returned to the ranks, at his own request, 
on account of ill-health. Missing (doubtless killed in ac- 
tion), 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Larry, Daniel. 20. Goffstown, N.H. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Wenham. Re-enlisted. — ^ee Second Term. 

Leach, Augustus A. 21. Stoughton, Mass. Clerk. 30 
July, 1862. Stoughton. — Wounded in leg, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 22 Sept., 
1863. 

LiBBY, Addison C. 29. G . . ., Me. Farmer. May, 1861. 
Boston. — Discharged for disability (from accident), 2 Jan., 
1864. 

Magarvey, James. 24. Collihilan, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in knee, 17 
Sept., 1862, at Antietam; discharged in consequence, 18 
March, 1863. 

Magee, William. 18. Hartford, Ct. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Maguire, James. 22. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Wenham. — Corporal, 26 July, 1862. Wound- 
ed in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 
5 Nov., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Manning, Thomas (1st). 37. Boston, Mass. Seaman.. 11 
May, 1861. Boston. — Detached to gunboat on the Missis- 
sippi, 14 Feb., 1862; discharged for disability, 26 Jan., 
1863. 

Manning, Thomas (2d). 22. Tewksbury, Mass. Farmer. 
11 Oct., 1861. Tewksbury. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. 
Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 333 

Marshall, William. 32. East Weare, N.II. Machinist. 
5 Aug., 1862. Boston. — Killed iu action, 3 July, 18G3, 
at Gettysburg. 

Martin, Thomas J. 35. Boston, Mass. Painter. 21 
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 
Sept., 1863. 

Martin, William. 42. Chesterville, Me. liootmaker. 6 
Aug., 1862. Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Maynard, William W. 22. Tewksbury, Mass. Cabinet- 
maker. May, 1861. Tewksbury (Lowell?). Detailed 
wagoner, July, 1861. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

McCarthy, Charles. 18. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 
1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 3 Nov., 1863. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

McCarthy, Daniel. 19. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in arm and in each 
leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. Mustered ont, in 
hospital, 16 June, 1864. 

McCarthy, John. 20. Springfield, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Beverly. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

McLay, James. 18. Sydney, N.S. Painter. 6 Aug., 
1862. East Boston. — Died of typhoid fever, 5 Oct., 1862, 
at Frederick, Md. 

Mehan, Dennis. 18. Salem, INIass. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Appointed marker, 1861 ; corporal, 
26 July, 1862; sergeant, 29 July, 1862; first sergeant, 
1 Sept., 1862. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 9 Nov., 
1862. — See Commissioned Officers. 

MooRi-:, William A. 19. East Woburn, Mass. Seaman. 
. . May, 1861. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, 
at Winchester; returned to duty, 20 Oct., 1862. Wounded 
(lost left eye), 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned 
to duty, 18 Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 



334 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Morgan, William F. 33. Gloucester, Mass. Mariner. 

28 July, 1862. Lynn. — Corporal, 1 Jan., 18G3; ser- 
geant, 23 Dec, 18G3. Wounded in ankle, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg; returned to duty, 21 Dec, 1863. Re-enlisted. 
— See Second Term. 

MuDGE, William R. 23. Lynn, Mass. Photographer. 

29 July, 1862. Lynn. — Wounded by shot (laterally) 
through the head, losing both eyes, 3 May, 1863, at Chan- 
cellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 11 Oct., 1863. 

Murphy, James. 23. L-eland. Shoemaker. 11 May, 1861. 
Marblehead. — Corporal, 3 May, 1863 ("for gallantry in 
action at Chancellors ville "), and color-corporal. Was color- 
bearer at the close of the action at Gettysbui'g. Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

MuRRY, James M. 23. Ireland. Tailor. 28 July, 1862. 
Lynn. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Oakes, George A. 20. Gloucester, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Wenham. — Wounded in each leg, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 5 
Dec, 1862. 

Oliver, John H. 24. Belfast, Me. Shoemaker. 11 May, 
1861. Beverly. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1862, and color-cor- 
poral, to 18 Aug., 1863, when returned to the ranks at his 
own request. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winches- 
ter ; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See 
Second Term. 

Peabody, David B. 19. Boxford, Mass. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. Mid'dleton. — AVounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 18 Aug., 1863. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Phalen, Edward A. 20. Salem, Mass. Salesman. 1 1 May, 
1861. Salem. — Sergeant, 24 May, 1861 ; first sergeant, 
9 Oct., 1861. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 13 July, 
1862. — -'See Commissioned Officers. Wounded in arm 
and in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain (before ar- 
rival of commission). 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 335 

PiERCic, John B. 21. Wellfleet, Mass. Teamster. 29 
July, 18G2. Swampscot. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

PiNKiiAM, Daniel G. 42. Milton, Mass. Mason. 9 Aug., 
1802. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 18 July, 1863. 

Preston, John C. 19. Salem, Mass! Sailor. 11 May, 
1801. Salem. — Company-musician, 24 May, 18G1, to 
. . Sept., 18G1, when injured by accidental shot. Detached 
to DiVision Ambulance Corps, 19 Oct., 1802. Discharged 
for disability, 10 Nov., 1803. 

QuiNN, Joseph. 19. Salem, Mass. Currier. 11 May, 

1801. Salem. — Discharged as a minor, 1 July, 1801. 
Reckards, Philo. 21. Turner, Me. Bootmaker. 30 July, 

1802. North Easton. — Died of typhoid fever, 28 Sept., 
1862, at Laytonsville (near Rockville), Md. 

Reckards, Seth. 24. Palmyra, Me. Bootmaker, 30 
July, 1862. North Easton. — Deserted 28 Aug., 1802. 

Regan, John. 40. Ireland. Laborer. 18 Aug., 1862. 
Boston. — Wounded in wrist, 3 July, 1803, at Gettys- 
burg; returned to duty, 3 Nov., 1803. Re-enlisted. — See 
Second Term. 

Rice, William H. C. 19. Islington (London), England. 
Shoemaker. 11 May, 1801. Salem. — Wounded in leg, 
25 May, 1862, at Winchester; discharged in consequence, 
9 Dec, 1802. 

RowE, John M. 20. Gloucester, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1801. Wenham. — Corporal, 24 Sept., 1802." Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Sanborn, Levi C. 19. . . . N.H. Painter. 11 May, 1801. 
Lowell. — Corporal, 14 Jan., 1803. Taken prisoner, 25 
May, 1802, at Winchester; returned to duty, 14 Oct., 
1802. Wounded in right arm, 3 July, 1803, at Gettys- 
burg; discharged in consequence, 6 Jan., 1804. 

SciiERB, E. Vitalis. 44. Basle, Switzerland. Lecturer. 
8 Aug., 1802. Boston. — Sent to hospital, 22 Aug., 1802, 
and never returned. Dropped from the rolls. Died of 
heart-disease, at Philadelphia, 11 July, 1865. 



336 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Sebbens, Rufus W. 20 Me. Carpenter. May, 

1861. Lowell. — Enlisted in United-States Cavalry in 

18G2. 
Shea, David. 20. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 May, 

1861. Wenham. — Died of typhoid fever, 28 Dec, 1861, 

at Alexandria, Va. 
Shea, John J. 18. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 May, 

1861. Marblehead (Boston?). — Wounded in side, 17 Sept., 

1862, at Antietam ; returned to duty, 11 March, 1863. 
Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned 
to duty, 8 Oct., 1863. Re-enlistcd. — See Second Term. 

SOPEE, William M. 30. Livermore, Me. Currier. 11 
May, 1861. Beverly. — Company cook, 1 July, 1861. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Stacy, John W. 18. Annismullen, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Marblehead. — Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Stanley, Joseph M. 20. Beverly, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Beverly. — Discharged for disability, 14 Dec, 
1862. 

Staples, George, 37. Sebago, Me. Ship-carpenter. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Killed in action, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester. 

Stewart, Jolin. 27. Middleton, Mass. Carpenter. 11 
May, 1861. Middleton. — Re -enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Stewart, Levi D. 30. Fox Island, Me. Machinist. 22 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Detached as pioneer, First Divi- 
sion, 6 April, 1862. Taken prisoner, 23 May, 1862, 
at Front Royal, Va. ; returned to duty, 12 Oct., 1862. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Stone, Henry Van D. 19. Brooklyn, JS\Y. Student. 7 
Aug., 1862. Brookline. — Corporal, 19 Nov., 1862. Sec- 
ond lieutenant, 20 March, 1863. — See Commissioned 
Officers. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 337 

Stoxk, James K. 21. Boston, Mass. Student. 7 Aug., 
1862. Brookliue. — Corporal, 24 Sept., lsG2. Promoted 
to be second lieutenant, to date from 10 Aug., 18G2. — See 
Commissioned Officers. 

Stonehall, John. 20. Lowell, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 18G1. Danvers. — Missing (and doubtless killed) 
in action. 9 Aug., 18G2, at Cedar Mountain. 

Strafford, James M. 32. . North Attleboro', Mass. En- 
gine-driver. Jl May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 12 June, 
1861 ; sergeant, 24 Sept., 1862; 1st sergeant, 1 Jan., 1863. 
Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; re- 
turned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Sullivan, Daniel. 17. Boston, Mass. Farmer. 11 May, 
1861. Beverly (Lowell ?).— Corporal, 1 Jan., 1863. 
Wounded in abdomen, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; 
died in consequence, 14 May, 1863, at Aquia Landing, Va. 

SwF.KNY, Morgan. 18. Ireland. Currier. 11 May, 1861. 
Salem. — Discharged for disability, 15 Sept., 1861. En- 
listed subsequently in the Ninth Massachusetts. 

Tucker, George H. 28. Saco, Me. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. South Danvers. — Detached to cori)s-post office, 
24 July, 1861, to February, 1862. Taken prisoner, 25 
May, 1862, at AVinchester; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. 
Taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at Cliancellorsville; re- 
turned to Annapolis, Md., and died there, of typhoid fever, 
23 Nov., 1863. 

Tyler, Alonzo C. 25. Augusta, Me. Engine-driver. May, 
1861. Tewksbury (Lowell ?). — Detailed wagoner, 1 July, 

1861. Discharged for disability, 22 Feb., 1863. 
Voller, Benjamin H. 45. Salem, Mass. Brewer. 11 

May, 1861. Salem. — Discharged for disability, 14 Oct., 

1862. [Died in Salem, of consumption, shortly after- 
wards.] 

Wallace, Thomas. 40. Cork, Ireland. Teamster. 22 
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
22 



338 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Waltkr, Horace A. 28. Nevvfield, Me. Shoemaker. 7 
Oct., 18G1. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, . . . Jan., 
1862. 

Warren, Lnammi B. 18 N.H. Shoemaker. 11 

May, 18G1. Ipswich (Ossipee, N.H.?). — Corporal, 24 
May, ISGl. Deserted 9 June, 1861. 

Welch, David C. 26. Baltimore, Md. Cigar-maker. 29 
July, 1862. Lymi. — Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Feb., 1864. 

White, William. 22. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 May, 
1861. Lawrence (Middleton?). — Wounded in thigh, 9 
Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 5 Nov., 
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Wildes, William H. 18. North Andover, Ma^s. Farmer. 
11 May, 1861. Middleton. — Corporal, 4 Sept., 1863. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Williams, Henry. 42. Downington, Penn. Slioemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Boxford. — Corporal, 24 May, 1861, to 
9 Oct., 1861, when returned to the ranks at his own re- 
quest. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

WiLLiSTON, William W. 20. Salem, Mass. Printer. 11 
May, 1861. Salem. — Missing (and doubtless killed) in 
action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Wilson, Benjamin H. 28 Md. Machinist. May, 

1861. Groton. — Deserted 17 Aug., 1861. 

Woodman, Samuel W. 20. South Danvers, Mass. Shoe- 
maker. 11 May, 1861. South Danvers. — Wounded 
twice in arm, in leg, and in side, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg; absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864. Mustered out, 
date and place unknown. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 339 



COMPANY D. 



Aldkn, George H. 22. Templeton, Mass. Brakeman. 
May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Appointed marker, May, 1861. 
Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. En- 
listed in Fifth United-States Artillery, 2 April, 1863. 

Allkn, Charles. 22. Diana, N.Y. Macliiuist. 15 May, 

1861. Boston.— Corporal, 13 July, 1862. Sergeant, 26 
Nov., 1862. Wounded m leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; 
returned to duty, 17 Dec, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Anderson, John E. 26. West Boylston, Mass. Boot- 
maker. May, 1861. West Boylston. — Corporal, 1 May, 

1862. Sergeant, 15 Feb., 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 
1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, October, 1862. 
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Andrews, John. 24. ... England. Mariner. 7 July, 

1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 19 Dec, 1862. 

Antony, Wilbur F. 22. Daltou, Mass. Sawyer. May, 

1861. Tyringham. — Corporal, May, 1861. Deserted 17 

June, 1861. 
Balcom, Myron L. 23. Watertown, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Marlboro'. — Killed in action, 17 Sept., 

1862, at Antietam. 

Barry, Patrick. 22. Lenox, Mass. Mechanic. May, 1861. 
Lee (Northampton?). — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

B.VKRY, William. 28. Cork, Ireland. Bootmaker. 16 
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at 
Ciiancellorsville ; never returned. Dropped from the rolls, 
17 Dec, 1863, as deserter. 

Bartlett, Anson B. 22. Boston, Mass. Fainter. May, 
1861. Clinton. — Corporal, 12 July, 1862. Wounded in 
neck, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; enlisted (without re- 
turning to duty) in United-States Infantry, 2 April, 1863. 

Beach, William. 18. Louth, Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. Oakdale. — Discharged as a minor, 30 May, 1862. 



340 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY. 

Bean, Walter F. 18. Lowell, Mass. Teamster. 15 Oct., 

1861. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester ; returned to duty, 27 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 
15 Oct., 1864. 

Berrigan, Kerin. 35. . . . Ireland. Laborer. 7 July, 

1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Teryn. 
BiCKFORD, Charles H. 26. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 

18 Aug., 1862. Lowell. — Deserted 8 Feb., 1863. 
BiCKFORD, Walter. 32. Gardner, Mass. Fireman. 11 

May, 1861. Gardner. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at 

Cedar Mountain. 
Billings, Alfred. 21. Reading, Mass. Farmer. 12 May, 

1861. Lunenburg. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Ih-m. *■ 
Billings, Amos. 19. Reading, Mass. Farmer. 12 May, 

1861. Lunenburg. — Died of diphtheria, 26 July, 1862, at 

Little Washington, Va. 
BiSBEE, Chai-les E. 18. Springfield, Vt. House painter. 

11 May, 1861. New-York City (Fitchburg?). — Taken 

prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 

25 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Bliven, Arthur. 19. Lenox, Mass. Teamster. 11 May, 

1861. Lenox. — Corporal, 18 Feb., 1862. Sergeant, 4 
Nov., 1862. First sergeant, 11 May, 1863, to 25 Aug., 

1863. Sergeant again, 4 March, 1864. Detaclied on re- 
cruiting service, 11 April, 1864. Re-enlisted 30 April, 

1864. — See Second Term. 

Blood, George F. 23. Stow, Mass. Fireman. 23 June, 

1862. Boston. — Wounded in face, 17 Sept., 1862, at An- 
tietam ; returned to duty, 2 Nov., 1863. Absent sick, 30 
May, 1865, in hospital at Worcester, when mustered out. 

Blunt, William H. 20. West Boylston, Mass. Boot- 
maker. 11 May, 186-1. West Boylston. — Corporal, 26 
Nov., 1862. Sergeant, 13 June, 1863. Wounded through 
abdomen, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; died in consequence, 
13 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 341 

Booth, Alvin O. 24. Alstead, N.TI. Sawyer. Miiy, ISGl. 
Ashbj (Fitchbnrg?). — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 1 
July, 1861. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Boston, George H. 20. Littleton, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Winchendon. — Deserted 19 May, 1863. 

Brooks, Albert E. 24. ...Mass. Mechanic. 11 May, 
1861. Westminster. — Drowned in Charles River, West 
Roxbury, Mass., 2 June, 1861. 

Bruce. George A. 30. Fitchbnrg, Mass. House painter. 
1 1 May, 18G1. Fitchburg (Winchendon ?). — Corporal, 1 
May, 1862, to 11 May, 1863, when returned to the ranks 
during prolonged absence. Re-enlisted. -^ See Second 
Term. 

Cahill, John. 19. Lee, Mass. Mechanic. 11 May, 1861, 
Lee (Northampton?). — Taken prisoner, 4 Sept., 1862, at 
Chantilly, Va. ; returned to duty, 22 Dec, 1862. Dis- 
charged -for disability, 15 Jan., 1863. 

Cassidy, William. 28. Oxford, C.W. Farmer. 11 May, 

1861. Leominster. — Deserted 3 Sept., 1863. 

Chase, Charles H. 19. Boston, Mass. Clerk. May, 1861. 
Boston. — Enlisted company musician. May, 1861. Dis- 
charged for disability, 28 June, 1861. 

Chasi:, William P. 23. Holden, Mass. Bootmaker. 11 
May, 1861. Oakdale. — Wounded in shoulder, 17 Sept., 

1862, at Antietam; discharged in consequence, 23 Nov., 
1862. 

Cheney, Gilbert A. 23. Worcester, Mass. Fireman, 
14 May, 1861. Fitchburg -(Newton?). — Wounded in 
groin, in thigh (three places), while in color guard, 17 
Sept., 1862, at Antietam; died in consequence, 29 Oct., 
1862, at Frederick, Md. 

Cheney, Harvey A. 18. Chesterfield, N.H. Ciiairmaker. 
11 May, 1861. Ashbnrnliam. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to 
14 Aug., 1861. Discharged as a minor, 13 Sept., 1862. 

Childs, Isaac. 26. Leicester, Mass. Mechanic. 11 May, 
1861. Oakdale. — Wounded 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 



342 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Mountain ; returned to duty. Killed in action, 17 Sept., 

1862, at Antietam. 
Clapp, Cyrus J. 22. Leicester, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 

May, 1861. Rindge, N.H. — Discharged for disability, 19 

Oct., 1861. 
Clapp, Samuel B. 19. Peterboro', N.H. Mechanic. 11 

May, 1861. Gardner. — Died of measles, 27 Dec, 1861, 

at Alexandria, Va. 
Cleayes, Charles. 21. Dayton, Me. Seaman. 15 May, 

1861. Dayton, Me. — Corporal, 6 Aug., 1861, to 26 Nov., 

1862, when returned to the ranks during prolonged absence. 
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, while hospital attendant at 
Winchester : was paroled, but never returned to duty ; and 
was dropped from the rolls, as deserter, 8 Feb., 1863. 

Cobb, Horatio S. 19. East Bennington, Vt. Blacksmith. 
11 May, 1861. Lee. — Detailed company musician, June, 

1861. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

CoLBURN, Charles H. 22. Philadelphia, Pa. Musician. 
27 June, 1862. Boston. — Dropped from the rolls, 7 Oct., 

1862, as deserter. 

Coleman, Michael. 19. Ballimasloe, Ireland. Mechanic. 
1 1 May, 1861. Hinsdale. — Taken prisoner, 4 Sept., 1862, 
near Chantilly ; deserted from parole camp, and was 
dropped from the rolls, 25 Dec, 1862. 

CoLViN, Frederick. 18. Rhodesville, Conn. Spinner. 11 
May, 1861. Oakdale. — Wounded in abdomen, 25 May, 
1862, at Winchester; died in consequence, 1 June, 1862, 
at Winchester. 

CoNANT, Alphonso. 21. Salisbury, Vt. Joiner. May, 
1861. Fairhaven, Ct. — Dischai'ged for disability, 1 Jan., 
1863. 

Crocker, Harry A. 24. Moriah, N.Y. Mechanic. 11 
May, 1861. Winchendon. — Sergeant, May, 1861. Wound- 
ed in leg, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; discharged in 
consequence, 23 Nov., 1862. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 343 

Crosby, Reuben G. 31. Brattleboro', Vt. Engine-driver. 
7 July, 18G2. Boston. — Detailed as hospital attendant, 

1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Curtis, George S. 22. Sussex Co., England. Farmer. 

11 May, 1861. Lunenburg. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Dee, James J. 22. Boston, Mass. Plate printer. 11 
Sept., 1862. Boston. — Wounded in hand, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg ; deserted from hospital in Philadelphia, and 
was dropped from the rolls, 23 Sept., 1863. 

Derr, John. 28. Wodenburg, Germany. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg. 

Douglass, Robert. 24. Cambridge, Mass. Carpenter. 
7 Aug., 1862. Cambridgeport. — Wounded in hand, 3 July, 

1863, at Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 
Nov., 1863. 

Draper, Edward. 23. Baltimore, Md. Clerk. 7 July, 
1862. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 
Mountain ; dropped from the rolls as deserter from parole 
camp. 

Eager, William 0. 28. Barre, Mass. Farmer. 11 May, 
1861. Westminster. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 20 June, 

1861. Detailed as regimental wagoner . . . 1862, to 18 
Oct., 1862; detached to corps supply-train, 30 Jan., 1863, 
to 26 July, 1863. Detailed as regimental wagoner, 18 
Sept., 1863, to 30 Oct., 1863 ; and 13 Nov., 1863. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Ela, William H. 29. Boston, Mass. Printer. 13 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Detailed as hospital attendant, 9 Nov., 

1862, to 11 May, 1863. Wounded through lungs, 3 July, 

1863, at Gettysburg; died in consequence, 11 July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg. 

Far WELL, Abel, jun. 23. Boylston, Mass. Shoemaker. 

12 May, 1861. Fitchburg. ^ Corporal, May, 1861, to 4 
June, 1861. Ward-master in hospital at Frederick, Md. 



344 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Discharged 28 Feb., 18C3, to receive the appointment of 

hospital steward. 
Far WELL, Charles B. 19. Boylston, Mass. Shoemaker. 

May, 1861. Northboro'. — Discharged for disability, 13 

Sept., 18G1. 
Fay, Benjamin F. 22. Winchendon, Mass. Railway 

clerk. 11 May, 1861. Ashburnham, — Corporal, 3 July, 

1861. Color corporal, 4 July, 1862. Killed in action, 9 
Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Fielding, Gershom W. 32. ' Columbia, N.Y. Mechanic. 
11 May, 1861. Tyringham. — Discharged for disability, 

16 Dec, 1861, 

FiTZGiBBON, James C. 23. Limerick, Ireland. Machinist. 
11 May, 1861. Ashby. — Corporal, 27 Aug., 1863. Taken 
prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; returned to duty, 
25 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Grey, William. 24. Glasgow, Scotland. Miner, 8 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Hadley, Isaac C. 30. Moretown, Vt. Joiner. 11 May 

1861. South Royalston (Winchendon ?). — Discharged for 

disability, 11 Oct., 1861. 
Hall, John J, 27, Brandon, Vt. Teamster. 11 May, 

1861. Fitchburg. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, May, 

1861, Discharged for disability, June, 1861. 
Harris, William F. 19. Shirley, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 

May, 1861. Shirley. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Haskell, Charles T, 35, Portland, Me, Machinist. 

17 July, 1862, Lowell. — Ti'ansferred to Invalid Corps, 
30 Sept., 1863. 

Hayward, Horace P. 18. Fitchburg, JMass. Shoemaker, 
11 May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Discharged as a miuor, 10 
Aug., 1861. 

Heald, Charles II. 25. Ashburnham, Mass. Carpenter, 
11 May, 1861. Ashburnham. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1863, 
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1863, at Winchester; returned to 
duty, 2^) Oct., 1862, Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 345 

IIewins, Henry. 30. Sharon, Ma^s. Shoemaker. 4 Aug., 
18G2. Sharon. — Detached to division ambulance corps, 
29 Oct., 1862, to 4 Nov., 1862. Died of chronic diarrhoea, 
19 Dec, 1862, at Frederick, Md. 

IIiNKS, James P. 18. Providence, R.I. Ornamental 
painter. 11 May, 1861. Gardner. — Wounded in wrist, 
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar INIountain ; enlisted (without re- 
turning to duty) in the Eighteenth United-States Infantry, 
2 April, 1863. 

Holmes, Theodore D. 22. Lee, INIass. Papermaker. 1 1 
May, 1861. Tyringham. — Detailed as ordnance clerk, 15 
Sept., 1861 ; detached to corps post-office, 6 March, 1862. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

HosMER, George B. F. 18. Dover, Me. Bootmaker. 11 
May, 1861. Oakdale. — Detached on signal service, 10 
Sept., 1861 ; died of fever, in 1862, at Newbern, N.C. 

Houghton, Albert. 22. Lexington, Mass. Butcher. 12 
May, 1861. Leominster. — Wounded in hand, o May, 
1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, June, 1863. 
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Houghton, Roscoe E. 21. Lincoln, Me. Papermaker. 
May, 1861. Lee. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 3 July, 1861. 
Detached to corps post-office, 31 Aug., 1861 ; discharged 

I Jan., 1863, by order from War Department. 

Hyde, AVilliam. 25. Cheshire Co., England. Mechanic. 

II May, 1861. Oakdale. — Wounded in shoulder, 3 July, 
1863, at Gettysburg. Mustered out 24 May, 1864. 

Ingu.vm, Gilbert B. 24. Becket, Mass. Farmer. 11 May, 

1861. Tyringham. — Detailed as hospital attendant, in 

1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Kelley, Richard. 28. Boston, Mass. Hatter. 22 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Deserted 22 Dec, 1862. 
Kelliher, Michael. 18. Ireland. Farmer. 17 Feb., 

1862. . . . — Discharged for disability, 21 Dec, 1862. 
Kendall, Charles W. 20. Leominster, Mass. Mechanic. 

11 May, 1861. Ashburnham. — Corporal, June, 1861, to 



346 s:^coND Massachusetts infantry. 

26 Nov., 18G2, when returned to the ranks at his own 
request. Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 July, 1863. 
King, Edward H. 28. Boston, Mass. Moulder. 27 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
King, Ossian M. 33. Pomfret, Vt. Blacksmith. 1 1 May, 

1861. Fitchburg. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1863. Detached 
to Fourth United-States Artillery, 8 April, 1862, to 19 
Oct., 1862. Detailed as regimental wagoner, 5 Mai'ch, 

1863. to July, 1863; and 18 Sept., 1863, to 4 Nov., 1863. 
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

King, William J. 44. Lenox, INIass. Blacksmith. 11 
May, 1861. Tyringham. — Detailed as regimental black- 
smith, 21 July, 1861. Discharged for disability, 9 Oct., 
1862. 

Kinsman, Frederick. 22. Fitchburg, Mass. Cane-maker. 
May, 1861. Fitcliburg. — Detailed as attendant in regi- 
mental hospital, 27 Nov., 1861. Re-enlisted. — See Sec- 
ond Term. 

Lakin, Crosby. 23. Peru, Vt. Farmer. 11 May, 1861. 
Fitchburg. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at "Winches- 
ter ; returned to duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

Lakin, Jefferson. 22. Bennington, Vt. Fireman. 14 May, 

1861. Fitchburg. — Killed in action, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester, Va. 

Largee, Thomas. 23. Glasgow, Scotland. Soldier. 11 

May, 1861. Lunenburg. — Deserted 28 Feb., 1862. 
Leahy, Richard. 33. Cork, Ireland. Tailor. 22 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
Leary, Arthur. 18. Danvers, Mass. Tanner. 23 June, 

1862. Boston. — Wounded in arm, 17 Sept., 1862, at 
Antietam ; returned to duty, 26 Dec, 1862. Taken priso- 
ner, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville, and paroled; re- 
turned to duty, 23 March, 1864. Wounded in leg, 15 
May, 1864, at Resaca, and died in consequence, 18 June, 

1864. - 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 347 

LiTCiTFiKLD, Charles D. 21. Lunenburg, Mass. Farmer. 

11 May, 1861. Lunenburg. — Detailed as company cook, 

February, 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
Lynch, Michael. 35. Ireland. Lamplighter. 17 July, 

1862. Brookline. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 30 

Sept., 1863. 
Macombf.r. Elijah. 19. Bristol, Vt. Iron-roller. May, 

1861. Fairhaven, Vt.— Deserted 25 Aug., 1861. 
Maud, John. 42. Halifax, England. Painter. 30 Aug., 

1862. Framingham. — Wounded in hand, 3 July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg ; returned to duty, 3 Nov., 1863. Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

Maynard, Frederick. 24. South Hadley, Mass. Machin- 
ist. 11 May, 1861. Winchendon. — Corporal, May, 1861, 
to 15 April, 1862. Detailed as pioneer, First Division, 
29 May, 1862, to 26 Sept., 1862. Killed in action, 3 
July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Miller, Adam. 21. Bavaria. Accountant. May, 1861. 
Lee. — vSergeant, May, 1861. Promoted to be second 
lieutenant, 13 June, 1862. — See Commissioned Officers. 

Moi'LTOX, Ansel A. 24. Lyman, N.H. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. Fitchburg.— Corporal, 3 July, 1861, to 13 
July, 1862. Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 Aug., 1863. 

Nason, Edwin F. 20. Cincinnati, Ohio. Shoemakei*. 14 
May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Wounded 9 June, 1863, at 
Beverly Ford. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Nelson, Andrew. 18. Lowell, Mass. Printer. 23 Oct., 
1861. Lowell. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Get- 
tysburg, 

Newton. George B. 26. Mount Holly, Vt. Bootmaker. 
11 May, 1861. Oakdale. — Corporal, May, 1861. Died 
of putrid sore throat, 27 Dec, 1861, at Baltimore, Md. 

Neavton, Windsor A. 19. Mount Holly, Vt. Bootmaker. 
11 May, 1861. Oakdale. — Corporal, 1862. Wounded 
in neck, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; enlisted in Eigh- 
teenth United-States Infantry, 20 Dec, 1862. 



348 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Nutting, Allen A. 18. New Ipswich, N.H. Chairmaker. 
11 May, 1861. Ashbiirnham. — Corporal, 26 Nov., 1862; 
sergeant, 11 JNlay, 1863. Wounded in abdomen, near 
Beverly Ford, 9 June, 1863 ; died in consequence, 10 June, 
1863, at Alexandria, Va. 

O'Brien, James. 41. Cork, Ireland. Stone-mason. 26 
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Orne, David J. 23. Sutton, Vt. Machinist. 11 May, 
1861. Clinton. — Taken prisoner, 2.5 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Absent in hos- 
pital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Palmer, William. 23. Northbridge, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. West Boy Iston. — Corporal, May, 1861, 
to 15 June, 1861. Detached to gunboat on the Mississippi, 
18 Feb., 1862; discharged by orders of War Depart- 
ment. 

Parker, Theodore K. 19. Brighton, Mass. Machinist. 
May, 1861. Winchendon. — First sergeant, May, 1861. 
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned 
to duty, 24 Oct., 1862. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 
24 Oct., 1862. — See Commissioned Officers. 

Pi^RKHURST, William. 34. Townshend, Vt. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Springfield. — Deserted 5 July, 1861. 

Partridge, Henry J. 20. Westminster, Mass. Farmer. 
11 May, 1861. Westminster. — Taken prisoner at Get- 
tysburg; returned to duty, 22 May, 1864; mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Peterson, John. ,23. Germany. Clerk. May, 1861. 
Boston. — Wounded in face, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; 
kept in hospital at Frederick, Md. Dischai'ged by order 
of War Department, date not given. 

Phillips, George R. 18. Keene, N.H. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Leominster. — Corporal, 15 Feb., 1863. De- 
tailed as attendant in regimental hospital, 16 Nov., 1862, 
^ to 11 May, 1863. Wounded 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg, 
and taken prisoner; absent, 28 May, 1864, when mustered 
out. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 349 

PuiLMi'S, James M. 21. Keene, N.H. 20 May, 1861. 
Leominster. — Dropped from the rolls, 7 Oct., 1862; said 
to have been appointed a hospital steward. 

PiiiLLii's, William P. 42. Boston, Mass. Clerk. 4 Aug., 
1862. Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

PiEKCE, Henry O. 18. Westminster, Mass. Carpenter. 
11 May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Discharged for disability, 
30 Dec, 1862 ; died two weeks after reaching home. 

Pierce, Henry S. 18. Nashua, N.H. Farmer. 11 May, 
1861. Winchendon.— Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; not disabled. Wounded, in breast, 15 May, 
1864, at Resaca ; in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mus- 
tered out. 

Pollard, Edwin R. 23. Winchendon, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Winchendon. — Discharged for disability, 
13 Sept., 1861. 

Prescott, James M. 18. West Boylstou, Mass. Boot- 
maker. 11 May, 1861. Oakdale. — Taken prisoner, 25 
May, 1862, at Winchester; escaped at Mount Jackson, and 
returned to duty, June, 1862. Ee-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Prescott, William W. 20. West Boylston, Mass. Farmer. 
30 Aug., 1862. Oakdale. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Priest, M. Augustus. 19. Marlboro', Mass. Carpenter. 
11 May, 1861. Marlboro'. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1863, and 
color corporal. Wounded in leg, 15 May, 1864, at Resa- 
ca; mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Rafferty, Thomas. 23. Galway, Ireland. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. Lee. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester; returned to duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Mustered 
out 24 .July, 1865. 

Reeij, William H. 18. East Boston, Mass. Teamster. May, 

1861. East Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
Ropes, Edward E. '2b. Milton, Mass. Miner. 20 June, 

1862. Lawrence, Kansas. — Came from Kansas to AViu- 
chester, Va., to enlist iu a Massachusetts regiment. Mus- 
tered out 9 June, 1865. 



350 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Sadler, Rupert J. 19. Dublin, Ireland. Machinist. 10 
Oct., 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 26 Nov., 1862; color 
corporal, same date. Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg, while carrying the colors. 

Shattuck, Danforth. 18. Pepperell, Mass. Farmer. 
12 May, 1861. Pepperell. — Wounded in side (three ribs 
broken), 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; returned to duty, 5 
April, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Snoav, George W. 24. Orleans, Mass. Accountant. 11 
May, 1861. Nashua, N.H. — Sergeant, May, 1861. Dis- 
charged for disability, 2 Oct., 1862. 

Sweet, George H. 18. Tyringham, Mass. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. Tyringham. — Seized by writ of habeas cor- 
pus, at Boston, 8 July, 1861, as a minor. 

Tarbox, Charles. 23. Phillips, Me. Shoemaker. 12 May, 

1861. Fitchburg. — Corporal, 14 Feb., 1863. Transferred 
to Invalid Corps, 1 Aug., 1863. 

Taylor, James H. 21. Winchendon, Mass. Machinist. 

11 May, 1861. Winchendon. — Enlisted as company- 
musician. Detached to brigade band, 25 April, 1863. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Thojipson, Jedediah C. 23. New- York City. Mechanic. 
15 May, 1861 . Marlboro'. — Corporal, 3 July, 1861. Ser- 
geant, 10 July, 1862, to 11 May, 1863, when returned to 
the ranks during prolonged absence. Again corporal, 1 
Sept., 1863. Sergeant, 1 Nov., 1863. Wounded in hand, 
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, Aug., 
1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Thurston, Thomas B. 34. Fitchburg, Mass. Brakeman. 

12 May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Corporal, May, 1861. Ser- 
geant, 11 Aug., 1861. First sergeant, 1 Jan., 1863, to 11 
May, 1863, when made second sergeant ; again first sergeant, 
5 Sept., 1863. Taken prisoner (being disabled by shell), 
25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 'lb Oct., 

1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 



THE ENLISTJID MEN. 351 

TiCKNOU, George. 29. Brookfiekl, Mass. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. Tyringliam. — Discharged for disability, 9 
Oct., 1862. 

Toombs, AVilliam D. 19. "West Boylston, Mass. Boot- 
maker. 11 jNIay, 1861. Oakdale. — Detached as attendant 
in Twelfth Corps hospital, July, 1863; returned to duty, 9 
Dec, 1863. He-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

TowKR, Charles L. 31. Braintree, Mass. Shoemaker. 
4 March, 1862. . . . — Discharged for disability, 5 Dec, 
1862. 

Walker, Charles C. 22. Stow, Mass. Shoemaker. 12 
May, 1861. Lnnenburg. — Transferred to Invalid Corps. 

Webster, George W. 37. Hooksett, N.H. Clergyman. 
May, 1861. Bedford. — Discharged for disability, Oct., 
1862. Re-enlisted in the Thirty-sixth Massachusetts. 

"Wetherbee, Joseph A. 24. Westminster, ]\Iass. Me- 
chanic. 13 May, 1861. Westminster. — Discharged for 
disability, 30 Dec, 1862. 

Whyte, Alfred M. 22. ISIarlboro', N.II. Weaver. 11 
May, 1861. West Boylston. — Wagoner, 4 July, 1861. 
Wounded 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; died in conse- 
quence, 8 Oct., 1862. 

Wilcox, Franklin B. 21. Mendon, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Westminster. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Woodward, Melvin M. 22. Kinderhook, N.T. Mason. 
11 May, 1861. Lee. — Corporal, 18 Feb., 1862, to 26 
Nov., 1862, when returned to the ranks during prolonged 
absence. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; 
transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 July, 1863. 



352 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



COMPANY E. 

Adams, Edmund J. 38. Bellingham, Mass. Trader. 29 
Jj^ily, 18G2. Bellingham. — Discharged for disability, 19 
Feb., 1863. 

Adams, Lyman. 30. Bellingham, Mass. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. Franklin. — Taken prisoner, August, 1861, 
near Harj^er's Ferry ; returned to parole camp, from which 
he deserted. 

Adams, Milton S. 27. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. 11 
May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861, to 29 
Sept., 1862 ; again, 3 Nov., 1862, to 19 March, 1864. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Alexander, Isaac. 24. Ayrshire, Scotland. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Ware. — Taken prisoner, August, 1861, 
near Harper's Ferry; returned to duty, 24 March, 1862. 
Wounded in shoulder, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; dis- 
charged in consequence, 12 Oct., 1862. 

Allen, Sidney W. 18. Milford, Mass. Bootmaker. 11 
May, 1861. Medway. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, September, 1862. 
Wounded in heel, 17 Sept., 1862, at Autietam ; returned 
to duty, 1 March, 1864. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Bacon, William H. 20. Palmer, Mass. Bootmaker. 11 
May, 1861. Ware. — Left with wounded, in August, 
1862 ; and never returned. Dropped as desertei*. 

Ballou, Albert A. 30. Wrentham, Mass. Bootmaker, 
il May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 31 Aug., 1863. 
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; returned 
to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Bancroft, George. 34. Blackstone, Mass. Bootmaker. 
28 July, 1862. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 5 
Nov., 1862. 

Barnes, Julius G. 20. New Braintree, Mass. Wool- 
sorter. 11 May, 1861. Ware. — Sergeant, 25 May, 1861, 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 353 

to 10 Nov., 18G2. Absent in hospital since December, 

1862. Mustered out 28 May, 18G4. 
Barnes, Martin L. 18. Hardwick, Mass. Farmer. 11 

May, 18G1. "Ware. — Discharged for disability, 24 Sept., 

1862. 
Bathe, Anthony. 25. Wiltshire, England. Wheelwright. 

11 May, 1861. Wrentham. — Detailed as regimental 

blacksmith, December, 1861, to . . . 1862; and 21 Oct., 

1862, to 19 Oct., 1863; and 22 Oct., 1863. Mustered 

out 28 March, 1864. 
Boyd, Alexander. 48. Carrickfergus, Ireland. Sailor. 21 

July, 1862. Med way. — Wounded in foot, by shell, in 

front of Atlanta. Mustered out 20 July, 1865. 
Bradley, Patrick. 24. Boston, Mass. Bootmaker. 11 

May, 1861. Milford. — Discharged for disability, 2 Dec, 

1861. 
Brown, Aaron. 30. Milford, Mass. Farmer. 28 July, 

1862. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 4 March, 

1863. 
Brown, Henry W. 29. Medway, Mass. Physician. 11 

May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 7 July, 

1861. 
Buckley, John. 20. Cork, Ireland. Weaver. 11 May, 

1861. Ware. — Wounded, 25 May, 1862, at AVinchester ; 
and taken prisoner; died of chronic diarrhcea, 16 Oct., 

1862, at Richmond, while a prisoner. 

Bdllen, Edmund M. 28. Medway, Mass. Painter. 11 

May, 1861. Medway. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1861, 

at Winchester; returned to duty, December, 1862. 

Wounded in chest, 3 May, 1863, at ChanccUorsville. 

In hospital when mustered out; term expired. 
Cass, John W. 21. Boston, Mass. Boot-striker. 11 May, 

1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 18 Sept., 

1862. 
Chilson, Lucius H. 22. Perkin^ville, Vt. Machinist. 11 

May, 1861. Ware. — Corporal, 22 Feb., 1863; sergeant. 



354 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

6 April, 18G3, to 2G June, 1863. Detached to Company 
F, 4tli United-States Artilleiy, 10 April, 18G2, to 11 
Oct., 18G2. Wounded in hand, 3 July, 18G3, at Gettys- 
burg. Absent 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Clark, Albert II. 2G. Medway, Mass. Boot-crimper. 11 
May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 24 Feb., 1862, to 30 
Dec, 1862, when returned to the ranks during prolonged 
absence. Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Moun- 
tain ; i-eturned to duty, 15 Aug., 1863. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Coaxes, David. 25. Eton, C.E. Bonnet-presser. 11 
May, 1861. North Stratford (Conn. ?).— Corporal, 1 
Aug., 1862, to 30 Dec, 1862. Transferred to Invalid 
Corps, 5 Jan., 1864. 

Coney, Edward H. 18. Ware, Mass. Farmer. 11 May, 
1861. Ware. — Taken prisoner, 29 Aug., 1862, near 
Bristow, Va. ; returned to parole camp, and deserted. 

Converse, Charles C. 18.. Holyoke, Mass. None. 11 
May, 1861. Ware. — Deserted 6 July, 1861. 

Cook, Warren F. 23. Bellingham, Mass. Milkman. 
11 May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 14 May, 1862. 
Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; 
discharged in consequence, 8 Nov., 1862. 

Coombs, John V. 18. Bellingham, Mass. Farmer. 11 
May, 1861. — Bellingham (Medway?). Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

CouGHLAN, Timothy. 21. Kerry, Ireland. Pile-driver. 
11 May, 1861. Medway. — Detached to gunboat on the 
Mississippi, 14 Feb., 1862. Dropped from the rolls. 

CowDEN, Jason E. 24. Amesbury, Mass. Hatter. 17 
July, 1862. Amesbury. — Detached to division ambu- 
lance corps, 29 Oct., 1862, to 23 May, 1863; transferred 
to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept., 1863. 

CuMMiNGS, Charles li. 27. Franklin, Mass. Boot-striker. 
11 May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 1 Aug., 1862. 
Died of chronic diarrhoea, 19 Jan., 1863, at Washington, 
D.C. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. c!55 

CusHrxCx, Alexander M. 39. Newbern, Vt. Tailor. 28 
July, 18G2. ]\Ied\vay. — Died of chronic diarrhoea, 23 
Nov., 18G2, at Sharpsburg, Md. 

Danikls, AVilliam A. 21. INFedway, Mass. Wheelwright. 
May, 18G1. Medway. — AVounded in hip and in arm, 9 
Aug., 18G2, at Cedar Mountain; died in consequence, 10 
Aug., 1862. 

D::sPEK, Charles M. 19. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. 
11 May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 25 
Feb., 1863. 

DuDY, Thomas. 21. New Haven, Conn. Bootmaker. 11 
May, 1861. Medway. — Deserted 6 July, 1861. 

DuNTON, Alonzo E. 21. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. 
May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 30 Dec., 1862. Ser- 
geant, 22 Feb., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Fales, Albert F. 23. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. May, 

1861. Medway. — Wounded in hand, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester, not disabled ; wounded 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain, not disabled ; wounded in arm, 17 Sept., 

1862, at Antietam. Discharged 8 April, 1863. 

Fales, John M. 26. Bellinghara, Mass. Boot-treer. May, 
1861. Medway. — Detailed as butcher . . . 1861, to 20 
April, 1864. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Fisher, Lewis L. 23. Bellingham, Mass. Farmer. 20 
Aug., 1862. Bellingham. — Discharged for disability, 9 
Feb., 1863. 

Flint, Henry E. 24. Dracut, Mass. Hostler. 9 Oct., 
1861. Lowell. — Detached to division ambulance corps, 
16 Oct., 1862, to 28 July, 1863. Absent in hospital, 9 
Oct., 1864. when mustered out. 

Force, Emmons. 24. Westboro', Mass. Carpenter. 11 
May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 21 
Nov., 1862. 

Foss, John F. 22. Louisville, Ky. Sewing-machine Agent. 
11 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, 
at Winchester; returned to duty, 20 Feb., 1863. Mus- 
tered out 11 Oct., 1864. 



356 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Fuller, Charles F. 38. Medway, Mass. Bonnet-blocker. 
May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for. disability, 28 
Jan., 1862. 

Gatchell, Thomas D. 18. Northhridge, Mass. Boot- 
maker. May, 1861. Milford. — Enlisted company musi- 
cian. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Gorman, John. 19. Tyrone, Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. Medway. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept., 
1863. 

Grant, Charles. 34. Douglas, Mass. Bootmaker. ]May, 
1861. Medway. Discharged for disability, 30 May, 1861. 

Grant, Frank S. 18. AVreutham, Mass. Farmer. May, 

1861. Medway. — Wounded in knee, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg. Transferred to Invalid Corps, 14 Jan., 1864. 

Grant, James M. 21. Woonsocket, R.I. Boot-fitter. 
May, 1861. Medway. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862^ 
at Winchester ; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

Greenwood, George E. 19. Franklin, Mass.. Boot- 
maker. May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 9 April, 1863 ; 
sergeant, 30 Dec., 1863. Wounded in arm,, 3 JNIay, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 18 Aug., 1863. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Greenwood, Isaac C. 39. Franklin, Mass. Bootmaker. 
May, 1861. Medway. — Detailed as hospital-wagoner, 

I July, 1861, to 4 June, 1862. Detached to division am- 
bulance corps in 1862, to Jan., 1863 ; and 1 Feb., 1863, 
to 25 April, 1863; and again, 30 April, 1863. Wounded 
in arm and side, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Grundel, Sebastian. 21. Baden-Baden, Germany. Shoe- 
maker. May, 1861. Ware. — Wounded in arm, 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester ; not disabled. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Harrington, Peter. 22. Roscommon, Ireland. Barber. 

II May, 1861. Medway. — Wounded in elbow, 17 Sept., 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 357 

1802, at Antietam ; discharged in consequence, 6 Dec, 
1862. 

Harkixgton, Thomas J. 28. Roscommon, Irehmd. Boot- 
maker. 3 Sept., 18G2. Medway. — Transferretl to In- 
valid Corps. 30 Sept., 18G3. 

Hatstat, William F. 18. Thorndike, Mass. Farmer. 
May, 1861. Ware. — Discharged for disability, 20 April. 
1863. 

IIexuy, John. 23. Sligo, Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. Medway. — Wounded in breast, 3 May, 18C3, at 
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 17 Aug., 1863. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 18G4. 

Hewins, Benjamin. 23. Sharon, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Sharon. — Wagoner, 4 July, 1861. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Hill, Edwin W. 24. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. IMay, 

1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861. Discharged 
for disability, 29 Jan., 1802. 

Hill, Isaac. 24. Montpelier, Vt. Boxmaker. 28 July, 

1862. Franklin. — Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 1802, at 
Antietam; returned to duty, Aug., 1863. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

IIixox, Alonzo. 35. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. INIay 
1861. Medway. — Detailed as company cook, July, 1861. 
IMustered out 28 March, 1864. 

IIOGAN, Edward. 22. Tipperary, Ireland. Bootmaker, 
May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 23 March, 1804. 
Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar IMountain ; re- 
turned to duty, 10 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

IIoufniTOX, Albert C. 20. Newton, Mass. Boot-striker. 
11 May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 9 April, 1863. 
Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 

IIouGiiTOX, Alvin W. 18. Swansey, N.II. Porter. 11 
May, 1861. Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



358 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Howard, Wai-ren V. 19. Ware, Mass. Painter. May, 
1801. Ware. — Corporal, 25 May, 18G1, to 7 Feb., 18G2 ; 
again, 30 Nov., 18G2. Taken pi-isoner, May, 18G2, near 
Strasburg, Va. ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 18G2. Deserted 
2 Jan., 18G3, Avhile on furlough. 

Hunt, George W. 19. Sudbury, Mass. Bootmaker. May, 
18G1. Medfield. — Wounded 25 May, 18G2, at Winches- 
ter; retui-ned to duty. Wounded in arm,' 9 Aug., 18G2, at 
Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 23 Dec, 
1862. 

Hunt, Thomas E. 25. Marlboro', Mass. Bootmaker. 
May, 1861. Medfield. — Wounded in ankle, 25 IMay, 1862, 
at Winchester, and taken prisoner ; paroled, and deserted. 

Huntress, John. 21. Milford, Mass. Farmer. May, 

1861. Milford. — Discharged for disability, 26 June, 1862. 
Said to have re-enlisted in Seventh Massachusetts Battery. 

IDE, George H. 26. Medway, Mass. Clerk. May, 1861. 
Medway. — Corporal, 7 July, 1861, to 24 Feb., 1862. 
Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Jewett, Richard H. L. 28. East Greenwich, R.I. Civil- 
engineer. 30 Aug., 1862. Boston. — Corporal, 30 Dec, 

1862. Discharged 5 March, 1863, to receive commission 
of second lieutenant in the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts ; 
commission of that date ; [first lieutenant, 22 May, 1863; 
captain, 19 July, 1863; mustered out 19 June, 1865.] 

Johnson, Francis. 44. Three Rivers, C.E. Shoemaker. 
19 Aug., 1862. Lawrence. — Wounded 3 May, 1863, at 
Cliancellorsville ; returned to duty, . . . 1863. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Johnston, John C. 22. Antrim, Ireland. Farmer. IMay, 
1861. Ware. — Wounded in groin, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 
Mountain, and taken prisoner; died of wounds, date un- 
known, at Richmond, Va., while a prisoner. 

Kimball, Charles C. 19. Keene, N.H. Clerk. 11 May, 
1861. Medway. — Sergeant, 25 May, 1861. Discharged, 
24 Sept., 1862, to receive commission as second lieutenant 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 359 

iu tlie . . . Massachusetts ; but, upon being mustered out of 
service, refused to be mustered in again, remarking to the 
mustering-officer, " Men have to crawl through small holes 
sometimes." 

Kinney, James. 22. Oxford, Mass. Factory-operative. 
May, 18G1. Ware. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 18G2, at 
Winchester; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 18G2, Mustered 
out 28 ISIay, 18G4. 

Learned, Henry. 43. New Braintree, Mass. Farmer. 18 
Aug., 18G2. Brookliue. — Absent in hospital, 28 May, 
18G4 ; no record of muster-out. 

Leonard, Lawrence. 28. Galway, Ireland. Boot-maker. 
May, 18G1. Milford. — Died from broken leg, April, 18G2, 
at Winchester, Va. 

Livingston, Samuel J. M. 20. Tewksbury, Mass. Far- 
mer. 11 Aug., 1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 
4 March, 18G3. 

Mack, David F. 21. London, England. Tailor. iMay^ 
1861. Medway. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 18G2, at 
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 11 March, 1863. 
Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to 
duty, 16 Dec, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 186 1. 

Malone, Bernard G. 21. Galway, Ireland. Cordwainer. 
May, 1861. Natick. — Deserted 24 Sept., 1862, while on 
furlougli. 

Mann, Albert W. 24. Wrentham, Mass. Bootmaker. 
May, 1861. Medway. — Sergeant, 25 May, 1861 ; first 

■ sergeant, 13 July, 1861. Appointed sergeant-major, 10 
May, 1862. — Sae JVon-commissio}ied Officers; also Com- 
missioned Officers. 

Mather, Samuel A. 33. Winsted, Conn. Bootmaker. 
May, 1861. Milford. — AVounded in thigh, 9 Aug.. 1862, 
at^ Cedar Mountain; transferred to Invalid Coi'ps 1 July, 
1863. Mustered out, but re-enlisted 15 Aug., 1864. — See 
Second Term. 



360 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Mawx, Peter. 26. Ireland. Bootmaker. 12 Aug., 1862. 
Med way. — Wounded in leg, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors- 
ville; discharged in consequence, 21 Aug., 18G3. 

May, Edward A, 18. Attleboro', Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Medway. — Appointed marker, 1861. Discharged 
for disability, 6 Dec, 1862. 

May, James B. 38. Attleboro', Mass. Boot-treer. May, 
1861. Medway. — Corporal, 1 Aug., 1862. Wounded 
in groin 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; discharged in 
consequence, 8 April, 1863. 

Mc Cowan, James. 19. Derry, Ireland. Bootmaker. 
May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 30 
Dec, 1861. 

McNany, Richard. 26. Chicopee, Mass. Factory opera- 
tive. May, 1861. Ware. — Discharged for disability, 
June, 1861. 

Metcalf, George L. 17. Bellingham, Mass. Farmei*. May, 

1861. Bellingham.— Corporal, 9 April, 1863. Wounded 
in knee, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 
1 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Metcalf, George O. 31. Newport, N.H. Confectioner. 

May, 1861. Medfield. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, 

at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 16 Dec, 1863. 

Wounded in hand, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca. Mustered out 

28 May, 1864. 
Metcalf, John C. 18. Bellingham, Mass. Farmer. 

May, 1861. Bellingham. — Corporal, 30 Dec, 1862; 

sergeant, 31 Aug., 1863, to 30 Dec, 1863. Mustered out 

28 May, 1864. 
MiNTON, Thomas. 22. Roscommon, Ireland. Bootmaker. 

May, 1861. Medway (Roxbury?). — Corporal, 6 Feb., 

1862; color-corporal, 22 July, 1862; sergeant, 3 Nov., 

1862. Deserted while on furlough granted 9 March, 1863. 
Mouse, Joseph H. 21. Medfield, Mass. Hostler. May, 

1861. Medfield. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 1 July, 
1861. Detached to division ammunition train, 14 Aug., 

1863. Mustered out 28 March, 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 361 

MuNDON, Danii'l. 2G. Newport, R.L Boot-crimper. May, 

18G1. Medway. — Detailed as company cook, 23 June, 

1861, to 1 July, 18G2. Deserted 14 Sept., 18G2. 
Newcomb, John H. 22. Enfield, Mass. Farmer. May, 

I8G1. Enfield. — Corporal, 25 May, 18G1, to 30 May, 

1862. Also, color-corporal. Wounded in leg, 9 Aug. 
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 29 
March, 18G3. 

O'Brien, Michael. 26. Clare, Ireland. Fireman. May, 

1861. Ware. — AYounded in leg (amputated) 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 
10 Dec, 1862. 

O'DoNNELL, Michael. 18. Kilkenny, Ireland. Bootmaker. 
May, 186 1. Medway. — Corporal, 3 Nov., 1862; ser- 
geant, 30 Dec, 1862 ; first sergeant, 1 May, 1863. Wounded 
in leg (arm ?), 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned 
to duty, 17 Sept., 1862 ; wounded in hip. 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when 
mustered out. 

Onion, Alfred. 18. Medway, Mass. Farmer. May, 1861. 
Medway. — Sent to hospital at Frederick, Md., December, 
1861; never returned; transferred to Invalid Corps, 23 
Jan., 1864. 

Osgood, Joseph. 43. Lancaster, Mass. Farmer. 22 Aug., 

1862. Bellingham. — Died of chronic diarrhoea, 8 Feb., 

1863, at StaiFord C.H., Va. 

Panzloff, Julius. 25. Germany. Sailor. 25 Aug., 1862. 
Boston. — Wounded in leg, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors- 
ville ; discharged in consequence, 15 Aug., 1863. 

Parsons, William R. 35. Lancashire, England, lioot- 
clicker. May, 1861. Medway. — First sergeant, 25 May, 
1861, to 13 July, 1861, when made sergeant; first sergeant 
again, 14 May, 1862. Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 1862, 
at Autietam ; discharged in consequence, 14 Jan., 1863. 

PuRiNGTON, Daniel. 44. Lynn, Mass. Machinist. 19 
Aug., 1862. Boston. — Detached to division ambulance 



362 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

corps, 16 Oct., 1862, to 27 July, 1863. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

Remick, Alfred P. 30. Gardiner, Me. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. Milford. — Enlisted wagoner, 1 July, 1861. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Richardson, Era^tus J. 19. Franklin, Mass. Boot- 
maker. May, 1861. Franklin. — Killed in action, 17 
Sept., 1862, at Antietam. 

Richardson, Gardner H. 18. Westford, Mass. Tanner. 
14 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 1862, 
at Antietam; returned to duty, 8 Dec, 1862. Wounded 
in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 
7 March, 1864. Corporal, 1 July, 1864. Mustered out 
14 Oct., 1864. 

Rollins, Thomas. 25. Lancashire, England. Boot- 
maker. May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861 ; 
sergeant, 7 July, 1861, to 18 July, 1862. Deserted July, 
1862. 

RosER, Charles. 22. Pazel, Switzerland. Sailor. 25 
Aug., 1862. BrookUne. — In every action during his term 
of service. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

ScHLUSEMEYER, William. 19. Boston, Mass. Cabinet- 
maker. May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged as a minor, 
6 July, 1861. 

Sherman, Hezekiah E. 29. Mansfield, Mass. Boot- 
maker. May, 1861. Mausfield. — Corporal, 3 Feb., 1862 ; 
color-corporal, 4 July, 1862 ; sergeant, 1 Aug., 1862 ; first 
sergeant, 14 Jan., 1863, to 1 May, 1863; sergeant again, 
30 Dec, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Slaven, Michael. 26. L-eland. Bootmaker. May, 1861. 

Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Snow, Charles. 18. Ware, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. Ware. — Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; 
discharged in consequence, 8 April, 1863. 
Sparrow, Herman S. 20. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. 
May, 1861. Medway. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 363 

Starrucic, George. 24. Quincy, Mass. Sewing-machine 
operator. May, 1861. Qnincy. — E^nlisted company-rau- 
sician. Died of chronic diarrhoea, 3 March, 1803, at 
Washington, D.C. 

Stone, Joseph. 22. . . . Canada. Farmer. May, 
18^1. Ware. — Wounded in shoidder, 9 Aug., 18G2, at 
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 20 Feb., 1863. Died 
of lung fever, 22 May, 1863, at Aquia Landing, Va. 

Sullivan', Timothy. 19. Kerry, Irehind. Bootmaker. 
May, 1861. Melford. — Detailed as orderly at regimental 
headquarters, 19 Oct., 1862. Taken prisoner, July, 1863 ; 
returned to duty, 14 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Sumner, Eugene. 19. Fall River, Mass. Cabinet-maker. 
May, 1861. Medfield. — Dropped from the rolls in 1863. 

SwARMAN, John H. 25. Boston, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Medway. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Wounded in 
leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; returned as far as Nash- 
ville, Tenn., February, 1864, where he was detailed on 
special duty. IMustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Treen, JohnS. 22. . . . N.S. Bootmaker. May, 1861. 
Medway. — Killed in action, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietara. 

Treen, Lewis A. 26. ... N.S. Bootmaker. May, 

1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861, to 18 July, 

1862. Deserted June, 1862, while on furlough. 
Turner, William H. 22. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. 

May, 1861. Medway. — Discharged for disability, 7 

Feb., 1863 ; died afterwards, in Milfbrd, Mass. 
Upfenheimer, David. 19. Baden, Germany. Baker. 18 

Aug., 1862. . . . —Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at 

Chancellorsville. 
Underwood, Fisher E. 21. Medway, Mass. Bootmaker. 

9 Aug., 1862. Medway. — Absent in hospital, 28 May, 

1864, when mustered out. 



364 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

VosE, Jeremiah. 27. Uxbridge, Mass. Farmer. 21 Aug., 
1862. — Medway. — Wounded in face, 3 May, 18G3, at 
Chancellorsville. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 18C4, when 
mustered out. 

Webber, George C 26. East Douglas, Mass. Boot- 
maker. May, 1861. Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Wheat, Alfred C. 27. Hancock, N.H. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Wheat, Henry, 29. Billerica, Mass, Bootmaker. May, 

1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861 ; sergeant, 14 
May, 1862. Discharged for dij^ability,,ll Dec, 1862. 

Whitney, Charles. 26. Holliston, Mass. Bootmaker. 
May, 1861. Medway. — Corporal, 25 May, 1861; ser- 
geant, 17 July, 1863; color-sergeant, same date. Hit in 
breast-plate, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, and dis- 
abled for some days. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Wiley, Albert H. 35. Bellingham, Mass. Auctioneer. 
28 July, 1862. Medway. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Williams, George H. 23. Wrentham, Mass. Machinist. 
May, 1861. Medway. — Detailed as company musician, 
28 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Williams, Henry. 44. Providence, R.I. Cook. 27 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Wynn, Daniel. 23. Sligo, Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. Milford. — Killed in action, 17 Sept., 1862, at 
Antietam. 

Wood, Richard. 45. London, England. Laborer. 18 
Aug., 1862. . . . Wounded in wrist, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Feb., 1864. 

Workman, William M. 18. Liverpool, England. Box- 
maker. May, 1861. Franklin. — Discharged for dis- 
ability, 30 May, 1862. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 365 



CO Mr ANY F. 



Andrews, Prince A. 19. Essex, JMass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Ipswich. — Wounded in thigh, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, March, 1864. Mus- 
tered out 28 Mnj, 1864. 

Annis, Charles II. 22. Templeton, Mass. Shoemaker. 
28 Aug., 1862. Lynn. — Absent in hospital, 25 May, 
1863, when discharged by order of War Department. 

Annis, Stillman L. 27. Fairhaven, Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Detailed as company cook. Died 
of dysentery, 21 Nov., 1862, at Frederick, Md. 

Bates, Fredei-ick. 24. Bellingham, Mass. Bootmaker. 
24 July, 1862. Bellingham. — Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Bates, Lewis H. 22, Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 28 
Aug., 1862. Lynn. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Bessom, Charles. 18. Lynn, Mass. Printer. 17 Oct., 

1861. Lynn. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester, and paroled: returned to duty, 1 Nov., 1862. 
Discharged for disability, 1 April, 1863. 

Bessom, Philip. 43. Marblehead, Mass. Shoemaker. 
17 Oct., 1861. Lynn. — Company musician, 7 Nov., 1861, 
to 6 April, 1862. Detailed as hospital attendant, 6 April, 

1862. Discharged for disability, 2 March, 1863. 
Billings, David E. 27. Concord, N.II. Shoemaker. 

May, 1861. Athol. — Corporal, 24 Sept., 1862, to 1 July, 

1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Billings, Jeremiali B. 21. Troy, N.II. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Athol. — Discharged for disability; 18 Feb., 
1862. 

Brooks, Joel J. 23. Gardner, Mass. Chairmaker. May, 
1861. Gardner. — Corporal, . . May, 1861; sergeant, 24 
Sept., 1862. Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antie- 
tam; not disabled. Taken prisoner, 3 July, 1863, at 



366 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Gettysburg. Absent prisoner, or piiroled uutil mustered 
out. 

Brown, Francis W. 26. Boston, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Hamilton. — Detached to division ammunition 
train, May, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Bryant, Cyrus W. 28. Orange, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. Philipston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

BuRNHAM, Rufus. 33. Essex, Mass. Carpenter. May, 
1861. — Essex. Discharged for disability, 25 Feb., 1863. 

BuRRiLL, Blenard. 22. Saugus, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. Lynn. — Detailed as company cook, 28 Oct., 1862, 
to 27 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

BusHNELL, Eugene C. 23. Norwich, Conn. Musician. 
May, 1861. Templeton. — Company musician, . .May, 
1861. Discharged for disability, 15 Aug., 1861. 

Butler, Alouzo. 21. Ipswich, Mass. Sailor. May, 1861. 
Ipswich. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; 
returned to duty, 9 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Carey, Thomas. 37. Ireland. Bootmaker. 24 July, 1862. 
Winchester. — Died from exhaustion, 9 Aug., 1862, on the 
road from Culpepper to Cedar Mountain. 

Carr, Patrick H. 24. Ipswich, Mass. Factory operative. 
May, 1861. Ipswich. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Chamberlain, Garland A. 24. Lynn, Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Wounded 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered 
out. 

Chase, George T. 24. Capetown, Cape of Good Hope. 
Farmer. May, 1861. Lynn. — Sergeant, . . May, 1861 ; 
first sergeant, 18 Sept., 1862, to 31 Dec, 1863. Wounded 
in hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to 
duty, 1 July, 1863. Wounded in shoulder, 3 July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when 
mustered out. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 307 

CnuRCiiiLL, Ebcn S. Concord, Me. Painter. May, 1861. 
Norridgewock, Me. — Wounded, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester, and taken prisoner ; paroled, and died in conse- 
quence of wounds. 

Ci.AKK, Charles H. 19. Lynn, Mass. Shoemaker. ]May, 
1861. Topsfield. Wounded, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 
Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Clark, Humphrey S. 25. Topsfield, Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1 861. Wenham. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Clark, Thomas H. 26. Gloucester, INlass. Pedler. May, 
1861. Gloucester. — Corporal, . . May, 1861, to . . . May, 

1861. Detached as pioneer to First Division, 6 April, 

1862, to . . June, 1862 ; pioneer, with the regiment, from 
1 June, 1862, to 26 Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Clutterbuck, William L. 24. Manchester, England. 
Pail-turner. May, 1861. Athol. — Discharged for dis- 
ability (from accident), September, 1861. 

CoNANT, Joseph C. 27. Hamilton, Mass. Seaman. May, 
1861. Hamilton. — Discharged for disability, 26 Feb., 
1863. 

Cook, Martin Y. B. 21. Wrentham, Mass. Bootmaker. 
24 July, 1862. Bellingham. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Cooper, Robert. 18. Danvcrs, Mass. Clerk. May, 1861. 
Lowell. — Dropped from the rolls in 1863. Said to be dis- 
charged by order of War Department. 

Crosby, Pardon L. 18. Bellingham, Mass. Bootmaker. 
24 July, 1862. Bellingham. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Currant, Thatcher M. 19. Boston, Mass. Needle-maker. 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Day, Albion W. 20. Templeton, Mass. Mechanic. May, 
1861. Templeton. — Corporal, 22 May, 1861. AVounded 
in hand and in back, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; dis- 
charged in consequence, 31 March, 1863. 



368 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Dodge, Otis F. Topsfield, Mass. Clerk. May, 1861. 
Topsfield. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; 
returned to duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Discharged for disability, 

16 June, 1863. 

Douglass, John F. 24. Calais, Me. Brakeman. May, 
1861. Hubbardston. — Corporal, 8 July, 1861 ; sergeant, 
24 Sept., 1862. Wounded in shoulder, 17 Sept., 1862, at 
Antietara; returned to duty, 19 Feb., 1863. Re-enlisted. 
— See Second Term. 

DowNES, Thomas J. 21. Groveland, Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 4 Oct., 
1861. 

DuRGiN, Daniel. 27. Cork, Ireland. Caulker. May, 1861. 
Essex. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; 
returned to duty, 25 Sept., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Sec- 
ond Term, 

Eaton, Charles S. 25. Lewiston, Me. Shoemaker. 3 
Sept., 1862. Lynn. — Detailed as company cook, 6 May, 
1863, to 7 Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Emerson, John D. 17. Royalston, Mass. Scholar. May, 
1861. Athol. — Detached on signal service, 1 Sept., 1861 ; 
discharged 13 Oct., 1863, to receive the commission of 
second lieutenant in the Signal Corps. 

EsTES, Charles B. 21. Salem, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. Lynn. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

FiFiELD, Calvin S. 29. Lowell, Mass. Teamster. May, 
1861. Boston. — Enlisted wagoner, 1 July, 1861. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

FiNLAYSON, Duncan F. 30 May, 1861. 

... — Drowned in Charles River, West Roxbury, Mass., 
2 June, 1861. 

Fox, Columbus. 34. Pompey, N.Y. Painter. May, 1861. 
Athol. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

FoYE, John E. 24. Chester, N.H. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. Lynn. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 11 April, 1862, 
Avhen retui'ned to the ranks at his own request ; and again, 

17 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 369 

Fkencii, Aurin B. 22. IManchester, N.IT. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Athol. — Discharged for disability (from acci- 
dent), 31 Dec, 1861. 

Fkf.ncii, Henry D. 19. Coventry, Vt. Cutler. May, 
1861. Ilopkiuton. — Wounded in breast, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 1 Aug., 1863. Absent 
in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Fkost, George K. 23. Sanford, Me. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. "Wareliara. — Detached to division ammunition 
train, May, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Gerstle, John, jr. 23. Boston, Mass. Bootmak. r. 24 
July, 1862. Bellingham —Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Gerstle, Joseph. 19. Bellingham, Mass. Bootmaker. 
24 July, 1862. Bellingham. — Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Gorton, Samuel M. 44. Cambridge, Mass. Carpenter. 
29 Aug., 1862. Cambridge. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Gould, Edward O. 20. Boxford, Mass. Shoemaker 
May, 1861. Topsfield. —Wounded, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester; discharged in consequence, 25 July, 1862. 

Greene, Charles G. 21. Colebrooke (N.H. ?). Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Oakham. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 
8 July, 1861. Died of fever, 30 Jan., 1862, at Frederick, 
Md. 

Hall, AVilliam II. 18. Danvers, Mass. Seaman. May, 
1861. Ipswich. — Enlisted in Third United-States Artil- 
lery, 18 Feb., 1863; was appointed corporal there. 

Hallet, Charles O. 19. Boston, Mass May, 

1861. Brookline. — Company musician, 3 Dec, 1862, to 
28 Feb., 1863; corporal, 1 July, 1863. Discharged, 19 
March, 1864, to receive commission of second lieutenant in 
Fifty-fourth Massachusetts, commission dated 4 Feb., 1864 ; 
first lieutenant, 10 Feb., 1865 ; afterwards captain in the 
One Hundred and Second United-States Colored Troops. 
24 



370 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Hancock, Charles P. 28. Bellingham, Mass. Bootmaker. 
2-i July, 1862. Bellingham. — Died of dysentery, 22 Jan., 
18G3, at Frederick, Md. 

Hartt, John T. 25. On the ocean. Blacksmith. 14 
Aug., 18G2. Lynn. — Detailed as regimental blacksmith, 
11 Jan., 18G3, to 18 Jan., 1863; company musician, 9 
March, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Haskell, George W. 21. Bridgewater, Mass. Teamster. 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Discharged for disability, 11 April, 
1863 ; died soon after. 

Hayes, George E. 19. Gorham, Me. Painter. May, 
1861. Cambridge. — Discharged for disability, 9 Jan. 
1863. 

Heald, William H. 24. Boston, Mass. Tinsmith. May, 
1861. Hubbardston. — Died of typhoid pneumonia, 17 
Dec, 1861, at Baltimore, Md. 

Heyavood, Theodore A. 19. Gardner, Mass. Chair- 
maker. May, 1861. Gardner. — Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

HiGGiNS, Henry H. 26. Chesterfield, N.H. Turner. 
May, 1861. Boylston. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, 
at Wincliester; returned to duty, August, 1863. "Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 
HOAVKS, Edwin A. 26. Chatham, Mass. Ship-carpenter. 
May, 1861. Essex. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 23 April, 
1862; sergeant, 2 June, 1862. Appointed commissary- 
sergeant, 8 Dec, 1862. — ^qb Non-commissioned Staff. 
Hunt, Horace. 26.' Salem, Mass. School-teacher. May, 

1861. Athol. — Detailed as commissary's clerk, 16 July, 
1861 ; detached as brigade-commissary's clerk, 21 April, 

1862. Died of consumption, in 1864, at Athol, Mass. 
Hunting, Eli. 25. Hubbardston, Mass. Chairmaker. 

May, 1861. Hubbardston. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 8 
July, 1861, when detached as hospital attendant. Absent 
as hospital attendant, 28 May, 1861, when mustered out. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 371 

Ji:rsox, Samuel L. 21. Berwick, INIe. Shoemaker. May, 
18G1. Ipswich. — Corporal, May, 1801, to 15 Fel)., 18G2 ; 
sergeant, 5 March, 1862. AVounded in leg, 17 Sept., 18G2, 
at Antietam; returned to duty, 10 March, 18G3. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Kexdall, AVebster A. 20. Gardner, Mass. Farmer. 
May, 18G1. Gardner. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Kii:i;\AN, Charles. 18. Malone, N.Y. Farmer. May, 
1861. Wenham. — Wounded in breast, 3 July, 18G3, at 
Gettysburg; died in consequence, 13 July, 1863, at Gettj-^s- 
burg. 

Lake, Charles II. 22. Topsfield, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Topsfield. — Discharged, to receive appointment of 
hospital steward, 15 Nov., 1863. 

Lang, Thomas. 19. Topsfield, Mass. Teamster. May, 
1861. Gloucester. — Detached to gunboat on the Missis- 
sippi, 14 Feb., 1862. 

Larrabee, Francis. 26. Lynn, ]\Iass. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. Lynn. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Larrabee, AVilliam H. 28. Lynn, Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Detached as attendant in corps 
hospital, 20 INIay, 1863, to 14 Aug., 1863. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Lawrence, Jairus.. 19. Bellinghara, Mass. Bootmaker. 
24 July, 1862. Bellingham. — Discharged for disability, 
15 Jan., 1863. 

Lewis, Warren E. 24. Saugus, Mass. Shoemaker. 16 
Oct., 1861. Lynn. — Wounded in ankle, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 1 Oct., 1863. 

LiNSCOTT, John F. 29. Alfred, Me. Blacksmith. 3Iay, 
1861. Biddeford, Me. — Blacksmith. 15 July, 18G1. 
Detached to division ammunition train, . . . 1862. Clus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

LovEJOY, William S. (L?). 29. South Danvers, I\Iass. 
Carpenter. May, 1861. . . . — Corporal, May, 1861. 
Discharged for disability, 6 July, 1861. 



372 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INEANTRY. 

Macintire, George G. 18. North Reading, Mass. Shoe- 
maker. May, 1861. North Reading. — Discharged for 
disabihty, 25 Sept., 1861. 

Madden, Harry O. 19. Quincy, 111. Farmer. May, 

1861. Watertown. — Corporal, 30 Dec., 1862. Dis- 
charged for disabihty, 22 April, 1863. 

Marsh, Edward, jr. 25. Maiblehead, Mass. Seaman. 

May, 1861. Swampscott. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 1 

July, 1863. Color corporal, 4 July, 1862, to 1 July, 1863. 

AVounded in shoulder, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; 

returned to duty, 2G Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 

1864. 
Marshall, Joseph T. 31. New York City. Seaman. 

22 May, 1861. New York. — Deserted 20 June, 1861. 
Martin, James. 32. Portland, Me. Shoemaker. 14 Sept., 

1862. Lynn. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chan- 
cellorsville ; returned to duty, 16 May, 1863. Mustered 
ont 28 May, 1864. 

Martin, Solomon. 35. Portland, Me. vSilk-printer. May, 

1861. Lynn. — First sergeant, May, 1861. Killed in 

action, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam. 
Mayall, John C. 19. Effingham, N.H. Spinner. May, 

1861. Ipswich. — Discharged, alleging that he had not 

been sworn in, 4 Aug., 1861. 
McDavitt, Philip. 19. Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 1861. 

Lynn.— Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
McDowell, Thomas. 20. Bellingham, Mass. Farmer. 

24 July, 1862. ' Bellingham. — Mustered out 28 May, 

1864. 
McLay, John. 19. Sydney, N.S. Mason. May, 1861. 

East Boston. — Enlisted iu United-States Artillery, 15 

Feb., 1863. 
Meiiritt, John R. 19. Marblehead, Mass. Shoemaker. 

23 Oct., 1861. Swampscott. — Company musician, 28 
Feb., 1863. Mustered out 17 Oct., 1864. 

Moore, E[)hraim W. 20. Orleans, Mass. Chairmaker. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 373 

May, 18G1. . . . —Wounded 9 Aujj., 1862, at Cedar 
^Mountain ; was left in Culpejjper, upon the evacuation, 18 
Aug., 18G2, and died there. 

MoRiusSEY, John. 18. Bangor, Me. Servant. May, 18G1. 
South Boston. — Wounded in head, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 
Mountain; returned to duty, 4 Nov., 1862. Killed in 
action, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca. 

McLHOLLAXD, James. 19. St. Johns, N.B. Confectioner. 
May, 1861. St. Johns, N.B. — Taken prisoner (in hospi- 
tal), 20 Aug., 1862, at Little Washington, Va. ; returned 
to duty 19 Dec., 1862. Mustered out 28 July, 1864. 

Nesbitt, Alonzo H. 19. Swampscott, Mass. Fisherman. 
May, 1861. Swampscott. — Enlisted in United-States 
Artillery, 15 Feb., 1863. 

Newhall, Horace O. 19. Saugus, Mass. Clerk. May, 
1861. Lynn. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to June, 1861.— 
Company musician, June, 1861, to . . . 1861. Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

Norwood, Alonzo. 26. Lynnfield, Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Corporal, 18 Mai-ch, 1862. Absent 
iu hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. Ke-en- 
listed in Veteran Reserve Corps. 

OsBORX, John. 19. Ilopkinton, Mass. Law-student. May, 
1861. Hopkiiiton. — Wounded in ankle and in . . . 25 
May, 1862, at Winchester; discharged in consequence, 31 
Dec, 1862. 

Parker, Alfred R. 20. Hubbardston, Mass. Hostler. 
May, 1861 —Corporal, 28 Dec, 1863. Re-en- 
listed. — See Second Term. 

Parker, Stephen S. 19. Hubbardston, INIass. Farmer. 
May, 1861. Hubbardston. — Corporal, 8 July, 1861 ; 
sergeant, 30 Dec, 1862. Wounded iu thigh, 3 .luly, 1863, 
at Gettysburg. Absent iu liospital 28 JNIay, 1861, when 
mustered out. 

Parker, Thomas S. 23. Boston, Mass. Clerk. May, 
1861. South Gardner. — Taken prisoner, 3 July, 1863, at 



374 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Gettysburg; returned to duty, Nov., 1863. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Phelps, Leander W. 30. Walpole, N.H. Shoemnker. 
May, 1861. Athol. — Discharged for disability, 30 May, 
1863. 

Phillips, Erwin T. 23. Boxford, Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Topsfield. — Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at 
Antietani ; returned to duty, April, 1864. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Pickering, Asa. 21. Bellingham, Mass. Teamster. 24 
July, 1862. Bellingham. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Pierce, Ivory W. M. 23. Sanford, Me. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Corporal, 9 April, 1863. Wounded 
(sabre-cut), 24 May, 1862, near Kernstown, Va. ; re- 
turned to duty, . . . 1862. Wounded in .leg, 17 Sept., 
1862, at Antietam; returned to duty, 11 Oct., 1862. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

PiN'NEV, James. 19. Nottingham, Eng. Cabinet-maker. 
May, 1861. South Dedhara. — Wounded 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysbui-g. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mus- 
tered out. 

Powers, Lorenzo J. 18. Gardner, Mass. Carpenter. 
May, 1861. South Gardner. — Taken prisonei', 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester, and paroled; returned to duty, 19 
Dec, 1862. Wounded in ankle (amputation), 9 June, 

1863, at Beverly Ford; discharged in consequence, 22 
Jan., 1864. 

Raye, Alexander H. 32. Glasgow, Scotland. Engine- 
driver. May, 1861. Manchester, N.H. — Company musi- 
cian. May, 1861, to Aug., 1861. Sergeant, 24 Aug., 1861. 
Deserted 28 Aug., 1861 ; brought back 29 Oct., 1861. 
Deserted again, November, 1861. 

Richards, Charles F. 36. West Roxbury, Mass. Black- 
smith. May, 1861. Roxbury. — Detached as blacksmith 
to division ambulauce corps, 21 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 375 

Richardson, Delavan. 21* Athol, Mass. Machinist. 
May, 18G1. Athol. — Corporal, 24 Oct., 18G2. Wounded 
in hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to 
duty, 16 May, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Shaughnkssy, Michael. 20. St. Andrews, N.B. Car- 
penter. May, 1861. South Boston. — "Wounded 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester, taken prisoner, and paroled ; never 
returned; dropped as deserter, July, 1863. 

Slocum, Hazard P. 40. Tolland, Mass. Teamster. 24 
July, 1862. Bellingham. — Died of dysentery, 19 March, 

1863, at Frederick, Md. 

Smith, George E. 18. Portland, Me. Teamster. May, 
1861. Cape Elizabeth, Me. — Enlisted in United-States 
Artillery, 15 Feb., 1863. 

Smith, Hubbard V. 18. Shutesbury, Mass. Painter. 
May, 1861. Athol. — Wounded in side, 25 May, 1S62, at 
Winchester, taken prisoner, and paroled. Discharged in 
consequence of wounds, 29 Dec., 186$. 

Smith, William H. 21. Dorchester, Mass. Farmer. IMay, 
1861. East Cambridge. — Detached to Tliird United- 
States Artillery, 14 Feb., 1863; transferred 16 Feb., 
186S. 

Staten, William H. 19. Gloucester, Mass. Farmer. 
May, 1861. Ipswich. — Corporal, 11 April, 1862. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Steelk, Charles H. 18. Holden, Ma^s. Bar-tender. May, 
1861. Holden. — Discharged for disability, 25 Sept., 1861. 

Stone, Addison D. 18. Swampscott, Mass. Fisherman. 
May, 1861. Swampscott.- — Dropped from the rolls, 24 
March, 1864; transferred to regular battery. 

Todd, Thomas M. 22. Rowley, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 
1861 . Ipswicli. — Detached to gunboat on the Mississippi, 
February, 1862. 

Towns KXD, Edward L. 23. Athol, Mass. Slioemakcr. 
May, 1861. Athol. — Enlisted in Third United-States 
Artillery, 15 Feb., 1863. 



376 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INF^ySTTRY. 

Tyler, Colraan J. 18. Canaau, N.H. "Watchmaker. 
May, 18G1. Ipswich. — Company musician, . . . 1861, to 
. . . 18G2. Detailed as attendant in hospital, 3 March, 
18G3, to 20 March, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

VosK, Edwin O. 18. Royalston, Mass. Factory opera- 
tive. May, 1861. Royalston. — Wounded, 25 May, 1862, 
at Winchester; died in consequence, 25 June, 1862, at 
Winchester. 

Whipple, Alfred P. 23. Richmond, N.H. Farmer. May, 

1861. Gardner. — Appointed marker, 2 Oct., 1862, to 
. . . 1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Whitney, Jared P. 20. Fitzwilliam, N.H. Teamster. 

May, 1861. Templeton.— Deserted 15 Sept., 1862. 
Whittaker, Edward F. 33. Rochester, Vt. Chairmaker. 

May, 1 861. Gardner. — Sergeant, May, 1861. Discharged 

for disability, 18 March, 1862. 
WiLKiNS, Moses D. 35. Wareham, Mass. Shoemaker. 

May, 1861. Wenham. — Injured during skirmish, 1 April, 

1862, between Strasburg and Edenburg, Va. ; discharged 
in consequence, 5 June, 1862. 

Williams, James M. 20. Lynn, Mass. Clerk. May, 

1861. Lynn. — Sergeant, May, 1862. Wounded, 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester; died in consequence, 27 May, 1862, 
at Winchester. 



COMPANY G. 

Allen, James. 25. Newry, Ireland. Tailor. May, 1861. 
New York. — Detached to Fourth United-States Artillery, 
8 April, 1862. Wounded, 24 May, 1862, near Stras- 
burg, Va., taken prisoner, and paroled. Discharged in 
consequence of wounds, 19 Dec, 1862. 

Alley, Benjamin L. 34. Lynn, Mass. Crier. May, 
1861. Lynn. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 377 

Chester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Detached to 
division ambulance corps, 29 Oct., 1863. Mustered out 28 
May, 1804. 

Andrkws, William. 23. N . . . N.Y. Morocco-dresser, 
May, 1861. South Danvers. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to 
20 July, 1801 ; and again, 9 June, 1862. Killed in action, 
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Baldavin, John D. S. 18. Nashua, N.H. Scholar. May, 

1861. Lowell. — Company musician, May, 1861, to 13 
Sept., 1861, when detached as adjutant's orderly; again 
company musician, 26 Oct., 1862. Taken prisoner, 25 
May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 

1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Barry, Thomas. 24. Fermoy, Ireland. Laborer. May, 

1861. Marblehead. — Transferred to Livalid Corps, 25 

June, 1863. 
Bassett, Addison. 23 May, 1861. 

Indian Orchard. — Deserted June, 1861. 
Bedell, Francis B. 19. Brooklyn, N.Y. Bookkeeper. 

24 July, 1862. Boston. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, 

at Chaucellorsville. 
Billings, James D. 35. Canton, Mass. Farmer. May, 

1861. Quincy. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester; discharged for disability, 4 Feb., 1863. 

Blanchard, William J. 18. Mexico, Me. Farmer. 
May, 1861. Hanover, Me. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester; exchanged, November, 1862, but 
never returned to duty. Dropped from the rolls, 17 Oct., 
1862 (State rolls say "disability"). 

Bohoxan, Carlos E. 35. Washington, Vt. Hack- 
driver. 10 Oct., 1862. Boston.— Corporal, 1 Oct., 1863. 
Wounded in hand, 15 May, 1864, at Kesaca. INIustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

BosTOX, Edward. 22. Fairfield, Me. Carpenter. May, 
1861. South Boston. — Detailed as company cook, 6 
Aug., 1S61. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



378 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

BoswORTH, Orin W. 25. Plymouth, Mass. Mason. 14 
Aug., 1862. Plymouth. — Wounded, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancel lorsville. Transferred .to Invalid Corps, 31 Oct., 
1863. 

Brookings, Samuel H. 18. Boston, Mass. Painter. 25 
July, 1862. Winchestei-. — Discharged for disability, 31 
Oct., 1862. 

BuRNHAM, George H. 18. West Cambridge, Mass. Butcher. 
May, 1861. Winchester. — Detached, in 1862, as hos- 
pital steward in Baltimore. Absent 28 May, 1864, when 
mustered out. 

BuRNHAM, Mellen P. 21. Gilead, Me. Machinist. 21 
July, 1862. Winchester.' — Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 
1863, at Gettysburg. . Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 July, 
1864. 

Burns, Andrew J. 23. Boston, Mass. Sailor May, 

1861. Boston. An " old man-of-war's man." — Sergeant, 
May, 1861, to 6 Feb., 1862. Detached to gunboat on the 
Mississippi, 18 Feb., 1862, and deserted while on the way 
thither. 

Callanan, John. 24. Cork, Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. Weymouth. — Wounded in . . . 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain. Taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at Chan- 
cellorsville ; returned to duty, 10 Oct., 1863. Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

Carey, Ephraim. 26. Brookfield, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. West Brookfield. — Discharged for disability, June, 
1861. 

Carll, Alonzo W. 19. Waterboro', Me. Scholar. May, 
1861. Lowell. — Company musician, May, 1861 ; ap- 
pointed principal musician, 1 July, 1863. — See JV^on-com- 
missioned Staff. 

Carroll, Thomas S. 18. Macclesfield, England. Ma- 
chinist. May, 1861. Chicopee. Taken prisoner, 25 
May, 1862, at Winchester. Dropped from the rolls, 17 
Oct., 1862 (State rolls say "disability"). 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 379 

Clark, James IL 19. Easthampton, Mass. Blacksmith. 

May, 18G1. Easthampton. — Died of typhoid fever, 14 

Aug., 1863, at Fairfax, Seminary, Va. 
CoGGixs, John. 20. Riverstown, Ireland. Morocco-dresser. 

May, 18G1. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 24 March, 1862, 

at Kerustown, Va. ; discharged, while paroled prisoner. 

May, 1862. 
Coles, George. 21. Manchestel-, England. Carpenter. 

2 July, 1862. Boston. — "Wounded in shoulder, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 28 

March, 1863. 
Co-MEY, Henry M. 21. Hopkinton, Mass. . . . May, 

1861. Hopkinton. — Corporal, 2 June, 1862; sergeant, 1 
Nov., 1862 ; promoted to be second lieutenant, 1 Nov., 

1862. — See Commissioned Officers. 

Connor, Eugene. 19. Ireland. Laborer. May, 1861. 

Lowell. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 21 Nov., 1863. 
CooLEY, Marius S. 23. Springfield, Mass. Brakeman. 

14 Aug., 1862. Brookline. — Wounded in shoulder, 3 

May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; transferred to Invalid 

Corps. 
Cook, Solomon. 21. Canada. Blacksmith. 17 Feb., 1862. 

Springfield. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, February, 

1862. Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; 

never returned, and dropped from the rolls, 17 Oct., 1862. 
CowLES, William A. 27. Southbridge, Mass. Laborer. 

May, 1861. Warren. — Discharged for disability (from 

accident), July, 1862. 
Cronin, John. 25. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 1861. 

Quincy. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; 

discharged for disability, 17 Oct., 1862. 
Crouch, George H. 20. Warren, Mass. Butcher. May, 

1861. Warren. — Discharged for disability, 19 Nov., 

1862. 
Dane, Hiram. 21. Westford, Mass. Painter. May, 1861. 

Westford. — Discharged for disability, 23 June, 1862. 



380 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Dane, William. 18. Westford, Mass. Farmer. May, 18G1. 
Westford. — Killed in action, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester, 

Dklay, Thomas A. 20. Boston, Mass. Teamster. May, 
18G1. Boston. — Wounded 25 May, 18G2, at Winchester, 
taken prisoner, and paroled; returned to duty, I'J Dec, 
1862. Wounded, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; 
transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept., 1863. 

Dillingham, Charles. 27. Brewster, Mass. Clerk. 15 
Feb., 1862. Chelsea. — Wounded, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain ; died in consequence, 9 Sept., 1862, at 
Alexandria. 

Dillon, Philip F. 20. Boston, Mass. Jeweller. May, 
1861. Providence, R.I. —Wounded in side, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 19 Jan., 1863. 
Wounded in side, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville; dis- 
charged in consequence, 13 Oct., 1863. 

Dix, Charles E. 20. Germany. Weaver. May, 1861. 
South Hadley Falls. — Corporal, May, 1861. Wounded 
in thigh, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; discharged in conse- 
quence, 21 May, 1863. 

Dobbins, George R. 19. Lowell, Mass. ... 9 Oct., 
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 17 Feb., 
1863. 

Dobbins, Richard. 18. Lowell, Mass. Boiler-maker. May, 
1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 17 Oct., 1862. 

Draper, William D: 20. Waylaud, Mass. Machinist. 
May, 1861. Wayland. — Corporal, 1 Jan., 1863. Taken 
prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 
23 Oct., 1862. Wounded in knee, 3 May, 1863, at Chan- 
cellorsville ; discharged in consequence, 3 Nov., 1863. 

Driscoll, Michael. 18 18 Oct., 1861. 

Lowell. — Enlisted in United-States Artillery. 

Eagan, Daniel. 18. Somerville, Mass. Glass-blower. 30 
June, 1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 15 Oct., 
1862. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 381 

Eaton, Hiram A. 21. Ludlow, Mass. Hatter. May, 

1861. Soutliampton. — Corporal, May, 1861, to 1 July, 

1862. Died of typhoid fever, July, 1862, at Frederiek, 
INId. 

Faruell, Edward. 29. Lowell, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 

1861. Marblehead. — Corporal, 18 May, 1862; sergeant, 
1 Jan., 1863, to 1 Oct., 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 1862. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Fisher, Charles G. 20. Roxbury, Mass. Clerk. May, 
1861. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Fitch, Albert. 18. Woburn, Mass. Farmer. May, 1861. 
Burlington. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1861. Killed in action, 3 
May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 

Foley, William. 22. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 

1861. Braintree. — Wounded in hand, 25 May, 1862, at 
AVinchester; discharged for disability, 26 July, 1863. 

French, Henry P. 21. Andover, Mass. Watchmaker. 

16 June, 1862. Andover. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Fuller, Harrison A. 19. Northampton, Mass. Farmer. 
May, 1861. Indian Orchard. — Dropped from the rolls, 

17 Oct., 1862. Enlisted in regular cavalry. 

FuRBER, Joseph. 35. Westmoreland, N.H. (?) Hack-driver. 

21 Oct., 1862. Boston. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, 

at Gettysburg. 
GiLLEEX, John. 36. ... N.Y. Laborer. 23 June, 

1862. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 24 Oct., 1862. 
Glenn, Alexander B. 25. Richmond, Va. Pattern-finisher. 

21 June, 1862. Boston. — Wounded 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Nov., 
1863. 
Goodbier, Robert. 20. Saxony, Germany. Farmer. May, 
1861. South Iladley Falls. — Wounded in hand, 25 May, 



382 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

1862, at Winchester, taken prisoner, and paroled. Dis- 
charged 17 Oct., 1863. 

GoODiiiND, Richard. 18. Devonshire, Eng. Paper-maker. 
May, 1861. Russell. — Corporal, 1 April, 1864. Taken 
prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 
19 Dec, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Gove, Ira L. 44. Montpelier, Vt. Cabinet-maker. May, 

1861. Winchester. — Wagoner, 1 July, 1861. Discharged 
for disability, 19 Feb., 1862. 

Gove, Sorell. 32. Montpelier, Vt. Laborer. 23 July, 

1862. Winchester. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 
Sept., 1862. 

Green, Joseph D. 20. Petersham, Mass. Barber. 15 
May, 1861. Ware. — Transferred, 1 Jan., 1862, to Com- 
pany H, which see. 

Green, IMartin. 39. Roxbury, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 

1861. Melrose. — Wounded in thigh and in arm, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain ; was left at Culpepper, 17 Aug., 
1862, in the evacuation of that place, and undoubtedly 
died. 

Hatch, Francis A. 24. Winchester, Mass. Machinist. 

23 July, 1862. Winchester. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain. 
Hazelton, Charles H. 24. Boston, Mass. Mason. May, 

1861. AYinchestei'. — Corporal, Nov., 1861, to 30 Dec, 

1862. Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Moun- 
tain ; i-eturned to duty, . . . 1863. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

Howard, Henry 0. 18. ... Mass. Mariner. 26 June, 

1862. Springiield. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at 

Cedar Mountain. 
HoxSEY, Henry C. 26. Williamstown, Mass. Farmer. 

May, 1861. Williamstown. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain. 
Hubbard, John. 28. Ireland. Laborer. 7 July, 1862. 

Boston. — Dropped from the rolls, '2{j July, 1863 (rolls at 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 383 

State House say " monthly report says ' discharged for dis- 
ability, 19 July, 18G2.' Killed at Cedar Mountain.") 

HuKXKY, Martin. 21. Clough, Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in hand, 25 May, 1862; dis- 
charged in consequence, 5 Feb., 1863. 

JoiiNSOX, John W. 22. Barre, Vt. Grocer, 7 July, 
18G2. Boston. — Term prolonged. Dischai'ged, 11 Jan., 
1865, by order of War Department. 

Jones, Edward. 34. Manchester, England. Cabinet- 
maker. May, 1861. Burlington. — Taken prisoner, 25 
INIay, 18G2, at Winchester ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. 
Died of typhoid pneumonia, 13 Nov., 1862, near Sharps- 
burg, Md. 

KiiLLEY, Frederick. 21 Printer. May, 1861. 

Boston. — Discharged for disability, 19 Oct., 1861. 

Kkmp, Ezekiel. 22. Hopkinton, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 

1861. Hopkinton. — Corporal, 30 Dec, 1862; sergeant, 
1 Oct., 1863. Wounded in wrist, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg ; returned to duty, 1 vSept., 1863. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

King, Warren H. 19. Monson, Mass. ... 13 March, 

1862. Springfield. — Dropped from the rolls, 17 Oct., 
1862. 

KiRBY, Edward. 21. Nova Scotia. Farmer. May, 1861. 
Cambridge. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winches- 
ter; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Wounded in thigh, 
3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. Absent in hospital, 27 Sept., 
1864, when mustered out. 

KiTTREDGE, Malcolm G. 26. Nelson, N.H. Painter. 
May, 1861. Brookline. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville. 

Laflin, William W. 35. Charlestown, Mass. Track- 
master. May, 1861. Warren. — Detailed as company 
cook, 6 -Aug., 1861, to 22 Jan., 1862. Discharged for dis- 
ability, 7 July, 1862. 

Lamb, John. 25. Koscommon, Ireland. Laborer. ^lay, 
1861. . . . — Discharged lor disability, 11 Jan., 1863. 



884 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS ESfPANTRY. 

Lamb, Thomas. 28. Roscommon, Ireland. Laborer. May, 
186L Lonsdale (R.L ?) — Taken prisoner at Winchester^ 
25 May, 1862 ; returned to duty, Oct., 1862. Discharged 
for disability, 29 July, 1863. 

Lawrenck, George C. 42. Boston, Mass. Hair-dresser, 
24 July, 1862. Winchester. — Wounded in tliigh, 3 July, 
1863, at Gettysburg; ti'ansferred to Invalid Corps, . . . 
1863. 

Lawton, John. 43. Limerick, Ireland. Carpenter. 12 
Aug., 1862. Brookline. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Leahy, Daniel. 24. Coscomley, Ireland. Laborer. May, 

1861. Boston. — Deserted, Aug., 1863. 

Leckie, Charles D. 18. Boston, Mass. Clerk. 28 July, 

1862. Brookline. — Transferi-ed to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept., 
1863. 

Lee, Patrick. 30. Connaught, Ireland. Laborer. May, 
1861. Marblehead. — Deserted 18 Feb., 1863, while hav- 
ing a pass to visit Washington. 

LiNFEST, James H. 34. . . . Me. Ship-carpenter. 18 
Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 1 July, 
1862. 

LiNFiELD, Jonathan. 21. Stoughton, Mass. Machinist. 
May, 1861. Canton. — Wounded, 9 Aug., 1862, at Ce- 
dar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 1 July, 1863. 

Lynch, James R. 25. Halifax, N.S. Stone-cutter. May, 
1861. Boston. — Corporal, May, 1861; sergeant, 1 Nov., 
1861. Died of typhoid fever, 29 May, 1862, at Williams- 
port, Md. 

Madden, Amos L. IS. Milford, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Milford. — Corporal, 3 July, 1863, "for gallantry 
in action ; " and color-corporal same day. Wounded in 
neck, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 
10 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864 

Mallard, Levi W. 31. Tuftonborough, N.H. Cord- 
wainer. May, 186 L Lynn. — Corporal, July, 1861; 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 385 

color-corporal, 4 July, 1862; sergeant, 1 Nov., 18G2,to 30 
Dec, 18G2, when returned to the ranks at his own request, 
on account of ill-health. Discharged for disability, 30 
March, 1863. 

Mannion, John. 27. Queenstown, Ireland. Laborer. 
May, 1861. Wareham. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, 
at Winchester; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 1862. Wounded, 
3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 28 
July, 1863. Discharged for disability, 30 Sept., 1863. 

Marsh, Allen A. 20. Coleraine, Mass. Tailor. May, 
1861. South Adams. — Wounded in shoulder (by shell), 
25 May, 1862, at Winchester, taken prisoner, and paroled ; 
dropped from the rolls, 17 Oct., 1862. 

Mayxard, Charles E. 32. Ashburnham, Mass. Brake- 
man. 14 Aug., 1862. Bi'ookliue. — Discharged for dis- 
ability, 18 Feb., 1863. 

McCarthy, John. 19. Lee, Mass. Farmer. May, 1861. 
Lee. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 20 Oct., 1861. 
Enlisted in Fourth United-States Artillery, 27 Oct., 1862. 

McCrohan, Daniel. 22. Tralee, L-eland. Servant. May, 
1861. Ilolyuke. — Wounded, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 
Mountain. Enlisted in United-States Cavalry, 29 Dec, 
1862. 

McDermott, John. 19. Halifax, N.S. Painter. May, 
1861. South Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

McDonald, Charles A. 26. Chatham, N.B. Currier, 
May, 1861. North Woburn. — Corporal, May, 1861; 
sergeant, 5 Jan., 1862 ; first sergeant, 1 Nov., 1862, to 19 
April, 1863, when made second sergeant; first sergeant 
again, 17 July, 1863, to 1 Oct., 1863. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

Mbykr, Henry G. 43. Bokenhein, Germany. Barber. 
5 Aug., 1862. Boston, — A corporal in European ser- 
vice. Wounded in abdomen, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; 
not disabled. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
25 



386 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Mo OAR, Charles A. 23. Ipswich, Mass. Student. 13 
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Corporal, 1 Oct., 18G3. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

MoRiARTY, Dennis. 38. Kilkenny, Ireland. Stone-cutter. 
May, 1861. Quincy. — Died of typhoid fever, 3 April, 
1862, at Quincy, Mass., while on furlough. 

Morse, Eleazar. 40. Rutland, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. West Medway. — Discharged for disability, 5 
March, 1864. 

Nelsox, John F. 24. Lowell, Mass. Carpenter. May, 
1861. Lynn. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Wounded, 3 
May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 1 July, 
1863 ; wounded in hand, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. Ab- 
sent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Nichols, Alpheus 0. 29. Burlington, Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Burlington. — Detaded as regimental wag- 
oner, 20 Aug., 1861 ; detached to division ambulance corps, 
16 Oct., 1862. Discharged for disability, 16 Jan., 1863. 

Noble, Robert R. 20. Williamstown, Mass. Student. 
May, 1861. AVilliamstown. — Sergeant, May, 1861. Dis- 
charged for disability, 18 Aug., 1861. 

O'CoNNELL, Andrew. 33. Kenmare, Ireland. Laborer. 
May, 1861. Quincy. — Dropped from tlie rolls, 26 July, 
1863 (" discharged by order." — Adj. Gen.). 

O'CoNNicLL, Maurice. 28. Kenmare, Ireland. Bootmaker. 
May, 1861. Quincy. — Dropped from the rolls, 26 July, 
1863 ("discharged by order." — Adj. Gen.). 

Otto, Frank. 24. Saxony. AVeaver. May, 1861. South 
Hadley. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1861, to 1 Jan., 1864; trans- 
ferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, 1 Jan., 1864. 

Pagi-:, Theophilus F. 18. AVoburn, Mass. Currier. May, 
1861. North Woburn. — Corporal, May, 1861 ; sei'geant, 
18 May, 1862. Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 
Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 26 Jan., 1863. 
Became second lieutenant in the Twenty-eighth Massa- 
chusetts. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 387 

PalmivR, Azro. 22. Dickinson, N.Y. Carpenter. May, 
18G1. Dickinson, N.Y. — Discharged for disability, 17 
Oct., 1862. 

Pakki:u, Alvah J. 23. Peterboro', N.H. Machinist. 
May, 18G1. Peterboro', N.H. — Wounded in arm (ampu- 
tated), 9 Aug., 18G2, at Cedar Mountain; discharged in 
consequence, 11 Sept., 18G2. 

Parker, Charles A Oct., 1861. Lowell. 

Absent in hospital, 15 Oct., 1864, when mustered out. 

Patio, Timothy. 28. Billerica, Mass. Farmer. May, 
1861. Burlington. — Wounded in breast, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg. Absent iu hospital, 28 May, 1864, when 
mustered out. 

PiiCK, Chauncy. 20. Ilawley, Mass. Farmer. May, 1861. 
Warren. — Killed in action, 24 May, 1862, near Kerns- 
town, Va. 

Peck, Philo H. 18. Hawley, Mass. Laborer. May, 
1861. Warren. — Hospital attendant, 1861, to 13 April, 
18G2. Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Pentlam), William J. 26. Boston, Mass. Painter. May, 

1861. South Boston. — Detached as post mail agent, 20 
March, 1863, to May, 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 24 Oct., 1862. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Powers, Albert W. 20. AVarren, Mass. Salesman. 15 
May, 1861. Warren. — Corporal, May, 1861 ; sergeant. 
May, 1861. Transferred, 20 Dec, 1861, to Company H., 
which see. 

PuRCELL, James. 27. Dublin, Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 

1861. Natick. — Corporal, 12 Feb., 1862; color-corporal, 
15 Jan., 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Killed in action, 
3 ]\Iay, 1863, at Chancellorsville, while color-corporal. 

Kemick, Prescott. 21. Gardiner, Me. Bootmaker. 20 
March, 1862. Boston. — Wounded iu breast, 17 Sept., 

1862, at Antietam ; died iu consequence, 2 Oct., 1862, at 
Frederick, Md. 



388 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Richardson, Jesse. 22. Winchester, Mass. Clerk. 8 
July, 18G2. Winchester. — Corporal, 29 Nov., 18G2 ; 
first sergeant, 1 Oct., 18G3. Wounded in head, o July, 
1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 1 Sept., 1863. 
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Richardson, Moses P. 25. Woburn, Mass. Farmer. 
May, 1861. Winchester. — Corporal, 9 Jan., 1862; ser- 
geant, 12 Feb., 1862; first sergeant, 19 April, 1863. 
Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; re- 
turned to duty, 26 Oct., 1862. Wounded in arm and 
side, 17 Sept., 1862; returned to duty, July, 1863. Ap- 
pointed sergeant-major, 17 July, 1863. — See Non-com- 
missioned Staff. 

Root, Warner A. 19. Vernon, Vt. Clerk. 11 May, 
1861. South Hadley Falls. — Appointed company clerk, 
18 Jan., 1862 ; detailed as acting hospital steward, 17 Nov., 
1862; appointed hospital steward, 16 Feb., 1863. — See 
Non-commissioned Slaff. 

Sawyer, Jonas H. 26. Sidney, Me. Hack-driver. 10 
Oct., 1862. Boston. — Woanded in leg (broken), 3 May, 
1863, at Chancellorsville, and taken prisoner; never re- 
turned to regiment. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

SCANNELL, James. 26. Croome, Ireland. Laborer. May, 

1861. Quincy. — Wounded in foot, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester, taken prisoner and paroled. Discharged in con- 
sequence of wound, 22 April, 1863. 

Sharon, Joseph D. 29. Boston, Mass. Wheelwright. 

23 July, 1862. Winchester. — Mustered out 28 May, 

1864. 
Smith, George A. 18. Springfield, Mass. Laborer. 17 

Feb., 1862. — Springfield. — Wounded in shoulder, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain ; died in consequence, 29 Oct., 
1862, at Washington, D.C. 

South ACK, George P. 21. Boston, Mass. Soldier. May, 
1861. Boston. — A soldier in United-States army in 
Utah. First sergeant, May, 1861, to 9 May, 1862. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 389 

Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; 
traDsfen-ed to Invalid Corps. 
Spkncku, Lorenzo D. 32. Tjringham, Mass. Paper- 
maker. May, 18GI. Russell. — Corporal, May, 18G1, to 

1 July, 18G2 ; detached as clerk to division ordnance 
department, 9 Aug., 1861. Discharged for disability, 20 
Oct., 1862. 

Si'RAGUic, George W. 18. Deerfield, Mass. Laborer. 

May, 1861. North Adams. — Deserted 19 Aug., 1862. 
Stevens, Alfred. 21. Charlestown, Mass. Farmer. May, 

1861. Warren.— Died of typhoid fever, 8 April, 1862, 

at Frederick, Md. 
Stone, Roswell L. 21. Warren, Mass. Laborer. May, 

1861. Warren. — Vyounded in groin, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain; discharged in consequence, 9 March, 
1863. . 

Tebbets, Charles W. (M.?). 31. Bath, Me. Engineer. 

21 Oct., 1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 4 

March, 1863. 
Tenney, Michael. 27 Sailor. May, 1861. 

Marblehead. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 1861 ; sergeant, 30 Dec, 

1862. Wounded in leg, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; 
returned to duty, 17 Dec, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Tho 51 AS, Charles W. 21. Boston, Mass. Salesman. 26 July, 
1862. Boston. — Corporal, 30 Doc, 1862; sergeant, 1 
Jan., 1863 ; promoted to be second lieutenant. — See Com- 
missioned Officers. 

Thompson, Alfred J. 24. Coleraine, Ireland. Laborer 

2 July, 1861. Boston. — Mustered out, 28 May, 1864. 
Tiffany, Owen. 20. Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 1861. 

Warren. — Wounded in side and arm, 17 Sept., 1862, at 
Antietam ; discharged in consequence, 13 April, 1863. 
ToAL, John. 35. Dundalk, Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. Quincy. — AVounded 2.5 May, 1862, at Winchester, 
and taken prisoner; returned to duty, 19 Dec, 1862. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



390 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Walcott, George K. 18. Brighton, Mass. Painter. 

May, 1861 — Discharged for disability, June, 

1861. 

Watson, Gerando J. 21. Winchester, Ma«s. Farmer. 
21 July, 18G2. Winchester. — Previously in the Twenty- 
second Massachusetts. Discharged for disability, 30 Nov., 
1862. 

Welch, William. 88. Cork, Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. South Braiutree. — Detailed as company cook, 23 
Jan., 1862. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 18G2, at Winches- 
ter ; returned to duty, October, 1862. Discharged fur dis- 
ability, 31 Jan., 1863. 

Wheaton, Daniel H. 21. Machias, Me. Sailor. May, 
1861. Machias, Me. — Detached to gunboat on the Mis- 
sissippi, 18 Feb., 1862. Dropped from the rolls, 26 July, 
1863, 

Whiddex, Charles L. 21. Atkinson. Me. Carriage- 
builder. May, 1861. Atkinson, Me. — Corporal, May, 
1861, to 29 Nov., 1862, when returned to ranks during 
prolonged absence. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester; returned to duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Wounded 
in hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. Absent in hos- 
pital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Whitten, George. 18. Newburjport, Mass. Morocco- 
dressei'. May, 1861. Chelsea. — Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

WiLLiSTON, Roland vS. 26. Holyoke, Mass. Barber. 
May, 1861. Holyoke. — Corporal, May, 1861; sergeant, 
July, 1861 ; first sergeant, 18 May, 1862. Wounded in 
hand and in thigh (leg amputated), 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 
Mountain ; died in consequence, 18 Aug., 1862, at Culpep- 
per, Va. 

AViLSON, Gordon S. 20. Salisbury, N.H. Clerk. May, 
1861. Plymouth, N. II.— Corporal, 1 Jan., 1863. Killed 
in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Young, Albert A. 20. Jay, Me. Teamster. May, 1861. 
Manchester, N.H. — Deserted 1 Sept., 1861. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 391 

Young, John E. 25. Belfast, Me. Machinist. May, 
1861. Nortli Andover. — Corporal, May, 18G1, to . . • 
1861. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



COMPANY H. 

AcKEKT, Lord M. 31. New-York City. Machiuist. 30 
Au^., 1862. Peru. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

ANGirLL, Charles. 20. Webster, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. Dudley. — Corporal, September, 1861, to 20 Dec, 
1861 ; and a-ain, 1 May, 1862. Sergeant, 1 March, 1863. 
Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam; returned to 
duty, 10 Iklarch, 1863. Wounded in hip, 3 May, 1863, at 
Ci.ancellorsville; not disabled. Wounded in hip, 3 July, 
■ 1863, at Gettysburg; not disabled. Mustered out 28 May, 

1864. 
Babgock, Alonzo J. 26. Norwich, Vt. AVeaver. 11 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Transferred to Company H, from 
Company A, 21 Dec., 1861. Corporal, 21 Dec, 1861 ; 
sergeant, 21 Nov., 1862; first sergeant, 14 March, 1863. 
Wmnided in arm (amputated above the elbow), 3 July, 
1863, and died in consequence, 10 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg. 
Ball, George. 30. Lancashire, England. Shoemaker. 
23 May 1^61. Roxbury. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to Sep- 
tember,' 1861 ; corporal, 29 Dec, 1861, to 1 Jan., 1862. 
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; returned 
to duty, October, 1862. Company cook, 16 'Feb., 1864. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Barrkll, Paschal. 25. Turner, Me. Farmer. 8 Aug., 
1862. Brooklino. — Wounded in groin, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chaucellorsville ; died in consequence, 12 May, 1863, at 
Aquia Landing, Va. 



392 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Bell, James P. 35. Searsport, Me. Shoemaker. 23 May, 
1861. North Bridgewater.— Corporal, May, 1861. De- 
serted 1 Sept., 1861. 

BiNNEY, George L. 20. Boston, Mass. Clerk. 11 May, 

1861. Roxbury. — Detailed as quartermaster's clerk, 11 
May, 1861. Appointed quartermaster sergeant, 15 March, 

1862. — See Non-commissioned Staff ; also. Commissioned 
Officers. 

Birmingham, John. 19. Danvers, Mass, Shoemaker. 11, 
May, 1861. Danvers. — Discharged for disability, June, 
1861. 

Boss, Charles. 22. Albany, N.Y. — Laborer. 22 Oct., 
1861. Lowell. — Deserted, 26 May, 18(}2. 

Brown, John. 22. Sligo, Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 

1861. North Bridgewater. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 

1863. at Chancellorsville ; not disabled. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

Brown, Tliomas. 21. Marblehead, Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Killed in action. 17 Sept., 

1862, at Antietam. 

BuRDETT, Charles. 21. North Reading, Mass. Shoe- 
maker. May, 1861. North Reading. — Corporal, 21 
Nov., 1862. Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg; died in conseqiience, 8 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

BuKKE, James. 21. Cork, L-eland. Shoemaker. May, 

1861. Abington. — Wounded in shoulder, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 6 Oct., 1862. Killed 
in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 

Burke, Thomas. 20. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Marblehead. — Wounded in arm, 17 Sept., 

1862, at Antietam; returned to duty, 10 Dec, 1862. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

BuRRiLL, David, jr. 33. ... Mass. Shoemaker. 21 
May, 1861. Stoughton. — Enlisted wagoner, July, 1861, 
to September, 1861 ; company cook, September, 1861, to 
20 April, 1863. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when 
mustered out. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 393 

Bdtterfield, Dexter. 19. Dunstable, Mass, Farmer. 
19 Oct., 1861. Dunstable. — Transferred, 21 Dec., 18G1, 
to Company A, which see. 

Cahill, Robert C 19. Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 18G1. 
Marblehead. — Transferred to Company H, from Com- 
pany C, 28 Dec, 1861. Corporal, 29 Dec., 1861. Killed 
in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Cannon, Thomas. 41. . Ireland. Farmer. 23 July, 1862. 
Winchester. — Discharged for disability, 20 March, 1863. 

Carraiiku, Frank L. 25. Armagh, Ireland. Wood-turner. 

11 May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, May, 1861 ; sergeant, 

. July, 1861, to 20 Dec, 1861. Detached to Corthran's 

New- York Battery and to Fourth United-States Artillery, 

10 April, 1862, to 19 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisled. — See 
Second Term. 

Casey, Michael. 19. Tipperary, Ireland. Shoemaker. 15 
May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Corporal, 5 Sept., 1861 ; 
sergeant, 21 Nov., 1862; first sergeant, 24 Aug., 1863. 
Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, and taken 
prisoner ; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 
28 May, 1864. 

Chase, George W. 22. Dudley, Mass. Mule-spinner. 1 1 
May, 1861. Webster. — Wounded in leg, 17 Sept., 1862, 
at Antietam. Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when 
mustered out. 

Chase, Hiram. 23. Dudley, Mass. Mule-spinner. May, 
1861. AVebster. — Corporal, 5 Sept., 1861 ; color-corporal, 
4 July, 1862, to 1 Aug., 1862. Transferred to Invalid 
Corps, 15 Dec, 1863. 

Chase, Willard K. 22. Groveland, Mass. vShoemaker. 

11 May, 1861. Georgetown. — Discharged for disability, 
1 Dec, 1862. 

Clark, John. 29. Boston, Mass. Bootmaker. 11 May, 
1861. Easton. — Detailed wagoner, 1 July, 1861, to 7 
April, 1863. Re-enlisted. — SeQ Second Term. 

Cronin, Dennis. 22. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. 11 



394 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

May, 1861. Boston. — Went to hospital in August, 1862 ; 
absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 
CuLLKN, John. 21. Longford, Ireland. Bootmaker. May, 

1861. North Bri<lge water. — Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Corcoran, William. 20. Cork, Ireland. Cloth-dresser. 
May, 1861. Lowell —Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; transferred to Invalid Corps, 25 Nov., 
1863. 

Dammerall, William H. 18. St. Johns, N.B. Farmer. 
May, 1861. Chelsea. — Taken prisoner, 16 Aug., 1862, at 
Culpepper, Va. ; returned to duty, 24 Dec, 1862. Injured 
by ball striking breastplate, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors- 
ville ; returned to duty, June, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See 
Second Term. 

Davis, James A. 18. Dunstable, Mass. Farmer. 10 
Nov., 1861. Dunstable. — Transferred, 21 Dec, 1861, to 
Company A, which see. 

De Weale, Alfred. 18. Warwick, England. "None." 
21 May, 1861. East Boston. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

DoNNOVAN, John. 22. Kerry, Ireland. Laborer. May, 

1861. Lawrence. — Killed in action, 17 Sept., 1862, at 

Antietam. 
DooLiTTLE, Samuel. 26. Oswego, N.Y. Printer. May, 

1861. Toledo, Ohio. — In hospital since August, 1862; 

was in convalescent camp, 7 May, 1863; absent in hospi- 
tal, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 
Duffy, Thomas. 29. Farmanha, Ireland. Laborer. May, 

1861. Easton. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 

Mountain. 
Dunbar, John B. 18. West Bridge water. Farmer. May, 

1861. West Bridgewater. — Died of typhoid fever, 6 

Nov., 1861, at Seneca Mills, Md. 
Farringtox, John E. 20. Milford, Mass. Laborer. 30 

Aug., 1862. Milford. — Wounded in abdomen, 3 July, 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 395 

18G3, at Gettysburg; died in consequence, , . July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg. 
Fernald, Charles F. 20. Wakefield, N.II. Farmer. U 
Aug., 1862. Wakefield, N.II — Wounded and missing 
(doubtless dead), 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 
Flynn, Charles. 29. Mayo, Ireland. Carpenter. May, 

1861. Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Foss, Phineas H. 44. Wayne, Me. Bootmaker. May, 
1861. Boston. — Detailed as hospital orderly, 18 Sept., 
1861, to 15 Sept., 1863 ; and again, 21 Nov., 1863, to 22 
Feb., 1864. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
Galligan, Owen. 20. Longford, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Deserted 3 July, 
1861. 
Gardner, Benjamin N. 28. North Bridgewater, Mass. 
Shoe-finisher. 23 May, 1861. North Bridgewater.— 
Corporal, May, 1861, to May, 1861. Detached to division 
division ambulance corps, 29 Oct., 1862. Died of disease, 
31 Dec, 1862, at Frederick, Md. 
Gelray, Joseph W. 24. Manchester, England. Weaver. 
11 May, 1861. Lowell. — Transferred to Company H, 
from Company A, 22 Dec, 1861. In Company A, corpo- 
ral, 25 May, 1861 ; in company H, sergeant, 22 Dec, 
1861. Wounded severely in arm, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antie- 
tam. Promoted to be second lieutenant, 25 Dec, 1862. — 
See Cummissioned Officers. 
GiLLEY, George. 18. At sea, off Cape Cod. Sailor. 20 
May, 1861. Boston. — Company musician, May, 1861. 
He-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
Gordon, John. 45. Hampstead, N.H. Farmer. 23 
July, 1862. — Winchester. — Died of chronic diarrhoea, 
6 Jan., 1863, at Alexandria, Va. 
Greene, Charles F. 25. Meredith, N.H. Shoemaker. 24 
May, 1861. New York. — First sergeant, 24 May, 1861, 
to 19 Dec, 18G1. Detailed as quartermaster's clerk, 30 
March, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



396 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Greene, Joseph D. 20. Petersham, Mass. Barber. 15 
May, 1861. Ware. — Transferred to Company II, from 
Company G, 1 Jan., 1862. Corporal, 31 July, 1863. De- 
tached to duty at Long Island, Boston Harbor, 16 July, 
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Hall, Charles M. 29. Rochester, Mass, Shoe-finisher. 
May, 1861. North Bridge water. — Corporal, . . May, 
1861. Deserted, Sept., 1861. 

Hall, Freeman L. 18. Worcester, Mass. Farmer. May, 

1861. Milbury. — Wounded in leg, d Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 25 March, 
1863. 

Haney, William. 19. Randolph, Mass. Shoemaker. 2 
Sept., 1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

HannI'Gan, Michael. 25. Mayo, Ireland. Laborer. 11 
May, 1861. Dedham. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville. 

Harbird, John. 21. Boston, Mass. Brush-maker. 30 
July, 1862. Boston. — Deserted 25 Dec, 1862. 

Harris, William. 21. Kilkenny, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
23 May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Sergeant, 23 May, 
.1861. Wounded in neck, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester 
(in the street), taken prisoner and paroled ; returned to 
duty, 24 Nov., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Heel AN, Patrick. 18. Limerick, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Easton. — Corporal, 21 Nov., 1862. Wounded 
in breast, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville; in hospital, 28 
May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Hennessey, Jeremiah. 26. Boston, Mass. Laborer. 7 July, 

1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 9 Jan., 1863. 
Hill, Gershom S. 26. Gardiner, Me. Bootmaker. ]\Iay, 

1861. Cambridge. — Discharged for disability, .. June, 
1861. 
HoLYOKE, John A. 19. Mai'lboro', Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Marlboro'. — Dischaiged for disability, 24 
Nov., 1862. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 397 

Howe, Leonard. 29. Ipswich, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 
1861. Georgetown. — Corporal, 5 Sept., 18G1. Died of 
chronic diarrhoea, 28 Nov., 18G1, near Seneca Mills, Md. 

Jellisox, WilHam H. 21. Rowley, Mass. Shoemaker. 
]May, 18G1. Rowley. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at 
Wincliester ; returned to AYashington, D.C., and died there, 
of typhoid pneumonia, 13 Oct., 1862. 

JOHNSOX, Arthur. 21. Stockbridge, Vt. Laborer. May, 

1861. Reading, Yt. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
JoHNSOX, Richard. 19. North Bridgewater, Mass. Car- 
penter. May, 1861. Nortli Bridgewater. — Discharged 
for disability, 3 July, 1862. 

Keating, Maurice. 20. Tipperary, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Taken prisoner, 2.5 
May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 

1862. Deserted, 1 April, 1863, while on furlough. 
Keenan, Patrick. 22. Longford, Ireland. Shoemaker. 

May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — In hospital since Au- 
gust, 1862; was returned, June, 1864, as deserter. Re- 
enlisted 24 June, 1864. — See Second Term. 

Kellaher, John. 35. Cork, Ireland. Laborer. May, 
1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 12 Feb., 
1863. 

Kelley, Henry. 32. Leitrim, Ireland. Laborer. May, 

1861. Lawrence (Pawtucket, R.I.?). Mustered out 2^ 
May, 1864. 

Kelliiier, Hugh. 19. Boston, Mass. Laborer. 22 Aug. 

1862. Boston. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept., 
1863. 

Kellogg, Charles F. 36. Amherst, Mass. Painter. 23 
May, 1861. Amherst. — Corporal, 23 May, 1861, to Jul}', 
1861; and again, . . . 1861. Sergeant, 20 Dec, 1861. 
Discharged for disability, 14 Feb., 1863. 

Kennedy, Michael. 23. Kerry, Ireland. Hatter. May, 
1861. Lawrence. — AVounded in groin, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 18 July (20 Oct.?), 

1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



398 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Lehane, James. 24. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. May, 

18G1. Easton. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 18G2, at Cedar 

Mountain; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862, Mustered out 

28 Mfiy, 1864. 
Leigiiton, Daniel M. 45. Addison, Me. Mason. May, 

1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 16 Jan., 1863. 
Leonard, John M. 35. St. Helens, England. Tailor. 

May, 1861. Lee. — Discharged for disability, 28 MaVch, 

1863. 
Longfellow, Nathan. 23. Newbury, Mass. Farmer. 

May, 1861. Newburyport.— Corporal, 12 May, 1862; 

sergeant, 1 March, 1863. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, 

at Winchester; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862, Mustered 

out 28 May, 1864. 
Lynch, James. 27. Longford, Ireland. Boot-treer. May, 

1861. North Bridgewater. — Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned 2 Aug., 1863. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Lyon, John P. 44. Halifax, Mass. Carpenter. 22 Oct., 

1861. Abington. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester; discharged for disability (without returning 

.to the regiment). 
Macomber, Horatio N. 29. Durham, Me. Shoemaker. 

30 Aug., 1862. Newburyport. — Detailed company cook, 

2 Dec, 1863, to 10 Jan., 1864. Mustered out 28 May, 

1864. 
Mason, Charles H. 25. Boston. Painter. May, 1861. 

Boston. — Deserted 18 Sept., 1861. 
McAlevey, Daniel. 30. Ireland. Laborer. 28 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; transferred to Invalid Corps, 25 Nov., 
1863. 

McCready, James. 22. Monahan, Ireland. Shovel- 
maker. May, 1861. Easton. — Discharged for disability, 
19 Nov., 1862. 

McDonnell, Philip. 23. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Salem. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 399 

McDouGAL, Duncan. 25. Scotland. Farmer. 26 July, 
1862. Roxbury. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

McGiiTRiCK, John, 25. Sligo, Ireland. Coachman. 12 
Aug., 1862. BrookUne. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

]\rcKiNSTRET, Charles O. 19. Northbridge, Mass. Shoe- 
maker. May, 1861. Southbridge. — Detailed as company 
cook, May, 1861, to 10 Jan., 1864. Ke-eulisted. — See 
Second Term. 

McLaughlin, Daniel. 43. Ireland. Farmer. 23 July, 
1862. Winchester. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 30 
Nov., 1863. 

MiDDLETON, David A. 22. Boston, INIass. Shovel-maker. 
May, 1861. Easton. — Corporal, 1 June, 1861. Deserted 
7 July, 1861. 

MooERS, Andrew J. 24. Amoskeag, N.H. Machinist. 
26 Aug., 1862. Brookline. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

MoOKE, John (A.?). 24. Antrim, Ireland. Plumber. May, 
1861. Boston. — Wounded in groin, 17 Sept., 1862, at 
Antietam ; dropped from tlie rolls, 27 July, 1863 (State 
rolls say mustered out 28 May, 1864). , 

Morse, George W. 18. Newport, Ky. Farmer. May, 

1861. Athol.— Corporal, 1 Oct., 186.3. Taken prisoner, 
25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 

1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
Motherwell, John. 23. Glasgow, Scotland. Blacksmith. 

23 May, 1861. p:aston. — Corporal, May, 1861 ; sergeant, 
1 July, 1861, to 19 Dec, 1861 ; corporal again, 24 Nov., 
1862, to 4 July, 1863. Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 13 Oct., 1862. Absent 
in hospital, ^% May, 1864, when mustered out. 

MuLHKUN, Philip. 20. Roxbury, Mass. Stone-cutter. 
May, 1861. Boston. — Detached to gunboat on the Mis- 
sissippi, 18 Feb., 1862 ; was there wounded, and discharged 
for disability, 21 March, 1863. 

MuRPiiY, John (1st). 18. Cork, Ireland. Shovel-maker. 



400 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

May, 1861. Easton. — Corporal, 21 Nov., 1862, to 1 
March, 1863. Wounded in breast, 3 July, 1863, at Get- 

• tysburg; returned to duty, 10 Dec, 1863. Wounded in 
arm (amputated), 15 May, 1864, at Resaca; iu hospital, 
28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Murphy, John (2d). 38. Ireland. Tailor. 7 July, 1862. 
Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Murray, Jeremiah. 22. Clare, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. North Bridgevvater. — Corporal, August, 
1861. Deserted August, 1861. 

Murray, Patrick. 26. Cavan, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Discharged for dis- 
ability, 19 March, 1863. 

Murray, Thomas. 22. Kildare, Ireland. Sho%^el-maker. 

10 May, 1861. Easton. — Company musician, 10 May 

1861. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Noonan, Patrick. 36. Roscommon, Ireland. Laborer. 

11 May, 1861. Portland, Me. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester; discharged for disability (without re- 
turning to the regiment), 29 Jan., 1863. 

0'Bri:<:n, Jeremiah. 26. Cork, Ireland. Stone-cutter. 11 
May, 1861. Boston. — Wounded in hip, 17 Sept., 1862, 
at Antietam-; not disabled. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

O'CoNNELL, John G. 21. Kerry, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Worcester. — Killed in action, 25 May, 1862, 
at Winchester. 

O'DoNNELL, Hugh. • 20. Donegal, Ireland. Blacksmith. 
11 May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Wounded in side, 
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; in hospital, 28 May, 
1864, when mustered out. 

O'Reily, Michael. 25. Cork, Ireland. Carpenter. ]May, 

1861. Boston Wounded in shoulder, 24 May, 1862, 

near Kernstown, Va. ; discharged in consequence, 4 Oct., 
1862. 

Paul, Joseph. 19. Williston, Vt. Shoemaker. 22 May, 
1861. Webster. — Corporal, 22 May, 1861, to 5 Sept., 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 401 

18G1. Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors- 

ville ; returned . .April, 18 G4. Mustered out 28 May, 

1864. 
Perry, Charles R. 22. Truro, N.S. May, 1861. Plais- 

tow, N. IT. — Corporal, 5 Sept., 1861, to . . Jan., 1862. 

Deserted 25 Dec, 1862. 
Pierce, James. 21. Roscommon, Ireland. Laborer. May, 
. 1861. Roxbury. — Died of diarrhoea, 20 Dec., 1861, at 

Frederick, Md. 
Powers, Albert ^Y. 20. \Yarren, Mass. Salesman. May, 

1861, Warren. — Transferred from Company G, to Com- 
pany H, 20 Dec, 1861. In Company G, sergeant, May, 
186 1 ; in Company H, first sergeant, 20 Dec, 1861. 
Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. Pro- 
moted to be second lieutenant, 12 July, 1862; but his 
commission did not arrive until after the battle of Cedar 
Mountain. — See Cominissioned Officers. 

Powers, James. 25. Limerick, Ireland. Shovel-makei\ 
May, 1861. Easton. — Discharged for disability, June, 
1861. 

Powers, James E. 24. Limerick, Ireland. Book-gilder. 
May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 5 Sept., 1861. Wounded 
in head, 24 May, 1862, near Kernstown, Va. ; taken pris- 
oner ; paroled. Discharged in consequence of wounds, 14 
Oct., 1862. 

PoAVERS, Richard. 21. Limerick, Ireland. Shovel-maker. 
May, 1861. Easton. — Deserted 7 July, 1861. 

Pratt, John A. 40. Portland, Me. Dyer. 11 Aug., 

1862. Winooski, Vt. — Transferred, 24 Aug., 1862, to 
Company K, which see. 

Proctor, George. 37. Springfield, Vt. Shoemaker. 
22 May, 1861. Reading. — Died, 24 Jan., 1862, at Bal- 
timore, Md. 

Randall, Vernon. 22. Easton, Mass. Shovel-maker. 
May, 1861. Easton. — Corporal, June, 1861. Deserted 
August, 1861. 

26 



402 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Ekes, Thomas. 23. Bristol, England. Printer. May, 

1861. West Brookfield. — Mustered out 28 May, ISG-l. 
Remick, Benjamin F. 23. Gardiner, Me. Bootmaker. 

22 May, 18G1. West Medway. — Killed in action, 17 

Sept., 1862, at Antietara. 
Reynolds, Pati-ick. 24. Longford, Ireland. Shovel-maker. 

May, 1861. East on. — Discharged for disability, 4 March, 

1863. 
Ripley, Silas K. 25. Easton, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 

1861. Easton. — Discharged for disability, 3 July, 1863. 
Sanders, D. Henry. 21. Rowley, Mass. Farmer. 23 

May, 1861. Rowley. — Corporal, 23 May, 1861, to . . June, 
1861 ; and again, 1 March, 1863. Detailed to regimental 
band, . . . 1861, to . . . 1862. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 28 Oct., 1862. 
Severely wounded in groin, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors- 
ville ; in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Sanfokd, John M. 38. Rochester, N.Y. Sailor. 15 

May, 1861. . . . —Sergeant, May, 1861, to July, 1861. 

Detached to gunboat on the Mississippi, 18 Feb., 1862 ; 

discharged. 
Schiel, Charles. 31. Germany. Carpenter. May, 1861. 

Roxbury. — Discharged for disability, 14 Oct., 1862. 
Seavers, Richard. 26. Dublin, Ireland. Laborer. May, 

1861. Easton. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg. 

Smith, Charles F. 23. Boston, Mass. Chemist. 30 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Discharged, 18 April, 1863, to receive 
commission of second lieutenant in the Fifty-fourth Massa- 
chusetts, but commission cancelled. 

Smith, Ervil L. 21. Essex, Mass. Shoemaker. May, 

1861. Roxbury (Rowley ?). — Corporal, 5 Sept., 1861. 

Died of typhoid fever, 28 April, 1862, near Harrisonburg, 

Va. 
Smith, John T. 21. Boston, Mass. Blacksmith. May, 

1861. Easton. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 22 Nov., 

1863. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 403 

Smith, Orin E. 22. Barrington, IMass. Sailor. May, 

1861. Webster. — Corpoi-al, May, 1861; sergeant, 5 
Sept., 1861; first sergeaut, 24 Nov., 1862. Discharged, 
13 March, 1863, to receive the commission of first lieuten- 
ant in the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts, dated 5 March ; 
captain, 31 May, 1^63. Wounded at Fort Wagner, and 
resigned from disability, 25 Jan., 1864. 

Smith, William. 25. Montague, N.S. Caulker. 18 Aug., 

1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
Stetson, Samuel L. 39. Boston, Mass. Carpenter. 13 

May, 1861. Boston.— Corporal, 13 May, 1861, to . . June, 

1861. Detached as pioneer to First Division, 6 April, 

1862. Taken prisoner, 23 May, 1862, at Front Royal, 
Va.; returned to duty, 22 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

Taylor, George. 20. Dunstable, Mass. Farmer. 17 
Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Died of consumption, 8 Feb., 
1862, at Frederick, Md. 

Tibbetts, James M. 41. Frankfort, Me. Carpenter. 
May, 1861. Cambridgeport. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 
1862, at Winchester, and paroled ; returned to duty 28 Oct., 

1862. Discharged for disability, 25 April, 1863. 
Thomas, Linus B. 21. Middleboro', Mass. Shoemaker. 

May, 1861. North Bridgewater. — Wounded in hand, 
3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 23 Nov., 

1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Thompson, Thomas. 35. Sheffield, England. Shoemaker. 

May, 1861. West Bridgewater. — Deserted 12 Sept. 

1862. 
Ward, Hugh. 37. Ireland. Stone-cutter. 2 Sept., 1862. 

Boston. — Wounded in head, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; 

discharged in consequence, 2 Nov., 1863. 
Warner, William B. 32. Boston, Mass. Physician. 

May, 1861. Fitchburg. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to 1 July, 

1861. Deserted August, 1861. 
Webber, Eldred. 32. ILamilton, Mass. Bootmaker. 



404 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEY. 

May, 1861. Wenham. — Corporal, 19 April, 1862. 
Wounded in leg (amputated), 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 
Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 15 Jan., 1863. 

Welch, John. 19. Cork, Ireland. Farmer. May, 1861. 
Easton. — Corporal, 21 Nov., 1862. Wounded in hand, 
3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; in hospital, 28 May, 
1864, when mustered out. 

WiiiTRiiousE, Benjamin F. 20. Newfield, Me. Farmer. 
8 Aug., 1862. Brookline. — Corporal, 1 March, 1863. 
Wounded in groin, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; in hos- 
pital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

Whittemore, Ezra G. 38. Pawtucket, Mass. Shoemaker. 
May, 1861. Easton. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Wright, Oliver. 19. Jay, Me. Farmer. May, 1861. 
East Dixfield, Me. — Taken prisoner, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 16 Dec, 1863. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 



COMPANY I. 

Atkins, William PI. 23. Sheerness, England. Sailor. 
11 May, 1861. Castine, Me.— De.^erted 1 June, 1862. 

Bailey, George M. 23. Wilmington, Mass. Shoemaker. 
17 May, 1861. Wilmington. — Taken prisoner, .. Aug., 
1862, near Manassas Junction ; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 
1862. Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Baine, James. 38. Cornville, Me. Farmer. 14 May, 
1861. Cornville, Me. — Discharged for disability, June, 
1861. 

Baird, William. 21. Glasgow, Scotland. Clerk. 11 May, 
1861. Chelsea. — Corporal, . . . 1861, to 11 Aug., 1861 ; 
again, . . . 1861, to . . . 1861; and again, 16 Feb., 1863, 
to 27 Sept., 1863. Detached as clerk at brigade headquar- 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 405 

ters, G Aug., 18G2, to 26 Oct., 1862. Detailed as clerk at 
regimental headquarters, 20 April, 1863, to 5 May, 1863 ; 
and again, 9 May, 1863, to 21 May, 1863 ; again, 15 Oct., 
1863, to 31 Oct., 1863; again, 2 March, 1864. He-en- 
listed. — See Second Term. 
Bancroft, Thomas A. 27. Wilmington, Mass. Farmer. 

17 May, 1861. Wilmington. — Detailed to commissary 
department, . . July, 1861. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Barrus, John AV. 20. Richmond, N.H. Shoemaker. 22 
May, 1861. Richmond, N.H. — Wounded in breast, 3 July, 
1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, . . July, 1863. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Barrus, Marshall. 24. Richmond, N.H. Shoemaker. 
22 May, 1861. Richmond, N.H. — Wounded in wrist, 
3 May, 1863, at Cham ellorsville ; transferred to Invalid 
Corps, 16 March, 1864. 

BiCKFORD, Charles E. 20. Alton, N.H. Shoemaker. 15 
May, 1861. Alton, N.H. — Wounded in leg, 25 May, 
1862, at Winchester; died in consequence, 16 Nov., 1863, 
at Alisona, Tenn. 

BoNNEY, Wallace. 23. Boston, Mas-^. Painter. 13 May, 

1861. Boston. — Wounded slightly in breast, 1 April, 

1862, near Woodstock, Va. ; the first man wounded in the 
regiment. Discharged for disability, 15 April, 1863. 

BosMORE, Horace. 24. Danville, Me. Farmer. 20 May, 

1861. East Bridgewater. — Sergeant, 20 May, 1861, to 
11 Aug., 1861. Wounded in groin, 24 May, 1862, near 
Newtown, Va. ; died in consequence, ] June, 1862. 

Bradisii, Addison S. 22. Winchendon, Mass. Farmer. 

18 May, 1861. Royalston. — Wounded in leg, 24 May, 

1862, near Newtown, Va. ; discharged in consequence, 25 
July, 1862. 

Brady, Mathias P. 38. Dublin, Ireland. Stone-cutter. 

15 May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged for disabilit}-, 15 

Feb., 1862. 
Brown, David B. 32. Edinburgh, Scotland. Japanner. 



406 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

15 May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 15 May, 1861, to 
July, 1861. Wounded in side, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 
Mountain, and taken prisoner ; returned to duty, 26 Oct., 
1862. Wounded in abdomen, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg; died in consequence, 21 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Butler, Aaron. 43. Shapleigh, Me. Carpenter. 11 
May, 1861. Woburn. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Butters, Theodore S. 19. Wilmington, Mass. Farmer. 
18 May, 1861. Wilmington. — Corporal, 24 March, 1863. 
Wounded in leg (amputated), 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg; died in consequence, 30 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Camara, Nicholas M. 23. Portugal. Cabinet-maker. 13 
May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 14 Sept., 
1863. 

Cameron, Robert. 22. Irvine, Scotland. Paper-maker. 
14 May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 18 Feb., 1862. 
Wounded in abdomen, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; 
died in consequence, 8 May, 1863, at Washington, D.C. 

Carter, James O. 19. Reading, Mass. Farmer. 18 
May, 1861. Wilmington. — Wounded in cheek and hand, 
3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 30 
July, 1863. Detached as orderly at bi'igade headquarters, 
13 Sept., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Chase, Charles J. 20. Ellsworth, Me. Sailor. 11 May, 
1861. Ellsworth, Me. — Detached to gunboat on the Mis- 
sissippi, 18 Feb., 1862. Dropped from the rolls, 27 July, 
1863. 

Cleveland, Harmon S. 27. Dunham, C.E. Shoemaker. 
18 May, 1861. Canada. — Discharged for disability, 15 
Sept., 1861. 

Cody, Stephen. 26. Sotkson (?), Ireland. Glazier. 14 
May, 1861. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, 
at Winchester ; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Killed 
in action, 6 July, 1863, at Gettysburg, while carrying the 
colors. 

Collins, Thomas A. 19. Cork, Ireland. Coppersmith. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 407 

13 May, 1861. Roxbury. — Corporal, 22 Dec, 18G1, to 
. . Dec, 1861 ; sergeant, 9 Oct., 1862. Wounded in ehin, 

17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; discharged inconsequence, 

24 Jan., 18G3. 

CoxAXT, James H. 38. Londonderry, N.H. Spirit-merchant. 

18 May, 1861. Lawrence. — Discharged for disability, 

25 April, 1863. 

CosTELLO, John. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 17 P'eb., 1862. 

Springfield. — Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam, and 

missing; dropped from the rolls, 27 July, 1863. 
CouLSON, Joseph. 19. New- York City. Weaver. 13 

May, 1861. Roxbury. — IMustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Cox, William. 34. Newark (?). Cigar-maker. 18 March, 

1862. Springfield. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 17 Oct., 

1863. 
Cronin, Patrick. 28. Ireland. Bootmaker. 5 July, 1862. 

Milford. — Wounded in arm, 3 May, 1863, at Chancelloi's- 

ville ; returned to duty, 10 Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted. — 

See Second Term. 
Damox, Isaac B. 35. Scituate, Mass. Harness-maker. 

27 Feb., 1862. Weymouth. — Detailed as regimental 
harness-maker, February, 1862. Detached to brigade train, 

28 Dec, 1862, to 26 Sept., 1863. Detailed as regimental 
harness-maker, 17 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

D' Avignon, Francis. 44. Sevres, France. .Artist. 11 
May, 1861. Medford. — Corporal, . . . 1861, to . . June, 

1861. Detached as artist to corps headquarters, 30 July, 

1862. Discharged by order of War Department, 11 May, 
1863. 

Davis, Lorenzo. 41. Sangersville, Me. Mason. 28 May, 
1861. East Abington. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, 
at Winchester ; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Killed 
iu action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 

DoKRFLEK, John. 30. Germany. AYeaver. 18 May, 
1861. Lawrence. — Wounded in knee, 24 May, 1863, at 



408 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Kernstown, Va. ; transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 Sept., 

1863. 
Drugan, John A. 19. East Boston, Mass. Moulder. 16 

May, 1861. Walpole. — Wounded in thigh, 2 4 May. 

1862, near Newtown, Va. ; discharged in consequence, 25 

Jidy, 1862. 
Eastman, Albert D. 29. Chester, N.H. ... 18 May, 

1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 1 5 Feb., 1 862 ; 
but discharge papers were not received until 22 Feb., 

1862, on Avhich day he died, at Frederick, Md. 
Eaton, Minot H. 33. Rockingham, Vt. Printer. 13 

May, 1861. Lynn. — Corporal, 18 Feb., 1862, to 16 
Feb., 1863; sergeant, 14 April, 1863, to 25 Aug., 1863. 
Wounded in neck, 24 May, 1862, near Kernstown, Va., 
and taken prisoner the next day ; retumied to duty, 23 Oct., 
1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Edmunds, James S. 29. Charlestown, Mass. Teamster. 
18 May, 1861. Billerica. — Wounded in head, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 24 Oct., 1862. 
Wounded in hip and in arm, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; 
died in consequence, 20 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Ellsworth, Andrew B. 19. ... Machinist. 12 Oct., 

1861. Lowell. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, . . Feb., 

1862, to 19 Oct., 1863 ; and 30 Oct., 1863. Re-enlisted. 
— See Second Term. 

Farr, Edwards D. . 19. Leicester, Mass. Seaman. 14 
May, 1861. Leicester. — Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain; discliarged in consequence, 14 Feb., 
1863. 

Finn, Bernard. 19. Ireland. Shoemaker. 20 May, 1861. 
Wrentham. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winches- 
ter ; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Wounded in shoulder, 
3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 21 
Nov., 1863. Discharged for disability, 23 Feb., 1864. 

Flagg, Thomas B. 24. Kennebunk, Me. Farmer. 22 
July, 1862. Wilmington. — Discharged for disability, 11 
Nov., 1862. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 409 

Fltnn, Patrick. 32. Waterford, Ireland. Wood-turner. 
11 May, 1861. Waltham. — Detailed company musician, 
May, 1861. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Ford, John. 22. Galway, Ireland. Laborer. 14 May, 
1801. Boston. — Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 18G2, at An- 
tietam ; discharged in consequence, 2 March, 18G3. 

FoRNiCE, William L. 22. Salem, Mass. Laborer. 14 
Oct., 1862. ... — Discharged for disability, 16 Jan., 1863. 

Forrest, Michael A. 20. Cork, Ireland. Shoemaker. 
13 May, 1861. Cambridge. — Corporal, 1 Sept., 1863. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Freeman, Omer W. 18. Swanton, Vt. Shoemaker. 15 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Discharged for disability, 24 April, 
1863. 

Freeman, Willard 0. 44. Swanton, Vt. Carpenter. 24 
July, 1862. Lynn. — Discharged for disability, 30 March, 
1863. 

Gillespie, James J. 20. Galway, Ireland. Printer. 11 
May, 1861. Boston. — Detailed as clerk in adjutant's 
office, 5 Aug., 1862. Discharged for disability, 28 Jan., 
1863. 

Glidden, George A. 32. New Durham, N.II. Shoe- 
maker. 13 May, 1861. Natick. — Corporal, June, 1861 ; 
sergeant, 25 Feb., 1862. Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 2 Feb., 
1863. 

Hancock, Leander C. 21. Boston, Mass. Japanner. 15 
May, 1861. Boston.— Corporal, 26 Feb., 1862. Wounded 
in hand, 24 May, 1862, at Kernstow^n, Va., and taken pris- 
oner ; discharged in consequence of wounds, 11 Oct., 1862. 

Hanning, James. 21. Dumfries, Scotland. Clerk. 15 
May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 1 Sept., 1863. Wounded 
in neck, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; not disabled. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Hanscom, Charles D. 23. Portsmouth, N.H. Carpenter. 
15 May, 1861. Portsmouth, N.H. — Corporal, 22 Dec, 



410 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

1861. Wounded iu hip, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellors- 
ville ; discharged in consequence, 12 Dec, 1863. 

HANSCOJr, Creighton G. 22. Portsmouth, N.H. Printer. 
26 Aug., 1862. Portsmouth, N.H.— Killed in action, 3 
May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 

Harding, George. 25. Brunswick, Me. Laborer. 23 
May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 21 Nov., 
1862. 

Hakt, John L. 24. Sligo, Ireland. Laborer. 15 May, 
1861. Springfield. — Corporal, . . . 1861, to 11 Dec, 
1861. Transferred to Livalid Corps, 16 Jan., 1864. 

HiGGiNS, Charles. 26. Ballinacurra, Ireland. Laborer. 
14 May, 1861. Boston. — Killed in action, 24 May, 1862, 
at Bartonsville, Va. 

Hill, Charles H. 20. Athol, Mass. Shoemaker. 22 
May, 1861. Athol. — Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

HiNES, Michael. 29. Ireland. Tailor. 3 July, 1862. 
Boston. — Discharged for disability, 4 March, 1863. 

HoBBS, James. 22. Livermore, Me. Teamster. 14 May, 
1861. Livermore, Me. — Corporal, 22 Dec, 1861 ; color- 
corporal, . . . 1863. Wounded in breast, 3 July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg, while carrying the colors ; discharged in 
consequence, January, 1864. 

HuLMES, John. 22. Manchester, England. Baker. 18 
May, 1861. Lawrence. — Wounded, 24 May, 1862, near 
Newtown, Va., and missing ; dropped from the rolls, 
November, 1862. 

Hutchinson, James. 42. Londonderry, Ireland. Clerk. 
9 Aug., 1862. Boston. — Wounded in thigh, 3 May, 
1863, at Chancellorsville; returned to duty, 19 May, 
1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

James, John E. 20. Hereford, England. Baker. 17 
May, 1861. Wilmington. — Corporal, 22 Dec, 1861; 
sergeant, 16 Feb., 1863; first sergeant, 14 April, 1863. 
Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester ; returned to 
duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 411 

Jaquith, Simeon. 20, "Wilmington, Mass. Wheelwright. 
18 May, 18G1. Woburn. — Corporul, 11 Aug., 1861. Dis- 
charged as a minor, 25 Aug., 1801. 

Johnson, Calvin. 23. Williamsburg, Mass. Farmer. 1 
June, 1861. Williamsburg. — Transferred to Invalid 
Corps, 15 Feb., 1864. 

Joy, John. 24. Kilkenny, Ireland. Waiter. 26 Aug., 
1862. Boston. — Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg. 

Kennier, Bartholemew. 25. Ireland. Operative. 8 
March, 1862. Springfield. —Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at 
Antietam ; transferred to Invalid Corps, 20 Nov., 1863. 

Kernes, Thomas A. 22. Ireland. Shoemaker. 21 May, 
1861. Natick. — Discharged for disability, 22 Nov., 1862. 

KiTTREDGE, Charles E. 18 11 Oct., 1861. 

Lowell. — Died of typhoid fever, 7 Dec, 1861, at Freder- 
ick, Md. 

Lennon, Thomas H. 22. Roxbury, Mass. Teamster. 
13 May, 1861. Roxbury. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

Lydox, Thomas. 22. Mayo, Ireland. Laborer. 13 May, 

1861. . . . —Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Win- 
chester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Taken prisoner, 
'J June, 1863, at Beverly Ford ; returned to duty, 1 March, 
1864. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Mara, Patrick. 22. Athlone, Ireland. Shoemaker. 18 
May, 1861. Roxbury. — Wounded in arm, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 30 July, 1863. Dis- 
charged for disability, 24 Feb., 1864. 

Martin, John. 33. . . . N.B. Carpenter. 4 June, 1862. 
Roxbury. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chancel- 
lorsville. 

Matthews, John. 27. Boston, Mass. Steward. 7 July, 

1862. Bo>ton. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar jSIountain. Deserted, 11 Oct., 1862, froiii General 
Hospital. 



412 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Maxcey, Edward. 23. New Bedford, Mass. Sailor. 11 
May, 1861. New Bedford. — Corporal, 11 May, 1861, to 
. . Sept., 1861. Detached to gunboat on the Mississippi, 

14 Feb., 1862 ; dropped from the rolls, 27 July, 1863. 
Maynard, Simon O. 23. Enosburg, Vt. Grocer. 15 

May, 1861. Enosburg, Vt. — Corporal, 15 May, 1861, to 
11 Aug., 1861; and again, 25 Feb., 1862; sergeant, 22 
Oct., 1863. Wounded in arm, 25 May, 1862, at Winches- 
ter; returned to duty, 16 Sept., 1862. Mustered out 28 
May, 1864. 

McCaffrey, Cornelius. 18. Ireland. Operative. 21 
Feb., 1862. Boston. — Corporal, 28 May, 1864 ; sergeant, 
1 July, 1864. Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg ; returned to duty, 1 April, 1861. Re-enlisted, 23 
Feb., 1864. — See Second Term. 

McCarthy, Michael. 19. Boston, Mass. Farmer. 13 
March, 1862. Springfield. — Wounded, 9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 6 Nov., 1862. 

McCoRMiCK, John, 24. Tyrone, Ireland. Teamster. 15 
May, 1861. Boston. — Enlisted wagoner. Discharged 
for disability, 16 Nov., 1862. 

McLaughlin, Patrick. 22. Donegal, Ii-eland. Currier. 
13 May, 1861. . . . — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

McTiGHE, Patrick. 18. Galway, Ireland. Carpenter. 11 
May, 1861. Roxbury. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

McKenny', Elisha. 34. Woolwich, Me. Carpenter. 15 
May, 1861. Boston. — Corporal, 15 May, 1861, to 11 
Aug., 1861. — Detached as pioneer to First Division,.. 
Feb., 1862, to 1 April, 1862; and again, 6 April, 1862, to 
23 March, 1863. Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at Chan- 
cellorsville. 

MoGLE, George, jr. 25. Troy, N.Y. Printer. 11 IMay, 
1861. . . . — Deserted 30 Aug., 1861. 

Moore, Thomas. 38. Queen's County, Ireland. Shoemaker. 

15 May, 1861. Saxonville. — Wounded in wrist, 3 July, 
1863, at Gettysburg. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 413 

MuNROE, Andrew B. 25. North Reading, Mass. Shoe- 
maker. 19 May, 1861. North Reading. — Corporal, 11 
Aug., 1861. Wounded in leg, 24 May, 1862, near Kerns- 
town, Va., and prisoner ; paroled ; discharged in consequence, 
in 1862. 

Nason, Horace. 21. Cliesterville, INIe. Teamster. 15 
May, 1861. Natiek Sergeant, 15 May, 1861 ; first ser- 
geant, 25 Feb., 1862. Discharged for disability, 2 Feb., 
1863. 

Nelson, Thomas. 18. Boston, Mass. Driver. 28 May, 
1861. Dorchester. — Taken prisoner, . . Aug., 1862, near 
Manassas Junction; retui'ned to duty, 26 Oct., 186 2. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Nichols, Charles A. 21. Lowell, Mass. Baker. 17 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disabilfty, 3 April, 
1862. 

NuTT, William. 24. Topshara, Yt. Shoemaker. 15 May, 

1861. Nati(k. — Corporal, 15 May, 1861; sergeant, 11 
Aug., 1861. Discharged, 15 March, 1863, to receive the 
commission of second lieutenant in the Fifty-fourth Massa- 
chusetts, dated 5 March ; first lieutenant, 22 May ; captain 
in the Fifty-fifth Massachusetts, 23 May, 1863 ; major, 
23 Nov., 1864; lieutenant-colontd, 25 June, 1865. Mus- 
tered out 29 Aug., 1865. 

O'Connor, Lawrence. 29. Ireland. Laborer. 10 March, 

1862. . . . — In hospital, Columbus, Ohio, 10 April, 1865, 
when mustered out. 

O'Connor, Tiniuthy. 20. Cork, Ireland. Law-student. 

13 May, 1861. — Detailed as regimental clerk,. . May, 

1861. Severely wounded in breast by guerillas, 12 May, 

1862, near Woodstock, Va. ; discharged for disability, 
in 1862. (Admitted to practice of law in Boston.) 

O'DoNNELL, Anthony. 34. ... N.H. Cutler. 11 May, 
1861. Boston. — Detached to gunboat on the Mississippi, 

14 Feb., 1862. Dropped from the rolls, 27 July, 1863. 
Parker, Rufus A. 20. Mouson, Mass. Farmer. 11 



414 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

March, 1862. Springfield. — AVounded thi-ougli lungs, 
3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; died in consequence, 21 July, 
1863, at Gettysburg. 

Pattison, Everett W. 22. Waterville, Me. Student. 
27 May, 1861. Worcester. — First sergeant, 27 May, 
1861 ; promoted to be second lieutenant, 4 Feb., 1862. — 
See Commissioned Officers. 

PiERSON, Hiram J. 28. Tewksbury, Mass. Carpenter. 
18 May, 1861. Tewksbury.— Corporal, 18 Sept., 1861 ; 
sergeant, 14 April, 1863, to 25 Aug., 1863 ; corporal again, 
24 Dec, 1863, to 29 Dec, 1863. Wounded in head, 
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 25 
Oct., 1862. Wounded in shoulder, 15 Ma}',_ 1864, at 
Resaca, and died in consequence, 14 June, 1864. 

Pratt, Reuben A. 24. North Chelsea, Mass. Brick- 
makir. 11 May, 1861. North Chelsea.— Discharged for 
disability, 15 Jan., 1862. 

QuiNiV, George W. 19. Boston, Mass. Printer. 11 May, 

1861. Boston. — Wounded in leg, 24 May, 1862, near 
Kernstown, Va. ; taken prisoner; parolled ; discharged in 
consequence of wounds, in 1862. 

QuiNN, Patrick S. 19. ... Ireland. Dyei\ 23 June, 

1862. Lowell. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar 
Mountain ; never returned to duty ; discharged fur disa- 
bility, 29 Nov., 1862. 

Rambeck, Leonard. 34. Germany. Spinner. 17 May, 
1861. . . .— Died of typhoid fever, 19 Oct., 1861, at 
Darnestown, Md. 

Reed, Israel S. 32. Auburn, N.H. Watcliman. 17 
May, 1861. Ilampstead, N.H. — Died, 13 March, 1863, 
at Frederick, Md. 

Reed, Levi G. 35. Uxbridge, Mass. Rivet-driver. 18 
May, 1861. Boston. — Deserted 17 June, 1862. 

Richardson, George W. 23. Billerica, Mass. Shoe- 
maker. 18 May, 1861. Billerica. — Deserted 27 June, 
1861. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 415 

Richardson, Harry G. 26. Northampton, Mass. Car- 
penter. 14 May, 1861. Sunderland. — Sergeant, 14 
May, 1861. Discharged for disability, 10 Feb., 1863. 

Ross, James. 26. Manchester, Paigland. Spinner. 23 
June, 1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 2 April, 
1863. 

Sawyer, Andrew H. 24. New Gloucester, Me. Sailor. 
22 July, 1862. Boston. — Wounded in hip, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; died in consequence, 18 Aug., 1863, at 
Washington, D.C. 

SiiEERiN, Charles S. 20. Boston, Mass. Printer. 14 
May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged 14 Feb., 1863, to re- 
ceive the commission of second lieutenant in the Sixteenth 
Massachusetts, of that date. 

Shepherd, Joseph F. 22. Northampton, Mass. Book- 
binder. 11 May, 1861. Northampton. — Corporal, 18 
Sept., 1861, to 5 Dec, 1861. Discharged for disability, 
June, 1862. 

Smith, Patrick C. 34. Dublin, Ireland. Tanner. 18 
May, 1861. Lawrence. — Wounded in arm, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville ; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Sept., 
1863. 

Steele, Joseph. 32. Newburyport, Mass. Sailor. 11 
May, 1861. Byfield. — Wounded in leg, 24 May, 1862, 
near Kernstown, Va., and taken prisoner; returned to 
duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Wounded in breast, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville; returned to duty, 2 April, 1864. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Sylvester, Loamnii B. 29. Hanover, Mass. Shoemaker. 
27 Feb., 1862. Boston. — Wounded in arm and breast, 9 
Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; died in consequence, 
7 Sept., 1862, at Alexandria, Va. 

Taylor, Elbridge G. 23. Wilmington, Mass. Carpenter. 
18 May, 1861. AVilmington. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 
1862, at Winchester; died of fever, 16 Aug., 1862, at 
Richmond, Va., while a prisoner. 



416 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Thayer, Alfred S. 30. Boston, Mass. Clerk. 18 May, 
18G1. Middleboro'. — Detached to signal corps, . . Aug., 
1861 ; transferred to signal corps, 1 Aug., 1863. 

Trayner, Charles. 29. Monaghan, Ireland. Laborer. 13 
May, 1861. Waltham. — Wounded in leg, 21 May, 1862, 
near Kernstown, Va., and taken prisoner ; returned to 
duty, 19 Dec, 1862. Killed in action, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg. 

Tucker, William L. 21. Roxbury, Mass. INIachinist. 
14 Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Discharged for disability, 16 
Feb., 1862. 

Voelckers, Frederick S. 22. Boston, Mass. Machinist. 
13 May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 4 
Jan., 1862. 

Walsh, Michael. 27. Luborn(?), Ireland. Laborer. 7 
July, 1862. Lowell. — Deserted 26 Jan., 1863. 

Webb, James. 32. Haverhill, Mass. Shoemaker. 11 
May, 1861. Lawrence. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville. 

Webb, William H. 34. Haverhill, Mass. Shoemaker. 
11 May, 1861. Haverhill. — Discharged for disability, 
6 July, 1861. 

Wheeler, Austin E. 18. Canaan, Me. Shoemaker. 18 
May, 1861. Lawn-nce. — Wounded in hip, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville; returned to duty, 18 Oct., 1863. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

White, John H. 21. Framingham, Mass. Shoemaker. 
18 May, 1861. Wilmington. — Detailed company musi- 
cian. May, 1861. Mustered out 28 May, 1861. 

Whitehouse, John S. 26. Somersworth, N.H. Mechanic. 
18 May, 1861. Dover, N.H. — Discharged for disability, 
in 1863. 

Whitney, Turner. 23. Natick, Mass. Shoemaker. 15 
May, 1861. Natick. — Corporal, 11 Aug., 1861, to 9 Oct., 
1862. Transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Dec, 1863. 

WiGGiN, John. 19. Cambridge, Mass. Butcher. 7 July, 
1862. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 417 

Willis, George H. 22. Wayland, Mass. Clicker. 15 
May, 1861. Natick. — Sergeant, 15 May, 18G1 ; color- 
sergeaut, . . . 18G2, to 4 July, 18G2. Killed in action, 

9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

"Wilson, Francis. 18. Norristown, Pa. Laborer. 11 
May, 1861. Reading, Pa. Wounded in face, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 10 Oct., 1862. 
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Wright, Samuel. 21. Roxbury, Mass. Driver. 28 
May, 1861. Roxbury. — Detailed as regimental wagoner, 
1 July, 1861. Detached as wagoner to brigade head- 
quarters, March, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Young, Benjamin F. 28. Strafford, N.H. Shoemaker. 
13 May, 1861. Natick. — Corporal, 18 Sept., 1861, to 

10 Dec, 1861. Deserted 22 June, 1862. 

Young, Ira M. 21. Waltham, Mass. Machinist. 15 
May, 1861. Roxbury. — Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 31 March, 
1863. 



COMPANY K. 

AcKERMAN, Joseph L. 41. Ipswich, Mass. Painter. 9 

Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 2 Feb., 

1864. 
Angus, John. 25. Germany. Laborer. 14 July, 1862. 

South Boston. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Dec, 

1863. 
Backus, Marvin. 18. Great Barrington, Mass. Farmer. 

30 May, 1861. Lee.— Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, 

at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 19 Oct., 

1862. 
Bailey, George. 21. Tewksbury, Mass. Shoemaker. 23 

May, 1861. Tewksbury. — Discharged for disability, 19 

Jan., 1863. 

27 



418 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Baker, James S. 18. Dunbarton, N.H. Railway-worker. 
20 May, 1861. Billerica. — Dropped from the rolls, 17 
Nov., 1862. 

Bancroft, Norris. 21. Nelson, N.H. Laborer. 14 

, May, 1861. Chesterfield. — Discharged for disability, 8 
July, 1861. 

Barton, John F. 33. Randolph, Mass. Bootmaker. 8 
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Beach, Samuel S. 19. Bridgeport, Mass. Student. 29 
May, 1861. Canaan (?). — Corporal, 1 July, 1861, to 
15 April, 1862, when returned to the ranks at his own 
request. Detailed in quartermaster's department, June, 
1861. Detached as clerk at division headquarters, . . . 
Enlisted in regular service, and dropped, 8. March, 1864. 

Bishop, Milton. 20. Salisbury, Conn. Farmer. 29 
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Taken prisoner, 3 July, 1863, 
at Gettysburg; returned to duty, 29 Oct., 1863. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

BORTCHY, George. 39. Feichvaugen, Bavaria. Coach- 
maker. 25 May, 1861. Boston. — A cavalry soldier in 
Europe. Wounded in arm, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Moun- 
tain ; returned to duty. Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville. 

Brace, Charle's E. 22. Stockbridge, Mass. Farmer. 29 
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Wagoner, 1 July, 1861, to 
17 Dec, 1861; corporal, 15 April, 1862; sergeant, 1 
March, 1863, to T June, 1863. Wounded in groin, 3 May, 
1863, at Chancellorsville; transferred to Invalid Corps, 18 
July, 1863. 

Brown, Lewis. 19. Jefferson, . . . Seaman. 22 May, 
1861. South Maiden. — Detailed as company cook, 23 
June, 1861. Discharged for disability, 20 Aug., 1861. 

BuNNiNG, John F. 23. Holstein, Gei-many. Mason. 22 
May, 1861. Boston. — Killed in action, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville. 

BuRGHARDT, John H. 20. Stockbridge, Mass. Machinist. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 419 

29 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Detailed as regimental 
armorer, 16 June, 1861. Detached as brigade armorer, 6 
Aug., 1862, to 18 Oct., 1862 ; as division armorer, 21 May, 
1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Carey, Patrick. 22. Newtown, Ireland. Shoemaker. 20 
May, 1861. Holliston. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 
1 Sept., 1863. 
Carroll, John. 26. Cork, Ireland. Tanner. 29 May, 

1861. Otis. — Discharged 20 Oct., 1862. 
Carter, Peter. 33. Montreal, C.E, Farmer. 14 May, 
1861. Northampton. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 10 Oct., 1862 ; dis- 
charged in consequence of wounds, 17 Jan., 1863. 
Casey, Timothy. 23. Kerry, Ireland. Laborer. 20 May, 
1861. Wareham. — Corporal, 20 May, 1861, to 1 July, 
1861 ; and again, 15' April, 1862 ; sergeant, 1 June, 1863. 
Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam. Taken prisoner, 
3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; in parole camp, 28 May, 
1864. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Christensen, Hans G. 32. Copenhagen, Denmark. Piano- 
maker. 13 May, 1861. Boston. — A soldier in the Dan- 
ish service (color-bearer) in the war of 1848. Sergeant, 13 
May, 1861 ; color-sergeant, 28 June, 1861. Discharged 
for disability, 14 Oct., 1861. 
Clapp, Thomas. 42. Boston, Mass. Blacksmith. 30 
May, 1861. Ashlaud. — Detailed as company cook. May, 
1861. Discharged for disability, 9 Aug., 1861. 
Clark, Benjamin, 25. Northampton, Mass. Farmer. 
15 May, 1861. Northampton. — Corporal, 1 June, 1863. 
Term prolonged. On recruiting service in Boston Harbor^ 
in 1864. Mustered out July, 1865. 
Clark, Joseph C. 28. Northampton, Mass. Driver. 13 
May, 1861. Northampton. — Detached to division ord- 
nance dejjartment, 7 Nov., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Sec- 
ond Term. 
Clary, Daniel. 31. Kilfaune, Ireland. Shoemaker. 22 



420 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

May, 1861. West Randolph. — Corporal, 22 May, 1861; 
sergeant, 1 July, 1861; first sergeant, 15 April, 1862, to 
27 Oct., 1862, when returned to the ranks at his own re- 
quest ; sergeant again, 29 Nov., 1862. Taken prisoner, 
, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty . . . 
Wounded in chest, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned 
to duty, 18 Feb., 1864. Re-enlisted 18 Feb., 1864. — See 
Second Term. 

Clary, Ethan A. 27. Stockbridge, Mass. Machinist. 
29 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Corporal, 13 Feb., 1862, 
to 27 Sept., 1862. Wounded in hand, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancelloi'sville ; absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when 
mustered out. 

Cogswell, William. 26. Ipswich, Mass. Merchant. 8 
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Detailed as company cook, 1 Oct., 

1862, to 3 Oct., 1862; and again, . . . Discharged for 
disability, 28 April, 1863. 

Cole, Henry W. 19. Barre, Mass. Clerk. 14 May, 
1861. Northampton. — Corporal, 14 May, 1861 ; sergeant, 
1 July, 1861, to 10 Dec, 1861. Wounded in thigh, 25 
May, 1862, at Winchester; discharged in consequence, 4 
Oct., 1862. 

CoNLAN, James. 25. Dublin, Ireland. Laborer. 22 May, 
1861. Boston. — A soldier in the English service. Cor- 
poral, 22 May, 1861, to" 27 Nov., 1861. Killed in action, 
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Daily, Jeremiah. 21. Coi-k, Ireland. Machinist. 13 May, 
1861. Northampton. — Corporal, 1 July, 1861, to 10 Dec, 

1861. Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at Winchester; re- 
turned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Wounded in knee, 3 July, 

1863, at Gettysburg. Sent to hospital at Fort Schuyler, 
and died 31 Dec, 1863. 

Daly, Thomas. 28. Farbane, Ireland. Farmer. 29 
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Daniels, William. 20. Westport, N.Y. Butcher. 29 
May, 1861. Lee. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 421 

Delant, James. 24. Yorkshire, England. Clothier. 27 
May, 1861. Boston. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Devine, Thomas. 19. New-York City. Marble-cutter. 
22 May, 1861. Brookline. — Deserted 12 Sept., 1862. 

DiTSON, Minot S. 23. Dracut, Mass. Teamster. 14 Oct., 

1861. Lowell.— Corporal, 30 Jan., 1863. Wounded in 
leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 
10 Oct., 1862. Wounded in arm, 3 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg ; discharged in consequence, 7 Jan., 1864. 

Donovan, Timothy. 25. Kinsale, Ireland. Moulder. 16 
May, 1861. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 1862, at 
Winchester ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 1862. Absent in 
hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

DuNBRACH, George G. 38. Halifax, N.S. Carpenter. 
21 May, 1861. Roxbury. — Corporal, 21 May, 1861. 
Discharged for disability, 5 July, 1861. 

DuNNKLS, John M. 23. Ipswich, Mass. Tinsmith. 8 Aug., 

1862. Ipswich. — Detailed as company cook, 13 Dec, 

1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Elder, John. 28. Dundee, Scotland. Machinist. 14 
May, 1861. Haydenville. — Taken prisoner, 25 May, 

1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. 
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Ellsworth, Thomas F. 21. Ipswich, Mass. Clerk. 8 
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Corporal, 11 Oct., 1863. Wounded 
in ankle, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; not disabled. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Fay, Michael. 26. Mallay, Ireland. Laborer^ 23 May, 
1861. Boston. — Corporal, 26 Sept., 1862. Wounded in 
hand, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; returned to duty, . . 
Aug., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Fenner, George W. 22. Abington, Mass. Farmer. 29 
May, 1861. Lee. — Corporal, 13 Feb., 1862, to 1 June, 

1863. Wounded in hand (by bayonet), "9 Aug., 1862, at 
Cedar Mountain; dropped from the rolls, 31 Aug., 1863. 

Fletcher, James H 25 May, 1861. 



422 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Boston. — Assigned to company K, from post of quarter- 
master-sergeant, ... 1861 ; remained in hospital until dis- 
charged for disability, 23 May, 1862. 
Foster, Samuel P. 26. Ipswich, Mass. Farmer. 8 Aug., 

1862. Ipswich. — Wounded in arm, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

GiLLANEY, John. 19. Leitrim, Ireland. Tailor. 15 May, 

1861. Boston. — Detailed as company cook, 10 March, 

1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Hardy, Augustus W. 33. Medway, Mass. House-painter. 
25 May, 1861. Franklin. — Detailed as company cook, 
. . May, 1861. Transferred to Invalid Corps, 1 July, 
1863. 

Harris, George. 27. Ipswich, Mass. Farmer. 8 Aug., 

1862. Ipswich. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 
Haynes, Amasa. 35. Hopkinton, Mass. Shoemaker. 17 

May, 1861. Medford. — Dropped from the rolls, 20 Oct., 
1862. 

Hauboldt, William. 31. Chemnitz, Saxony. Clerk. 25 
May, 1861. Boston. — Wounded in six places, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain; died in consequence, . . Aug., 
1862, at Alexandria. 

Hayward, Albert. 19. St. John, N.B. Shoemaker. 28 
May, 1861. Newton. — Taken prisoner, 4 May, 1862, 
near Harrisonburg, Va. Deserted from hospital at Alex- 
andria, 30 Oct., 1862. 

HOYT, Edward J. 19. Brimfield, Mass. Farmer. 14 
May, 1861. Northampton. — Term prolonged. Dis- 
charged by order of War Department, 10 June, 1864. 

Jellison, John W. 21. Shapleigh, Me. Sawyer. 27 
May, 1861. Shajdeigh, Me. — Died of chronic diarrhoea, 
25 Nov., 1862, at Fliiladelphia. 

Jellison, Joseph R. 22. Sanford, Me. Shoemaker. 27 
May, 1861. Sanford, Me. — Detached to gunboat on the 
Mississippi, 18 Feb., 1862 ; dropped from the rolls, 5 Nov., 
1862. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 423 

Jewett, John J. 31. Ipswich, Mass. Merchant. 8 Aug., 
1862. Ipswich. — Wounded in breast, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg ; died in consequence, 5 July, 1863, at Gettys- 
burg. 

Johnson, Albert F. 18. Westminster, Mass. Chairmaker. 
20 May, 1861. Wounded, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; 
discharged in consequence, 26 March, 1862. 

Kimball, Daniel. 26. Newbury, Mass. Mechanic. 8 
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Knights, John. 19. Lyman, Me. Farmer. 28 May, 1861. 
Kenuebunk, Me. — Died of typhoid fever, 7 Feb., 1862, at 
Frederick, Md. 

Knox, Rufus. 32. Ipswich, Mass. Shoemaker. 8 Aug., 
1862. Ipswich. — Wounded in side, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg; transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Jan., 1864. 

Landrigan, James R. 19. Clonmel, Ireland. Moulder. 
15 May, 1861. Haydenville. — Discharged for disability 
(from accident), 14 Oct., 1861. 

Lane, Timothy C. 21. Manchester, N.H. Machinist. 23 
May, 1861. Manchester, N.H. — Enlisted in Third United- 
States Artillery, 16 Feb., 1863. 

Lawless, John. 31. Athboy, Ireland. Laborer. 30 May, 
1861. Stockbridge. — Discharged for disability, 9 Aug., 
1861. 

Le Baron, Charles. 26. Mobile, Ala. Painter. 17 May, 

1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 30 Sept., 
1861. 

Livingstone, Asher. 18. Canaan, Ct. Blacksmith. 30 

May, 1861. Lee. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 1862, at 

Cedar Mountain. 
Logan, William. 20. Galway, Ireland. Operative. 30 

May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Corporal, 27 Nov., 1861; 

sergeant, 15 April, 1862. Wounded in each leg, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain ; discharged in consequence, 
Nov., 1862. 

Lord, Caleb H. 20. Ipswich, Mass. Clerk. 8 Aug., 



424 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTEY. 

1862. Ipswich. — Corporal, 1 June, 1863; sergeant, 10 
Oct., 1863; first sergeant, 27 Nov., 1863. Re-enlisted. — 
See Second Term. 

Lord, Moses G. 42. Ipswich, Mass. Cabinet-maker. 8 
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 
8 Feb., 1864. 

Lord, Nathaniel. 44. Ipswich, Mass. Carpenter. 8 Aug., 
1862. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 9 March, 
1863. 

Lovr, Winthrop. 30. Ipswich, Mass. Shoemaker. 8 Aug., 
1862. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 22 Dec, 
1862. 

Lucy, Daniel. 33. Ireland. Laborer. 13 Aug., 1862. 
Ipswich. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864: 

Martin, Henry. 24. London, England. Steward. 22 
May, 1861. Boston. — Taken prisoner, 4 May, 1862, near 
Harrisonburg, Va. ; returned to parole camp ; discharged 
for disability, Sept., 1862. 

McCarthy, John. 20. Cork, Ireland. Laborer. 15 
May, 1861. East Boston. — Corporal, 27 Nov., 1861. 
Wounded in foot, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; re- 
turned to duty, 29 Nov., 1862. Died of bronchitis, 28 
Dec, 1862, at Frederick, Md. 

McDonald, John. 19. Lansiugburg, N.Y. Farmer. 29 
May, 1861. Lee. — Wounded in neck, 3 May, 1863, at 
Chancellorsville ; not disabled. Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

McDonald, William. 25. Dover, England. Paper- 
maker. 29 May, 1861. Lee. — Corporal, 14 Oct., 1861 ; 
sergeant, 27 Oct!, 1862, to 11 Oct., 1863. Wounded in 
hand, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 
14 Sept. Transferred to Invalid Corps, Jan., 1864. 

McIntosh, Augustus. 20. Brookline, N.H. Paper-maker. 
May, 1861. Ashburnham. — Detailed as company cook, 
in 1862. Corporal, 1 March, 1863. Re-enlisted. — See 
Second Term. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 425 

McMuLLEN, Michael. 23. Aghrim, Ireland. Laborer. 

11 July, 1861. Easton. — Wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, 

at Cedar Mountain, Wounded 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam ; 

never returned. Dropped from the rolls, in Aug., 1863. 
Miller, Jacob. 22. Baden, Germany. Baker. 17 July, 

1862. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 26 April, 

1863. 
Miner, Addison C. 18. Lee, Mass. Farmer. 29 May, 

1861. Lee. — Detailed as hospital attendant, 31 July, 1861, 
to 1862. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Mix, William T. 25. Fort Ann, N.Y. Machinist. 29 
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Sergeant, 29 May, 1861 ; first 
sergeant, 27 June, 1861. Died of typhoid fever, 22 Jan., 

1862, at Alexandria, Va. 

Montague, Benjamin F. 40. Leverett, Mass. Bootmaker. 

26 May, 1861. Ashland. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Morris, George. 19. Concord, Mass. Painter. 20 May, 

1861. Billerica. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
MuLLANEY, James. 31. Ballough, Ireland. Blacksmith. 

29 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Detailed as regimental 
blacksmith, 7 July, 1861, to 15 May, 1862; and 31 July, 

1862. Detached as brigade blacksmith, 18 Oct., 1862. 
Absent in hospital, 28 May, 1864, when mustered out. 

MuLLANEY, Michael. 21. Ballough, Ireland. Stone-cutter. 

29 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Died of consumption, 27 

Dec, 1861, ai Frederick, Md. 
MiJLLER, John F. 32. Crunitschau, Saxony. Weaver. 

27 May, 1861. Boston. — Re-enlisted. — See Second 
Term. 

MuNROE, John. 19. Boston, Mass. Farmer. 22 May, 
1861. Charlestown (Chelsea?). — Company musician, 22 
May, 1861. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Murray, Jeremiah. 21. Dover, N.H. Shoemaker. 13 
May, 1861. Salem. — Corporal, 1 July, 1861; color- 
corporal, 4 July, 1862. Taken prisoner at Cedar Moun- 



426 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY. 

tain ; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 18G2. Enlisted in Third 

United-States Artillery, 14 Feb., 1863. 
Nevelle, James. 31. St. John, N.B. Gasfitter. 20 

May, 1861. Boston. — Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, 

at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 7 Oct., 1862. 

Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; returned to 

duty, 9 Dec., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Nichols, William O. 26. Ipswich, Ma>s. Mechanic. 8 

Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 2 April, 

1863. 
O' Boyle, Patrick. 24. Mayo, Ireland. Laborer. 27 

May, 1861. Boston. — Discharged for disability, 4 June, 

1862. 
Pease, Franklin C. 18. Halifax, Mass. Laborer. 13 

May, 1861. Northampton. — Transferred to Invalid Corps, 

1 Aug., 1863. 
Peeler, Albert S. 21. Springfield, Mass. Farmer. 15 

May, 1861. Brattleboro', Vt. — Wounded in hand, 3 May, 

1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned to duty, 6 Nov., 1863. 

Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Peeler, David L. 24. Vernon, Vt. Farmer. 14 May, 

1861. Brattleboro', Vt. — Corporal, 11 Oct., 1863. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Perkins, Lafayette. 20. Manchester, N.H. Farmer. 25 
May, 1861. Northampton. — Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 

1862, at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 23 Oct., 

1862. Wounded in thigh, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; 
returned to duty, 19 Oct., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See 
Second Term. 

Petersen, Hans P. 41. Copenhagen, Denmark. Book- 
keeper. 13 May, 1861. Boston. — A soldier in the 
Danish service in the war of 1848. First sergeant, 13 
May, 1861, to 27 June, 1861. Detached as clerk in 
brigade commissary department, 23 July, 1861, to . . July, 

1863. Detailed as regimental armorer, 28 July, 1863. 
Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 427 

PiiTPPS, Rufus G. 24. Framingham, Mass. Clerk. 27 
May, 1861. Framingham. — Sergeant, May, 1861, to 

29 Dec, 1861. Detailed as company clerk, 15 Jan., 1862. 
Detached as clerk at General Hospital, 1 June, 1862, to 19 
June, 1862. Detached as clei'k at division headquai'ters, 

30 July, 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
PiCKARD, David. 43. Rowley, Mass. Teamster. 8 Aug., 

1862. Ipswich. — Detailed as company cook, 1 Oct., 

1862. Wounded in leg, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg; dis- 
cliarged in consequence, January, 1864. 

Pouter, George E. 28. Bridgeport, Conn. Merchandise- 
broker. 15 May, 1861. Boston. — Sergeant, 15 May, 

1861, to 1 July, 1861. Wounded slightly in leg, 3 May, 

1863, at Chancellorsville. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Pratt, John A. 40. Portland, Me. Dyer. 11 Aug., 

1862. Winooski, Vt. — Transferred to Company K, from 
Company H, 24 Oct., 1862. Company musician. Re- 
enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Radell, William. 19. Stockbridge, Mass. Scholar. 29 
May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Enlisted as company musi- 
cian, 29 May, 1861. Detailed as adjutant's orderly, . . 
Sept., 1861; as regimental clerk, 12 May, 1862. Mus- 
tered out 28 May, 1864. 

Rathburx, Joseph C. 29. Stockbridge, Mass. Carpenter. 
29 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Corporal, 29 May, 1861 ; 
sergeant, 1 Feb., 1862, to 25 Sept., 1862. Killed in action, 
3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 

Rivers, Lewis. 24. East Philipsburg, C.E. Shoemaker. 
23 May, 1861. West Boylston. — Corporal, 1 July, 1861, 
to 27 Nov., 1861; and again,. . Nov., 1862; color-cor- 
poral. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Robert, Leon. 25. Montreal, C.E. Teacher. 25 May, 
1861. Montreal, C.E. — Discharged for disability, 17 
Oct., 1861. 

Roberts, John R. 24. Sheldon, Vt. Farmer. 25 May, 
1861. East Boylston. — Detached as pioneer to First 



428 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Division, 6 April, 1862, to 5 Aug., 1862. Killed in action, 
9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Robertson, John H. 28. Batavia, N.Y. Moulder. 27 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Deserted 30 Aug., 1863. 

Robinson, Delano. 20. Union, Me. Shoemaker. 25 
May, 1861. Lynn. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Sanborn, Wheelock. 19. Bethleliem, N.H. Mechanic. 
18 May, 1861. Manchester, N.H. — Wounded in both 
legs, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned to duty, 
4 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Sanger, Egbert. 25. Barrington, Mass. Paper-maker. 
29 May, 1861. Lee. — Detailed as company cook, 3 Oct., 
1862. Detailed to division ambulance corps, 29 Oct., 
1862. Detached as hospital attendant in Washington, 2 
June, 1863. Discharged . . Jan., 1864. 

Saxton, Orin D. 23. Stamford, Vt. Farmer. 15 May, 

1861. Eastliarapton. — Discharged for disability, 24 April, 
1862. 

ScHAEFFER, Frederick. 27. Ilsfesdlt, Germany. Baker. 
27 May, 1861. Chelsea. — Detailed bugler, . . Oct., 1861. 
Wounded in knee, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; dis- 
charged in consequence, 2 Oct., 1862. 

Skinner, Charles M. 28. Royalston, Vt. Weaver. 14 
Oct., 1861. Lowell. — Wounded in shoulder, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain; returned to duty, 14 Aug., 1862. 
Taken prisoner, 25 July, 1863, near White Plains, Va. ; 
mustered out at parole camp, 14 Oct., 1864. 

Snook, John F. 21. Mallow, Ireland. Shoemaker. 24 
May, 1861. North Abiugton. — Re-enlisted. — ^ee Sec- 
ond Term. 

Springer, William A. 43. Robbinston, Me. Lumber- 
man. 22 May, 1861. Campton, N.H. — Taken prisoner, 
25 May, 1862, at Winchester; returned to duty, 25 Oct., 

1862. Taken prisoner, 2 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; 
returned to duty, 12 Oct., 1863. Re-enlisted. — See 
Second Term. 



THE ENLISTED MEN. 429 

Standish, Miles. 28. Foxboro', Mass. Shoemaker. 25 
May, 18G1. Bridgewater. — Taken prisoner, 14 Aug.. 
18G2; dropped from the rolls, 17 Oct., 18G2; returned; 
term prolonged ; mustered out 20 July, 1865. 

Stkvens, William. 44. Calais, Me. Baker. 8 Aug., 
18G2. Ipswich. — Discharged for disability, 22 June, 
18G3. 

Stockbridge, Lebbeus. 35. Hanover, Mass. Farmer. 
25 May, 1861. Hanover. — Appointed master wagoner, 
3 July, 1861. Appointed quartermaster-sergeant, 2 Dec, 
1862, which position he held until 1 April, 1863, while 
absent sick. Discharged for disability, 27 Jan., 1864. 

SuLUVAN, Timothy. 19. Chelsea, Mass. Shoemaker. 22 
May, 1861. Ashland. — Enlisted in United-States Artil- 
lery, 8 Nov., 1862. 

Tenney, Albert; 21. Ipswich, Mass. Farmer. 8 Aug., 
1862. Ipswich. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

TozER, William H. 27. Ipswich, Mass.* Shoemaker. 8 
Aug., 1862. Ipswich. — Corporal, 21 Nov., 1862; ser- 
geant, 27 Nov., 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

TuLLY, Prescott W. 27. Billerica, INIass. Farmer. 17 
May, 1861. Lowell. — Detailed wagoner, 5 July, 1861. 
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Tye, James. 19. Tewksbury, Mass. Laborer. 24 May, 
1861. Tewksbury. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Vail, John. 19. Tipperary, Ireland. Printer. 14 May, 

1861. Hadley. — Corporal, 14 May, 1861, to 16 June, 

1862, when returned to the ranks at his own request. 
Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; re- 
turned to duty, 23 Oct., 1862. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Vance, Lorin A. 18. Groton, Vt. Farmer. October, 
1861. Lowell. — Wounded in hand, 17 Sept., 1862, at 
Antietam ; returned to duty, 4 Oct., 1862. Re-enlisted. — 
See Second Term. 

VoLL, Andrew. 30. Volkershausen, Saxony. Brass-fin- 



430 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

isher. 25 May, 1861. Boston. — A soldier in the service 
of Saxony for five years, — a corporal ; wounded in the 
war of 1848 ; also in the English service a year and a half, 
in the German legion sent to the Crimea. Corporal, 1 
Aug., 1861 ; sergeant, 25 Sept., 1862. Re-enlisted. — See 
Second Term. 

Wade, David L. 41. Ipswich, Mass. Carpenter. 8 Aug., 
1862. Ipswich. — Wounded, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; 
died in consequence, 26 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. 

Watson, Thomas. 35. Paisley, Scotland. Machinist. 23 
May, 1861. West Boylston. — Killed in action, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain. 

Webber, George H. 19. Chicopee, Mass. Farmer. 15 
May, 1861. Chicopee. — Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Webber, Moses. 32. Shapleigh, Me. Bootmaker. 8 Aug., 

1862. Ipswich. — Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 
Weber, Frederick. 22. Baden, Germany. Baker. -17 

July, 1862. Boston, — Detailed as company cook, Nov., 

1863. Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

Welch, Thomas. 20. Southboro', Mass. Operative. 18 
May, 1861. Manchester. — Wounded in breast, 3 May, 
1863, at Cliancellorsville ; returned to duty, 30 July, 1863. 
Re-enlisted. — See Second Term. 

White, William L. 26. North Adams, Mass. Paper- 
maker. 29 May, 1861. South Lee. — Corporal, 29 May, 
1861; sergeant, 14 Oct., 1861; first sergeant, 27 Oct, 
1862. Wounded in arm, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; 
transferred to Invalid Corps, 15 Nov., 1863. 

Whitehead, Benjamin. 19. Barrington, Mass. Painter. 
19 May, 1861. Stockbridge. — Discharged for disability, 
3 Feb., 1862. 

Wilson, Alexander C. 25. Lee, Mass. Laborer. 29 
May, 1861. Lee. — Wounded in chest, 17 Sept., 1862, at 
Antietam ; discharged in consequence, 6 March, 1863. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TEllM. 431 



THE MEN OF THE SECOND TERM OF 
SERVICE.i 



COMPANY A. 



VETERANS. 



DcNNELL, Charles S. — Company musician. Absent sick, at 
Worcester, Mass., 27 July, 1865, when mustered out. 

Harlow, Edwin. — Transferred, 1 July, 1864, to E, which 
see. 

1 It will be understood that the following list does not include the names 
of all men who were in service during the time covered by the second term, 
which began 1 Jan., 1864, and, of course, not all casualties. The term of 
the men uot re-enlisting, who entered the service in 1861, continued to 
28 May, 1864; and that of some of those who enlisted in 1862 continued for 
three full years, and of course into the year 1865. Those who enlisted in the 
autumn of 1861 were held onl^' to the conclusion of the regular term ending 
in May, 1864. Those who enlisted in 1862, prior to the date of a despatch of 
the Secretary of War in the summer, were held for three full years, notwith- 
standing thej' enlisted on an agreement with the mustering officer that they 
were to serve onh' until the expiration of the regular term. The Government, 
in 1864, repudiated the contract of its own officers. In the summer of 1862, 
Governor Andrew, to assure all enlisting men, communicated with the War 
Department, and received a reply from the Secretary of War, agreeing to 
this plan. But when the time came to muster out, in 1864, it was diffi- 
cult to convince the War Department of such an agreement. When it was 
convinced, it insisted that the agreement was not a general one, covering the 
enlistments taking place at that time, although its officers had so pledged; 
but could operate only on those enlisted subsequently to that date. Hence 
the list of men in the tirst term of service includes quite a number who con- 
tinued on in the period of the second tenn, and made the regiment larger 
than this list would cause it to appear. When no date of muster-out is 
given, " 26 July, 1865," is to be understood. 



432 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INTANTRY. 

Hastings, Charles. — Sergeant, 1 July, 1864 ; first sergeant, 
1 July, I860. Appointed second lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, 
but not mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers. Mus- 
tered out 26 July, 1865. 

McAlpine, William T. — Sergeant. Detached on recruiting 
service, 13 April, 1864. First lieutenant, 24 May, 1864. 
— See Commissioned Officers. 

Miles, William H. — Sergeant; sergeant-major, 15 July, 
1864; first lieutenant, 15 April, 1865. — See Commis- 
sioned Officers. 

Pendergast, Richard. — First sergeant. — Wounded in 
arm, 20 Dec, 1864, in S.C. First lieutenant, to date from 
23 Oct., 1864. — See Comynissioned Officers. 

Tripp, James E. — Deserted 22 Feb., 1864. 

Wilson, Foster. — Corporal, 1 July, 1864; sergeant, 1 Oct., 
1864. Mustered out 26 July, 1865. 

recruits. 

AcKLET, George W. 31. East Machias, Me. Seaman. 
28 May, 1864. East Machias, INle. — Lanesboro' ^ — Sick 
in hospital, Nashville, Tenn. No further record. 

Babcock, Frederick. 22. Schenectady, N.Y. Cigar- 
maker, 1 June, 1864. Schenectady, N.Y. — Tewksbury. — 
Deserted 5 July, 1864. 

Bartsh, P^mil. 22. Germany. Mei'chant. 24 June, 1864. 
Nevr York. — Dudley. — Discharged for disability, at Wor- 
cester, 25 May, IS^S. 

Beal, Edward. 20. Jonesport, Me. Seaman. 11 June, 
1864. Jonesport, Me. — Westminster. — Sick in hospital, 
at Worcester, Mass. No further record. 

Berry, Charles 0. 20. Pittsfield, Mass. Machinist. 8 

1 The same order of items is observed as noted on page 298, with the 
addition of the name of town or city to whose quota the man was assigned. 
Thus, after " East Machias, Me.," which denotes the residence, is "Lanes- 
boro'," which denotes the town on whose quota Ackley enlisted. 



THE ENLISTED MEN — SECOND TERM. 433 

Jane, 1864. Pittsfield. — Salisbury. — Corporal, 27 Dec. 
18 04. Taken prisoner in the Nortli-Carolina campaiga* 
No further record. 

BiKR:\rAN, Ludwig. 30. Germany. Farmer. 6 July, 
18G4. New York. — Chelsea. — Deserted 15 Aug., 18G4. 

BocHMER, Frederick. 23. ' Germany. Druggist. 10 May, 
1864. New York. — Chelsea. — Taken prisoner in the 
North-Carolina campaign. No further record. 

BoiiRDT, Albert. 19. Germany. Shopkeeper. 27 June, 
1864. Boston. — Holyoke. — Clerk at brigade head- 
quarters, at Washington, D.C. Mustered out. 

Bryax, Henry. 26. Germany- Soldier. 29 July, 1864. 
Boston. — Shrewsbury. — Mustered out 26 July, 1865. 

Caset, John. 23. Tipperary, Ireland. Moulder. 1 June, 
1864. Jersey City, N.J. — Tewksbury. — Deserted 16 
July, 1864. 

CoETiiEN, Arthur. 19. Prussia. Clerk. 6 May, 1864. 
Chelsea. — Chelsea. — Corporal, 27 Dec, 1864. Wounded, 
22 July, 1864, in front of Atlanta. Wounded in thigh, 
severely, 16 March, 1865, at Averysborough. In hospital 
at Worcester, 26 June, 1865, when discharged for dis- 
ability. 

Collins, Richard. 31. Ireland. Sailor. 7 June, 1864. 
Boston. — Northampton. — Deserted 16 Sept., 1864. 

Erhart, Emil. 25. Bavaria. Clerk. 18 July, 1864. 
Bavaria. — Amesbury. No further record. 

Force, Silas. 23 28 Nov., 1864. Medway. 

— Medway. — Mustered out 26 July, 1865. 

IlALriN, Thomas. 20 5 May, 1864. Bos- 
ton. — Stockbridge. — Discharged for disability, 15 May, 
1865. 

IIanlev (Iladley ?). 25. Ireland. Soldier. 7 June, 1864. 
New York. — Northampton. — Deserted 16 Sept., 1864. 

Harris, Benjamin F. 19 11 Jan., 1865. 

Lowell. — Lowell. — Mustered out 26 July, 1865. 

Hauo, John. 20. Germany. Laborer. 18 June, 1864. 

2S 



434 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

New York. — IIolyo]>e. — Taken prisoner in the North- 

Cai'olina campaign. No further record. 
Hayward, James A. 18. Boston. Clerk. 25 April, 

1864. Campello. — Boston. — Corporal, 25 June, 18G5. 

Mustered out 26 July, 1865. 
Hayward, William — ... — 

Deserted 4 April, 1865. 
Holland, Charles. 19. New York. Spinner. 22 July, 

1864. . . . R.I. — Chelsea. —Mustered out. 
HoMNAUG (Horning, ^rf/'.-Cen.), Frederick. 21. Prussia. 

Clerk. 30 June, 1864. Prussia. — Holyoke. — Deserted 

8 Aug., 1864. 
Howard, William. 26. England. Laborer. 8 June, 

1864. Albany, N.Y. — Boylston. — Taken prisoner in the 

North-Carolina campaign. Discharged, 12 June, 1865, 

by order of War Department. 
Johnson, William. 35. Sweden. Seaman. 29 June, 

1864. Cincinnati, Ohio. — Lee. — No further record. 
Kerner, Christopher. 21. ... Locksmith. 17 Aug., 

1864. Boston. — West Springfield. — Disharged 29 June, 

1865. 
Kineman, Charles. 23. Germany. Clerk. 30 June, 

1864. New York. — Roxbury. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864. 
Klein, Carlos. 20. Germany. Baker. 20 June, 1864. 

New York. — Shelburne. — No further record. 
Kolbb, Francis. 30. Switzerland. Waiter. 30 June, 

1864. New York. — Roxbury. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864. 
Kratt, Joseph. 25., Wurtemberg. Tailor. 14 July, 1864. 

New York. — Welltleet. — No further record. 
KuNZ, Ferdinand. 25. ... Merchant. 20 Dec, 1864. 

Philadelphia, Penn. — New Marlboro'. — Mustered out. 
Lorenz, Franz. 33. . . . Soldier. 16 Aug., 1864. 

Boston. — Chelsea. — Prisoner, 12 Feb., 1865, to March, 

1865. Mustered out 26 July, 1865. 

Maiiony, Timothy — ... 

— Joined for duty, 8 Jan., 1865. Mustered out. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 435 

McLaughlin, Michael S. M 

— ... — Deserted . . . 

McMee, Alexander. 25. Nova Scotia. Blacksmith. 13 
June, 18G4. Ireland. — Dudley. — Died in hospital, 17 
Aug., 18G4. 

Miller, John. 20. Switzerland. Laborer. 18 June, 
1864. Erie, Penn. — Chelsea. — Deserted 1 8 Sept., 18G4. 

Moore, John. 23. Jefferson ville, Ind. Farmer. 13 July, 
1864. New York. — WellHeet. — Mustered out. 

MoRO, Joseph. 23. Corsica. Soldier. 6 May, 1864. 
Corsica. — Chelsea. — "Honorably mentioned," 30 July, 
18G4. Wounded in leg, IG March, 1865, at Averysborough. 
In hospital at Worcester, 30 May, 1865, when discharged 
for disability. 

Neville, Patrick. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 11 June, 1864. 
Brooklyn, N.Y. — Chelsea. — Deserted 17 Sept., 1864. 

Nichols, Thomas H. 18. Nova Scotia. Farmer. 5 
May, 1864. Elgin, C.E. — Chesterfield. — Mustered out. 

PEnjiOLLKR, Richard. 22. Germany. Clerk. 22 July, 
1864. Boston.— . . . —Deserted 15 Aug., 1864. 

Rand, David C. 37. Salem, Mass. Gas-manufacturer. 
26 Feb., 1864. Lowell. — Lowell. — In hospital, 26 July, 
186."), when mustered out. 

Schmidt, Joseph. 20. Germany. Clerk. 11 July, 1864. 
. . . — Salisbury, — Deserted 7 June, 1865. 

ScHMiDTGREELER (Schnudguedef, {Adj.-Ge)i.), John. 24 
. . . Butcher. 14 Sept., 18G4. Boston. — Lowell.— 
Taken prisoner; was wounded, March, 1865 (leg ampu- 
tated), in attempting to escape from prison at Florence, 
S.C. ; discliarged for disabihty, 25 May, 1866 (1865?). 

ScHDLER, Frederick. 25. ... IMumber. 17 Aug., 1864. 
Boston. — West Springfield. — Deserted 17 June, 1865. 

ScHL'LTZ, Edmund. 29. Germany. Tinsmith. 7 IMay, 
1864. Boston. — Chelsea. — Sick in hospital at Nash- 
ville. No further record. 

Seiteller, Richard. 26. ... Clerk. 1 Nov., 1864. 
Boston. — Chicopee. — Mustered out 26 July, 1865. 



436 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Sherwood, Charles. 21. Canada. Boatman. 2 June, 

18G4. Canada West. — Southbridge. — Deserted 5 July, 

18G4. 
SiEGRiST, John. 22. Germany. Carpenter. 25 June, 

1864. Boston. — Royalston. — Mustered out. 
Smith, Henry. 28. Germany. Hatter. 80 June, 1864. 

. . . — Holyoke. — Wounded in leg, 16 March, 1865, at 

Averysborough ; discharged in consequence, 30 May, 1865. 
Smith, James. 20. ... Laborer. 11 June, 1864. 

Brooklyn, N.Y. — Chelsea. — No further record. 
Solomon, Maurice. 36. Poland. Machinist. 11 May, 

1864. New York. — Stockbridge.— Corporal, 27 Aug., 

1864. Sergeant, 27 Dec, 1864. Mustered out. 
SoMMERS, Henry. 20. Germany. Clerk. 10 Aug., 1864. 

Philadelphia, Penn. — Lowell. — Deserted . . . 
Speiser, Henry. 21. Germany. Tinsmith. 8 June, 1864. 

Boston. — Northampton. — No further record. 
Stowe, Henry A. 26. Nova Scotia. Car-maker. 23 

May, 1864. P.E. Island. — Maiden. — In hospital, 1 June, 

1865, when discharged. 

Thompson, William. 21. Ireland. Steward. 5 July, 

1864. Jersey City, N.J. — Chelsea. — Deserted 8 Aug., 

1864. 
Warren, Michael. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 30 June, 

1864. Rondout, N.Y. — Holyoke. — Deserted 2 Dec, 

1864. 
Weber, John. 39. Germany. Seaman. 25 June, 1864. 

Boston. — Royalston. — Claimed by One Hundred and 

Nineteenth New York, 11 Sept., 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 437 



COMPANY B. 



VETERANS. 



BowLEY, Leander G. — Sergeant. — Appointed first ser- 
geant, 1 July, 18G4:; second lieutenant, 3 July, 18Go, but 
not mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers. Mustered 
out. 

Clark, William AV. — Transferred, on re-enlisting to K, 
which see. 

Cresson, James F. — Mustered out. 

Gould, John. — Wounded in arm, severely, 22 June, 1864, 
at Kenesaw, and sent to General Hospital ; discharged in 
consequence, 24 May, 1865. 

Green, William R. — Mustered out. 

HoRGAN, Michael. — Deserted 22 Feb., 1864. 

Johnson, Thomas. — Color-corporal. — Sergeant, 2 June, 
1864, and color-sergeant to 25 June, 1865. Deserted 26 
June, 1865. 

Neavman, Charles H. — Transferred to C, which see. 

Petersen, Andrew S. — Wounded in elbow, severely, 16 
March, 1865, at Averysborough. Absent in hospital, 26 
July, 1865, when mustered out. 

Reardon, Daniel. — Was mustered out 28 May, 1864, but 
re-enlisted, 9 Sept., 1864, in the same company. — Corporal, 
1 Feb., 1865, to . . . 1865; again, 5 June, 1865, "for 
universal good conduct." Mustered out 9 June, 1865. 

Smith, Reuben. — Corporal, 1 July, 1864; sergeant, 10 Sept., 
1864. Wounded in arm, sevei'ely, 16 March, 1865, at 
Averysborough ; in hospital, 20 July, 1865, when mustered 
out. 

Taylor, George L. (John?). — Detailed to ambulance corps. 
No further record. 



438 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



RECRUITS. • 

Alexander, JoIid. 24. . . . Laborer. 28 June, 18G4. 

Canada. — Holyoke. — Sick in hospital at Nashville ; no 

further record. 
Alla, Christian, 24. Germany. Farmer. 14 July, 18G4. 

Thompsonville, Ct. — Roxbury. — Mustered out. 
Bartlett, "Wesley L. 18. Windsor, Mass. Laborer. 21 

Dec, 1863. Middlefield. — IMiddlefield. — Mustered out. 
Billings, Thomas E. 18. Lynnfield, Mass. Farmer. 9 

Dec, 1863. Lunenburg. — Leominster. — Transferred, 

3 March, 1864, to D, which see. 
Bliss, George. 19. Seymour, Ct. Farmer. 21 Dec, 

1863. Middlefield. — Middlefield. — Mustered out. 
BoRRis, Thomas. 25. Ireland. Laborer. 14 May, 1864. 

Boston. — Dorchester. — In penitentiary at Nashville, when 

the regiment was mustered out. 
Brown, Lebricht. 22. ... Soldier. 14 July, 1864. New 

York. — Douglas. — Mustered out. 
Brdns, Wilhelm. 22. Germany. Clerk. 1 Aug., 1864. 

Boston. — Plymouth. — Prisoner, 27 Nov., 1864, to 27 

April, 1865. Mustered out. 
Burton, Abraham. 36. . . . Joiner. 1 Nov., 1864* 

Boston. — Roxbury. — Mustered out. 
Butler, Henry C. 20, Boston, Mass. Laborer. 31 

May, 1864. Boston. — Winchendon. — Deserted 18 Aug., 

1864. 
Callahan, John. 24. Boston, Mass. Laborer, 8 July, 

1864. Boston. — Templeton. — Mustered out. 
Carroll, Patrick. 21. ... Cooper. 11 Aug., 1864. 

Jersey City, N.J. — Lowell. — In hospital when the regi- 
ment was mustered out. 
Collins, George. 33, Colchester, Vt. Cabinet-maker. 31 
March, 1864. Colchester, Vt. — Brookline. — Died of 
disease, 26 March, 1865, at Goldsborough, N.C. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 439 

Dk Fornkv (De Ferong, Adj.- Gen.), Edward M. 28. Aus- 
tria. Architect. 5 July, 18G4. Hungary. — Lynn. — 
Corporal, 10 Sept., 18G4. Deserted 23 Nov., 1864. 

Dietrich, Julius. 31. Prussia. Surgeon. 29 June, 
18G4. Prussia. — Burre. — Died of disease, 31 Aug., 
18G4, in division hospital. 

DuNKiN, George. 39. Canada. Farmer. 1 July, 1864. 
Carlo (Cairo?), N.Y. — South Dan vers. — Died of dis- 
ease, 15 Sept., 1864, at Atlanta. 

Fagan, George. 18. Cambridge, Mass. Porter. 19 
Feb., 1864. Boston. — Dedham. — Deserted 26 June, 
1865. 

FuNEY, E . . . . D. — Appears, by monthly report, as having 
joined ; but no further record. 

GuEGG, Thomas. 37. ... Boatman. 23 Dec, 1864. 
Oswego, N.Y. — Shelburne. — Deserted 26 June, 1865. 

Hanson, Randolph. 22. Germany. Carpenter. 28 July, 
1864. Prussia. — Winchendon. — Deserted 17 Jan., 1865. 

Heany, James. 44. Ireland. Farmer. 1 June, 1864. 
Newberg, N.Y. — Kingston. — Died on the march, 15 
Feb., 1865. 

IIoLLiNGSWORTii, Alexander A. J. 21. West Indies. 
Clerk. 28 April, 1864. New Jersey. — Roxbury. — 
Sent to hospital, 12 Sept., 1864, and there mustered out, 
7 July, 1865. 

Houghton, Josiah S. 18. Chelsea, Mass. Farmer. 9 
Dec, 1863. Leominster. — Leominstei'. — Transferred, 
3 March, 1864, to D, which see. 

Kamm, John. 26. ... Baker. 12 July, 1864. Ger- 
many. — Wellfleet. — Deserted 26 Nov., 1864. 

Lynch, Richard. 19. Utica, N.Y. Driver. 23 June, 

1864. Utica, N.Y. — Leicester. — In hospital, 26 July, 

1865, when mustered out. 

Madden, Daniel H. 21. Fall River, Mass. Soldier. 14 
June, 1864. Fall River. — Chelsea. — Deserted 2o June, 
1865. 



440 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Marx, Peter. 40. Germany. Tailor. 12 Aug., 18G4. 

Boston. — Westminster. — Deserted 23 Sept., 1864. 
McCakthy, James. 24. ... Laborer. 26 Jan., 18G5, 

Boston. — Charlestown. — Mustered out. 
Miller, Henry. 35. Prussia. Soldier. 18 July, 1864. 

Brunswick, N.J. — Wellfleet. — Mustered out. 
Myers (Meyers?), Jolm. 21. Albany, N.Y. Coppersmith. 

11 June, 1864. New York. — Boston. — Deserted 21 

Aug., 1864. 
NiTZ, William. 20. Germany. Blacksmith. 25 June, 

1864. Prussia. — Royalston. — Killed in action, 16 March, 

1865, at Averysborough. 

O'Neill, John. 23. Nova Scotia. No occupation. 9 

June, 1864. St. John's, N.B. — Chelsea. — Deserted 1 

Aug., 1864. 
Peterson, John. 21. ... Silver-plater. 23 June, 1864. 

Hartfoi'd, Ct. — Harvard. — Transferred, Aug., 1864, to 

Thirty-third Massachusetts. 
Reardon, Thomas. 33. ... Laborer. 12 Nov., 1864. 

Boston. — Dorchester. — Mustered out. 
KiLEY, Thomas. 21. England. Shoemaker. 14 June, 

1864. — Fall River. — Northampton. Deserted 21 Aug., 

1864. 
Roberts, Thomas. 20. England. Carpenter. 7 July, 

1864. New York. — Chelsea. — Deserted 13 Aug., 1864. 
RoBBiNS, Charles W. 19. Middlefield, Mass. Farmer. 

31 Dec, 1863. Pitt>field. — Middlefield. — Died at Louis- 
ville, Ky., on the way to the regiment. 
RoBBiNS, George R. 18. Middlefield, Mass. Farmer. 

31 Dec, 1863. Pittsfield. — Middlefield. — Corporal, 10 

Aug., 1864. Mustered out. 
Robinson, John. 21. Albany, N.Y. Farmer. 19 May, 

1864. Boston. — Sutton. — Deserted 15 July, 1864. 
Ryan, John. 20. Patterson, N..J. Machinist. 6 June, 

1864. Patterson, N.J. — Northampton. — Deserted 18 

Jan., 1865. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 441 

Smith, Fiiaxk (" true namo, Peter IMillen "). 23. . . . 

Clerk. 27 July, 18G4. — r)0?ton. — Winchendon. — Died 

of disease, 19 Nov., 1864, at Chattanooga. 
Smith, Henry. 21. Ireland. Baker. 8 June, 18G4. 

New York. — Northampton. — Corporal, 1 Sept., 18G4, to 

13 Nov., 1864. Mustered out. 

Smith, James. 28. New York. Blacksmith. 10 ISIay, 
1864. Patterson, N.J. — Chelsea. — Wounded in thigh 
(leg amputated), 16 March, 1865, at Averysborough ; in 
hospital, 26 July, 1865, when mustered out. 

Smith (Smidt, Adj. -Gen.), John. 20. Ireland. Farmer. 
2 June, 1864. Quebec, C.E. — Southbridge. — Deserted 
15 July, 1864. 

Smith, Jolm. 19. ... Caulker. 17 June, 1864, Can- 
ada. — Princeton. — No further record. 

Sullivan, Florence. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 29 June, 
1864. — New York. — Barre. — Sent to hospital, 13 Sept., 
1864. In hospital at Evansville, Ind., when mustered out. 

Sylvia, John. 30. Italy. Sailor. 16 Dec, 1863. Italy. 
— Brookline. — Discharged; no date given. 

TwEV, .1 . . . D. — Joined, as by monthly report, but no 
further record. 

Van Meter, Charles E. 22. Frankfoi-t, Ky. Student. 

14 May, 1864. Staten Island, N.Y.— South Hadley.— 
Deserted 4 Nov., 1864. 

Wilkinson, Benjamin A. 18. ... Farmer. 25 April, 
1864. Sharon. — Boston. — ^Mustered out. 

AViLLiAMS, David. 21. London, Eng. Sawyer. 7 July, 
1864. Philadeliihia, Penu. — AVinchendon. — Deserted 17 
Auir., 1864. 



442 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

COMPANY C. 
VETERANS. 

Aborn, Sylvester p. — Wounded in leg, 15 May, 18G4, at 
Resaca, and died in consequence, 25 May. Buried at 
Chattanooga. 

Bailey, Edwin A. — INIustered out, 

BuRNHAM, Amos P. — Corporal. — Mustered out. 

Casey, David. — Sergeant. — Commissary -sergeant, 1 July, 

1864, "for long and meritorious services." — See Non-com- 
missioned Staff. 

Clooney, John J. — Company musician. — Deserted 22 
Feb., 1864. Afterwards enlisted elsewhere. 

Duffy, James. — Mustered out. 

Edwards, Charles W. — Sergeant. — First sergeant, 5 June, 
1865 ; second lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, but not mustered in. 

— See Commissioned Offcers. Mustered out. 
GiLDAY, Edward. — Mustered out. 

Gould, Benjamin F. — Wagoner in January, 1865. — Mus- 
tered out. 

Hennesy, David. — Mustered out. 

JuNKHE, Charles. — Corporal, 2 June, 1864. — Mustered 
out. 

Kendall, Webster A. — Transferred from F, on re-enlisting. 

— Mustered out. 

Kneeland, Josiah M. — Mustered out. 

Larry, Daniel. — Deserted 11 Nov., 1864. 

Magee, William. — Mustered out. 

Maguire, James. — Coi-poral. — Sergeant, 2 June, 1864. 

Mustered out. 
Maynard, William W. — Mustered out. 
McCarthy, John. — Corporal, 15 July, 1864, to 22 June,, 

1865. Mustered out. 

Moore, William A. — Mustered out. 

Morgan, William F. — Sergeant. — Mustered out. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERIM. 443 

MuRUAY, James M. — Corporal, 2 June, 1864. — Wounded 
in wrist, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca. Killed in action, 16 
March, 1865, at Averysborough. 
-Newman, Charles H. — Transfen-ed to C from 15. — Killed 
in action, 16 March, 1865, at Averysborough. 

Oliver, John H. — Mustered out. 

Peabody, David. — Deserted 22 Feb., 1864.' 

PiKRCE, John B. — Mustered out. 

Prescott, James M. — Transferred from D, on re-enlisting. 

— Mustered out. 

Regan, John. — Discharged for disability, 30 .June, 1865. 
RoAVE, John M. — Corporal. — Wounded, 15 May, 1864, at 

Resaca, and died in consequence, 5 June. Buried at Chat- 
tanooga. 
Shea, John J. — Corporal, 5 June, 1865. — Deserted 3 July, 

1865. 
Stewart, John. — Hospital attendant, January, 1865. ]\Ius- 

tered out. 
Strafford, James M. — First sergeant to 5 June, 1865, 

when made sergeant in absence. Discharged, in hospital, 

26 June, 1865. 
Texney, Albert. — Transferred from K, on re-enlisting. — 

Wounded in breast, 20 July, 1864, at Peach-tree Creek. 

Mustered out. 
Wallace, Thomas (D. ?). — Hospital attendant, Jan., 1865. 

— Discharged for disability, 30 June, 1865. 



RECRUITS. 

Anderson, James. 25. England. Soldier."^ 1 July, 1864. 

England. — Barre. — Deserted 13 Aug., 1864. 
Dinsdale, George. 32. Enghmd. Soldier. 29 June, 

1864. England. — Harvard. — Deserted 13 Aug., 1864. 
Hagerty, Jolin. 23. Ireland. Laborer. 27 June, 1864. 

Albany, N.Y. — Tem])leton. — Mustered out. 



444 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Hayden, Charles. 24. England 1864. . . . 

... — Absent in hospital. No further record. 

Lamant, Joseph. 22. Belgium. Clothier. IG July, 1864. 
New York. — Northampton. — Mustered out. 

Lane, Jolin. 23. ... Harness-maker. 19 July, 1864. 
Brooklyn, N.Y. — Beverly. — Deserted 22 June, 1865. 

Merriam, Wilder. 23. Westminster, Mass. Mechanic. 
20 Feb., 1864. Gardner. — Gardner. — Detached to brig- 
ade band. No further record. 

Miles, John F 1864. ... — ... 

— Transferred to Company K, which see. 

MoRAN, Thomas. 21. New York. ... 25 June, 1864. 
Brooklyn, N.Y. — South Hadley. — Wounded in leg, 3 
Aug., 1864, in front of Atlanta ; in hospital ; no further 
record. 

MuNSON, John. 22. New York. Plasterer. 9 June, 1864. 
Boston. — . . . — Deserted 22 June, 1865. 

EoGERS, William. 21. Schuylkill County, Penn. Miner. 
29 June, 1864. Pottsville, Penn. — North Brookfield.— 
Deserted 22 June, 1865. 

Ryan, William. 21. Elizabethport, N.J. Boatman. 16 
June, 1864. Elizabethport, N.J. — North Brookfield. Mus- 
tered out. 

ScANLAN, Patrick. 29. ... Laborer. 29 Aug., 1864. 

Salem. — Northampton. — Mustered out. 
Schneider, Albert. 21. Wirtemberg, Germany. Watch- 
maker. 16 July, 1864. Boston. — Northampton. — 
Taken prisoner in the North-Carolina campaign. Mustered 
out. 
Spencer, John. 24. Wilmington, Del. Machinist. 5 
July, 1864. Wilmington, Del. — South Danvers. — Mus- 
tered out. 

Wilton, Harris. 22. Quebec, C.E. Seaman. 23 June, 
1864. Boston. — South Hadley. — Absent in hospital. 
No further record. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 445 

COMPANY D. 
VETERANS. 

Andersox, John E. — Sergeant. — Mustered out. 
Berrigan, Kerin. — Died, 24 Feb., 18G4, at Albany, N.Y., 

when the regiment was returning to the field. 
Billings, Alfred. — Mustered out. 
Bliven, Arthur J. — Sergeant. — Mustered out. 
Booth, Alvin O. — Mustered out. 

Bruce, George A. — Corporal, 1 July, 1864, to 13 Nov., 
1864 ; corporal again, 1 Jan., 1865, to 28 June, 1865. 
Mustered out. 
Crosby, Reuben G. — Hospital attendant, January, 1865. — 

Mustered out. 
Curtis, George S. — Mustered out. 
Eager, William O. — Mustered out. 
FiTZGiBBON, James C. — Corporal. — Mustered out. 
Heald, Charles H. — Corporal. — Transferred, 28 May, 

1864, to G, which see. 
Houghton, Albert. — Commissary department, 26 April, 

1864. — Prisoner in the North- Carolina campaign, 20 
March, 1865, to 30 March, 1865. Mustered out, 12 June, 

1865, by General Order 77. 
Ingram, Gilbert B. — Mustered out. 
King, Edward H. — Mustered out. 

King, Ossiau . M. — Corporal. — Sergeant, 1 Jan., 1865; 
First sergeant, 1 July, 1865. Wounded in thigh, 15 May, 

1864, at Resaca. INIustered out. 

Kinsman, Frederick. — Apix)inted hospital steward, 1 April, 

1865. — See Non-commissioned Staff. 
Leahy, Richard. — INIustered out. 
Litchfield, Charles D. — Mustered out. 
O'Brien, James. — Deserted 23 June, 1865. 
Prescott, James M. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, to C, 

which see. 



446 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Reed, William II. — Transferred, 1 July, 1864, to G, which 
see. 

Shattuck, Danforth. — Taken prisoner at Waynesboro', 2 
Feb., 1865; arrived at parole camp, 28 March, 1865. 
Mustered out 12 June, 1865. 

Thompson, Jedediah C. — Sergeant. — Wounded in foot, 15 
May, 1864, at Resaca. First lieutenant, 7 July, 1864. — 
See Commissioned Officers. 

Thukston, Thomas B. — First sergeant. — Sergeant-major, 
1 July, 1865. — See Non-commissioned Staff. 

Toombs, William D. — Corporal, 15 July, 1864. — Trans- 
ferred 30 Jan., 1865, to G, which see. 

Webber, George H. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, from K. 
Taken prisoner in the North-Carolina campaign. Mus- 
tered out. 

RECRUITS. 

Alsen (Olsten?), Peter. 25. ... Sailor. 23 June, 1864. 

Boston. — Dudley. — Deserted 30 July, 1864. 
Alston, Michael. 22. ... Boatman. 15 June, 1864. 

Boston. — Quincy. — No further report. 
Billings, Thomas E. — Transferred, 3 March, 1864, from 

B. In hospital, at Jefferson vi lie, Ind., 26 July, 1865, when 

mustered out. 
Boiis, Bernhard. 22. Germany. Painter. 6 July, 1864. 

Boston. — Chelsea. — Transferred to K, which see. 
Black, Robert. 21. . . . Shoemaker, 12 July, 1864. 

Kingston, C.W. — Lynn. — Deserted 23 Sept., 1864. 
Brady, James. 21. ... Carpenter. 12 July, 1864. 

Montreal, C.E. — Beverly. — Mustered out. 
Bucher, Siegfried. 24. Switzerland. Farmer. 20 July, 

1864. Switzerland. — Harwich. — Mustered out. 
Carney, William. — No record. Deserted 31 July, 1864. 
Carroll, Micliael. 21. ... Farmer. 7 July, 1864. 

Baltimore, INId. — Chelsea. — Deserted 8 Aug, 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 447 

Claffy, John. 19. ... Laborer. 18 Feb.* 18 Go. Bos- 
ton. — Worcester. — INIustered out. 
FoLF.Y, James. 30. St. John's, N.B. Sailor. 23 July, 

18G4:. St. John's, N.B. — Chelsea. — Died of disease in 

Douglas Hospital, 24 June, 18G."). 
Gaynor, Patrick. 35. ... Clerk. 23 June, 1864. 

Boston. — Boston. — Mustered out. 
Geisslkk, Eugene. 19. Germany. Stone-cutter. IG 

July, 18G4. — Boston. — North Andover. — Deserted 1 1 

March, 18 Go. 
Hatch, Charles A. 21. Andover, Mass. Clerk. 29 

July, 18G4. Boston. — Eastham. — Mustered out. 
IIki'PKL, Carl. 26. ... Machinist. 3 Oct., 1864. Bos- 
ton. — Roxbury. — Deserted 2o June, 18Go. 
Houghton, Josiah S. 18. Chelsea, Mass. Farmer. 9 

Dec, 1863. Leominster. — Leominster. — Transferred 

from B, 3 March, 1864. Mustered out. 
JoNics, Everett. ... — Deserted 8 Aug., 18G4. 
Lange, Adolph. 26. ... Bookbinder. 1 Nov., 1864. 

Boston. — Koxbury. — Mustered out. 
Matoxk, Johann Peter. 36. . . . Painter. 3 Oct., 1864. 

Boston. — Ixoxbury. — Mustered out. 
McNanny, Thomas. 19. Toronto, N.Y. Boatman. 2o 

July, 1864. New York. — Leverett. — Deserted 23 Sept., 

1864. 
i\lKLi:Y, James. . . . — Deserted 4 Aug., 1864. 
MoORK, Thomas. 21. York County, Penn. Farmer. 22 

July, 1864. St. Louis, Mo. — Northampton. — Deserted 

23 Sept., 1864. 
MuLLOi'', Patrick. 26. .'. . Moulder. 20 July, 1864. 

Lowell. — Harvard. — No further record. 
Parker, John M. 18. Pittsficld, Mass. Farmer. 25 

July, 1864. Worthiugton. — AVorthington. — jNIustered 

out. 
SiiooTMETER (SchattonuUcr, Schattmuller ?), Ignatz. 25. 

. . . Teamster. 6 Aug., 1864. Germany. — Chelsea. 

— In hospital, 26 July, 1865, when mustered out. 



448 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Shott, John. 32. ... Butcher. 5 July, 18G4. Patter- 
son, N.J. — Lynn. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864. 

Wasner, Heinrich. 26. ... Butcher. 29 June, 1864. 
Germany. — Barre. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864. 

Waterman, John. 20. Newark, N.J. — Machinist. 14 
July, 1864. Newark, N.J. — North Brookfield. — De- 
serted 11 Nov., 1864. 



COMPANY E. 

VETERANS. 

DuNTON, Alonzo E. — Sergeant to 22 June, 1864. Deserted 

3 Aug., 1864. 
Harlow, Edwin A. — Transferred from A, 1 July, 1864. 

First sergeant, 1 July, 1864; second lieutenant, 3 July, 

1865, but not mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers. 

Mustered out. 
Mather, Samuel A. — Was mustered out 28 May, 1864, 

but re-enlisted 15 Aug., 1864. Mustered out 11 June, 

1865. 

RECRUITS. 

Arter, Robert. 22. New Jersey. Brickmaker. 28 June, 
1864. New Brainbridge, N.J. — Holyoke. — Deserted 12 
Aug., 1864. 

Brown, James. 23. ... Tailor. 16 July, 1864. Low- 
ell. — Lowell. — Deserted 25 June, 1865. 

Brown, John. 25. ... Seaman. 25 June, 1864. Bos- 
ton. — Swampscott. — Mustered out. 

Butler, James. 21. Whitehall, N.Y. Laborer. 7 May, 
1864. Whitehall, N.Y. — New Braintree. — Corporal, 10 
Sept., 1864. Absent in hospital when mustered out. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 449 

Caffrey, Edward. 20. Albany, N.Y. Painter. 10 June, 
1864. New York. — Chelsea. — Wounded in liead, 30 
July, 1864, in front of Atlanta. Mustered out. 

Claus, Robert. 26. Prussia. Clerk. 7 May, 1864. New 
York. — Boston. — Deserted 3 Aug., 1864. 

Cole, Charles E. 19! ... Farmer. 10 Sept., 1864. 
Providence, R.I. — Lowell. — Mustered out. 

Cronan, Patrick. 25. Ireland. Laborer. 29 June, 

1864. Ireland. — Barre. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864 ; ar- 
rested 10 Aug., 1864 ; in penitentiary at Nashville when 
the regiment was mustered out, 

Davis, Joseph. 25. Derry, Ireland. Pattern-maker. 25 
June, 1864. New Yoi-k. — Svvampscott. — Deserted from 
provost guard, 9 Aug., 1864; arrested; in penitentiary at 
Nashville when the regiment was mustered o3t. 

Ford, John. 32. New York. Hatter. 13 July, 1864. 
New York. — Wellfleet. — Sick in hospital ; no further 
record. 

Grkkn, William. 22. Lancaster, Penn. Machinist. 14 
July, 1864. Frankfort, Penn. — North Brookfield. — De- 
serted 9 Jan., 1865. 

Grey, Patrick. 37. ... Boiler-maker. 17 Aug., 1864. 
Boston. — West Springfield. — Mustered out. 

Guthrie, Henry A. (V.?). 21. Stafford, Ct. Operative. 
11 May, 1864. Stafford, Ct. — Boston. — Corporal, 1 June, 

1865. Mustered out. 

Harper, John. 31. Scotland. Laborer. 18 June, 1864. 

Boston. — Holyoke. — Quartermaster's clerk, 3 Nov., 1864. 

In hospital, 22 June, 1865, when mustered out. 
Henshaw, James. 22. Manchester, Eng. Cooper. 8 

June, 1864. Boston. — Salisbury. — Deserted 15 July, 

1864. 
Johnson, George. 22. New Orleans, La. Sailor. 2 Aug., 

1864. Ilopkiuton. — Lowell. — Deserted 12 Sept., 1864. 
Kelliher, Timothy. 21. Boston, Mass. Shoemaker. 9 

29 



450 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

June, 1864. Deerfield. — Deerfield. — Deserted; no date 
given. 

Lamont, Pierre. 29. ... Sailor. 3 Nov., 1864. New- 
York. — Easton. — In hospital, 26 July, 1865, when mus- 
tered out. 

Leonard, George. 22. Baltimore, Md. Laborer. 1 July, 
1864. Baltimore, Md. — Holyoke. — Deserted 12 Aug., 
1864. 

Lynch, Edward. 27. New York. Laborer. 21 June, 
1864. — New York. — Savoy. — Deserted 12 June, 1864. 

Mather, Frederick A. 38. ... Bootmaker. 15 Aug., 
1864. Milford. — Milford. — Mustered out 11 June, 
1865. 

Mattkson, William E. 20. South Shaftsbury, Vt. Turner. 
24 May, 1864. Vermont. — Chelsea. — Mustered out. 

McCauley, Henry. 35. Fermor, Ireland. Laborer. 23 
April, 1864. Boston. — Abington. — Corporal, 1 July, 
1864, Wounded in head, 30 July, 1864, in front of At- 
lanta. Wounded in thigh, severely, 16 March, 1865, at 
Averysborough. In hospital, 17 June, 1865, when mus- 
tered out. 

McTierney (McTomey, AdJ.-Gen.), John. 21. Yorkport, 
N.J. Farmer. 2 Aug., 1864. Jersey City, N.J. — West- 
minster. — Deserted 15 Nov., 1864. 

Mehler, Michael. 21. . . . N.J. Laborer. 30 June, 
1864. — Boston. — Royalston. — Deserted 16 Aug., 1864 ; 
arrested 17 Aug. ; in penitentiary at Nashville when the 
regiment was musterfed out. 

Mickey, Edward. 18. Hamburg, Germany. Comb-maker. 
9 May, 1864, New York. — Boston. — Company musi- 
cian. Mustered out. 

Moore, John. 26. Scotland. Moulder. 2 Aug., 1864. 
Cohoes, N.Y. — Lowell. — In hospital, 27 May, 1865, 
when discharged. 

Munson, Charles. 21. Ireland. Exjjressman. 6 June, 1864. 
Philadelphia. — Northampton. — Wounded, seriously, 30 



THE ENLISTED MEN — SECOND TEllM. 451 

July, 1861, in front of Atlanta. In hospital, 26 July, 1865, 

wlu;n mustered out. 
MuNSON, John. 22. New York. Carpenter. 7 July, 

1864. — Williamsburg, N.Y. — Leicester. — Deserted 13 

Aug., 1864. 
MuKPiiY, Jeremiah. 19. Ireland. Boatman. 28 June, 

1864. — Montreal, C.E. — Holyoke. — Mustered out. 
MuKPHY, Thomas. 21. Brattleboro', Vt. Machinist. 16 

May, 1864. Winchester. — Boston. — Corporal, 23 June, 

1865. Mustered out. 

Neth, Franz. 27. Germany. Cigar-maker. 6 July, 

1864. — Prussia. — AVinchendon. — Deserted 11 Aug., 

1864. 
O'Neai., William. 21. ... N. Y. Farmer, 22 July, 1864. 

Port Kent, N. Y. — Wayland. Deserted 12 Sept., 1864. 
Parker, Richard S. 28. Salem, Mass. Clerk. 9 July, 

1864. Fairliaven, Ct. — Amesbury. — Deserted 12 Aug., 

1864. 
Pierce, John A. 32. Milford, Mass. Bootmaker. 25 

Feb., 1864. Medway. — Medway. — Mustered out. 
Pickett, Daniel S. 23. Kerry, Ireland. Laborer. 9 

May, 1864. Boston. — Boston. — Prisoner, July, 1864 ; 

discharged (paroled) 5 June, 1865. 
Randoltii, James L. 25. Wilmington, Del. Clerk. 10 

June, 1864. Wilmington, Del. — Chelsea. — Deserted 22 

Oct., 1864. 
Riioux, Joseph. 20. Canada. Laborer. 21 April, 1864. 

Canada East. — Petersham. — Killed in action, 30 July, 

1864, near Atlanta. 
Rii.EY, John. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 31 May, 1864. 

Boston. — Wiuchendon. — Wounded, 16 March, 1865, at 

Averysborough. Mustered out. 
RoBBiNS, Arthur N. 23. Cape of Good Hope. Sailor. 

12 July, 1864. . . . — Lynu.— Deserted 13 Aug., 1864. 
Sheldon, Duane C. 18. ... Clerk. 17 Oct., 1864. 

Andover, Vt. — Roxbury. — Discharged for disability, 27 

May, 1865. 



452 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Shepherd, Eugene. 19. Newark, N.J. Laborer. 7 May, 

1864. New Bedford. — Chelsea. — Died of disease, Jan., 

1865, at Nashville, Tenn. 

Smith, Charles. 24. Tipperary, Ireland. Shoemaker. 2 
Aug., 1864. Lowell.— . . . —Deserted 12 Sept., 1864. 

Smith, Henry. 21. ... Moulder. 3 Nov., 1864. Bos- 
ton. — Chatham. — Deserted 10 June, 1865. 

Stevens, Edward G. 44. ... Painter. 20 Sept., 1864. 
Boston. — Haverhill. — In hospital, 27 July, 1865, when 
mustered out. 

Sullivan, James. 35. Kerry, Ireland. Clerk. 26 July, 
1864. New York. — Waylaud. — Taken prisoner in the 
North-Carolina campaign. Discharged (paroled) 24 July, 
1865. 

Sullivan, John. 21. Ireland. Hostler. 29 June, 1864. 
Cambridge. — Barre. — Deserted 8 Aug., 1864 ; arrested 
10 Aug., 1864 ; in penitentiary at Nashville when the 
regiment was mustered out. 

Sweeny, Wallace H. 24. England. Laborer. 2 Aug., 
1864. Brooklyn, N.Y. — Lowell.— Deserted 17 Jan., 1865. 

Taylor, Edwin. 26. ... Painter. 22 June, 1864. Spring- 
field. — Charlton. — Died of disease, 15 Oct., 1864, at 
Chattanooga. 

Teiss, Ernest. 34. Germany. Baker. 7 May, 1864. 
Boston. — Chelsea. — Straggled on march, August, 1864; 
supposed prisoner ; no further record. 

Wallace, John A. 21. Manchester, N.II. Blacksmith. 
15 June, 1864. Manchester, N.H. — Holyoke. — Taken 
prisoner; discharged (paroled) 20 July, 1865. 

Whittemore, Charles L. 18. ... Teamster. 26 July, 
1864. Charlestown, N.H. — Roxbury. — Mustered out. 

Winters, AVilliam. 27. Philadelphia, Penn. Brewer. 
31 May, 1864. Philadelphia, Penn. — Tewksbury. — De- 
serted 22 Oct., 1864. 

Woodman, John. 18. ... Farmer. 22 Aug., 1864. 
Brewer, Me. — Needham. — Prisoner in the North-Caro- 
lina campaign ; no further record. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TEllM. 453 

COMPANY F. 
VETERANS. 

Billings, David E. — IMiistercd out. 

Bryant, Cyrus W. — Taken prisoner, 8 June, 1864. Absent 

in liospital, 18 July, 1865, when mustered out. 
Carr. Patrick II. — In commissary department, January, 

1865. Mustered out. 
Cook, Martin V. B. — Mustered out. 
Crosby, Pardon L. — Corporal, 1 Jidy, 1864; sergeant, 23 

June, 1865; color-sergeant, 25 June, 1865. Mustered out. 
Currant, Thatcher M. — Corporal, 1 April, 1864; sergeant, 

5 June, 1865. Mustered out. 
Douglas, John F. — Sergeant. — Armorer, 28 April, 1864. 

Prisoner, 8 Nov., 1864; not heard from. 
DuRGiN, Daniel. — jMustered out. 
Gorton, Samuel M. — In hospital at Boston, 23 Feb., 1864. 

No further record. 
Hartt, John T. — Company musician. — INIustered out. 
Jepson, Samuel L. — Sergeant. — First sergeant, 1 March, 

1864, to 13 Nov., 1864; sergeant, 4 March, 1865; first 
sergeant, 23 April, 1865. Appointed second lieutenant, 3 
July, 1865, but not mustered in. — See Commissioned Offi- 
cers. Mustered out. 

Kendall, Webster A. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, to C, 

which see. 
Parker, Alfred R. — Corporal. — Killed in action, 1 6 March, 

1865, at Averysborough. 

Pickering, A>a. — Corporal, 23 June, 1865. Mustered out. 
Richardson, Delavan. — Corporal. — Sergeant, 1 April, 

1864. INIustered out. 
Staten, William II. — Corporal. — Sergeant, 13 March, 

1864, to 4 ]\[arch, 1865. Mustered out. 
Whipple, Alfred P. — Corporal, 5 June, 1865. Mustered 

out. 



454 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



RECRUITS. 

Brady, Thomas. 21. Newark, N.J. Laborer. 1 June, 

18G4. — Boston. — Attleboro'. — Deserted 11 Aug., 1864. 
Brown, Edwin (Edward?). 20. Germany. Sailor. 15 

Jan., 1864. Philadelphia. — Rutland. — No further re- 
port. 
Bryant, Andrew A. 21. Athol, Mass. Mechanic. 15 

Feb., 1864. Phillipston. — Phillipston. — Mustered out. 
Campbell, Robert. 20. Delaware County, Penn. Laborer. 

6 July, 1864. Philadelphia. — Winchendon. — Deserted 

9 Aug., 1864. 
Carton (Karton?), Charles. 19. ... Boatman. 4 July, 

1864. Boston. — North Andover. — Deserted 20 Nov., 

1864. 
Connors, Jeremiah. 29. ... Stone-cutter. 18 Aug., 

1864. Salem. — Salem. — Mustered out. 
Crosby, John. 22. Rouville, Texas. Farmer. 24 June, 

1864. Norfolk, Va. — South Hadley. — Deserted 7 Aug., 

1864. 
Davis, Frederick C. (Francis ?) 

— ... — Corporal, 23 June, 1865. No further record. 
Devitt, Edward. 21. Ireland. Barber. 1 Aug., 1864. 

Philadelphia. — Conway. — Deserted 4 Sept., 1864. 
Dillon, Thomas (James?). 21. Syracuse, N.Y. Laborer. 

26 May, 1864. Springfield. — Templeton. — Wounded 

(leg broken) by shell, 1 Aug., 1864, in front of Atlanta. 

Absent in hospital when mustered out. 
DuMPHREY, Edward. 21. ... Farmer. 10 Nov., 1864. 

Worcester. — Worcester. — Deserted 10 June, 1865. 
Dunn, Daniel. 21. L-eland. Laborer. 6 June, 1864. 

New York. — Boylston. — Deserted 7 Nov., 1864. 
Dunn, Peter. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 1 June, 1864. Bos- 
ton. — Warwick. — Deserted 9 Aug., 1864. 
Gilbert, Frederick. 23. ... Clerk. 9 July, 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 455 

Prussia. — Salisbury. — Wounded in neck, 16 March, 1865, 

at Averysborough. Mustered out. 
Gregory, Samuel D. 18. ... Farmer. 22 Aug., 1864. 

Belliugham. — Bellingham. — Prisoner, 14 April, 1865. 

Mustered out. 
IIarland, William. 25. Germany. Blacksmith. 5 July, 

1864. Germany. — Lynn. — Deserted 9 Aug., 1864. 
ITahrington, Charles. 27. ... Tinsmith. 23 July, 

1864. New York. — Chelsea. — Prisoner in the North- 
Carolina campaign. Discharged for disability, 2 July, 

1865. 
Johnson, James. 35. Baltimore, Md. Laborer. 7 May, 

1864. — Baltimore, Md. — Chelsea. — Deserted from hos- 
pital in Nashville ; no date given. 
Kaiser, Jacob. 25. ... Baker. 6 July, 1864. New 

York. — Amesbury. — Deserted 12 Nov., 1864. 
Kelley, John F. 23. Canada. Machinist. 3 May, 1864. 

Canada. — Boston. — Mustered out. 
Kelley, Michael. 22. ... Currier. 8 Sept., 1864. 

Salem. — Lowell. — Mustered out. 
Kelley, William. 22. Roscommon, Ireland. Teamster. 

8 June, 1864. — Boston. — Salisbury. — Deserted 9 Aug., 

1864. 
"Lane, Gustavus E. 27 20 Sept., 1863. 

Boston. — ... — Mustered out. 
Mason, William. 21. England. Seaman. 23 May, 1864. 

Boston. — Maiden. — Died, 14 Aug., 1864, in front of 

Atlanta. 
Meiian, Matthew. 20. ... Laborer. 15 Feb., 1865. 

Salem. — Ashby. — IVIustered out. 
Muller, Conrad. 27. ... Shoemaker. 29 June, 1864. 

New York. — Barre. — In hospital, 3 July, 1865, when 

mustered out. 
Nangle, Thomas. 26. Ireland. Clerk. 3 May, 1864. 

Canada. — Provincetown. — In hospital, 17 June, 1865, 

when mustered out. 



456 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INPANTRY. 

O'Brien, James. 22. ... Carpenter. IG July, 1864. 

Newtonville, N.Y. — Lowell. — Corporal, 5 June, 1865, to 

19 June, 1865. Deserted 19 June, 1865. 
PiERSON, Oscar. 18. Norway. Laborer. 10 Feb., 1864. 

Chelmsford. — Chelmsford. — Mustered out. 
Regan, Thomas. 20. Ireland. Grocer. 25 May, 1864. 

New York. — Chelsea. — Wounded in thigh, severely, 16 

March, 1865, at Averysborough. In hospital when mus- 
tered out. 
Riley, James. 21. Westchester, Ct. Clerk. 2 Aug., 

1864. New York. — Princeton. — Mustered out. 
Ring, George. 20. . . . Driver. 14 July, 1864. New 

Haven, Ct. — North Brookfield. Deserted 12 Nov., 1864. 
Robinson, Charles. 26. Canada. Machinist. 3 May, 

1864. St. John's, N.B. — Princeton. — Mustered out. 
Ryan, James. 26. Tipperary, Ireland. Boatman. 26 

May, 1864. Brooklyn, N.Y. — Templeton. — Prisoner in 

North- Carolina campaign. In hospital when mustered out. 
Ryan, John H. 21. Newark, N.J. Laborer. 11 June, 

1864. Newark, N.J. — Chelsea. — Deserted 9 Aug., 1864. 
Ward, Peter. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 3 May, 1864. 

Philadelphia, Penn. — North Brookfield. Absent sick. 

No further record. 



COMPANY G. 
veterans. 

Baldwin, John D. S. — Company musician. — Mustered out. 

French, Henry P. — Absent in hospital, 4 May, 1864. 
(Probably discharged.) 

Heald, Charles H. — Corporal. — Transferred, on re-enlist- 
ing, from D. Sergeant, 28 May, 1864; first sergeant, 
1 July, 1864. Wounded, slightly, 16 March, 1865, at 
Averysborough. Appointed second lieutenant, 3 July, 



THE ENLISTED MEN — SECOND TEIJM. 457 

18G5, but not mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers. 
Mustered out. 

Lawton, John. — Wounded in leg, 15 May, 1864, at Resaca. 
Transferred to Invalid Corps, 17 Sept., 1864. 

Reed, William II. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, from D. 
Sergeant, 1 July, 1864. Wounded, 30 July, 1864, in front 
of Atlanta, and died iu consequence, 4 Oct., 1864. Buried 
at Cliattanooga. 

Richardson, Jesse. — First sergeant. — First lieutenant, 24 
May, 1864. — See Commissioned Officers. 

Toombs, William D. — Corporal. — Transferred to G, 30 
Jan., 1865, from D ; sergeant, 30 Jan., 1865 ; first lieuten- 
ant, to date from 4 Nov., 1864. — See Commissioned Offi- 
cers. 

RECRUITS. 

Bowler, Jeremiah. 21. Ireland. Currier. 5 IMay, 1864. 
Winchester. — Pembroke. — Corporal, 27 Dec, 1864, to 
25 June, 1865. Mustered out. 

Carrick, Edward. 21. Piiiladelphia, Tenn. Diiller. 14 
July, 1864. Newark, N.J. — Wellrteet. — Deserted 15 
Nov., 1864. 

CociiLAN, Thomas. 30. Ireland. Sailor. 27 May, 1864. 
Boston. — Lee. — Deserted 22 July, 1864. 

Coleman, Patiick. 30. Ireland. Currier. 10 Aug., 1864. 
Salem. — Salem. — Iu hospital, 28 July, 1865, when mus- 
tered out. 

Connelly, Benjamin. 23. Ireland. Boatman. 6 July, 
1864. Troy, N.Y. — Lynn. — Deserted 1 6 Aug., 1864. 

Cox, John. 18. Maiden, Mass. Clerk. 16 Feb., 1864. 
Maiden. — Boston. — ^Mustered out. 

Cox, William. 25. Prince Edward's Island. Sailor. 30 
May, 1864. Prince Edward's Island. — Maiden. — Mus- 
tered out. 

CcLP, Joseph. 20. Worcester, Mass/ Laborer. 2 Aug., 
1864. Worcester. — Milton. — Deserted 20 Sept., 1864. 



458 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

FisiiER, George. 27. Germany. Saddler. 1 June, 1864. 

Germany. — Northampton. — Mustered out. 
Foley, Charles. 2o. Baltimore, Md. Sailor. 12 July, 

18G4. Wellfleet. — Welllleet. — Deserted 15 Aug., 1864. 
Foley, John. 20. Stamford, Ct. Laborer. 13 July, 

1864. Conn. — Beverly. — Deserted 15 Nov., 1864. 
Ford, Delos B. 18. New York. Printer. 15 Feb., 1864. 

Roxbury. — Boston. — Absent sick, 24 July, 1865, when 

mustered out. 
Foreman (Fuhrman?), George. 24. Germany. Farmer. 

1 7 JMay, 1864. Boston. — Chelsea. — Wounded, 2 1 Dec, 

1864, in South Carolina. Mustered out. 
Fox, John. 21. West Derby, Vt. Farmer. 18 Feb., 

1864. — Stanstead, C.E. — Boston. — In hospital, 1 Oct., 

1864, and also when regiment was mustered out. 
Frey, James. 24. Germany. Pedler. 13 June, 1864. 

Austria. — Chelsea. — Corporal, 10 Sept., 1864, to 30 Dec, 

1864, when returned to the ranks at his own request. 

Wounded in breast and arm, severely, 16 March, 1865, at 

Averysborough ; discharged in consequence, 3 July, 1865. 
Gassell, Henry. 35. (No record of items.) Deserted 

6 July, 1864. 
Gibson, George. (No record of items.) Deserted 12 Nov., 

1864. 
Glaser (or Glozier), Louis. 21. ... Sailor. 30 Nov., 

1864. Boston. — Chelsea. — Mustered out. 
Grken, John. 32. St. John's, N.B. Seaman. 2 June, 

1864. St. John's, N.B. — Kingston. — Deserted 17 Aug. , 

1864. 
Hale, Wilbur H. 18. Portland, Me. Laborer. 27 April, 

1864. Glastonbury, Ct. — New Salem. — Mustered out. 
Harley, Bartholomew. 31. ... Laborer. 25 Aug., 

1864. — New York. — Lowell. — Mustered out. 
Herrick, James. 22. Canada. Boatman. 8 July, 1864. 

Albany, N.Y. — Wellfleet. — Deserted 8 June, 1865. 
Hopkins, John. 20. New York. Printer. 5 May, 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 459 

Cleveland, Ohio. — Pembroke. — Corporal, 10 Sept., 1864, 

to 3 Nov., 18G4. Deserted 12 Nov., 18G4. 
Hutchinson, David. 20. Scotland. Laborer. 28 April, 

1864. Scotland. — New Salem. — Dropped 19 Dec, 

1864; supposed to have been shot by guerillas. 
Jones, Frederick. 26. Germany. Trader. 1 June, 1864. 

Germany. — Shelburnc. — Deserted 16 July, 186^ 
Keegan, Frank. 19. New York. Spinner. 22 July, 

1864. Providence, R.I. — Chelsea. — Died 5 June, 1865, 

at Savannah, Ga. 
King, John. 21. Ireland. Cooper. 26 July, 1864. 

Canada. — Salem. — Deserted 18 Jan., 1865. 
Knowles, John. 21. England. Laborer. 27 May, 1864. 

England. — Lee. — Deserted 24 Aug., 1864. 
Lee, William. 20. Canada. Boatman. 30 July, 1864. 

Cobourg, C.W. — Plymouth. — Discharged for disability, 

28 June, I860. 
Leigiiton, Joseph. — "Recruit from depot," April, 1865. 

No other record. 
Leudo (Ledou?), Frank. 21. Montreal, C.E. Brick- 
maker. 27 May, 1864. Boston. — Maiden. — Mustered 

out 26 July, 1865. 
LuiTEU, Samuel D. (Luther, Joseph ?). 21 . . . Laborer. 

20 Aug., 1864. Douglas. — Douglas. — Discharged by 

order of War Department, 11 June, 1865. 
Magoun, William. 18. Shepton, Canada. Teamster. 28 

April, 1864. Warwick, C.E. — Boston. — Deserted 20 

Dec., 1864. 
Mayo, John. 24. Montreal, C.E. Soldier. 2 July, 1864. 

Montreal, C.PL — Lancaster. — Deserted 10 Aug., 1M4. 
McNamara, George. 19. Ireland. JNIariner. 23 April 

1864. Ireland. — Sandwich. — AVounded in leg, 1 6 March, 

1865, at Averysborough ; in hospital, 1 June, 1865, when 
discharged. 

Meukill, Truman. 18. Seabrook, if.II. Shoemaker. 30 
Jan., 1864. Salisbury. — Salisbury. — Mustered out. 



460 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

MoNAHAN, Mahan (Malachi?). 21. Providence, R.L 
Teamster. 20 April, 18G4. Providence, R.I. — Boston. 

— Deserted 19 June, 18G5. 

MuiR, James. 23. ... Clerk. . . . Quebec, C.E. 

— Chatham. — Detached to Headquarters Military De- 
partment. No further record. 

MuRPi*-, Edward. 21. Ireland. Saddler. 7 July, 18G4. 

Brooklyn, N.Y. — South Danvers. — Discharged 14 July, 

1865. 
Murphy, William. 21. Philadelphia, Pcnn. Sailor. 28 

April, 1864. Philadelphia. — Chelmsford. — Mustered 

out. 
O'Malley, Charles. 25. England. Laborer. 12 Aug., 

1864. Buffalo, N.Y. — Chelsea. — Deserted 11 Sept. 

1864. 
Patterson, Robert. 21. Nova Scotia. Clerk. 20 April, 

1864. St. John's, N.B. — Abington. — Corporal, 23 June, 

1865. Mustered out. 

Peterson, Otto. 21. ... Clerk. 3 Sept., 1864. Bos- 
ton. — Sunderland. — Dischai'ged in hospital at New Al- 
bany, lud., 10 July, 1865. 

Riley, Thomas. 21. England. Shoemaker. 14 June, 
1864. Chelsea.— . . . —Deserted 13 Aug., 1864. 

Ruby, Jacob F. 35. Germany. Machinist. 23 May, 
1864. Boston. — Cohasset. — Discharged in hospital, 30 
May, 1865. 

Stevens, James. 22. Lancashire, England. Blacksmith. 
12 July, 1864. Boston. — Salisbury. — Deserted 17 Aug., 
1864. 

Th^pson, Matthew. 26. New York. Carpenter. 2 July, 
1864. New York. — Chatham. — Deserted 10 Aug., 
1864. 

Turner, Frank. 25. Montreal, C.E. Laborer. 2 June, 
1864. Frederick, Md. — Southbridge. — Deserted 4 July, 
1864. 

Turner, George. 25. ... Painter. 21 May, 1864. 
Boston. — Maiden. — No further record. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 461 

Turner, Wellinorton II. 21. Dresden, Me. Farmer. 28 

May, 18(5 1. Dresden, jMe. — Laiiesboro'. — Mustered out. 
Wade, William. 21. Elmira, N.Y. Laborer. 29 April, 

18G4. Buffalo, N.Y. — Carver. — Deserted 21 June, 

1865. 
Williams, James. 25. Nova Scotia. Seaman. 9 June, 

18G4. St. John's, N.B. — ClieL-ea. — Corporal, 1 Nov., 

18G4, to 13 Nov., 18G4; corporal again, 27 Dec., 18G4. 

Absent on furlough, and discharged, 24 June, 18G5. 
Wilson, George. 19. Hamilton, C.W. Boatman, 20 

July, 18G4. Columbia, N.Y. — Northampton. — Deserted 

12 Nov., 1864. 



COMPANY H. 



VETERANS. 



Clark, John F. — Mustered out. 

Carraher, Frank L. — Corporal and color-corporal, 15 July, 
1864. Mustered out. 

Dammerall, William H. — Corporal, 31 Dec, 18G3, to 6 
Nov., 18G4; again, ... to 28 June, 1865. Mustered out. 

Foss, Fhineas II. — Hospital attendant. — Mustered out. 

GiLLEY, George. — Company musician. — Mustered out. 

Haney, William. — Deserted 23 Feb., 1864. 

Harris, George. — Corporal. — Transferred to H, 15 July, 
1864, from K. Serg.ant, 15 July, 1864. Mustered out. 

Johnson, Arthur. — Mustered out. 

Keenan, Patrick. — Deserted 28 Oct., 1864. 

McKiNSTREY, Charles 0. — Corporal, 1 July, 1864; ser- 
geant, 5 June, 1865; first sergeant, 28 June, 1865. Ap- 
pointed second lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, but not mustered 
in.- — See Commissioned Officers. Mustered out. 

MoOERS, Andrew J. — Deserted 23 Feb., 1864. 



462 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Morse, George W. — Sergeant, 2 Jan., 18G4; first sergeant, 

1 Jan., 186.5; first lieutenant, 17 March, 18G5. — See 

Commissioned Officers. 
Smith, "William. — Wounded in thigh, 15 May, 1864, at 

Resaca. — Corporal, 5 June, 1865, to 28 June, 1865. 

Mustered out. 
WiiiTTEMOKE, Ezra G. — Mustered out. 



RECRUITS. 

Black, Richard. 21. New York. Sailor. 16 May, 1864. 

Boston. — Boston. — Deserted 12 Aug., 1864. 
BuRGEN, John. 43. France. Glass-cutter. 9 June, 1864. 

Rowe. — Salisbury. — Wounded in arm, 14 Aug., 1864, 

near Atlanta. In hospital at Nashville when mustered 

out. 
Caswell, Moses. 19. Halifax, N.S.— Sailor. 21 July, 

1864. Grafton. — Northampton. — Mustered out. 
Clary, Hugh. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 14 June, 1864. 

Boston. — Dudley. — Mustered out. 
CoMRTON, Joseph. 21. Chester, N.Y. Brakeman. 11 

June, 1864. Chester, N.Y. — Chelsea. — Deserted 30 

June, 1865. 
Corneillee (Cannalin?), Herman. 19. Finland. Sailor. 

14 June, 1864. Finland. — Chelsea. — Mustered out. 
CoRNETT, James H. 28. New York. Cleik. 6 May, 

1864. New York. — Chelsea. — " Distinguished for 

bravery, 30 July, 18G4." Absent in hospital when mus- 
tered out. 
Elliker, Robert (Albert?). 24. Switzerland. Baker. 

3 May, 1864. Shelburne. — Boston. — Mustered out. 
Gonzexbacii. Ferdinand. 19. Germany. Clerk. 14 June, 

1864. Boston. — Northampton. — Prisoner, November, 

1864, to January, 1865. Mustered out 22 July, 1865. 
Hensiiaw, John. 23. Ireland. Carpenter. 6 July, 1864. 

Ireland. — Lynn. — Deserted 7 Nov., 1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 4G3 

Huntley, Loring. 21. Liverpool, England. Seaman. 22 

June, 18G4, Ilarrington, Me. — Essex. — Died 20 Nov., 

1864. 
JONKS, John. 22. Pittsfield, Mass. Bntclier. 21 June, 

18()4. New York. — Roxbuiy. — Mnstered ont. 
LaukIxXS, John. 20. Jersey City, N.J. Laborer. 10 

June, 1864. New York. — Chelsea. — Deserted 13 Nov., 

186L 
Lyn'cii, James. 26. ... Laborer, 11 Jan., 1865. New 

Yoik. — Hatfield. — Mustered out. 
McNuLTY, John. 33. Ireland. Mariner. 2 April, 1864. 

Boston. — West Cambridge. — Mustered out. 
Meutz, Jacob. 29. Germany. Laborer. 27 May, 1864. 

Jersey City, N.J. — Ciielsea. — Deserted 15 July, 1864. 
Metzke, Henry. 30. Germany. Soldier. 9 June, 1864. 

Prussia. — Chelsea. — Deserted 3 Aug., 1864. 
Miller, Charles. 24. Germany. Laborer. 7 June, 1864. 

Germany. — Northampton. — Deserted 13 July, 1864. 
Miller, ,John. 30. Tyrone County, Ireland. Laborer. 

24 May, 1864. Boston. — Chelsea. — Absent in hospital, 

26 July, 1865, wiien mustered out. 
MuuniY, John. 25. Ireland. Laborer. 20 July, 1864. 

Boston. — Chelsea. — Mustered out. 
Murray, James. 23. Liver|iool, England. Sailor. 20 

July, 1864. P^ngland. — Northampton. — Deserted 30 

June, 1865. 
Offinger, Paul. 33. Wurtemburg, Germany. Painter. 

8 June, 1864. Boston. — Northampton. — lX\serted 30 

June, 1865. 
PagI':, John. 30. Soutli Berwick, Me. Shoemaker. 26 

June, 1864. Salisbury. — Salisbury. — Corporal, 5 June, 

1865. Mustered out. 
RiiGAN, Patrick. 18. New York. Teamster. 10 May, 

1864. Boston. — Boston. — Mustered out. 
RoiuNSON, John. 21. Albany, N.Y. Farmer. 17 IMay, 

1864. Springfield. — Ashlield. — Deserted 11 Nov., 1864. 



464 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

EoBSON, John. 22, St. Louis, Mo. Steward. 8 July, 

186:1. New York. — Lynn. — Discharged 14 July, 1865. 
Sander, William. 37. ... Cigar-maker. 10 Oct., 1864. 

Boston, — Bridgewater. — Discharged by order of War 

Department. 
SiiOKT, James, 20, Hartford, Ct, Laborer. 9 July, 1864. 

Albany', N.Y. — W^ellfleet, — Deserted 30 June, 1865. 
Smith, Alonzo. 21. Canada. Butcher. 12 May, 1864. 

Canada, — Boston. — Deserted 30 June, 1865, 
Smith, Knox, 34, Ireland. Laborer. 26 April, 1864. 

Fall River, — lloxbury, — Mustered out, 
Stewart, John. 22. Pittsburgh, Penn. Boatman, 14 May, 

1864, Pittsburgh, Penn, — Dorchester. — Mustered out. 



COMPANY I. 



VETERANS. 



Baird, William, — Adjutant's clerk. — Mustered out, 

BuTLEK, Aaron, — Taken prisoner in the North-Carolina 
campaign. In hospital, 26 July, 1865, when mustered out, 

Cronin, Patrick, — Wounded, 15 May, 1864, at Eesaca, and 
died in consequence, 16 May. 

Eaton, Minot H. — Quartermaster's clerk, January, 1865. 
Mustered out. 

Ellsworth, Andrew B, — Acting quartermaster-sergeant, 
January, 1865, Mustered out 26 July, 1865, 

Flynn, Patrick, — Company musician. — Mustered out. 

Hanning, James. — Corporal. — Sergeant, 1 July, 1864; 
first sergeant, 10 Aug., 1864. Wounded, slightly, 16 
March, 1865, at Averysborough, First lieutenant, 17 
March, 1865. — See Commissioned Officers. 

Hutchinson, James, — Wounded in shoulder, severely, 16 
March, 1865, at Averysborough, In hospital at Worces- 
ter, Mass., 28 July, 1865, when mustered out. 



THE ENLISTED MEN — SECOND TERM. 465 

Lennon, Thomas II. — Killed iu action, 30 July, 1861, in 
front of Atlanta. 

McCaffrey, Cornelius. — Discharged for disability, 25 Jan., 
1865. 

Moore, Thomas. — Discharged for disability, . . April, 1864. 

Wheeler, Austin E. — Corporal, 15 July, 1864; sergeant, 
5 June, 1865 ; first sergeant, 1 July, 1S65. Taken pris- 
oner, 29 Aug., 1864, near Atlanta. Mustered out. 

WiGGix, John. — Taken prisoner in the North-Carolina cam- 
paign. Discharged 30 June, 1865. 

Wilson, Francis. — Corporal, 28 June, 1864; sergeant, 15 
July, 1864. Killed in action, 16 March, 1865, at Averys- 
borough, N.C. 

recruits. 

Allen, Henry T. 22. St. John's, N.S. Seaman. 23 June, 
1864. New York. — Shelburne. — Corporal, 25 June, 
1865. 

Baker, John M. 26. Germany. Tailor. 8 Aug., 1864. 
New York. — Chelmsford. — Absent sick. No further 
record. 

Bennet, Chester. 19. Rhode Island. Laborer. 7 July, 
1864. Foster, R.I. — Chester. — Discharged 10 July, 
1865. 

Benson, George. 22. Ireland. Miller. 8 June, 1864. 
Boston. — Northampton. — AYounded on picket, 1 Aug., 
1864, and died in consequence, 16 Aug., 1864. 

Brandt, Ernest. 21. . . . Mechanic. 13 Jan., 1864. 
Boston. — Fitchburg. — Acknowledged in report, May, 
1865 ; no further i-ecord. 

Browning, Daniel II. C. 27. Warwick, R.I. — Wool- 
sorter. 27 June, 1864. Warwick, R.I. — Holyoke. — 
Discharged by order of War Department, 30 May, 1865. 

Campbell, Charles. 22. ... Engineer. 9 July, 1864. 
New York. — Salisbury. — In hospital, July, 1865. 
80 



466 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Clark, John. 22. Rondout, N.Y. Boatman. 9 June, 

1864. Rondout, N.Y. — Spencer. — Deserted 14 Aug., 

1864. 
Clinton, Joseph. 22. Burlington, Vt. Laborer. 7 May, 

1864. Burlington. — Lancaster. — In hospital at Evans- 

ville at date of muster out. 
Cunningham, James. 20 8 Sept., 1864. 

Philadelphia, Penn. — Lowell. — Deserted 23 June, 1865. 
DoHEKTT, John. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 23 July, 1864. 

New Albany, N.Y. — Chelsea. — Deserted 7 Aug., 1864. 
Eberhaedt, John. 24. ... Clerk. 28 Aug., 1864. 

Northampton. — Northampton. — Mustered out. 
FiNLEY, Luke. 21. Ireland. Laborer. 5 May, 1864. 

New York. — Pembroke. — Deserted 25 June, 1865. 
Gross (Grass?), Henry. 20. Germany. Laborer. 16 

July, 1864. Boston. — Boston. — Absent in hospital, 30 

May, 1865, when mustered out. 
Hanvin, Henry. 24. Hartford, Ct. Laborer. 18 May, 

1864. West Roxbury. — Webster. — Deserted, in 1864, 

from hospital. 
Henry, Patrick. 20. Albany, N.Y. Laborer. 10 June, 

1864. — New York. — Chelsea. — Deserted 24 June, 1865. 
Johnson, Lewis. 19. New York. , Carman. 30 April, 

1864. New York. — Athol. — AVouuded in head, seriously, 

16 March, 1865, at Averysborough ; discharged in conse- 
quence, 29 June, 1865. 
Jones, Thomas. 35. London, Eng. Laborer. 9 June, 

1864. Florida. — Chelsea. — Deserted 15 July, 1864. 
KiRCHOFF, Rudolf. 23. Germany. Mason. 5 Aug., 

1864. New York. — Berkley. — Mustered out. 
Lawrence, Jairus. 21. Bellingham, Mass. Bootmaker. 

23 Feb., 1864. Bellingham. — Bellingham. — Died, 6 
•March, 1865, at David's Island, N.Y. 
Leahy, Daniel. 25. 9 Jan., 1865. Boston. — 

. . . — Deserted 11 June, 1865. 
Mahoney, John. 18. Cork, Ireland. Teamster. 10 

March, 1864. Boston. — Boston. — Mustered out. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 467 

Mallen, John. 18. Canada. Farmer. 23 June, 1864. 

Dover, N.II. — Leicester. — Mustered out. 
Martin (Masters?), George. 2S. New Durham, N.H. 

Farmer. 18 May, 1864. ... — ... — Mustered out. 
Martin, James. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 8 July, 1864. 

Albany, N.Y. — South Danvers. — In hospital, 27 IMay, 

1865, when discharged for disability. 
Moore, Thomas. 22. Ireland. Moulder. 22 July, 1864. 

York, Penn. — Chelsea. — Deserted 7 Aug., 1864. 
Mullen, William. 32. Saratoga, N.Y. Laborer. 8 July, 

1864. Boston. — Salisbury. — Mustered out. 
Norman, John. 24. Oyster Bay, N.Y. Boatman. 30 

April, 1864. Oyster Bay, N.Y. — Boston. — Deserted 1 1 

Aug., 1864. 
O'Brien, Henry. 20. Ireland. Plumber. 6 July, 1864. 

New York. — Lynn. — Deserted 25 June, 1865. 
Pierce, George W. 28. New Bedford, Mass. Sailor. 4 

June, 1864. Charlestown. — South Hadley. — Corporal, 

7 Nov., 1864. Discharged in hospital, 25 May, 1865. 
Riley, James. 21. New York. Butcher. 18 June, 1864. 

New York. — Princeton. — Prisoner in the North-Carolina 

campaign. Mustered out. 
RiNE, Richard. 20. Philadelphia, Penn. Butcher. 27 

May, 1864. Philadelphia, Penn. — Lee. — Deserted 23 

Aug., 1864. 
Ross, Lewis. 26. Germany. Waiter. 19 July, 1864. 

North Andover. — Noi-th Andover. — Absent on furlough, 

25 July, 1865, when mustered out. 
Ryan, William. 24. Boston, Mass. Sailor. 30 June, 

1864. Boston. — Holyoke. — Deserted 13 Aug., 1864. 
Srery, Thomas B. 22. ... Farmer. 17 Feb., 1865. 

Berlin, Ct. — Springfield. — Discharged by order of AVar 

Department, 16 June, 1865. 
Thompson, William. 22. Springfield, Mass. Farmer. 1 

July, 1864. Springfield. — 3Ialden. — Deserted 7 Aug., 

1864. 



468 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

TooMEY, Joseph. 21. ... Teamster. 19 Oct., 18G4. 

Westfield. — Bridgewater. — Mustered out. 
Turner, George. 2G. . . . Boatman. 14 Dec., 1864. 

Pititsburg, Penn. — New Marlboro'. — Deserted 22 June, 

1865. 
Warren, Eugene T. 21. Saco, Maine. Whaler. 26 

May, 1864. Biddeford, Me. — Dudley. — Deserted 11 

Aug., 1864. 
Welcome, Levi. 21. Canada. Laborer. 12 May, 1864. 

Boston. — . . . — Mustered out. 
Wilson, George. 20. Canada. Laborer. 10 May, 1864. 

Brockville, C.W. — Chelsea. — Corporal, 10 Aug., 1864. 

Prisoner, 27 Aug., 1864. Died, 12 March, 1865, at 

Wilmington, N.C. 
ZoPFiE, Frederick. 21. Switzerland. - Rope-maker. 3 

May, 1864. Shelburne — Boston. — Died of chronic diar- 
rhoea, 29 Aug., 1864, near Atlanta. 



COMPANY K. 

VETERANS. 

Bishop, Milton. — Mustered out. 

Clark, Joseph C. — Mustered out. 

Clark, William W. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, from B. 
Mustered out. 

Clary, Daniel. — Sergeant. — Discharged for disability, 6 
Oct., 1864. 

Daniels, William. — Mustered out. 

Elder, John. — Mustered out. 

Ellsworth, Thomas F. — Corporal. — Discharged, 19 Jan., 
1864, on receiving commission of second lieutenant in the 
Fifty-fifth Massachusetts, dated 24 Oct., 1863. He be- 
came first lieutenant, 20 June, 1864; captain, 1 Dec, 
1864. 



THE ENLISTED MEN — SECOND TERM. 469 

Harris, George. — Corporal, 2 June, 1804. Transfered, 15 
July, 1864, to H, which see. 

Lord, Caleb II. — First sergeant. — Mortally wounded, 19 
June, 18G4, near Kenesaw; died 29 June. Had been 
appointed first lieutenant, 24 INIay, 18G4, but the commis- 
sion had not reached him. — See Commissioned Officers. 

McDonald, John. — Mustered out. 

McIxTOSH, Augustus. — Corporal. — Wounded in head, seri- 
ously, 16 March, 1865, at Averysborough ; in hos[)ital, 27 
July, 1865, when mustered out. 

Miner, Addison G. — Mustered out. 

MiJLLER, John F.— Corporal, 15 July, 1864. Mustered 
out 26 July, 1865. 

MuNROE, John. — Company musician. — Mustered out. 

Peeler, David L. — Corporal. — Sergeant, 1 July, 1864. 
Mustered out. 

Perkins, Lafayette. — Corporal, 1 July, 1864. Li hos- 
pital, 17 June, 1865, when discharged. 

Pratt, John A. — Company musician. — Mustered out. 

Rivers, Lewis. — Color-corporal. — Corporal, 23 April, 
1865, to 1 July, 1865. Mustered out. 

Robinson, Delano. — Discharged in hospital, 14 July, 1865. 

Snook, John F. — Mustered out. 

SniixGER, WiUiam A. — Wounded in thigh, 15 May, 1864, 
at Resaca. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps in 
April, 1865. 

Tenney, Albert. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, to C, which 
see. 

TuLLT, Prescott W. — ^Mustered out. 

Tyk, James. — Died of pneumonia, 23 March, 1864, at Tul- 
lahoma, Tenn 

Vance, Loriu A. — Mustered out. 

VoLL, Andrew. — Sergeant. — First sergeant, 1 July, 1804. 
Appointed second lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, but not mus- 
tered in. — See Commissioned Officers. IMustered out. 

Webber, George II. — Transferred, on re-enlisting, to D, 
which see. 



470 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Weber, Frederick. — Taken prisoner in the North-Caro- 
lina campaign. Mnstered out. 
Welch, Tiiomas. — Mustered out. 

RECRUITS. 

BoHS, Bernhard. 21. Germany. Painter. 6 July, 1864. 

Boston. — Chelsea. — Transferred from D. Sick in hospital, 

6 Sept., 1864, and until mustered out, 26 July, 1865. 
Brady, James. 20. Ireland. Laborer. 6 June, 1864. 

Brooklyn, N.Y. — Northampton. ^ Deserted 2 July, 1864. 
Bredshta, William. 26. Switzerland. Shoemaker. 6 

June, 1864. France. — Kingston. — Mustered out. 
Brookings, Charles S. 23. ... Painter. 5 Feb., 1864. 

Winchester. — Winchester. — Mustered out. 
Craven, John. 21. Ireland. Sailor. 7 July, 1864. Ire- 
land. — Winchendon. — Died of brain fever, 9 Sept., 1864. 
Davis, James. 21. ... Printer. 25 May, 1864. Bos- 
ton. — Templeton. — No further record. 
Davis, William. 36. ... Laborer. 25 May, 1864. 

Springfield. — Dudley. — Deserted 21 June, 1865. 
Hall, Thomas. 24. Manchester, England. Bookkeeper. 

6 July, 1864. New York. — Lynn. — Deserted 31 June, 

1864. 
Horn, William F. 27. Germany. Cigar-maker. 20 July, 

1864. New York. — North Andover. — Deserted 1 1 Aug., 

1864. 
Levering, Silas. 33. Montreal, C.E. Laborer. 6 July, 

1864. Canada. — Amesbury. — Deserted 13 Aug., 1864. 
Ludescher, Louis. 37. Austria. Farmer. 4 May, 1864^ 

New York. — Pembroke. — Died 10 April, 1865. 
McCarthy, John. 21. Ireland. Farmer. 8 June, 1864. 

Boston. — Boylston. — Deserted 30 Aug., 1864; arrested 

2 Sept., 1864. In confineme*it. 
Miles, John F. ... — Transferred from C ; no further 

record. 



THE ENLISTED MEN SECOND TERM. 471 

Miller, John. 21. Switzerland. Laborer. 13 June, 
1864. France. — Chelsea. — Mustered out. 

Miner, Rosvvell E. 18. Lee, Mass. Farmer. 2G Jan., 
1864. Egremont. — P^gremont. — Mustered out. 

QuiNN, John. 23. Ireland. Boiler-maker. 3 June, 1864. 
Clifton, C.W. — Chelsea. — Prisoner, 5 Dec., 1864. Ab- 
sent sick, 26 July, 18C5, when mustered out. 

QuiXN, Thomas — " Recruit received " (July, 

1864). No further record. 

Smith, Peter. 34. Germany. Cook. 23 July, 1864. 
Philadelphia, Penn. — Chelsea. — In hospital since 10 
Aug., 1864. 

VoLMER, Frederick. 32. Germany- Farmer, 4 May, 
1864. Boston. — . . . — Mustered out. 

Wagner, John. 33. Germany. Steward. 23 July, 1864. 
New York. — Chelsea. — Deserted 11 Aug., 1864. 

WiLHELM, Eugene, 25. Prussia. Merchant. 16 May, 
1864. Boston. — Chelsea. — Mustered out. 

Williams, John. 31. Canada. ' Apothecary. 6 July, 
1864. Brockville, C.W. — Lynn. — Discharged for disa- 
bility, 3 March, 1865. 



THE NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 



S E RGE AN T-M A J R. 

Blake, George W. 39. Bradford, Mass. Shoemaker. 25 May, 1861. 
Boston. — A soldier in the United-States Army, serving in the 
Florida and Mexican wars ; in Florida, Second United-States Dra- 
goons ; in Mexico, cavalry and artillery. Sergeant-major, 25 May, 
1861. Discharged for disability, on surgeon's certificate, 8 May, 
1862. 

Mann, Albert W. — From F, which see. Sergeant-major, 10 May, 
1862 ; second lieutenant, 31 March, 1863. — See Commissioned Offi- 
cers. 

Richardson, Moses P. — From G, which see. Sergeant-major, 17 
July, 1863. Re-enhsted 31 Dec, 1863. Appointed second lieuten- 
ant in Fifty-fifth Massachusetts, 9 June, 1864, but declined. First 
lieutenant, to date from 24 May, 1864. — See Covimissioned Officers. 

Miles, William H. — From A, second term, which see. Sergeant- 
major, 15 July, 1864; first lieutenant, 15 April, 1865. — See Com- 
missioned Officers. 

Thurston, Thomas B. — From D, second term, which see. Sergeant- 
major, 1 July, 1865; second lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, but not 
mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers. Mustered out as sergeant- 
major, 26 July, 1865. 

QUARTERMASTER-SERGEANT. 
Ater, Henry H. 42. ... Cabinet-maker. 25 May, 1861. Med- 

field. — Acting quartermaster-sergeant, 25 May, 1861. Discharged, 

1 July, 1861. 
Fletcher, James H •. ... 1861. Of K. Boston. — 

Quartermaster-sergeant, 1 July, 1861, to Oct., 1861. Re-assigned to 

Comiiany K, Dec, 1861, which see. 



THE XON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. 473 

Bkowning, George F. — From C, which see. Quartermaster-sergeant, 
9 Oct., 1861; second lieutenant, 11 Feb., 1862. — See Commissioned 
Officers. 

BiNNEY, George L. — From H, whicli see. Was quartermaster's clerk 
from 11 May, 1861 ; quartermaster-sergeant, 15 March, 1862 ; 
second lieutenant, 10 Aug., 1862. — See Commissioned Officers. 

SrocKimiDGE, Lebbeus. — From K, which see. Master-wagoner from 
3 Jujy, 1861 ; quartermaster-sergeant, 1 Nov., 1862, to 1 April, 1863, 
Avhen absent in long-continued sickness. — See K again. 

Emkrson, Asa W. — From C, which see. Quai-termaster-sergeant, 
1 April, 1863. Re-enlisted. First lieutenant, 3 July, 1865, but not 
mustered in. — See Commissioned Officers. Mustered out as quarter- 
master-sergeant, 26 July, 1865. 

COMMISSARY-SERGEANT. 

Carll, Erastus B. 30. Unity, Me. Manufacturer. 11 May, 1861. 
Boston. — A soldier in the Fourth United-States Artillery, 1850-55. 
Commissary-sergeant, May, 1861 ; second lieutenant, 23 Oct., 1862. 
— See Commissioned Offiicers. 

Howes, Edwin A. — From F, which see. Commissary-sergeant, 8 
Dec, 1862. Re-enlisted. First lieutenant, 24 May, 1864. — See 
Commissioned Officeis. 

Casey, David. — From Company C, second term, which see. Com- 
missary-sergeant, " for long and meritorious services," 1 July, 1864 ; 
second lieutenant, 3 July, 1-865, but not mustered in. — See Com- 
missioned Ojjicers. Mustered out as commissary-sergeant, 26 July, 
1865. 

HOSPITAL STEWARD. 

Nutting, Joseph W. 29 ... Chemist. 25 May, 1861. Boston. — 
Hospital steward, 25 May, 1861. Died of consumption, 14 Jan., 
1863, at Quincy, Mass., while on furlough. 

Root, Warner A. — From G, which see. Hospital steward, 16 Feb., 
1863. Re-enlisted. Transferred to Regular Army as hospital stew- 
ard, 31 March, 1865. 

Kinsman, Frederick G. — From D, second term, which see. Hospital 
attendant from 27 Nov., 1861 ; hospital steward, 1 July, 1865. Mus- 
tered out as such, 26 July, 1865. 

TRINXTI'AL MUSICIANS. 
Kesseuiltii, Henry. 28. Brunswick, Germany. Musician. 25 
Alay, 1861. Boston. — Had served in the Brunswick army in the 
war of 1848. Drum-major, 25 May, 1861. Discharged, with regi- 
mental band, 16 Aug., 1862. 



474 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Spiegel, Charles. 35. Berlin, Prussia. Musician. 25 May, 1861. 
Maiden. — Band-leader, 25 May, 1861. Discharged, with regi- 
mental band, 16 Aug., 1862. 

Carll, Alonzo W. — From A, which see. Company musician in A, 
from 11 May, 1861 ; principal musician, 1 July, 1863. Mustered 
out as such, 26 July, 1865. 



II. 

COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 



George Henry Gordon, son of Robert and Elizabeth S. (Carlisle) 
Gordon, was born in Chai'lestown, Mass., 19 Jnl}^, 182i. Was at 
school at Framingham Academy ; appointed to West Point in 1842, 
and graduated in 1846. Brevet second lieutenant, 1 July, 184G, in the 
Mounted Rifles (Colonel Persifor F. Smith), and immediately sent to 
Mexico. Was engaged in all the battles of General Scott, ti-om Vera 
Cruz to the capital. Wounded at Cerro Gordo, and brevetted first 
lieutenant, 18 April, 1847, " for gallant and meritorious conduct in that 
action." Was severely wounded, after the fall of the city, near Vera 
Cruz. After recovery, he joined his regiment in Oregon, where it 
protected the settlers against the hostile Indians, and after one year it 
was sent to the frontier States, near the JNIississippi ; there, and on the 
prairies and at tlie Rocky Mountains, he served until 1853, when he 
was transferred to the Coast Survey, where he served a year. First 
lieutenant in August, 1853 ; resigned 31 Oct., 1864. Studied law at 
Cambridge Law School, and was admitted to practice in 1857. 

His assistance in preparing the three-months ti'oops has been de- 
scribed ; and his work in raising, organizing, and leading the Second 
Massachusetts Infantrj-, of which he was commissioned colonel, 24 
May, 1861. He was recommended, imanimously, by the Massachu- 
setts delegation in Congress, in August, 1861, for ajjpointment as brig- 
adier ; but did not receive it until he had compelled it by his energetic 
and skilful service in Banks's retreat, where he commanded a brigade, 
as he had for most of his term of service. He commanded the Third 
Brigade, First Division, Twelfth Corps, at Cedar Mountain, Pope's 
retreat, and Antietam. Early in 1863, his health failed. Partially 
recovering, he was placed in command of a division, and participated 



476 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

in the siege of Suffolk, and the movements, under General Dix, towards 
Richmond ; and afterwards, with his division, in the Army of the Po- 
tomac, in pursuit of Lee. Ordered (with his division) to join General 
Gilmore, ho served at Folly Island and vicinity. In July, 18G4, was sent 
to the Gulf, and was engaged on the Mississippi in keeping open com- 
munications with General Steele, in Arkansas ; and afterwards under 
General Granger, near Mobile, in connection with Farragut. Near the 
close of 1864, he was selected by General Grant, " knowing," wrote 
that general, " that no persuasion could make him swerve from duty," 
to command the district of East Virginia. He continued in that position 
— headquarters at Norfolk — until relieved, in 1865, in consequence of 
ill-health. Brevet major-general, 9 April, 1865; and mustered out, 
24 April, 1865. He was appointed, in 1866, United-States Marshal for 
Massachusetts. The history of the Second is a sufficient and enduring 
sketch of his military abilities. 

General Gordon was married, 16 June, 1864, to Miss Mary Eliza- 
beth, daughter of the late Benjamin H. Scott. 

George Leonard A>fDREws, son of Manasseh and Harriet (Leon- 
ard) Andrews, was born in Bridgewater, Mass., 31 Aug., 1828. Edu- 
cated in common and high schools, and graduated, in 1846, at the State 
Normal School, at Bridgewater, then under the care of Nicholas Til- 
linghast, a graduate of West Point. Being appointed to West Point, he 
graduated in 1851, at the head of his class ; brevetted second lieutenant, 
Engineer Corps, 1 July, 1851. He was assigned to duty as assistant 
to Colonel Thayer, then in charge of the construction of Fort Warren, 
in Boston Harbor, where he remained three years. In August, 1854, 
he was ordered to West Point, as acting Assistant Professor in the De- 
partment of Civil and Military Engineering, the Science of War, &c. 
The then small pay of an officer was insufficient to support a family, 
and he resigned, 1 Sept., 1855, to enter the service of the Araoskeag 
Manufacturing Company, N.H., as engineer, where he remained until 
1857. He then became, employed by the Government as a civil en- 
gineer. In 1860, and to the opening of the war, he was connected 
with a large business house in Boston. 

He was tendered, on the appearance of hostilities, a position as col- 
onel of one of the Massachusetts regiments, and also (from Washing- 
ton) the i^lace of paymaster, but preferred to accept the commission of 
lieutenant-colonel (24 May, 1861) of the Second. His influence in shap- 
ing the regiment, and his work as commander, are already described 
in this book. He commanded the regiment in Bank's retreat, Cedar 
Mountain, Pope's campaign, and Antietam. Appointed brigadier- 
general, 9 Nov., 1862, and assigned to duty with General Banks, then 
preparing for New Orleans, in which work he rendered good service. 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 477 

Was cliief-of-staff to General Banks for some period ; and was, after 
tlie reduction of Port Hudson, assigned to the organization and com- 
mand of the Corps d'Afrique, in whicli position liis abihties were of 
great value. He served in that department or vicinity until the close 
of tlic war. Was brevetted major-general, 26 March, 18G5 ; and was 
lionorably discharged, 24 Aug., 1865. 

He was married, 21 Dec, 1853, to Sara Bridge Fisk. Cliildren : 
Helen Bridge, born 27 Sept., 1851; Percy, born 23 Jan., 1857; Artimr 
Dearborn, born 16 May, 1860. 

Wilder Dwigiit, son of William and Elizabeth A. (White) 
Dwight, was born in Springfield, Mass., 23 April, 1833. Fitted for 
college at Phillips Academy, Exeter, N.H. ; and graduated at Harvard 
College, with high rank, in 1853. Entered the Law School the same 
year; but went to Europe in 1855, where he remained fifteen months. 
He read law in the offices of Caleb Cushing, Ebenezer K. Hoar, and 
Horace Gray, jun. ; was admitted to the bar in 1856, and began prac- 
tice in 1858. " After more than a score of years spent in courts," says 
Hon. J. G. Abbott, "almost living in them, ... I can only say, without 
being invidious to my friends around me, I never knew so young a 
person, in the wliole of my acquaintance, or in the whole length <m 
breadth of the Commonwealth, whose future had more promise than 
the future of Colonel Dwight." On the approach of M'ar, he resigned 
all his prospects. Early deliberating upon the best means of forming a 
regiment, his plans fell in with those of Colonel Gordon. His success in 
raising the regimental fund, his errand to the Secretary of War, and 
his efficiency in the formation of the regiment, have been described in 
earlier pages. He was appointed major, 24 May, 1861 ; lieutenant- 
colonel, 13 June, 1862. He commanded the rear-guard in the various 
skirmishes of tlie 24th of May, 1862. " Our major," wrote an officer, 
" has won for himself the heartfelt admiration of the regiment. His 
indomitable pluck and sangfroid were beautiiul." In passing through 
Winchester, he became a prisoner, while advancing to assist a woun- 
ded soldier ; but was soon paroled. He rejoined tiie regiment near 
Damascus, on the march to Antietam. He fell at Antietam, and died 
on the lytii of September, 1862. While mortally wounded, opening 
his eyes after a period of exhaustion, and finding the chaplain bending 
over him, he said, " It is all right, Mr. Chaplain, I know I am done for ; 
but I want you to understand I don't flinch a hair. I should like to live 
a few days, so as to see my father and mother. . . . But apart from 
tliat, if God calls for me this minute, I am ready to go." 

His genial (lualities, care of the men, coolness, endurance, and 
eminent ability, had won, equally, respect and affection. 

He was buried in Brookhne, six companies of the Massachusetts 
Forty-fourth doing escort duty. 



478 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

On the 24th of September, the members of the Suffolk Bar assem- 
bled in large numbers, on a call from Sydney Bartlett, Benjamin R. 
Curtis, Josiah G. Abbott, and Richard H. Dana, jun., who were ad- 
dressed by Mr. Abbott, Josiah Quincy, jun., Mr. Dana, F. E. Parker, 
and Horace Gray, jun., and adopted resolutions, which were presented 
at tlie October term of the Supreme Judicial Court, Mr. Justice Hoar 
presiding, by Hon. J. G. Abbott, who introduced his motion to enter 
them on the records, with appropriate remarks. 

The proceedings of the Bar, and at the term of Court, were pri- 
vately printed. A sketch of his life appears in the " Harvard Memo- 
rial," i. 271-293. 

Lucius Manlius Sargent, son of Lucius M. and Sarah C. (daugh- 
ter of Samuel Dunn), was born in Boston, Mass., 15 Sept., 1826. 
In 1844, he entered Harvard College, but ended liis connection in the 
second year. He received, however, the degree of A.M. with his 
class. Studying medicine, he graduated at the Harvard Medical 
School, in 1857. As a physician and surgeon, he was a man of rare 
promise. 

On the breaking out of the rebellion, he promptly offered his ser- 
ijces as surgeon of the Second, and was appointed 28 May, 1861. 
His fiiithfulness and success will long be remembered by the men of 
the regiment. He was offered the place of brigade-surgeon ; but 
resigned his medical commission, and accepted, 31 Oct., 1861, that of 
captain in the First Massachusetts Cavalry, under Colonel Robert 
Williams. Long before he became a field-officer, it was said that " no 
more thoroughly exact soldier, in the theory of regimental cavalry 
tactics and evolutions, existed out of the French service." In recon- 
noissance, the lamented General Stevens esteemed him as of the first 
among volunteers. 

He was promoted major, 2 Jan., 18G4 ; lieutenant-colonel, 30 Sept., 
1864. Was severely wounded, near the region of the heart, at Aldie, 
17 June, 1863, and left for dead upon the field. But he returned to 
service after a few weeks' absence, with his wound unhealed. At 
Bellfield, Va., 9 Dec, 1864, " in a most gallant charge, contributing in 
an eminent degree to the success of the late movement," says General 
Davies, he fell in front of his column, " sword in hand," and in two 
hours expired. 

Colonel Sargent was married, 22 Sept., 1847, to Letitia Sullivan, 
daughter of Jonathan Amory, Esq., of Jamaica Plain. She and four 
children surviA^e him. 

An obituary was published in the " Boston Advertiser," 20 Dec, 
1864, and one in the " Harvard Memorial," i. 142-146. 

Francis Leland, son of Joseph P. and Tryphena (daughter of Dr. 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 479 

Abijah Eicharrlson, a surgeon in the Kcvolutionary army), was born in 
Sherborn; Mass. Graduated at Brown University in 1838. Studied 
medicine at the Tremont Medical Scliool, and graduated M.D., Har- 
vard, 1842, and commenced practice in Milford, wlierc he still resides. 
He was appointed surgeon in the Second, 11 Oct., 1861. AVas himself 
wounded in tiie head, wliile attending to the wounded on tlie field of 
battle at Cedar Mountain. He soon returned to duty, but subsequent 
impaired health proved inade(iuate, and he resigned 2-i Oct., 1862. 
His kindness, faithfulness, and skill are gratefully remembered. 

Lincoln Ripley Stone was born in Bridgeton, Me., 5 Aug., 
1832; son of (Rev.) Thomas T. and Laura (Poor) Stone. Studied 
medicine with Dr. William Mack, of Salem ; graduated M.D., Har- 
vard, in 1854, and practised in Salem. Was commissioned assistant- 
surgeon in the Second, June 1, 1861, and immediately went to Camp 
Andrew. In August, 1861, he was temporarily detached to the hos- 
pital at Hagerstown. Was in charge of the large hospital at Fred- 
erick, Md., in the winter of 1861-62. When Banks was at Harris- 
burg, he was in charge of the hospital (built by the rebels) at Mount 
Jackson, and afterwards at Strasburg. When Jackson entered Win- 
chester, Dr. Stone became a prisoner, remaining at the post of du*y. 
His brave conduct at Antietam insured Ids promotion, which was 
dated Nov. 7, 1862. When Shaw left the Second to become colonel of 
the Fifty-fourth Massachusetts, Surgeon Stone was transferred to that 
regiment, and was on duty in the events when Shaw fell. He was 
afterwards appointed assistant-surgeon of volunteers, and surgeon of 
volunteers, 3 Dec., 1863, and was placed in charge of different hospi- 
tals until the close of the war. He was mustered out in 1865. 

He was married, 17 Feb., 1864, to Harriet Hodges, of Salem. 

William Henry Heath, son of Douglas M. and Rebecca 
(Currier) Heatli, was born in Epsom, N.H., 19 IMarch, 1829. Read 
medicine with Dr. Edward Moore, of Boston, and graduated M.D., 
Harvard, in 1853. Commenced practice, in 1854, in Stoneham, Mass. 

When news came tliat both the surgeons were made prisoners in 
Banks's retreat, Dr. Heath was summoned to Boston by the surgeon- 
general. He consented to leave that afternoon, and did so without 
returning to his home. He joined near Bartonsville, 3 June, 1862, 
and soon accepted, 27 July, 1862, the place of second assistant-sur- 
geon. He was appointed surgeon, 24 April, 1863. He served with 
great faithfulness and zeal, being distinguished as a very careful and 
skilful operator. His health failed before Atlanta, in consequence of 
his untiring attention to duty. He was sent back to hospital on Look- 
out IMouutain, and died 23 Aug., 1864. He was buried at Stoneham, 
Mass. 



480 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

He was married, 22 Aug., 1861, to Delia Maria Belknap, of Stone- 
ham. 

Alonzo Hall Quint, onl}' son of George and Sally W. (Hall) 
Quint, was born in Barnstead, N.H., 22 March, 1828. Fitted for 
college at Franklin Academy, Dover, N.H. ; graduated Dartmouth, 
1846; studied medicine a year and a half; entered Andover Theo- 
logical Seminary in 1849, graduated in 1852, and remained a year for 
further study. Was ordained pastor of the Mather (Trinitarian Con- 
gregational) Church at Jamaica Plain, West Roxbury, Mass., 27 Dec, 
1853. Was member of the State Board of Education, 1855 to 1861 ; 
member of the Massachusetts Historical Society, New-England His- 
toric-Genealogical Society, and corresponding member of New- 
Hampshire and New-York Historical Societies. Early in June, 1861, 
was appointed chaplain of the Second, for which his church gave him 
leave of absence for two years. Was commissioned 20 June. Was se- 
verely sick in 1863, in consequence of " exposure in the line of duty," 
from which he did not recover completely, though returning in Au- 
gust. In the Atlanta camimign, partly by advice of surgeon, and 
partly from other considerations, availed himself of the opportunity to 
be mustered out. Was settled over the North Congregational Church, 
New Bedford, Mass., 21 July, 1864. Received the degree of D.D., 
from Dartmouth, in 1866. 

Mr. Quint was married 31 Jan., 1864, to Rebecca P., daughter of 
Allen Putnam, Esq., of Salem. Children : George Putnam, born 
21 Oct., 1854, died 15 Nov., 1855; Clara Gadsden, born 23 July, 1858 ; 
Wilder Dwight, born 15 Nov., 1863. 

James Wightman, son of Joseph Wightman (Mayor of George- 
town, Prince-Edward Island), was born in Georgetown, Prince-Ed- 
ward Island, 1 April, 1840. He came to Boston in 1858 ; read medi- 
cine with Dr. Campbell, of East Boston, and graduated at Harvard 
Medical School in 1862. He was appointed second assistant-surgeon 
in the Second, 19 March, 1862, and joined for duty on tlie 28th. In 
the battle of Chancellorsville he did faithful service ; and after it, was 
assigned to duty at Acquia Creek hospital, where his unremitting la- 
bors, added to the previous exposures, induced typhoid fever, of which 
he died, at Washington, 15 June, 1863. 

William Nichols, Jun., son of (Dr.) William and Rebecca (Dona- 
hoe) Nichols, was born in Boston, Mass., 10 Dec, 1840. Fitted for 
college at Boston Latin School, and Brookline High School ; but his 
health failing, went to Fayal. He read medicine with Dr. Josiah 
Curtis, of Boston, and took his degree at Harvard in 1861. Was em- 
ployed in medical service with the army from 10 April, 1862, to 20 
April, 1863 ; was appointed assistant-surgeon in the Second, 5 May, 




liE^oiX. 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 481 

18G3. He served at Gettysburg, with great bravery and zeal ; and in 
tlie campaigns to Atlanta (on the field at llesaca) and Savannah. He 
was appointed surgeon, 27 Sept., 18G4, but accepted instead the posi- 
tion of surgeon of the Third Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, 9 l^ec, 
18G4, with which he served, as well as in charge of medical service in 
the forts about Washington, until he was mustered out, 18 Sept., 
1865. 

Curtis Emt:rson Munn, son of ApoUos and Elmira Munn, was 
born in Windsor, Vt., 2 Feb., 1836. Was civil engineer, but studied 
medicine with Dr. James Holland, Westfield, Mass., and graduated at 
Harvard Medical School in 1863. Was appointed assistant-surgeon, 
Twenty-seventh Massachusetts, 3 July, 1863; surgeon in the Second, 
5 Dec, 1864, joining at Savannaii. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 

Charles Wheaton, Jun., was born in Warren, E.I., 31 May, 

1835 ; son of Charles and (....) Wheaton. He was 

educated at the Collegiate Institute, in Warren, and had entered on 
mercantile business in Boston, Mass., when the war commenced. He 
was appointed adjutant, being commissioned first-lieutenant May 28, — 
some time after having entered upon his duties at Camp Andrew. 
Declining promotion in the line, he continued to be adjutant, until de- 
tailed upon the staff of General Gordon in early summer in 1862. 
Being appointed commissary of subsistence, with the rank of captain, 
17 July, 1862, he was assigned to duty with General Gordon; he was 
afterwards chief-commissary of General Weitzel's Corps, and entered 
Richmond with that General. With him, also, he went to Texas. 
He served until the end of the war. 

Robert Morris Copeland, son of Benjamin F. and Julia (Rug- 
gles) Copeland, was born in Roxburj', Mass., 11 Dec, 1880. Was in 
business when why approached. Appointed quartermaster of the Sec- 
ond about 22 April, 1861 ; commissioned 28 May. Obtained Brook 
Farm, West Roxbury, for camp ground, and had the entire work of 
procuring supplies, &c. His unwearied and faithful industry, together 
with liis business ability', proved of great use. In August, 1861, he was 
detailed as aide to General Banks ; and, 27 Nov., appointed assistant 
aujutaiit-gcncral, with rank of Major. He served with General Banks 
while he remained in service. At the battle of Kernstown, in March, 
1862, his gallantry was conspicuous. His strong sympathies with the 
movements against slavery led him to seek a transfer to the command 
of General Hunter; but, on the 6th of August, 1862, he was suddenly 
dismissed the service, by order of the Secretary of War, on the alleged 
ground of having " violated an important trust ; " a charge which 
Senator Sumner, after full examination, pronounced unjust. All 

31 



482 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

eflTorts to obtain a hearing, tliough aided by Governor Andrew and 
some of the most eminent citizens of Massaclmsetts, failed. " His 
fellow-citizens knew him too well to believe him guilty of dishonorable 
conduct." That the charge was unjust, appears perfectly clear. A 
full account is given in a pamphlet. 

He was married, 29 June, 18-54:, to Josephine Gannett Kent. Chil- 
dren : Frederick Kent, born 22 Aug., 1855; Kobert Morris, born 29 
Aug., 1857, died 9 Sept., 1858; Ella Bradford, born 30 Nov., 1858; 
Kobert James, born 8 Jan., 18G1 ; Josephine Eussell, born 28 Sept., 
1865, died 22 May, 1866. 

IFkancis Henry Tuckee, son of William (late of Boston) and 
Mary Ann (Kirkly) Tucker, was born in Boston, Mass., 28 Feb., 
1830. Removed to St. Louis, Mo., in 1815 ; was in business there 
until March, 1861. Captain in the Second, 24 May, 1861; resigned 
12 Dec, 1861. 

Gkeely Stevenson Curtis, son of James F. and ...(...) 
Curtis, was born in Boston, Mass., 21 Nov., 1830. Was in the public 
Latin School two years, and a year and a half in the Scientific School 
at Cambridge. Engineer from 1848 to 1851 ; and subsequently in 
California, the East Indies, and Canada. Captain, 24 May, 1861 ; 
major in the First Massachusetts Cavalry, 31 Oct., 1861 ; lieutenant- 
colonel, 30 Oct., 1862. He was in command of that regiment in the 
action at Kelley's Ford, 17 March, 1863, and in the various actions 
and movements 'up to the middle of July. Disability, from disease, 
forced him to resign, 4 March, 1864. 

James Savage, jun., only son of (Uon.) James and Elizabeth Otis 
(Stillraan) Savage, was born in Boston, Mass., 21 April, 1832. Fitted 
for college at the Boston Latin School, and graduated at Harvard in 
1854. After passing a year in Europe, being in poor health, he settled 
upon a farm, in Ashby, Mass. At the first shot, he determined to 
enter the service ; and becoming associated witli Colonel Gordon, began 
to enlist Company D. Captain, 24 May, 1861 ; rendered good service 
with Company D in Banks's retreat, botli on the road and as skir- 
mishers, on tlie 25th of May. Major, 13 June, 1862. In the battle of 
Cedar Mountain, his horse was shot under him ; and, very soon after, 
he was wounded by the flank fire of the enemy, being struck by two 
balls, one of which broke the upper bone of the right arm near the 
shoulder, and the other shattered the lower bone of the right leg. He 



1 From this point, the names occur in the order of rank, except that first lieu- 
tenants AYheaton and Copeland (adjutant and quartermaster) were understood to 
follow the original ten captains. The rank, on the regimental books, was determined 
by date of muster, not date of commission. 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 483 

was taken prisoner, and carried first to a farm-liouse in tlie neighbor- 
hood, and afterwards to a hospital in Charlottesville, wliere his brother- 
in-law. Professor William B. Kogers, had formerly resided, as professor 
in the University, and where attached friends were not unmindful of 
the claims and duties of that friendship. The nature of his wounds 
made it necessary' that both the arm and the leg should be ampu- 
tated : upon the latter the operation was successfully performed, and 
that upon the former was delayed till the exhausted system might 
gain strength enough to bear the new drain upon its energies. At 
first, the symptoms were favorable, but it proved that his system could 
not meet the demands which were made upon it, and he died, 22 Oct., 
1802. His promotion to the rank of lieutenant-colonel took place after 
he was made a prisoner, on 17 Sept., 1862. 

All wlio knew him can appreciate the following extract from the 
" Boston Advertiser : " — 

" He was as gentle as he was brave. He had a heart of feminine 
tenderness, and a character of feminine purity. He shrank from no 
danger or exposure himself; but he was always thoughtful and consid- 
erate for others. He was a fine combination of the gentleman, the 
Christian, and the soldier, carrying into tlie profession of arras, and 
maintaining, amid scenes of blood and violence, the high sense of 
duty, the disinterestedness, the elevated tone, which ensure confidence 
and respect in the avocations of peace." 

A sketch of his life is given in " Harvard Memorial," i. pp. 328- 
350. 

Edward Gardiner Abbott, son of (Hon.) Josiah G. and Caroline 
(Livermore) Abbott, was born in Lowell, Mass., 29 Sept., 1840. Was 
fitted for college at Lowell Higli School, and graduated at Harvard in 
1860. He commenced reading law with Samuel A. Brown, Esq., of 
Lowell. The day after the attack of the Baltimore mob upon the Sixth 
regiment, he commenced raising a company in Lowell, which was im- 
mediately filled, and organized under the militia laws. His company 
was the first to go to Camp Andrew, — on 11 May, 1861. Commission 
dated, 21 May. He was actively engaged in the skirmishes and 
battle of " Banks's Retreat." His company was engaged as skir- 
mishers at Cedar Mountain, where he was killed, 9 Aug., 1862, by 
a ball striking him in the neck. His body was sent home for burial. 
The funeral services took place in Emanuel Church, Boston, 17 
Aug., 1862. The exercises at the church consisted of the usual 
Episcopal burial-service, conducted by Rev. Dr. Edson, of Lowell, 
and Rev. Charles Grafton, of Baltimore ; with a few touching remarks 
on the virtues of the deceased, by his old pastor. Dr. Edson. A dele- 
gation of the city government of Lowell was present, having arrived 



484 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

by a special train from Lowell. At the reqiiest of many friends, the 
parents of the deceased consented to have the remains buried at 
Lowell. 

The whole population of Lowell, and many from surroimding towns, 
turned out to witness the funeral cortege, and to pay the last tribute 
of respect to one who, in the flush of manhood, tendered his services 
to the government in the first hour of her danger, and gallantly per- 
formed his duty until the fatal bullet deprived the country of one of 
her bravest sons. Of fine abilities, brave, manly, and true, his loss 
was greatly deplored. 

In « addition to appreciative notices published in the Boston and 
Lowell newspapers, a sketch of his hfe is given in " Harvard Memo- 
rial," ii. pp. 82-96. 

Samuel Miller Quincy, son of (Hon.) Josiah Quincy, jun., and 
Mary Jane (Miller) Quincy, was born in Boston, Mass., 13 June, 
1833. Fitted for college in the school of W. H. Brooks, and gradu- 
ated at Harvard in 1852. Read law in the ofiice of P. W. Chandler, 
and was admitted to practice in 1855. Was one of the editors (with 
Hon, John Lowell) of the " Law Reporter." In 1861, he was a member 
of the House of Representatives, from Ward 4, Boston ; and it was 
during this service that he was commissioned as captain, 24 May. 
At the battle of Cedar Mountain, he was wounded in two places ; the 
wound in the foot proved severe, and permanently injurious. He was 
taken prisoner at the same time, was carried to Stanton, and then 
to Libby Prison, Richmond, where he endured hardships which, with 
his wound, severely taxed his strength. Paroled, he arrived in Wash- 
ington in October, 1862, but he was entirely unable to return to duty 
until 6 March, 1863. He was a captain when he had last seen the 
regiment; he returned — such had been the losses — as colonel, hav- 
ing been promoted major, 17 Sept., 1862, and colonel, 9 Nov., 1862. 
Commanded the regiment in the Chancellorsville campaign and battle, 
and returned with it to Stafford Court-house. But the hardships of 
that movement satisfied him that he had, in his earnestness, entirely 
over-estimated his strength, — weakened by the wounds from which 
he still suffered, and by his captivity. Unwilling to retain a posi- 
tion whose duties he could not fully disch.arge, and in the hope of 
obtaining a staff position, where he could be useful with less hard- 
ship, till he should regain his health, he resigned the colonelcy, 2 June, 

1863. He was appointed lieutenant-colonel of the Seventy-third 
United-States Colored Troops, 20 Oct., 1863, and detailed as inspector 
on the staff of General Andrews, at Port Hudson. Colonel, 21 May, 

1864, and transferred (by consolidation) to the Ninety -sixth ; and, on 
the muster-out of that regiment, colonel of the Eighty-first United- 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 485 

States Colored Troops, 5 Jan., 18GG. On 13 March, 1865, he was 
brevetted brigadier-general, " for gaUant and meritorious services dur- 
ing the war." 

Richard Gary, youngest cliild of (Hon.) Thomas Graves and Mary 
(Perkins) Gary, was born in Boston, Mass., 27 June, 1835, — and named 
for Colonel Richard Gary, who served on the staff of General Wash- 
ington. Was educated at the Boston Latin School. At seventeen, he 
was sent South for his health, and formed, in Mobile, Ala., pleasant 
relations, which led him, a few years later, to select that city for his 
residence. 25 Oct., 1858, he was married to Helen Eugenia, daughter 
of Pliilo S. Shelton, Esq., of Boston, and returned to Mobile, where 
he had entered into the firm of D. A. Dwight & Co., commission- 
merchants. In 1860, he left this firm, and commenced business for 
himself in New Orleans. He returned North in March, 1861, and 
entered the service as soon as possible. Captain in the Second, 24 
May, 1861, in command of Company G. He served in Banks's re- 
treat, and at Cedar Mountain, where, 9 Aug., 1862, he was mortally 
wounded. He lived until the following day, lying upon the field in 
the hands of the enemy, but watched by the faithful Williston, first 
sergeant of his company, also mortally wounded. He died without 
pain. His body was sent home, and buried from Trinity Church, 18 
Aug., 1862. The bod}', which was hermetically sealed in a metallic 
coffin, enclosed in a casket, was borne to the church from the resi- 
dence of Mr. Quincy Sliaw, No. 26, Mount- Vernon Street. The casket 
was draped with tlie American flag. The burial service of the Epis- 
copal Church was read, after which the minister made a brief address. 
The remains M-ere buried at Moimt Auburn. No person in the Second 
enjoyed more respect than tliis inanly, honorable, and capable officer. 

William Cogswell, son of George (M.D.j and Abigail (Parker) 
Cogswell, was born in Bradford, Mass., 23 Aug., 1838. Fitted for 
college at Kimball Union Academy, Plainfield, N.H., and at Phillips 
Academy, Andover, Mass. Entered Dartmouth in 1855, but left in 
1856. Went to sea, and was gone fifteen months. Began to read law 
in 1858, and received the degree of LL.B., at Cambridge, in 1860 ; 
admitted to practice in 1860, and opened an office in Salem. On the 
morning of 20 April, 18(Jl, he began to recruit a company, which was 
speedily filled, and went into camp on Winter Island on the 22d. 
May 14, it arrived at Camp Andrew, as part of the Second. His 
commission was dated May 24. In Banks's retreat, his services, and 
those of Company C, have been mentioned. In the autumn of 1862, 
he was in command of the regiment ; and, on the 23d of October, he 
was promoted from captain to lieutenant-colonel. At Sharpsburg, his 
expedition over the river has been referred to. At the battle of Chan- 



488 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INF^iNTRT. 

Fitted for college in the school of Thomas G. Bradford, of Boston, 
and graduated at Harvard in 1860. He immediately began an educa- 

^tion for manufacturing ; but, on the approach of the war, he was active 
in raising a company, obtaining many men in Lynn and Swampscott, 
near his father's home in the summer. First lieutenant, 28 May, 
1861 ; captain, 8 July. x\t Winchester he was wounded in the leg. 
He was hit by a bullet at Antietam, which pierced all his clotliing 
and cut the skin, but did not disable him. Major, 9 Nov., 1862, and 
lieutenant colonel, 6 June, 1863. After Colonel Quincy's resignation, 
and in the absence of Lieutenant-colonel Cogswell in consequence of 
wounds, he was in command of the regiment, and as such led it in the 
action near Brandy Station, 9 June, and at Gettysburg. Its history at 
that place is already given. It was after saying, " It's murder ; but 
it's the order," he bravely led the regiment onward. But, halfway 
across the meadow, he fell dead. His body was sent home, and buried 
in the cemetery at Lynn, after a funeral service in Emanuel Church, 
Boston (Rev. Dr. Huntington officiating), where he had been con- 
firmed a few months previous. Not twenty-four years of age, but 
manly, and judicious, and of course brave. A valuable memorial was 
privately jirinted, and a sketch appears in " Harvard Memorial," ii. 
151-162. 

* William Blackstonb Williams, son of Moses and Mary (daugh- 
ter of Thomas Blake, an officer of the Kevolutionary army), was 
born in Boston, Mass., 18 Sept., 1830; removing to Jamaica Plain in 
1832. Educated at the public schools, and in drawing and mathe- 
matics under private teachers. Studied a year in the office of Mr. 
Whitney, civil engineer ; was employed on the Western Railroad, and 
assistant-engineer on the Cleveland and Columbus Railroad, where 
he continued until 1850, wlien he was selected as one of tlie corps of 
engineers to survey a railway route across the Isthmus of Tehuante- 
pec, in which he crossed from ocean to ocean. After a year, the sur- 
vey was abandoned ; he returned, and engaged with others in building 
sections of the Maysville and Big-Shanty Road ; and then as a con- 
tractor on the Mobile and Ohio Road. After finishing his contracts, he 
went to Europe in 1858, where he spent a year and a half. Soon after 
his return, the rebellion broke out. He entered the service as first 
lieutenant, commissioned 28 May, 1861, Company E. He was in 
Banks's retreat, and at Cedar Mountain, where he was killed, 9 Aug., 
1862. Generous and upright, cool, reflective, sagacious, resolute in 
purpose, courageous, it was no common loss, as a man and an officer. 
His remains were sent home, and buried, 17 Aug. 

Said the " Boston Journal " of the 18th of August : " The funeral 
services of this brave and popular officer, who fell at the battle of Cedar 




>-w^^ 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 489 

Mountain, were observed in the Unitarian Cliurcli at Jamaica Plain, 
yesterday afternoon. Tlie otlier cliurches were closed, out of respect 
to the deceased. The casket, draped with the American flag and 
covered with the most exquisite flowers, rested upon a table in front 
of the pulpit. Over the casket was placed Captain Williams's sword, 
on which was a beautiful cross of white flowers, with the hilt just 
visible at the top. The pulpit was also draped with the national flag. 
The services were conducted by Rev. Dr. Thompson, the pastor, 
who gave a discourse [printed] in which the character, life, and death 
of Captain Williams were dwelt upon, and an appreciative considera- 
tion given to the cause, objects, and results of the war, in which so 
many brave lives are sacriflced. After the services, the remains were 
borne to Forest-Hills Cemetery." 

" In whom," well said Dr. Thompson, " all the elements of genu- 
ine manliness were mixed in due proportion, and compacted into a 
stature — physical, intellectual, and moral — of rare beauty and com- 
pleteness ; a soldier worthy of his name, without a stain upon his life 
to make his father sad or ashamed. Born to the prospective inheri- 
tance of ample wealth, he scorned the indolent efleminacy which such 
a condition too often induces. Though opposed to the political party 
which brought the Administration into power, yet he saw at a glance 
that there was but one course for a patriot like himself to take ; and 
that was, to devote his energies and his life, without reserve or stint, 
to the defence and preservation of the national existence thus auda- 
ciously imperilled." 

Henuy Sturgis Russell, son of George R. and Sarah (daughter 
of Robert G. Shaw) Russell, was born in Dorchester, Mass., 21 June, 
1838. Fitted for college under the care of Epes S. Dixwell, and 
graduated at Harvard in 18G0. First lieutenant, 28 May, 1861 ; cap- 
tain, 13 Dec, 1861. He was taken prisoner at Cedar Mountain, 
9 Aug., 1862. Was appointed colonel of the Fifth IMassachusetts 
Cavalr}', 5 April, 1864, and served in Virginia. He was wounded, in 
the shoulder, at Bailor's farm, before Petersburg, Va., 15 June, 1864. 
Was honorably discharged, 1-5 Feb., 1865. Was married, 6 ^lay, 
1863, to Mary Hathaway, daughter of John M. Forbes. Children: 
James Savage, born 8 March, 1864 ; Ellen Forbes, born 30 Dec, 
18G5. 

Marcus Morton Hawes, son of William and Maria (daughter of 
Governor Marcus Morton) Hawes, was born in New Bedford, Mass., 
23 Sept., 1836. Removed to Boston in 1844. Fitted for college in the 
Boston Latin School and in the care of Epes S. Dixwell, and gradu- 
ated at Harvard in 1858. He was in commission business until the 
war. First lieutenant, 24 May, 1861. Was acting-quartermaster, 12 



490 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Aug., 18G1, and appointed to tliat place, Nov. 27. On the 31st of 
March, 1862, lie was acting brigade-commissary, and was appointed 
assistant-qnartermastcr, with the rank of captain, 17 July, 1862. He 
was with General Gordon mitil November, when lie was assigned to 
duty with General Andrews, then about to go South in the expedition 
of General Banks. He assisted in the preparations at New York, and 
went to New Orleans in January, 1863. Was subsequently assigned 
to duty with the chief quartermaster, and served until February, 1865, 
when his resignation was accepted. He remained in business in New 
Orleans. 

George Pemberton Bangs, son of George P. (late of Boston) 
and Elizabeth (Simpkins) Bangs, was born in Boston, Mass., 29 July, 
1885. Fitted for college under a private tutor, and entered Amherst ; 
but removed to the Scientific School at Cambridge, where he studied 
a year. In 1855-56, he sailed to California and the East Indies ; and 
in 1857 travelled in Europe. First lieutenant in the Second ; com- 
missioned, 28 May, 1861; captain, 13 June, 1862; wa.s in the battles 
of Winchester, Cedar Mountain, and Antietam ; but resigned 29 
March, 1863, on account of continued disease, contracted in the line 
of duty. 

William Dwigiit Sedgavick, only son of Charles and Elizabeth 
(Dwiglit) Sedgwick, was born in Lenox, Mass., 27 June, 1831. Fit- 
ted for college, — one year at a French school in New York, and at 
Stockbridge and Lenox ; and graduated at Harvard in 1851. He spent 
tlie winter in a law office ; then went to Europe, where he remained 
seventeen months, studying at the universities of Gottingen and Bres- 
lau ; returning, spent a j-ear at the Cambridge Law School, and com- 
menced practice in St. Louis, Mo. He returned to enter the service ; 
first lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861. Ordnance officer of the 
division, 14 Aug. ; was appointed assistant adjutant-general, with 
the rank of captain, 16 Sept., 1861, and placed on the staff of Gen- 
eral Sedgwick, with whom he served with distinguished ability. He 
was promoted major, 7 Aug., 1862. In the battle of Antietam, he 
was mortally wounded, dying 29 Sept., at Keedysville. 

He married, in 1857, at Hanover, German}', Louisa Frederica, 
daughter of Professor A. Tellkampf, of that i)Iace. 

A sketch of his life appears in " Harvard Memorial," i. 179-189. 

Charles Fessenden IMorse, son of Robert M. and Sarah M. 
(daughter of Fessenden Clarke) Morse, was born in Boston, Mass., 
22 Sept., 1839. Graduated at the Cambridge Scientific School (B. S.) 
in 1857, and for three j'ears was occupied as architect. He took an 
active part in the formation of the Second ; first lieutenant, 28 May, 
1861. Either with the regiment or on staff of a general officer, he 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 491 

was in every action of the regiment. Captain, 11 July, 18G2; major, 
6 June, 18G3; lieutenant-colonel, 4 July, 18G3. Was provost-marshal 
of the Twelfth Corps in the Chanccllorsville campaijin, and was pres- 
ent with General Slocum at Chancellor House ; and held the same 
position until the consolidation of the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps, early 
in 186i. Wiien that took place, he returned to the regiment, of which 
he was repeatedly in command ; on the campaign to\^ards Atlanta, 
and from 16 Jan., 1865, the time of Colonel Cogswell's brevet as brig- 
adier, he continued in command. As such, lie was in the battle of 
Averysborough, IG March, 18G4, where he was seriously wounded in the 
shoulder. He led home the regiment in June, 1865. Commissioned 
colonel, by the Governor, 24 July, 18G5; and was brevetted colonel 
by the President, " for gallant and meritorious service, during the 
recent campaigns in Georgia and the Carolinas, a colonel of volun- 
teers by brevet, to rank as such from the 13th day of March, a.d. 
186.5." \ 

Thomas Lawrexce Motley, son of Thomas and Maria B. (Davis) 
Motley, was born in Boston, Mass., 23 Sept., 1835. Was two years 
on a voyage to China. At the breaking out of the war, went to Fort 
Independence, as a member of the New-England Guards. First lieu- 
tenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861. Dec. 25, 1861, he was com- 
missioned captain in the First Massachusetts Cavalry ; was promoted 
to be major, 5 March, 18G2. He was severely wounded in right 
leg and the right arm, at Ashland, Va., 11 May, 1864, in Sheridan's 
movement; he has never entirelj' recovered the use of his arm. 
Was appointed assistant adjutant-general, with the rank of major; 
and mustered out, 1 Sept., 1866. 

Edwin Ruthven Hill, son of Benjamin and Anstiss Peirce (Lane) 
Hill, was born in Salem, IVIass., 18 April, 1826. He served in the war 
with Mexico, and there contracted disease which never entirely left 
him. First lieutenant (Company C), 28 May, 1861. Resigned from 
disability, 29 Nov., 1861. Upon partial recovery, he served, in the 
Salem Cadets, six months at Fort Warren, Boston Harbor. He after- 
wards enlisted in the Fourth Massachusetts Cavalry, and was com- 
missioned 21 Sept., 1864. He fell in action, 9 Dec, 1864. 

The "Boston Transcript" said: "First lieutenant Edwin B. Hill, 
Fifty -fifth Massachusetts (and acting aide on the second brigiTde staff), 
was killed near the Charleston and Savannah Railroad, on the 9th 
instant, by a shot through the thigh, severing the artery, and caus- 
ing hemorrhage that proved fatal before a surgeon could be procured, 
Lieutenant Hill being at the very front. A correspondent writes from 
Hilton Head that this young ofKcer was 'formerly a lieutenant in the 
old Second Massachusetts, where he maintained a high reputation, 



492 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

resigning from ill-health. lie afterwards recovered, and enlisted in 
the Fourth Massachusetts Cavalry'. While serving in this capacity, 
on Folly Island, he met, in the Fifty-fifth Massachusetts, some of his 
old friends of the Second, by whose influence he was recommended 
to the Government for a commission. He was mustered as first lieu- 
tenant the very day on which the regiment left Hilton Head on the 
expedition, and in the action at Honey Hill he was very efficient, 
acting as aide-de-camp in the hottest of the fire. He was knocked off 
from his horse by the concussion of a shell and somewhat injured 
in this action, but returned to the front. Lieutenant Hill was a man of 
quiet, dignified manners, and fine military judgment and experience. 
His career in the Fifty-fifth was brief, but it leaves a glorious record, 
which will be tenderly cherished by his companions in arms.' " 

Mr. Hill was married, G Sept., 1852, to Abby E. H. Kinsley, of 
Salem, and left children. 

Harrison Gray Otis Weymouth, son of Stephen and Sarah 
Curtis (Cornor) Weymouth, was born in Chnton, Me., 16 Aug., 1840. 
Resided in Lowell. First lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861 ; 
resigned, 2 July, 1861 ; captain in the Nineteenth Massachusetts, 
3 Aug., 1861, and served until 4 April, 1863, when he was discharged 
for disability, having lost his left leg at the battle of Fredericksburg, 
13 Dec, 1862, while in command of the regiment. Was appointed 
major in the First United-States Volunteer Infantry, a regiment 
recruited from rebel prisoners at Point Lookout; and served as such 
until the regiment was mustered out, 27 Nov., 1865. 

EoBEKT Gould Siiaw, jun., son of Francis George (now of New 
York) and Sarah B. (Sturgis) Shaw, was born in Boston, Mass., 10 
Oct., 1837. Was educated at St. John's College, Fordham ; Neu- 
chatel, Switzerland; and Hanover, Germany; and three yeai's in 
Harvard College, in the Class of 1860, which he left to enter the house 
of H. P. Sturgis & Co., New York. He served as private in the New- 
York Seventh, when it was summoned to Washington in the spring of 
1861. Second lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861; first lieu- 
tenant, 8 July, 1861 ; captain, 10 Aug., 1862. At the battle of Cedar 
Mountain, he was aide to General Gordon, who ofiicially mentioned 
his " labors and coolness." Captain Shaw was selected to command 
the first regiment of colored troops, and was accordingly commis- 
sioned major of the Fifty-fourth jMassachusetts, 31 March, 1863, and 
colonel, 17 April, 1863. His history from that time to his fall at 
Wagner, is national. He was killed 18 July, 1863, and buried where 
he fell. 

In addition to ] rivate record, a sketch appears in " Harvard Me- 
morial," ii. 183-211. 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 493 

IIknry Lee Higginson, son of George and Mary Cabot (Lee) 
Higginson, was born in New York, 18 Nov., 1834. Soon after his 
birtli, his parents removed to Boston. Fitted for college at Boston 
Latin School, and graduated at Harvard in 1851. Went to Europe in 
1852, and remained a year and a lialf. After some time in the count- 
ing-room of a mercantile house, he again went to Europe, in 1856, 
and remained until 1860. On the 28lh of May, 1861, second lieuten- 
ant in the Second ; first lieutenant, July 8. Appointed captain in the 
First Massachusetts Cavalry, 31 Oct., 1861 ; major, 26 March, 1862; 
but left the service, 9 Aug., 1864, on account of continued disability 
from disease. 

OcHR.VN Hanks Howard, son of Benjamin and Mary (Sturtcvant) 
Howard, was born in Ware, Mass., 19 Oct., 1838. AVas in the Naval 
Academy, 1857 to 1861. Second lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 
1861 ; first lieutenant, 17 Sept., 1861 ; captain, 10 Aug., 1862. Was 
detached on service in the Signal Corps, 27 Aug., 1861, and never 
returned ; and was transferred to that corps when organized, 12 Sept., 
1863, to rank from 3 March, 1863. He was in the Fort Eoyal expe- 
dition ; served in the special commands of Sherman, Hunter, Gilmore, 
and others ; with Grant at Vicksburg ; and in every rebel State except 
Texas. He was in service in 1866, — brevet-major, and chief signal 
oflicer of the Department of the Gulf. 

He was married, January, 1861, to Miss Catharine Breck, of An- 
napolis, Md. 

Jamks Francis, son of James B. and Sarah W. (Brownell) Fran- 
cis, was born in Lowell, Mass., 30 March, 1840. Was in the school 
of i\Ir. Allen, Jamaica Plain ; and had spent a year in the studies of 
mechanical engineering, when, in April, 1861, he was appointed lieu- 
tenant in the company raised by Captain Abbott (A). Second lieuten- 
ant in the Second, 28 May, 1861; first lieutenant, 1 Nov., 1861; 
captain, 10 Aug., 1862. At the battle of Antietam, he was wounded 
in the hand, requiring amputation of fingers ; returned to duty, 
Dec. 1. Major, 4 Jul}', 1863. Served in Georgia on the staif 
of General A. S. Williams, as division inspector. Was appointed 
lieutenant-colonel by the Governor, 24 July, 1865; and was brevetted 
lieutenant-colonel of volunteers, by the President, 13 March, 1865. 
Mustered out of service with the regiment in July, 1865. 

Thomas Kodman Robeson, son of Thomas (late of Philadelphia) 
and Sybil (Washburn) Robeson, was born in New Bedford, j\Iass., 
7 Nov., 1840. Fitted for college under the care of Francis M. Tower, 
of Cambridge, and graduated at Harvard in 1861. Second lieutenant 
in the Second, 28 May, 1861; first lieutenant, 30 Nov., 1861. De- 
tached for service in the Signal Corps, in the fall of 1861 ; and was 



494 SECOND IMASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

in the actions at Roanoke Island and Newborn. Applying to be 
returned, he came back in the spring of 18G2. In the battle of Cedar 
Mountain, he was wounded in the arm. Captain, 10 Aug., 1862. He 
was mortally wounded, in the thigh, at Gettysburg, 3 July, 1863, and 
died there, July 6. 

"The country," said the "Boston Advertiser," "has lost a brave, 
competent, and faithful officer in Captain Thomas Rodman Robeson, of 
Cambridge, of the Massachusetts Second Regiment, who fell severely 
wounded under the terrible fire to which his regiment was exposed at 
Gettysburg, on Friday morning, the 3d instant. His company had 
been posted in advance as skirmishers ; and, when his heroic regiment 
was ordei'ed to make the charge in which half their number were cut 
down, he had just started to advance, when he fell, with the upper por- 
tion of his thigh shattered into many pieces by a bullet. His remains 
were interred at New Bedford. Few officers of his rank were more 
serviceable than this brave young man. Though but twenty-two 
years of age, he had a thorough manliness of character, in harmony 
with his tall, strong form ; and this, with his personal dignity and un- 
failing courage, gained him the respect of his men, and gave him 
unusual success in keeping them cool and steady in action." 

A sketch of his life is given in " Harvard Memorial," ii. 201-274. 

Chahles Paine Horton, son of Henry K. and Helen M. (Barnes) 
Horton, was born in Boston, Mass., 1 Oct., 1837. Fitted for college 
at Chauncy Hall, Boston, and graduated at Harvard in 1857. Was 
in business at the South, but returned, and was commissioned second 
lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861 ; first lieutenant, 1 Nov. 
He was upon Colonel Gordon's staff a short period, when that officer 
was in command of the brigade in the fall of 1861; and again in the 
spring of 1862, serving as such in Banks's retreat, when he had his 
horse shot under him, — as he usually did in battle ; and was men- 
tioned by General Gordon for " efficiency, and gallant services in 
action." He was upon General Greene's staff when that officer was 
assigned to the command of the brigade, and continued with him 
when the general was transfen-ed to another command. Assistant 
adjutant-general with the rank of captain, 17 July, 1862. He was, as 
such, in the battles of Cedar Mountain, Antietam, and Gettysburg. 
He also served as aide to General Heintzelman, being appointed 24 
Aug., 1863. He remained in service until October, 1865. 

RuFDS CnoATE, only son of (Hon.) Rufus and Helen (daughter 
of Hon. Mills Olcott, of Hanover, N.H.) Choate, was born in Salem, 
Mass., 14 May, 1834, from which place his father soon removed to 
Boston. Fitted for college at the Boston Latin School, and graduated 
at Amherst in 1855. Studied law with his father, and at the Law 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 495 

Scliool (being absent in Europe in 18-jS) ; and commenced practice as 
a partner of his father and J. M. Bell. After the death of the former 
in 1859, he joined Henry F. Dui'ant in priictice, in which he continued 
until the sjiring of 18G1, when he entered the army. Commissioned 
second lieutenant (Company I), 28 May; first lieutenant, 13 Dec, 
1861 ; captain, 17 Aug., 18G2. He was in Banks's retreat, at Cedar 
Mountain, and at Antietani. Severe and long-continued neuralgia, 
eontracted, or at least greatly aggravated, by exposure in tlie mala- 
rious districts, forced liim to resign, 31 Oct., 18G2. His disease in- 
creased, affecting the brain ; and, after intense suffering, he died, 
25 Jan., 18G6, at the house of his brother-in-law, Edward E. Pratt, in 
Dorchester. 

The " Boston Traveller " said : " When our civil war broke out, 
Mr. Choate was in the practice of the law in this city, having, for a 
young man just starting in his profession, a large clientage. Every 
thing looked prosperously for him. There was every inducement, 
selfishly speaking, for him to remain at home. But the echoes from 
Sumter had scarcely ceased befoi'e he had offered his services to the 
government, — ' for the war.' 

"He was determined, to use his own language, 'to see the thing 
through,' and for this reason, among others, joined the Second ^lassa- 
chusetts Kegiment, which was, we believe, the first in the country 
organized for that length of time. Mr. Choate renuiined witii his 
regiment till the autunni of 18G2, when the disease, which attacked 
him shortlj' after he joined the army, compelled him to resign his 
connnission. 

" He returned to his home, hoping that in a few months his health 
would be sufficient!}' restored to enable him again to join his regiment. 
But this hope was not to be realized. 

" His suflTerings during the. last four years have been almost imin- 
terrupted and almost incredible. Death is to him literally a release. 
Yet during the whole he showed the same sweetness of temper, the 
same patience, the same uncomplainingness, that had always charac- 
terized him. 'And yet they say / suffer,' said he, when the horrors 
of Andersonville were read to him. Through these four long and 
dreary years he completely ignored his own suflTerings, except when 
he tried to show their lightness when compared with those of others. 

" The testimony of his brother officers, as of all who had ever 
known him well, is unanimous as to his wit, his hunior, and his unfail- 
ing humanity. And, indeed, the son of his father took these by 
inheritance. When he resigned his commission, one of them wrote, 
' Choate has left, and with him goes the life of the regiment. No 
more fun now, but simple duty.' 



« 
496 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

" At the battle of Cedar Mountain, he and three other officers of 
the same regiment were so ill, that none but themselves thought 
of their taking part in the imi)ending conflict. Not so they, how- 
ever. They were helped or carried on to the field. One present 
wrote : — 

"'AH our officers behaved nobly. Those who ought to have stayed 
away, wouldn't. Goodwin, Gary, Ghoate, and Stephen Perkins were all 
quite ill, but would not stay away from the fight. Ghoate is the only 
one of the four not killed. It Avas splendid to see those sick fellows 
walk right up into that shower of bullets, as if it were so much 
rain.' " 

James March Ellis, son of Granville and Mary Ann (March) 
EUis, was born in Boston, 23 Nov., 1835. Fitted for college at the 
Boston Latin School, and graduated at Amherst in 1856. Studied law 
with Thornton Lothrop, Esq., and at the Gambridge Law School ; was 
in Europe in 1857 ; admitted to practice in 1858, and opened an office 
in Boston. Second lieutenant, 28 May, 1861 ; commissary of subsist- 
ence, with the rank of captain, 22 Nov., 1861, and assigned to duty 
with General Abercrombie, with whom he had been serving since 
8 Sept. Was afterwards with General Hartsuff, in the Department of 
the Gulf; and chief commissary of the Twenty-third Gorps, with the 
rank of lieutenant-colonel. Left service in July, 1865. 

Robert Bancroft Brown, son of Robert (late of Salem) and 
Mary (Cleaveland) Brown, was born in Salem, Mass., 19 April, 1840. 
Was educated at Salem High School. Gommenced reading law in 
the office of S. G. Bancroft, Esq., 22 March, 1859. Second lieutenant, 
28 May, 1861; first lieutenant, 28 Nov., 1861. He was on duty at 
General Banks's headquarters, in the quartermaster's department, in 
the spring of 1862; but was relieved, at his own reqiiest, immediately 
after the battle of Gedar Mountain, to return to the regiment. Was 
appointed regimental quartermaster, 1 Sept., 1862; captain, 23 Oct., 
1862. He rfemained with the regiment until the war was ended, 
liaving been in command at Atlanta and in South Garolina. Though 
in most of the battles of the regiment, he was never wounded. The 
war being ended, he resigned his commission, 15 April, 1865, being 
then senior captain. He had been admitted to the bar, in Salem, in 
February, 1864. 

Anson David Sawyer, son of David (late of Tinmouth) and 
Lucretia (Stafford) Sawyer, was born in Tinmouth, Vt., 17 Feb., 
1833. He went to Boston in 1852. Was i-eceiving officer at the 
House of Gorrection from 5 Sept., 1852, to March, 1861. Second 
lieutenant in the Second, 28 May, 1861; first lieutenant, 25 Dec., 
1861 ; captain, 9 Nov., 1862. The last-named he declined, and was 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 497 

appointed quartermaster, 1 Jan., 1863. Tliis position he held until 
ill health made it necessary for him to resijin, 3 Nov., 18G4. 

Stephen George Perkins, son of Stephen H. and Sarah (Sulli- 
van) Perkins, was born in Boston, Mass., 18 Sept., 1835. Fitted for 
college under the instruction of Thomas G. Bradford and William P. 
Atkinson, and graduated at Harvard in 1856, having entered in 1851, 
and being absent one year. Went to Europe in November, 1856, and 
returned in October, 1857. Entered the Cambridge Law School in 
March, 1858 ; the Scientific School, as student in mathematics, in 
1859, where he remained until the war commenced. Second lieu- 
tenant, 8 July, 1801 ; first lieutenant, 11 July, 1802. He was killed 
in the battle of Cedar Mountain, U Aug., 1862, and buried at Alex- 
andria. 

A sketch of his life is given in "Harvard Memorial," i. 373-382. 
Fletcher Morton AnnoTT, son of (Hon.) Josiah G. and Caro- 
line (Livermore) Abbott, was born in Lowell, Mass., 18 Feb., 1843. 
Educated at St. Paul's School (Rev. Dr. Coit), Concord. N.H., which 
he had just left when his brother (Edward G.) — in April, 1861 — was 
raising Company A, in which he was chosen a lieutenant. He was 
appointed second lieutenant (Company D), 8 July, 1861; first lieu- 
tenant, 13 June, 1862. Served in Banks's retreat. Cedar Mountain, 
and Antietam. Was appointed on the staff of Brigadier-general 
William Dwiglit, and accompanied him to Louisiana, and passed 
througli the campaigns of 1862-63 ; present at all the engagements and 
most of the skirmishes of that winter and spring; at Port Hudson 
during its siege, having previously accompanied General Dwight on 
his mission to General Grant, and being present at the first assault 
on Vicksburg. In the latter part of the fall of 1863, chronic disease, 
contracted in faithful discharge of duty, made it necessary for him to 
resign, 23 Dec, 1863. 

James Ingersoll Grafton, son of Joseph (a major -in the war of 
1812) and Maria (Gurley) Grafton, was born in Boston, Mass., 16 
June, 1811. Fitted for college under private tutors, and entered 
Harvard in 1858. Left college to enter the service ; was appointed 
second lieutenant in the Second, 1 Nov., 1861, and joined the regi- 
ment at Frederick; first lieutenant, 21 July, 1862; captain, 9 Nov., 
1862. He wa.s wounded in the head, at the battle of Cedar Moun- 
tain ; returned to duty, 1 Oct., 1862. He was wounded at Chancel- 
lorsville in tlie leg, above the knee, and the ankle-bone of right leg 
struck ; returned before fully well. At the battle of Averysborough, 
N.C., 16 March, 1805, the last action of the regiment, he was killed. 
It was on the skirmish line, which was but a short distance in ad- 
vance. The enemy was so near, and his fire so close, that it required 

32 



498 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

the greatest exertion to hold him until the necessary relief should 
arrive to attack his position. Captain Grafton had command of about 
twenty men, his own company and another, and worked hard with 
them against heavy odds, until he was struck in the leg. He started 
to the rear, but in his anxiety to do his whole duty, turned back to 
give some last instructions to his men, and received a mortal wound 
in the neck. He was seen staggering back, and was helped to the 
rear ; but he never spoke, and died in a few minutes. " He could not 
have found a nobler death," says the historian of the Great March, 
"nor could we have lost a nobler soul." 

A notice of him is given in " The Story of the Great March ; " 
and a sketch of his life is given in "Harvard Memorial," ii. 283-288. 

Eugene Edward Shelton, son of Philo S. and ...(...) 
Shelton, was born in Boston, Mass., 28 Dec, 1840. Educated at 
Boston High and Latin Schools. Second lieutenant, 1 Nov., 1861 ; 
first lieutenant, 21 July, 1862; adjutant, 13 Aug., 1862. He went to 
New Orleans on the staff of Brigadier-general Andrews, in the win- 
ter of 1862-63, and was appointed Commissary of Subsistence, with 
rank of captain, 19 Feb., 1863. He was subsequently wounded, while 
in service at the South. [See "Additions."] 

Daniel Oakey, son of William F. (of New York) and Sally (Sul- 
livan) Oakey, was born in New-York City, 5 July, 1842. Second 
lieutenant, 80 Nov., 1861; first lieutenant, 23 July, 1862; captain, 20 
March, 1868. He was seriously wounded at Cedar Mountain ; re- 
turned to duty, 11 Sept., 1862. He served through the war, in com- 
mand of Company D, being in every action. He resigned, 3 July, 
1865, and entered into business in New York. 

John Andrews Fox, son of (Rev.) Thomas B. and Feroline W. 
(Pierce) Fox, was born in Newburyport, Mass., 23 Dec, 1835. Was 
civil engineer, 1854 to 1858 ; then architect, until the war opened. 
Second lieutenant, 6 Jan., 1862; first lieutenant, 10 Aug., 1862; adju- 
tant, 1 Jan., 1863, in which position he served to the end of the war, 
declining promotion. In all the battles during his term of service, 
and how faithfully, all will remember ; but never wounded. He was 
mustei-ed out, 26 July, 1865. Returned to the profession of archi- 
tect. 

Henrt Bruce Scott, son of Benjamin H. and Sarah (Carlisle) 
Scott, was born in Peru, Ind., 15 March, 1839. Graduated at Harvard 
College in 1860, and began the study of law. Second lieutenant, 16 
Jan., 1862. Appointed assistant adjutant-general, with rank of cap- 
tain, 17 July, 1862, and attached to staff of General Gordon. Was 
wounded, in the head, at Chancellorsville. He afterwards served in 
the Army of the James. He was appointed major in the Fourth 



COMMISSIONED OFFICEKS. 499 

Massachusetts Cavalry, 18 Jan., 18G5 ; lieutenant-colonel, 23 April, 
1805, and mustered out, 14 Nov., 1805. 

FuANCis Welch Ckownixshikld, son of Edward Augustus and 
Caroline Maria (Welch) Crowninshield, was born in Uoston, Mass., 12 
May, 1843. Fitted for college at Boston Latin School. In 1850-58 
was in ICurope. Entered Harvard in 1800, but left to enter the army. 
Second lieutenant, 25 Dec, 1861; first lieutenant, 10 Aug., 1802; 
captain, 30 March, 1863. Wounded at Winchester, in leg, 25 May, 
1862 ; returned, 17 Aug. Wounded at Antietam, in leg, 17 Sept., 
1802; returned in Jan., 1863. At Chancellorsville, was bruised by a 
spent ball, which struck him in tlie chest. Severely wounded at 
Gettysburg, 3 July, 1803; returned, 28 Nov., 1803. Wounded in the 
leg, near Raccoon Creek, in the Atlanta campaign, 6 June, 1804, but 
rejoined in November, and served through the war. Api)ointed 
major, 24 July, 1805, but not mustered as such. After the muster- 
out, he wont to Europe, hoping to repair a constitution shattered by 
wounds and hardships. But the hope proved fallacious ; and he died, 
at Borne, 21 May, 1806, of disease contracted in the line of duty. 
Enthusiastic and ardent, brave and generous. 

A sketch appears in " Harvard Memorial," ii. 456-460. 

EvKuicTT Wilson Pattisox, son of (Bev. Dr.) Bobert E. and 
...(...) Pattison, was born in Waterville, Me., 22 Feb., 1839. 
Fitted for college at Pierce Academy, Middleboro', Mass., gradu- 
ated at AVaterville in 1858. After teaching in academies, was 
reading law in 1801. Enlisted as private, Company I, 27 Jlay, 1801 ; 
and first sergeant. Second lieutenant, 4 Feb., 1802; first lieutenant, 
10 Aug., 1802. Was long attached to General Williams's staff as com- 
missary of musters. Captain, 13 Sept., 1863. Was mustered out, 
28 May, 1805. At St. Louis, practising law. 

George Franklin Browning, son of George B. and Elizabeth B. 
(Patterson) Browning, was born in Salem, Mass., 21 April, 1837. 
lOnlisted in the Second, 13 May, 1801, and first sergeant of Com- 
pany C. Quartermaster-sergeant in October, 1861. Second lieutenant, 
14 Feb., 1862, in Company C ; first lieutenant, 9 Aug., 1862. While 
in connnand of Company C, he was severely wounded, 9 Aug., 1862, 
at Cedar Mountain. Tiie wound (in the right hip) caused permanent 
lameness, and he was discharged, 23 Dec, 1802. First lieutenant in 
the InvaHd Corps, First Kcgiment, 13 June, 1803. In December, 1866, 
was quartermaster upon the staff' of General Swayne, Bureau of Refu- 
gees and Freed men, Department of Alabama. lie was married at 
Winchester, Va., in 1802. 

Adam Miller, son of John C. (late of Stockbridge, Mass.), was 
born in IloUenbroebrach, Bavaria, 9 July, 1839; came to Stockbridge 



500 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IXFANTRY. 

ill 1842. Enlisted as private, Company D, 21 May, 18G1 ; sergeant, 
15 June, 1861; second lieutenant, 13 June, 1862; first lieutenant, 10 
Aug., 1862. Was severely wounded, in face, at Cedar Mountain, and 
prisoner; paroled, 21 Sept., 1862, and left Richmond that day, reach- 
ing the regiment, 28 Nov. But he was unable, from wounds, to dis- 
charge his duties, and resigned, 30 Dec. He was afterwards an 
officer in the Veteran Reserve Corps. 

He was married, in the fall of 1862, to Miss Heath, of Lee, at 
Darnestown, Md. 

Albert Watson Powers, son of John H. and Clarissa (Patrick) 
Powers, was born in Warren, Mass., 1 Nov., 1839. In a mercantile 
house in 1861. Enlisted as private in Company G, 15 May, 1861, and 
made sergeant; first sergeant in H, 20 Dec, 1861. Wounded in leg, 
at Cedar Mountain, and in arm, at Chancellorsville. Second lieuten- 
ant, 12 July, 1862; first lieutenant, 23 Oct., 1862; captain, 1 Nov., 
1862'. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. 

Edward Augustus Piialen, son of Lawrence (late of Boston) 
and Anne (Johnson) Phalen, was born in Salem, Mass., 17 June, 
1840. At High Schools in Danvers and Salem. Enlisted in Company 
C, 20 April, 1861 ; sergeant, 22 May ; first sergeant, 9 Oct. ; second 
lieutenant, 13 July, 1862; first lieutenant, 9 Nov., 1862; captain, 31 
March, 1863. Was wounded, severely, at Cedar Mountain ; returned, 
15 March, 1863. Mustered out, 28 May, 1864. 

Charles James Mills, son of Charles H. and Anna Cabot Lowell 
(Dwight) Mills, was born in Boston, Mass., 8 Jan., 1841. Graduated 
at Harvard in 1860, and entered the Scientific School, to study 
engineering. Second lieutenant in the Second, 14 Aug., 1862, and 
joined for duty at Culpepper, Aug. 17 ; .first lieutenant, 17 Aug., 
1862. Was acting adjutant in the battle of Antietam, and was so 
severely wounded in the leg as never wholly to recover. Was dis- 
charged for disability, 18 March, 1863. As soon as able, he re-entered 
the service, as first lieutenant and adjutant of the Fifty -sixth Massa- 
chusetts, 22 Aug., 1863 ;. captain, 7 July, 1864. Was appointed assistant 
adjutant-general, with the rank of captain, 6 Aug., 1864. Was as- 
signed to headquarters of Ninth Corps, and afterwards of the Second 
Corps. He was killed in action, 31 March, 1865, at Hatcher's Run, 
while on the staff" of Major-General Humphrey. He was buried at 
Forest-Hills Cemetery. 

The "Boston Transcript" said: "Youthful in appearance, Major 
Mills exhibited qualities of a noble manhood. His ambition to be a 
good soldier and to fight bravely for the national flag was gratified, by 
his zeal, perseverance, faithfulness, and unflinching courage. His mili- 
tary career, though brief, was briUiant. He met the hardships and 




i 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 501 

sufferings of his profession bravely, and faced deatli witliout fear. He 
belonged to that '••'•ge body of the young men of Massaciiusetts, who, 
by education and conviction, were prepared to enter upon tlie uncon- 
genial work of war, conscientiously and from principle, when the 
rebellion lifted the sword to destroy the unity and free institutions of 
the republic." 

A sketch of his life appears in "Harvard ^Memorial," ii. 141-150. 

Thojias Bayley Fox, Jun., son of (Kev.) Thomas Bayley and 
Feroline Walley (Pierce) Fox, was born in Newburyport, Mass., 
1 Feb., 1839. Was fitted for college at tlie Dorchester High School; 
graduated at Harvard in 1860, near tlie head of the class, and was 
chosen class orator. He began the study of law in the offices of Hon. 
John A. Andrew and A. G. Browne, and entered the Law School at 
Cambridge. Was commissioned second lieutenant in the Second, 
1-4 Aug., 1862, and joined, tlie same month, on the Rappahannock, in 
charge of recruits, and was kept in charge of them until near the time 
of the battle of Antietam, when he was assigned to duty with Com- 
pany C, with which he fought in that battle. First lieutenant, 1 Nov., 
1862 ; captain, 6 June, 1863. He was at Chancellorsville, Beverly 
Ford, and Gettysburg. His bold service with Company K, in the 
darkness of the night, July 2, has been referred to. On the 3d of 
May, 1863, in the centre of the meadow, he was hit in the left ankle. 
Of this wound he died, at Dorchester, 25 July. He was buried at 
Forest Hills Cemetery, 28 July. 

" Another hero has fallen," said Chaplain IIumj)hre}-s, at his 
funeral. " Another lover of his country has sealed his devotion with 
his life. Let us not weep. The sacrifice was willing. . . . His fitting 
monument is his remembered life. . . . The record of his life is sim- 
ple, but it is the simplicity of purity and nobleness. ... A casual 
acquaintance did not see his best qualities. He was so frank, that he 
would not conceal his worst side ; and so strong in his conscious integ- 
rity, that he cared not to put forward his best side." In liis service 
with the Second, no one saw a "worst side" in this genial and cheer- 
ful officer; although it took time to fully appreciate the noble and gen- 
erous qualities, and tlie force of character, which his modesty covered. 
His brief service was long enough to show a devotion to duty which 
was entire, ability sufficient for any emergency, and to make a record 
brave and bright. 

John Fkancis George, son of Ivlward O. (of Lowell) and Kuth 
G. (Carter) George, was born in Boscawen, N.H., 29 Aug., 1838. 
Learned business o£ iron-machinist. Enlisted in Company A, 11 May, 
1861, and was made sergeant. Was color sergeant, and carried the 
colors at Cedar Mountain, 9 Aug., 1862; second lieutenant, 10 Aug., 



502 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

1862; first lieutenant, 25 Dec, 1862; captain, 4 July, 1863. Mustered 
out 28 May, 1864. 

Nathan Dane Appleton Sawyer, son of Leverett A. and Mar- 
tha A. (Kehew) Sawyer, was born in Salem, Mass., 25 Feb., 1839. 
At school in Salem ; at the West four years ; in business in Nashua, 
N.H., one year. Enlisted in Company A, 11 Ma}', 1861 ; corporal, 25 
May; sergeant, 12 Feb., 1862; second lieutenant, 1-0 Aug., 1862; first 
lieutenant, 31 Dec, 1862; captain, 7 July, 1863. Was wounded at 
Wincliester (ball through the body) ; returned, 13 Sept., 1862. 
Wounded at Gettysburg. Severely wounded at Peacli-Tree Creek, 
22 July, 1864; and resigned from disability, 15 May, 1865. He was 
then appointed military storekeeper, quartermaster's department, with 
rank of captain of infantry, 28 Sept., 1865, and stationed in Boston. 

GiiouGE LoRiNG BiNNEY, SOU of Cliarlcs J. F. and Clarissa (daugh- 
ter of Dea. George Loring, of Duxbury, Mass.) Binney, was born in 
Boston, Mass., 2 Sept., 1840. Enlisted in Company H, 11 May, 1861, 
and detailed as quartermaster's clerk. Appointed quartermaster- 
sergeant, 15 March, 1862. Second lieutenant, 10 Aug., 1862; first 
lieutenant, 19 March, 1863. Detached to corps quartermaster's de- 
partment, 1 March, 1863. He served as aide to Genei-al Slocum, at 
the battle of Chancellorsville. Detailed as aide to General lUiger, 
18 April, 1864; and again, 7 Nov., 1864, going with that general into 
the department of the Ohio, and served with him during the re- 
mainder of the war. He was brevetted captain, and also major, 
United-States Volunteers, to date from 13 March, 1865, "for gallant 
and meritorious services at the battle of Franklin." Mustered out, 26 
July, 1865. 

Gerald Fitzgerald, son of William P. N. (of New York) and 
Sarah A. (Goodyear) Fitzgerald, was born in Troy, N.Y., 6 Sept., 
1835. Educated at sub-department of Georgetown College, D.C. 
Entered Cambridge Divinity School in 1855 ; spent the year 1857-58 
in Europe; graduated in 1^59, and was ordained minister (Unitarian). 
Enlisted in Twelfth Massachusetts, 24 April, 1861, where he was 
sergeant-major. Second lieutenant in the Second, 25 Aug., 1862; 
first lieutenant, 20 March, 1863. He fell at Cliancellorsville, — a cul- 
tivated scholar,^a brave officer, and a courteous man, — 3 May, 1863, 
and buried on the field. 

James Kent Stone, son of (Eev. Dr.) John S. and Mary (Kent) 
Stone, was born in Boston, Mass., 10 Nov., 1840. Fitted for college 
at Boston Latin School ; entered at Harvard in 1856 ; left in 1857, and 
went to Europe for a year ; returned to Harvard, and remained until 
near the close of senior year, when he went to Germany, and spent a 
year at Gottingen. Was teacher in Boston Latin School until 4 Aug., 



COMMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 503 

1862, when he enlisted as private in Company C. Corporal, October, 
18(i2. Second lieutenant to date 10 Aug., 18G2. Was obliged to 
resign, from disability contracted in service, 9 Jan., 18G3. He was 
subsequently appointed professor in Konyon College. 

GiiouGE Augustine Thayek, son of Elihu and Elizabeth {Tir- 
rell) Thayer, was born in Randoli)h, Mass., G Dec, 1839. At school 
at lIoULs Institute, South Braintree. Taught in various academies. 
Second lieutenant, 16 Oct., 1862; first lieutenant, 29 April, 18G3 ; 
captain, 26 July, 1863. Served throughout the war, being in the va- 
rious battles, and was mustered out with the regiment. 

Erastus Burbank Carll, son of Nathaniel and Frances (Woods) 
Carll, was born in Unity, Me., 8 Nov., 1830. Enlisted, 5 Dec, 1850, 
in United-States army, to join the Second Dragoons, but was trans- 
ferred to Battery G, Fourth Artillery ; served at Fort Leaven woith, in 
Sioux campaign, and in General Harney's expedition, until -5 Dec, 
1855. Was in business until May, 1861. Enlisted, 11 May, 1861, 
and commissary-sergeant. Second lieutenant, 23 Oct., 1862; first 
lieutenant, 1 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 1864. He was 
married, in 1859, to Mary E. Galvin, of Boston. 

Theodore Kendall Parker, son of Gilman D. and Sarah (Fos- 
ter) Parker, was born in Brighton, Mass., 3 Sept., 1841. Was in iron- 
work at Winchendon. Enlisted in Company D, 11 May, 1861, and 
first sergeant. Taken prisoner at Winchester, 25 May, 1862, and 
taken to Belle Isle ; returned 24 Oct. Second lieutenant, 24 Oct., 
1862 ; first lieutenant, 31 March, 1863 ; captain, 24 May, 1864. Was 
wounded, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. Mustered out with the regi- 
ment. 

Denis Meiian, son of John and Mary (Gorigan) Mehan, was 
born in Salem, Mass., 25 Dec, 1843. At school, in New York. Was 
in shoe business. Enlisted in Company C, in April, 1861. Marker, 
in 1861; corporal, 26 July, 1862; sergeant, 29 July, 1861; first 
sergeant, 1 Sept., 1862; second lieutenant, 9 Nov., 1862; first lieuten- 
ant, 4 May, 1863 ; captain, 24 May, 1864. Was wounded, ^ July, 

1863, at Gettysburg. Mustered out with the regiment in July, 1865. 
Henry Newton Comey, son of Elbridge G. and Abigail J. 

(Pierce) Comey, was born in Hopkinton, JIass., 4 March, 1840. At 
school in Hopkinton. Enlisted in G, in May, 1861. Corporal, 2 
June, 1862; sergeant, 1 Nov., 18G2; second lieutenant, to date from 
1 Nov., 1862; first lieutenant, 6 June, 1863; captain, 24 May, 1864. 
Was wounded, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. Mustered out in July, 
1865. 

Joseph Wiley Gelrav, son of Bobert Gelray, was born 28 Feb., 
1840, in Manchester, England. Came to America in 1844. AVas 



504 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTKY. 

printer, in Lowell, Mass., and Kichmontl, Va. Enlisted in A, 11 May, 
18G1. Corporal, 25 May, 1861 ; transferred, as sergeant, to Com- 
pany H, 22 Dec, 1861. Wounded, severely, in right shoulder and 
right thigh, 17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam. Second lieutenant, 25 Dec., 
1862; first lieutenant, 4 July, 1863. Wounded, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg, in right arm, so near the former wound as to require 
amputation. Discharged 13 Oct., 1864, to receive commission of 
captain, dated 25 July, 1864, in Fifty-seventh Massachusetts. Was 
put on General Bartlett's staff, as assistant inspector-general. Was 
appointed, 22 Aug., 1864, colonel of the Fifty-ninth Massachusetts, 
but the regiment was too small to allow of his being mustered as 
such. Major in Fourth Massachusetts Heavy Artillery, 14 Nov., 
1864. Mustered out, 17 June, 1865. 

William Edward Perkins, son of William and Catharine C. 
(Amory) Perkins, was born in Boston, Mass., 23 March, 1838. Fitted 
for college in care of Epes S. Dixwell, and graduated at Harvard in 
1860. Studied law with Horace Gray, jun., and Wilder Dwight, 
and at the Law School. Enlisted in Forty-fourth Massachusetts, 12 
Sept., 1862, and sergeant in Company F. Second lieutenant in 
Second, 26 Jan., 1863; first lieutenant, 7 July, 1863; captain, 17 
March, 1865. Wounded, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned, 
4 July, 1863. Mustered out in July, 1865. 

George James Thompson, son of (Rev. Dr.) James W. and Mary 
J. (James) Thompson, was born in Salem, Mass., 10 Sept., 1839. At 
school, under " Master Worcester," in Salem. Went a voyage to sea. 
Enlisted in Twenty-fourth Massachusetts, 17 Sept., 1861, and ser- 
geant; first sergeant, October, 1862; served at Newbern. Second 
lieutenant in Second, 10 Jan., 1863; first lieutenant, 26 July, 1863; 
captain, 15 April, 1865. Was slightly injured by shell, 3 May, 1863, 
at Chancellorsville, and by ball in front of Atlanfa. Mustered out 
with the regiment. Appointed, in 1867, second lieutenant in United- 
States Artillery. 

Henry Van Dyke Stone, son of (Rev. Dr.) Jolin S. and Mary 
(Kent) Stone, was born in Brooklyn, N.Y., 9 Aug., 1843. Fitted for 
college in Brookline, Mass. ; entered Yale Scientific School in 1861. 
Enlisted in Company C, 4 Aug., 1862. Corporal, 21 Nov., 1862; ser- 
geant, 1 Jan., 1863 ; second lieutenant, 20 March, 1863. He was 
killed at Gettysburg, 3 July, 1863. A modest and brave officer. 

James Warren Cook, son of James D. and Rebecca W. (Coney) 
Cook, was born in Reading, Mass., 3 Aug., 1831. In business of manu- 
facturing furniture, in Boston and Beading. Enlisted in Company A, 
11 May, 1861. Corporal, 14 Aug., 1861; sergeant, 14 July, 1862; 
first sergeant, 27 Dec, 1862. Wounded, in hand, 24 May, 1862, at 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 505 

Kernstown. Slightly wounded, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville. 
Second lieutenant, 19 March, 1863; first lieutenant, 13 Sept., 1863. 
Mustered out 28 May, 18G4. Was married, 1 May, 1853, to Sarah J. 
Pinkhani, of Beading, Mass. 

Fhancis Hexr\' Lundy, son of William and Marion (Steen) 
Lundy, was born in Manchester, England, 14 Nov., 1830. Enlisted 
in Eighty-eighth (British), in 1851, and served four years and ten 
months ; in battles of Alma, Balaclava, and Inkerman ; was sent 
home to drill recruits. Came to Lowell, Mass., December, 1856. En- 
listed in Company B, in May, 1861. Sergeant, 12 Aug., 1861 : first 
sergeant, 1 Nov., 1862 ; color-bearer at Antietam ; second lieutenant, 
30 Marcli, 1863; first lieutenant, 24 Dec, 1863. Kesigned 22 Oct., 
1864. Was married, April, 1859, to Sarah Mansfield, of New York. 

Charles Warrkn Thomas, son of Sjdvanus and Sophia (Kent) 
Thomas, was born in Boston, Mass., 26 July, 1841. At school in 
Charlestown, Mass. Clerk in jobbing house when enlisted, in Com- 
pany G, 26 July, 1862. Corporal, 30 Dec, 1862 ; sergeant, 1 Jan., 
1863 ; second lieutenant, 1 April, 1863. Mustered out 28 May, 
1864. 

Albert Warren Mann, son of Albert and Caroline S. (Pond) 
Mann, was born in Wrentham, Mass., 14 Aug., 1836. In shoe busi- 
ness when enlisted, in Company E, in April, 1861. Sergeant, 25 
May, 1861 ; first sergeant, 13 July, 1861 ; sergeant-major, 10 May, 
1862; second lieutenant, 31 March, 1863. Mustered out, 28 May, 
1864. Was married, 11 Sept., 1860, to Mary A. Hartshorn, of Wal- 
pole, Mass. 

Edwin Augustine Howes, son of Collins and Rhoda (Bangs) 
Howes, was born in Chatham, Mass., 4 Jan., 1834. Was ship-joiner 
in Essex, when enlisted in Company F, in May, 1861. Corporal, 
May, 1861; sergeant, 2 June, 1862; commissary sergeant, 8 Dec, 
1862; first lieutenant, 24 May, 1864. Appointed quartermaster, 3 
Nov., 1864, and served until mustered out in July, 1865. His wife 
was Sophia E. Andrews, of Essex. 

Moses P. Richardson, son of Samuel and Susan B. (Persons) 
Richardson, was born in Woburn, Mass., 17 Sept., 1835. Was a 
farmer in Winchester. Enlisted in Company G, in May, 1861. Cor- 
poral, 9 Jan., 1862; sergeant, 12 Feb., 1862; first sergeant, 19 April, 
1863. Was wounded in leg, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain; re- 
turned, 26 Oct. Wounded in arm and side, 3 July, 1863, at Chan- 
cellorsville ; returned in . . . 1863. Sergeant-major, 17 July, 1863. 
Re-enlisted, 31 Dec. 1863. Appointed second lieutenant in Fifty-fitlh 
Massachusetts, 9 June, 1864, but declined commission. First lieu- 
tenant in Second, to date 24 May, 1864. Mustered out with regiment. 



506 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS IKFANTRY. 

Brevet-captain, 13 March, 1865. Was married, since the war, to 
Sarah B. Marsh. 

Jesse Richardson, son of Samuel and Susan B. (Persons) Rich- 
ardson, was born in Woburn, Mass., 31 March, 1840. Was clerk, in 
Winchester. Enlisted in Company G, 8 July, 18G2. Corporal, 29 
Nov., 1862 ; first sergeant, 1 Oct., 1863. Wounded sliglitly, in foot, 
17 Sept., 1862, at Antietam. Wounded in head, 3 July, 1863, at 
Gettysburg; returned, 1 Sept. Re-enlisted 31 Dec, 1863. First 
lieutenant, 24 May, 1864. Mustered out with regiment. Was mar- 
ried, 28 Jan., 1864, to Mary M. Pearson. 

William Taylor McAlpine, son of Peter and Mary (Taylor) 
McAlpine, was born in Pramingham, Mass., 20 July, 1840. Was in 
carriage-making business, in Lowell, in 1861. Enlisted in Company 
A, 11 May, 1861 ; sergeant, 25 April, 1863. Was wounded, 9 Aug., 
1862, at Cedar Mountain, in arm, in thigh, and through the body. 
Wounded in the head, 3 May, 1863, at Chancellorsville ; returned, 24 
Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted 31 Dec, 1864. First lieutenant, 24 May, 
1864. Mustered out wilVi the regiment. 

Jedediah Clark Thojipson, son of Ralph and Martha Ann 
Thompson, was born in Berkshire, Vt., 23 Dec, 1839. Parents moved 
to New- York City; in 1852, to Burlington, Vt. He was in Marlboro', 
Mass., when he enlisted in Company D, 15 May, 1861. Corporal, 
3 July, 1861 ; sergeant, 10 July, 1862, to 11 May, 1863, when long 
absent, wounded. Corporal, 1 Sept., 1863; sergeant, 1 Nov., 1863. 
Wounded in hand, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain ; returned in 
Aug., 1863. Re-enlisted, 31 Dec, 1863. Wounded in foot, 15 May, 
1864, at Resaca. First lieutenant, 7 July, 1864. Mustered out with 
regiment. Went to Colorado. 

Samuel Storrow, son of Charles S. and Lydia (Jackson) Storrow, 
was born in Boston, Mass., 24 Jui}^ 1843. Entered Harvard in 1860; 
in 1862, an affection of the eyes rendered it necessary to refrain from 
study, and he went to Fayal, — from May 1 to Sept. 1, when he re- 
joined his class. Enlisted in Forty-fourth Massachusetts, 20 Sept., 
1862. Corporal in Company H, and served in North Carolina ; mus- 
tered out 18 June, 1863. First lieutenant in the Second, 22 Sept., ' 
1864, and joined at Atlanta, 15 Jan., 1865. He was detailed as aide 
to Brevet Brigadier-general Cogswell, and so served until his death. 
He was killed in action, 16 March, 1865, at Avery sborough, N.C. " A 
brave, faithful, intelligent, and most promising officer," wrote General 
Cogswell. He was buried near tlie field ; but his remains were re- 
interred, 6 Jan., 1866, at Mount Auburn. 

See sketch in " Harvard Memorial," ii. 462. 

Richard Pendergast, son of Isaac and Mary ( ) Pendergast, 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 507 

was born in Portland, Me., 31 May, 1836. Resided in Lowell, a carpen- 
ter. Enlisted in Company A, 11 May, 1861. Corporal, January, 1862; 
sergeant, 14 Jan., 1863 ; first sergeant, 25 April, 1863. Was wounded 
in side, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg ; returned to duty, 24 Aug. Re- 
enlisted, 31 Dec., 1863. "Was wounded in right arm, severely, 20 
Dec, 1864, in South Carolina, near the Savannah. Was appointed 
first lieutenant, 23 Oct., 1864. Mustered out with regiment. 

William D. Toomus, was born in West Boylston, Mass., in 1841. 
Resided in West Boylston. Enlisted in Company D, 11 May, 1861. 
Re-enlisted, 31 Dec, 1863. First lieutenant, 4 Nov., 1864. Mustered 
out with regiment. 

James IIaxxixg, was born in Dumfries, Scotland, in 1840. Re- 
sided in Boston. Enlisted in Company I, 15 May, 1861. Corporal, 
1 Sept., 1863. Wounded in neck, 3 July, 1863, at Gettysburg. Re- 
enhsted, 31 Dec, 1863. First lieutenant, 17 March, 1865. Mustered 
out with the regiment. 

Gkokge W. Morse, was born in Newport, Ky., in 1842. Resided 
in Athol. Enlisted in Company H, in May, 1861. Corporal, 1 Oct., 
1863. Taken prisoner, at Winchester, 25 May, 1862 ; returned, 22 
Oct. Re-enlisted, 31 Dec, 1863. First lieutenant, 17 March, 1865. 
Mustered out with the regiment. Entered Dartmouth College. 

William Howard Miles, son of Oliver H. and Rachel (Decker) 
Miles, was born in Limerick, Me., 2 Dec, 1836. Was an operative at 
Lowell, when he enlisted in Company A, 11 IMay, 1861. Corporal, 
14 Jan., 1863; sergeant, 13 July, 1863. Re-enlisted, 31 Dec, 1863. 
Sergeant-major, 24 May, 1864. Was taken prisoner in the campaign 
to the sea, but escaped in a few da3's. First lieutenant, 15 April, 
1865. Mustered out with the regiment. 



The following enlisted men were commissioned, but never mus- 
tered in, as officers : — 

Caleb H. Lord, first sergeant of K, first lieutenant, to date from 
24 May, 1864 ; but tlie commission had not arrived when he died, 
29 June, 1864, of wounds received 19 June. 

Thomas B. Thurston, sergeant-major; second lieutenant, 3 July, 
1805. 

Asa W. Emerson, quartermaster-sergeant ; first lieutenant, 3 July, 
1865. 

David Casey, commissary-sergeant; second lieutenant, 3 July, 
1865. 

And the following first sergeants, 3 July, 1865, to be second lieu- 
tenants : — 



508 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Cliarles Hastings, of A; Leaiuler G. Bowley, of B ; Charles W. 
Edwards, of C; Edwin Harlow, of E; Samuel L. Jepson, of F; 
Charles H. Heald, of G; Charles 0. Mclvinstrey, of H; Andrew 
Voll, of K. 

The following persons declined commissions : — 
George B. Peck, of Boston, assistant surgeon, 29 July, 18G3, — the 
reduced size of the regiment not allowing of muster in. 

Henry R. Dalton, of Boston, second lieutenant, 23 Nov., 1861. 
Ozias Goodwin, jun., of Boston, second lieutenant, 14 Aug., 1862. 



FIELD AND STAFF. 509 



III. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 



Colonels.— George H. Gordon, 11 May, 18G1, to 12 June, 18G2. George 
L. Andrews, 13 June, 1862, to 9 Nov., 1862. Samuel M. Quincy, 
9 Nov., 1802, to 2 June, 1803. William Cogswell, June, 1868, 
to 25 June, 1865. Charles F. Morse, 24 July, 1865 ; not mustered ; 
brev.-col. U.S. Vols. 

LiEUTENANT-CoLOXELS. — Gcorge L. Andrews, 11 May, 1861, to 13 
June, 1862. Wilder Dwight, 13 June, 1862, to 19 Sept., 1862. 
James Savage, 19 Sept., 1862, to 22 Sept., 1862. William Cogs- 
well, 23 Oct., 1862, to 6 June, 1863. Charles R. Mudge, 6 June, 
1863, to 3 July, 1803. Charles F. Morse, 4 July, 1863, to 24 July, 
1865. James Francis, 24 July, 1865 ; not mustered ; brev.-lieut.- 
col. U.S. Vols. 

Ma.jous. — Wilder Dwight, 11 May, 1861, to 13 June, 1802. James 
Savage, 13 June, 1802, to 17 Sept., 1802. Samuel M. Quincy, 17 
Sept., 1862, to 9 Nov., 1862. Charles R. Mudge, 9 Nov., 1802, to 

6 June, 1863. Charles F. Morse, 6 June, 1803, to 4 July, 1803, 
James Francis#4 July, 1803, to 24 July, 1865. Francis W. Crown- 
inshield, 24 July, 1805; not mustered. 

Surgeons. — Lucius M. Sargent, jun., 28 May, 1861, to 9 Oct., 1861. 
Francis Leland, 11 Oct., 1861, to 24 Oct., 1862. Lincoln R. Stone, 

7 Nov., 1862, to 20 Nov., 1863. William H. Heath, 24 April, 1863, 
to 23 Aug., 1864. Curtis E. Munn, 5 Dec, 1864, to the end. 

Chaplain. — Alonzo II. Quint, 20 June, 1861, to 28 May, 1864. 

Assistant Surgeons. — Lincoln R. Stone, 1 June, 1861, to 7 Nov., 
1862. William H. Heath, 24 July, 1862, to 24 April, 1863. Joseph 
Wightman, 19 March, 1863, to 15 June, 1863. William Nichols, jun., 
5 May, 1863, to 9 Dec, 1864. 



510 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Adjutants. — Charles Wheaton, jun., 28 May, 1861, to '21 July, 1862. 
Eugene E. Shelton, 13 Aug., 1862, to 1 Jan., 1863. John A. Fox, 
1 Jan., 1863, to the end. 

Quartermasters. — R. Morris Copelaml, 28 May, 1861, to 27 Nov., 

1861. Marcus M. Hawes, 27 Nov., 1861, to 14 July, 1862. James 
Francis, 14 July, 1862, to 1 Sept., 1862. Robert B. Brown, 1 Sept., 

1862, to 6 Dec, 1862. Anson D. Sawyer, 1 Jan., 1863, to 3 Nov., 
1864. Edwin A. Howes, 3 Nov., 1864, to the end. 



THE COLORS AND THEIR BEARERS. 511 



IV. 

THE COLORS AND THEIR BEARERS. 



I. The United- States Colors, presented by the ladies whose names 
are given on page 27. This was the battle-flag, used only in action, 
and carried in every engagement except Winchester. The tassels 
were shot off at Cedar Mountain. Its staff was shot in two at Antie- 
tani, and given to Mrs. William Dwight. The new staff was presented 
by Miss Fannie Mudge. That staff was shot into fragments at Gettys- 
burg, and a new one was given by Misses Marie Louisa Mudge and 
Feroline P. Fox. No hostile hand ever touched this flag, and it never 
knew dishonor. It has been in Hhode Island, New York, New Jer- 
sey, Pennsjdvania, Delaware, Maryland, District of Columbia, Oliio, 
Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, 
North Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia ; on Long Island Sound, 
Chesapeake Bay, the Potomac, and the Atlantic Ocean. It now rests 
at the State House, with no names of battles upon it. 

II. Tlie State Flag, presented by the ladies whose names are 
given on page 28. It was never carried in action, and is now at the 
State House. 

III. The State Flag, white, furnished by the State, and carried 
only on drill. It is now at the State House. 

IV. The United-States Colors, presented by the ladies of Harper's 
Ferry, as recorded on page 40. It was carried on drill, &c., and in 
the battle of Winchester. It was reserved as private projicrty. 

V. The G.arrison Storm-Flng, of bunting, hoisted in various camps. 
It floated in Massachusetts, District of Columbia, Maryland, Virginia, 
Tennessee, Georgia, South Carolina, and North CaroUna. 



512 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



COLOR-SERGEANTS. 

Hans G. Christensen, Co. K, 28 June, 1861, to 14 Oct., 1861, when 
discliarged for disability. 

Samuel R. Phillips, Co. A, 14 Oct., 1861, to 13 Feb., 1862. 

George H. Willis, Co. I, 13 Feb., 1862, to 4 July, 1862. He carried 
the colors at Winchester. 

John F. George, Co. A, 4 July, 1862, to . . Sept., 1862. He carried 
the colors at Cedar Mountain, and was promoted to be second lieu- 
tenant, to date the day following. 

Francis Lundy, Co. B, . . Sept., 1862, to . . Oct., 1862. He carried 
the colors at Antietam, and was afterwards promoted to be second 
lieutenant. ' 

Edwhi A. Howes, Co. F, . . Oct., 1862, to 8 Dec, 1862. 

Alonzo Griswold, Co. B, 8 Dec, 1862, to 1863. 

Leavitt C. Durgin, Co. A, 28 Feb., 1863, to 3 July, 1863. He carried 
the colors at Chancellorsville (in part), Beverly Ford, and Gettys- 
burg, where he was killed in action. 

Rupert J. Sadler, Co. D, color-corporal, took the colors temporarily at 
Chancellorsville, and also at Gettysburg, where he was killed in 
action. 

Stephen Cody, private in Co. I, took the colors at Gettysburg, and 
was killed in action. 

James Hobbs, Co. I, color-corporal, took the colors at Gettysburg, 
and was wounded in action. 

James Murphy, Co. C, color-corporal ; took the colors at Gettysburg, 
and carried them to the close of the action. 

Charles Whitney, Co. E, 17 July, 1863, to 23 May, 1864, when mus- 
tered out. He carried the colors at Resaca. 

Thomas Johnson, Co. B, 2 June, 1864, to 25 June, 1865. He carried 
the colors into Atlanta, to Savannah, and through the Carolinas, 
including the battle of Averysborough. 

Pardon L. Crosby, Co. F, 25 June, 1865, to the end of service. 



THE liEGIMENTAL BAND. 513 



V. 

THE REGIMENTAL BAND. 



Spiegel, Charles, leader. — See Non-Commissiontd SUiff. 

Burnham, l?obert W., jun. .. Essex, Mass. — Engineer. Essex. — 

lie-enlisted in band of the Brigade. 
Clark, Jolni. 31. Gloucester, Mass. Teamster. Gloucester. 
Cook, Jerry C. 27. Reading, Mass. Cabinetmaker. Heading. 
I)c la Fontaine, Jose. 28. Brussels, Belgium. Cooper. Koxbury. 
De la Fontaine, Victor. 20. Brussels, Belgium. Cooper. Roxbury. 
Elwell, George, jun. . . Gloucester, Mass. Printer. Gloucester. — 

Re-enlisted in band of the Brigade. 
Fisher, John S. 40. Maiden, Mass. Currier. Maiden. — Discharged 

for disability, 3 June, 1862. 
Hinman, Lucius S. 32. Derby, Vt. Shoemaker. Holliston. 
Lord, Jacob S. 23. Gloucester, Mass. Shoemaker. Gloucester. 
Loud, Francis P. 29. Weymouth, Mass. Bootmaker. Quincy. 
Mess, Joseph. 20. Gloucester, Mass. Sailmaker. Gloucester. 
Nutting, Abel. 22. Lisbon, Me. Stonecutter. Quincy. 
Pearce, David P. 18. Gloucester, Mass. Carver. Gloucester. — 

Discharged for disability, 19 Dec, 1861. Subsequently enlisted in 

8th Mass., and died in service. 
Perry, Reuben. 23. Gloucester, Mass. Blacksmith. Gloucester. — 

Re-enlisted in band of the Brigade. 
Proven, Charles. 27. Upper Stewiack, N.S. Shoemaker. Reading. 
Rawson, Charles E. 36. Natick, Mass. Shoemaker. Natick. — 

Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, and was not 

exchanged until after the date of muster-out. 
Smeath, William. 26. Exeter, England. Embosser. Amesbury. — 

Taken prisoner, 9 Aug., 1862, at Cedar Mountain, and was not 

exchangeil until after the date of muster-out. 
Thompson, Charles E. 28. Standish, Me. Carpenter. Maiden. 
Travis, Daniel F. 35. Holliston, Mass. Boot-finisher. Holliston. 

33 



514 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTKY. 

Twitchell, Reuben A. 22. Dublin, N.H. Cabinetmaker. Boston. 
— Re-enlisted in band of the Brigade. 

Walker, Charles R. 23. South Reading, Mass. Shoemaker. Read- 
ing. — Discharged for disability, 12 July, 18G1, at general liospital. 

"Watson, Benjamin. 44. Durham, N.H. Stonecutter. Quincy. 

Wing, Neil. 27. Gloucester, Mass. Shoemaker. Gloucester. 

The dates of enlistment were all reckoned as 25 May, 1861. In 
addition to excellent music, the members of the band rendered good 
service at Cedar Mountain, in removing the wounded from the field 
of battle, in which two of their number were taken prisoners. 

An Act of Congress discharged all regimental bands 16 Aug., 1862 ; 
but this band actually served until 8 Sept., 1862, such members only 
excepted as are mentioned in the above list. Several members re- 
enlisted in the brigade band (authorized by the same Act), which was 
raised in Massachusetts, joined for duty at Stafford Court-House, Va., 
early in 1863, and served to the end of tlie war. 



NATIVITIES. 

VI. 



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522 



SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



COMMISSIONED OFFICERS ACCOUNTED FOR. 























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10 


4 


Died of wounds . . 


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4 


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Discharged wounded 








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4 


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lo Inv. Oorp*, wo. . 























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by casuiilcies in ac- 






















tion 


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9 



2 





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20 


7 


Died of disease . . 




















2 


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Resigned from dis'y. 








5 


1 











1 


7 
9 


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By disease . . . 








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1 


2 


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8 


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1 


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15 


26 


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Total 


3 


5 


32 


4 


1 


9 


4 


29 


87 


— 



GENERAL SUMMARY. 



By Casualties in Action. — Killed, 119; died of wounds, 71; 
discharged on account of wounds, 115; to Invalid Corps, wounded, 
29 ; wounded, mustered out, 55. Total, 389. 

By Disease or Accident. — Died, 84; drowned, 4; discharged 
for disability, 269 ; to Invalid Corps, on account of disease, 35 ; absent, 
sick, when mustered out, 62. Total, 454. 

By Discharge for Promotion, 34. 

By Resignation of Officers and Transfers or Orders of 
War Department. — Officers resigned, 4 ; men transferred to other 
regiments, 2; to gunboats, 15; enlisted in, or transferred to, regular 
army, 25 ; discharged by War Department, 39. Total, 85. 

By Desertion, &c. — Deserted, 244; dropped from the rolls, 6; 
dischirged as minors, 7. Total, 257. 

By Muster-out, 499. 

Not accounted for on Records, 30. Total, 1749. 



ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 



523 



ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. 

The list of subscribers to tlie original regimental fund, men- 
tioned on page 5, is as follows : — 



George 0. Ilovcy. 
Bryant & Sturgis. 
Natlianiel Thayer. 
James Davis, jun. 
William S. Bullard. 
Denny, Kiee, & Co. 
George B. Gary. 
F. II. & J. B. Bradlee. 
S. Willard & Son. 
J. S. Warren. 
Josei)h S. Fay. 
James Lawrence. 
John E. Lodge. 
George W. Wales. 
Mrs. Franklin Dexter. 
Henry Sayles. . 
Henr}' Sigourney. 
Little, Brown, & Co. 
Lasigi, Goddard, & Co. 
Homer & Sprague. 
Bayley, Rollins, & Co. 
D. N. Spooner. 
Ozias Goodwin. 
J. M. Forbes & Co. 
Ticknor & Fields. 
John A. Lowell. 
Gardner Brewer. 
Thomas G. Appleton. 
Naylor & Co. 
George B. Blake. 
James M. Beebe. 
Sarah P. Pratt. 
Francis B. Crowninsbield. 
Charles P. Curtis. 
J. M. Warren. 
George P. Upham. 
J. Huntington Wolcott. 
Henry Cabot. 
Mary A. Wales. 
John A. Blanchard. 
Charles Amory. 
George L. Pratt. 
E. D. Peters & Co. 
Dana, Farrar, & Hvde. 
J. B. Glover. 
Charles Merriam. 



E. H. Eldridge. 
Thomas Lee. 
Samuel G. Ward. 
Richard S. Fay. 
J. IngersoU Bowditch. 
Charles G. Loring. 
James Parker. 
F^dward Austin. 
H. P. Sturgis & Co. 
James Savage. 
Augustine Heard, jun. 
John C. Gray. 
Charles Mifflin. 
George F. Parkman. 
David Sears. 
Foster & Taylor. 
Samuel \Vhi!well. 
Arthur Dexter. 
Thomas Wigg'.esworth. 
Samuel A. Appleton. 
R. M. Mason. 
John S. Farlow. 
Henry Wainwrigbt. 
G. Ilowiand Sliaw. 
Charles F. Choate. 

E. R. Mudire. 
William F.' Weld. 
George (Jardner. 
R. W. Hooper. 

S. R. Putnam. 
Augustus Lowell. 
Larkin, Stackpole, & Co. 
Mrs. T. G. Gary. 
Moses Williams. 
Charles F. Atlams. 
Josiab Quincy. 
IMoses Grant. 

F. W. Lincoln. 
Israel Londjard. 
Samuel Hooper. 
Mrs. E. B. P>owditch. 
William H. Switt. 
M. P. Grant. 
William II. Gardner. 
George A. Gardner. 
George 11. Russell. 



524 SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 

Page 72, line 12. Ilenr^' M. Comey, then of G, also fought all 
through the battle, with an Ohio regiment. 

Page 99, line 7. For c/rapes read cherries. 

Page 121. About this time, second lieutenant T. B. Fox, jun., 
joined for duty, in command of recruits. 

Page 137. The second foot-note should be numbered 2. 

Page 140, line 13. Insert " Costello, of I, wounded and missing." 
For Jifti/ read _fif})j-one. In second note, the losses of the Second 
should read " killed, 18 ; wounded, 51." 

Page 14:8, line 28. For S/iarj>svt7/e read Shai-psbiirg. 

Page 150, line 7. For Leeshnnj read Leeshurg. 

Page 176, line 16. For seventij read twenty. 

Page 182, line 10. For Cadij read Codij. Insert " Seavers, of H." 
Line 13, insert " Hatch, of C." 

Page 192, line 14. For Hooper read Hooker. 

Page 201, line 22. Add " Capt. N. D. A. Sawyer and Lieut. 
Thomas were in the stockade with Capt. Grafton." 

Page 229, line 15. For Bohman read Bohonan ; for Lawson read 
Laicton. Line 16, erase " Pierson, of I." 

Page 241, line 3. For Coihren read Coethan. 

Page 259, line 6. For Maun read Munn. 

Page 288. For XXI. read XXII. 

Page 292, line 2. Add " and Lieut. M. P. Eichardson as captain." 

Page 388. Add to Jesse Kichardson, " wounded slightly, 17 Sept., 
1862." Moses P. Eichardson, for " 17 Sept., 1862," read " 3 May, 
1863." 

Page 421. Fenner, "discharged in consequence of wounds." 

Page 425. McMullen, "discliarged in consequence of wounds." 

Page 481, line 27. Captain Charles Wheaton served until May, 
1866. He was brevetted colonel, December, 1865. 

Page 494, line 38. Captain C. P. Horton, brevetted lieut. colonel. 

Page 498, line 20. Captain Eugene E. Shelton was post commis- 
sary at Port Hudson until March, 1865, when he was sent to Texas ; 
chief commissary on the Eio Grande. Brevet-major, 14 July, 1865. 
Wounded in the left leg, 13 Nov., 1863, at Port Hudson. Dis- 
charged 14 July, 1865. 

Coffin, in " Four Years of Fighting," page 198, mistakes a statement 
in " Potomac and Eapidan," regarding the battle of Clianccllorsville. 
" Three times," says Coffin, " the flag from tlieold Bay State changed 
hands. But, before the rebels could carry it from the iield, it was 
rescued," &c. The flag clianged color-bearers only, as they succes- 
sively fell. No rebel hand ever touched the battle-flag on any occa- 
sion. 



INDEX 



OF PPtlXCIPAL PLACES AND EVENTS. 



Abercronibie, Gen., in brigade of, 

42, 51. 
Additions and corrections, 523. 
Alexandria, Va., 126, 1«5, 188, 192, 

281. 
AUiitoona Mountains, Ga., 233, 

235. 
Alston's Ferry, S.C, 2(32. 
Ames, Gen., in connnand of, 175. 
Amlerson, Tenn., I'J'J. 
Andrew, (iov., address by, 210. 
Andrews, Col., in formation of 

regiment, oetsef/.; commanding 

regiment, 46, 71) et ser/., 98-146. 
Antietam, 131 rf .sry., 144, 183. 
Appomattox River, \'a., 280. 
Argyle Island, S.C, 253. 
Atlanta, Ga., 239 et srq. 
Averysborough, N.C., 268 et seq. 

B. 

Band, Kegimental, 18, 513. 
Banks, Gen., in commanil of, 41- 

132. 
" Banks's lietreat," 80 et seq. 
Bartlett, (ien., in division of, 282. 
Barton's Mills, Va., 85, 97. 
Bellbucklo, Temi., 198, 200. 
Bentonville, N.C., 272. 
Berryville, Va., 69, 71. 
Beverly Ford, Va., 122, 175. 
Birthplaces of men, tiiblc of, 515. 



Blackburn's Ford, Md., 144. 

Bla<lensl)urg, Md., 281. 

Boston, Mass., 33, 204. 

Britliiejiort, Tenn., 223. 

Bran'^ily Station, Va., 121, 192. 

Bi-own, Cai)t., commanding regi- 
ment, 245-249. 

Bull K'lm, 125, 189, 281. 

Buidver Hill, Va., 37, 96. 

Buniside. (ien., in army of, 145- 
152 ; address by, 214. 

Burke's band (Iestro3ed, 145. 

Buzzard's Koost, Ga., 225. 



Camp Andrew, 14 et seq., 292. 

Cassvilie, Ga., 230. 

Casualties in action, table of, 517- 
519. 

Cedar Creek. 83. 

Cedar .Mountain, 105 et seq., 190. 

Cliancellorsville, 156 et seq., 281. 

Chantilly, Va., 125. 

Cliarlestown, V'a., 38, G7. 

CliattahoocliieHiver,Ga.,240,242. 

Cheraw, S.C, 265. 

Cliickamauga, 223. 

Cliristian Conunission, 154, 219. 

Christiana, Tenn., 19-<, 200. 

Cogswell, Col., connnanding regi- 
ment, 143-152, lf>4-2.j6 ; i)ost at 
Tullahoma, 219; post, Atlanta, 
243 ; brigade in Thin! Division, 
256. 



526 



SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



Colgrove, Col., Twenty-seventli 
Indiana, 70; biographical note, 
249. 

Colors, 24-30, 40, 41, 292, 511. 

Color-sergeants, 512. 

Columbia, S.C, 262. 

Commissioned officers. See Offi- 
cers. 

Companies raised and in camp, 
11-17; lists of men, — A, 298- 
312, 431-437 ; B, 312-325, 437- 
441 ; C, 325-338, 442-444 ; D 
339-351, 445-448; E, 352-364 
448-452; E, 365-376, 453-456 
G, 376-39 1 , 456-46 1 ; H, 39 1-404 
461-464 ; I, 404-417, 464-468 
K, 417-430, 468-471. 

Conrad's Ferry, Md., 51. 

Corrections, 524. 

Cox's Bridge, N.C., 273. 

Crawford, Gen., commanding divi- 
sion, 100, 135. 

Culpeper, Va., 104, 120. 



D. 



Dallas, Ga., 233. 

Darnestown, 46 et seq. 

Davisboro' Station, Ga., 251. 

Decherd, Tenn., 196, 199, 222. 

Dwiglit, Major, in formation of 
regiment, 3 ct seq. ; commanding 
regiment, 82 ; rear-guard, 86 ; 
death, 139. 



E. 



Edenburg, Va., 74. 
Edwards's Ferry, Md., 51, 177. 
Elk River, Tenn., 198; 201. 
Enlisted men, lists of, first term, 

295-430 ; second term, 431-474 ; 

accounted for, table, 520. 
Enlistment, first term expired, 231. 



Fairfax, Va., 125, 126, 150, 176, 

177, 179, 281. 
Fayetteville, N.C,266, 267. 
Field and Staff, list of, 609. 
Fox, Key. T. B., visit of, 202. 



Frederick, Md., 60 et seq., 130, 177, 

183. 
Freemason's Lodge, 61. 
Fund, regimentaC 5, 10, 235. 
Furlough to re-eulisted men, 204. 



G. 



Germanna Ford, Va., 157. 

Gettysburg, 178 et seq. 

Goldsborough, N.C., 273. 

Gordon, Col., raising and com- 
manding regiment, 1-98 ; brig- 
ade, 46, 47, 70-154 ; division, 
139; post of Harper's Ferry, 38. 

Grant, Gen., in command of, 219 
et seq. 

Greene, Gen., commanding brig- 
ade, 93. 



H. 



Hamilton, Gen., in command of, 

51. 
Hardeeville, S.C, 258. 
Harrisonburg, Va., 76. 
Harper's Ferry, 38, 67, 149, 192. 
Hawley, Gen., in brigade of, 254- 

282. 
Hillard, G. S., address by, 28. 
Hooker, Gen., in command of, 152- 

177, 192-241. 
Hyattstown, Md., 46. 



Indianapolis, Ind., 193, 204,218. 
Indiana, Twenty-seventh, in brig- 
ade, 70. 

J. 

Johnston's surrender, 279. 



K. 

Kelley's Ford, Va., 157, 184, 190. 
Kcnesaw, 237, 238. 
Kernstown, Va., 86 et seq. 
Kettle Run, Va., 123, 189. 
Kingston, Ga., 233, 235. 



INDEX. 



527 



L. 

Leesburg, Va., 150,177. 
Lincoln, Mayor, address by, 209. 
Little Washington, Va., 102. 
Lost Mountain, Ga., 230. 
Louisville, Ky., 1U3, 204, 218. 



M. 

Manassas, 123, 180. 

Mansfield, Gen., in corps of, 132- 

135. 
Marietta, Ga., 239. 
Martinsburg, Va., 85, 90, 192. 
Maryland Heights, 42, 143, 184. 
Massanutten Gap, Va., 77. 
Meade, Gen., in army of, 177-192. 
McLellan, Gen., in army of, 127- 

145. 
Middletown, Md., 131, 183. 
Middletown, Va., 83. 
Milledgeville, Ga., 250. 
Millen, Ga., 252. 
Morell, Gen., in division of, 145. 
Morse, Lieut.-Col., commanding 

regiment, 181, 231-239, 256 et 

seq. 
Motley, J. L., address by, 24. 
Mount Jackson, Va., 75. 
Mower, Gen., in corps of, 276. 
Mudge, Lieut.-Col., commanding 

regiment, 152, 173; death, 180. 



N. 

Narrow Pass, Va., 74. 
Nashville, Tenn., 193, 204, 218. 
New-Hope Church, Ga., 233, 236. 
Newmarket, Va., 76. 
Newtown, Va., 84. 
New-York City, 34, 185 et seq., 

290. 
Nickajack Cave, 223 ; trace, 225. 
Nou-commissioned staff. See Staff. 



O. 

Officers, commissioned, 5, 6, 11- 
18, 21, 22, 50, 64, 65, 94, 120, 148, 
153, 174, 248, 259, 282, 291 ; list 
of, and sketches, 475 ; accounted 



for, table, 522; field, 609; staff 
(sec Staff). 
Otis, Mrs. 11. G. supplies from, 54. 

P. 

Patterson, Gen., in command of, 
35-39. 

Patterson's campaign, 33 et seq. 

Peach-Tree Creek, Ga., 240. 

Perrysburg, S.C., 258. 

Phalen, ('apt., commanding regi- 
ment, 277. 

Pine Mountain, Ga., 236. 

Pope, Gen., in army of, 100 et seq. 

Pumpkin- Vine Creek, Ga., 233. 

Q. 

Quincy, Col., commanding regi- 
ment, 152-173. 

R. 

Raccoon Creek, Ga., 236. 

Kaccoon Ford, Va., 191. 

Kaleigh, N.C., 277-279. 

Rappahannock Station, Va., 121, 
185. 

Readville, Mass., 291. 

Kecruiting offices, 7, 10. 

Recruits, 49, 121, 233, 239, 242, 
248. 

Re-enlistments, 202. 

Regiment proposed, 1 ; raised and 
organized, 5-21 ; forwarded, 31, 
32 ; brigaded, 44, 40, 47, 70, 93, 
282 ; in division, 47, 282 ; in 
corps, 70 ; in Division of the 
Shenandoah, 41 ; in Army of 
Virginia, 100 ; in Army of the 
Potomac, 127 ; in Army of the 
Cumberland, 195 ; in Army of 
Georgia, 276 ; in Division of the 
District of Washington, 282 ; 
mustered out, 288 ; reached 
Readville, 291 ; discharged, 292. 

Regimental Aid Association, 56. 

Resaca, Ga., 226 et seq. 

Rice, II. A., assistance by, 59. 

Richmond, Va., 280. 

Robertville, S.C., 259. 

Rockville, Md., 128. 

Rocky Pace, Ga., 225. 



528 



SECOND MASSACHUSETTS INFANTRY. 



Kosecrans, Gen., in army of, 194- 

199. 
Kuger,Gen., commanding brigade, 

143, 154-247 ; biographical note, 

154. 



Srndersville, Ga., 251. 
Sandy Hoolc, Md., 67, 184. 
Sanitary Commission, 154, 193, 

276. 
Savannah, Ga., 252 et seq. 
Scott, Lieut.-Gen., order of, 31. 
Seneca Creek, Md., 51. 
Sergeants, First, 18, 19. 
Shelbyville, Tenn., 197. 
Sherman, Gen., in army of, 220 

et seq. 
Sigel, Gen., in Grand Division of, 

151. 
Sister's Ferry, S.C. 259. 
Slocum, Gen., in corps of, 141- 

221, 243 et seq. ; biographical 

note, 144. 
Smyrna Cimrch, Ga., 239. 
Snake-Creek Gap, Ga., 226. 
Snicker's Ferry, Va'., 70. 
Soutli Mountain, Md., 131. 
Spottsylvania, Va., 281. 
Staff, comnjissioned, 11, 17, 18, 

50, 97, 147, 153, 174, 242, 248, 

259, 509. 
Staff, non-commissioned, 18, 472. 
Stafford, C.H., Va., 152, 172. 
Stevenson, Ala., 193. 
Strasburg, Va., 73, 78, 81. 
Summary of officers and men, 522. 
Sumner, Gen., in command of, 

128. 
Sujiplies from friends, 54-59. 



Taylor's Ridge, Ga., 225. 
Thanksgiving Day, 52, 146, 201, 

251. 
Thomas, Gen., in army of, 199. * 
Ticknor, Mrs., supplies from, 55. 
Tullahoma, Tenn., 197, 198, 218- 

222. 

U. 

United-Statgs Ford, Va., 167, 171, 
281. 

w. 

Warrenton, Va., 99. 

Washingt(m, D.C., 192, 281 etseq. 

Waterloo Bridge, Va., 122. 

Williams, Gen. A. S., command- 
ing brigade, 47 ; division, 70 
corps, 128, 135, 241-276; biO' 
grapliical note, 48. 

Williamsport, Md., 34, 90, 92, 184 

Winchester, Va., 69, 72, 87 et seq. 
96. 

Winnsborough, S.C, 263. 

Wisconsin 1 hird, in brigade, 70 
parting, 282. 

Wolf-Kun Shoals, Va., 151. 

Woodstock, Va., 73. 



X. 

Xenia, Ohio, 193. 

Z. 

Zouaves d'Afrique, 100, 111. 



CAMBRIDGE : PRESS OP JOHN WILSON AND SON. 



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